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CONTENTS
3
4
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1
2
3
4
1
2
............................................. 5-2
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................................................... 5-66
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1 .............................................................. 7-2
2 ................................................... 7-11
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1.
2. H2O CO2
H2 + Cl2 2HCl
H2S + Cl2 2HCl + S
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
(1)
(2)
2.
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(02)2705-5066
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
(1) Oxygen
(2) Fuel
(3) Heat
2.
Oxygen
15% CO2
fuel
heat
chain
reaction
1.
2.
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3. H+ OH
H+ OH
Back
draft
1. Pool fire
(1)Boilover
(2)slopover
(3)
(4)
2. Fire ball
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(1)
BLEVE
BLEVE Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion
BLEVE
BLEVE
1.
2.
3.
BLEVE
4.
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1.
BLEVE
BLEVE 2.
3.
BLEVE
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
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(02)2705-5066
1.
2.
3.
4.
500 m
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
8001200
1.
(1)
01
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(2)
CHOS
1 CO2
CO2 C+O2 CO2
123244
1 12 1 32
1000 C X O X
1232 1232=1000X X=2666.67
23% Y 2666.67
O Y
Y23%=2666.67Y=11594.2g=11.594kg
1kg 11.594kg
21%
(V)=(2666.67/32)22.4=1866.67
22.4
V1=1866.67(100/21)=8888.9 =8.89m3
1 HH2O
1000 X O X
216=1000X2X=16000 X=8000
23% Y 8000
O Y
Y23%=8000Y=34782.6g=34.783kg
1kg 34.783kg
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21%
(V)=(8000/32)22.4=5600
22.4
V1=5600(100/21)=26666.67 =26.667m3
1 S SO2
SO2 S + O2 SO2
323264
1 32 1 32
1000 X O X
3232=1000X32X=32000 X=1000
23% Y 8000
O Y
Y23%=1000Y=4347.826g=4.348kg
1kg 4.348kg
21%
V=1000/3222.4=700
22.4
V1=700(100/21)=3333.333 =3.333m3
(a)1kg 11.594kg
(b)1kg 34.783kg
(c)1kg 4.348kg
C%H%S%
1
O
Aw={11.594C+34.783(H
(kg)
)+4.348S}
8
100
Aw=
C=
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(02)2705-5066
H=
O=
S=
(a)1kg 8.889m3
(b)1kg 26.667m3
(c)1kg 3.333m3
C%H%S%
1
O
)+3.333S}
Av={8.889C+26.667(H
(m3)
8
100
Av=
C=
H=
O=
S=
2.
15% 20% 15% 20% 1kg
(1)
1
O
)+4.348S}
(kg)
8
100
Aw=C=15H=20O=20S=15
Aw={11.594C+34.783(H
1
20
(kg)
+4.34815}
8
100
=8.48(kg)
Aw={11.59415+34.78320
(2)
1
O
)+3.333S}
(m3)
8
100
Av=C=15H=20O=20S=15
Av={8.889C+26.667(H
1
20
)+3.33315}
(m3)
8
100
=6.5(m3)
Av={8.88915+26.667(20
10
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(1)
1
O
)+4.348S}
(kg)
8
100
Aw=C=62.5H=4.5O=12.4S=2.6
Aw={11.594C+34.783(H
Aw={11.59462.5+34.783(4.5
12.4
1
)+4.3482.6}
(kg)
8
100
=8.385kg
(2)
1
O
)+3.333S}
(m3)
8
100
Av=C=62.5H=4.5O=12.4S=2.6
Av={8.889C+26.667(H
1
12.4
)+3.3332.6}
(m3)
8
100
=6.428(m3)
Av={8.88962.5+26.667(4.5
1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
2.
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11
H2
4.0
75.0
CO
12.5
74.0
CH4
5.3
14.0
C3H8
2.2
9.5
C6H14
1.2
7.5
C2H2
2.5
81.0
CH3OH
7.3
36.0
C2H5OH
4.3
19.0
(CH3)2CO
2.6
12.8
(C2H5)2O
CS2
C6H6
NH3
1.9
1.3
1.4
1.6
1.4
5.3
48.0
44.0
7.1
25.0
7.6
32.0
3. Lechatelier's principle
1
(%)
PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4
+
+
+
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
PM1PM4=
(1)Amin =
AD1AD4=%
1
(2)Amax =
(%)
PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4
+
+
+
AU1
AU2
AU3
AU4
AU1AU4=%
CH4C3H8CO 532
(1)
1
(%)
PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4
+
+
+
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
Amin =
CH4AD1=5.3
C3H8AD2=2.2
COAD3=12.5
12
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CH4PM1=5/10=0.5
C3H8PM2=3/10=0.3
COPM3=2/10=0.2
1
1
=
= 4.05(%)
0.2 0.2467032
0.5 0.3
+
+
5.3 2.2 12.5
(2)
1
(%)
Amax =
PM1 PM2 PM3 PM4
+
+
+
AU1
AU2
AU3
AU4
Amin =
CH4AU1=14
C3H8AU2=9.5
COAU3=74
CH4PM1=5/10=0.5
C3H8PM2=3/10=0.3
COPM3=2/10=0.2
1
1
=
= 14.29(%)
0.5 0.3 0.2 0.07
+
+
14
9.5
74
Amax =
C3H840% 2.4%9.5%C4H1060%
1.8%8.4%
(1)
1
Amin =
PM1 PM2
+
AD1
AD2
C3H8AD1=2.4
C4H10AD2=1.8
C3H8PM1=0.4
C4H10PM2=0.6
Amin =
1
1
=
= 2 2%
0.4 0.6 0.5
+
2.4 1.8
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13
(2)
1
Amax =
PM1 PM2
+
AU1
AU2
C3H8AU1=9.5
C4H10AU2=8.4
C3H8PM1=0.4
C4H10PM2=0.6
Amax =
1
=8.81 8.81%
0.4 0.6
+
9.5 8.4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. BLEVE
8.
9.
10.
11.
14
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1. 70%
2. 2070%
3. 20%
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
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15
1.
2.
1. COCO2
2.
16
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(02)2705-5066
1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
3.
1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
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17
1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
4.
(1) 2400kcal/m2h
(2) 2050kcal/m2h
NFPA
18
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1.
2.
3.
(1)
(2)
4.
5.
(1)
(2)
(3)
1.53.5 23m/sec
0.5m/sec
0.50.75 0.51.0m/sec
0.51.5m/sec
I0
I
I0
I
Butcher
D=2
D=log10
optical density
1. D=1 1m 90%
10%
2. D=2 1m 99%
1%
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19
S=
(I I I) 100%
0
67 S
I0
I
D=2 log10100 S
kg/m3
/m3
1.
2.
20
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. .
, 2010.09
I S B N: 978-957-11-6104-4
1.
575.87
2. 3.
99017552
5T01
58.1
106 339 4
(02)2705-5066
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