Tamil 6-12 Notes by Arivukkadal

AdLPp TlTLm
U] Gi: 3262, RrS hYN YVd l,

pXWU, UW - 625 011
LT : 98426 - 49140, 98421 - 88660
RXT : 0452 - 6463666
CQVR[m: www.gksuccess.com / u]gNp : akpmadurai@gmail.com
B\m Yl .......................................................... 1
HZm Yl ...........................................................19
GhPm Yl .........................................................71
JuTRm Yl ................................................... 126
TjRm Yl ....................................................... 198
T]Wm Yl ...............................................232
TuWiPm Yl ........................................242
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Arivukkadal Pathippagam 9842649140
1
Mwhk; tFg;G
nra;As; - tho;j;J
jp UtUl; gh
1. fz; zp y; fye; jh d;
fUj; jpy; fye; jhd; vd; Dk;
tho; j; Jg; ghliy vOjpatH
ahH?
,uhkypq; f mbfshH
2. jpUtUl;gpufhr ts;syhH vd;Dk;
rpwg;Gg; ngaH ngw;wtH ahH?
,uhkypq; f mbfshH
3. MrpupaH Fwpg; G:-
CH flY}H khtl;lk; kUJ}u;
ngw; NwhH ,uhikah> rpd; dk; ikahH.
E} y; [P tfhUz; a xOf; fk; >
kDKiw fz; lthrfk; > ghly;
jpUtUl; gh
4. ,uhkypq; f mbfshH grpj; JaH
Nghf;fp kf;fSf;F cztspf;f
ve; jr; rhiyia mikj; jhH?
mwr; rhiyia
5. mwpTnewp tpsq; f ,uhkypq; f
mbfshH epWtpa rig vJ?
Qhdrig
6. fhyk; 5.10.1823 Kjy; 30.1.1874
tiu
jpUf; Fws; md; Gilik
7. jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpatH ahH?
jp Uts; StH
8. jpUts;Stu; tho;e;j fhyk;?
fp.K. 31 vd; W $WtH
9. jpUts; Stupd; NtW rpy ngaHfs;
ahit?
nre; ehg; NghjhH> nja; tg; GytH>
ehadhH
10. jpUf;Fws; vj;jid tifahfg;
gpupf; fg; gLfpwJ? mit ahit?
%d;W gpupTfs;. mit
1. mwj; Jg; ghy;
2. nghUl; ghy;
3. ,d; gj; Jg; ghy;
11. jpUf;Fwspy; xt;NthH mjpfhuj;
jpw; Fk; 10 Fwl; ghf; fs; tP jk;
vj; jid Fwl; ghf; fs; cs; sd?
1330
12. jpUf; Fwspy; vj; jid mjpfhuq; fs;
cs;sd?
133
13. jpUf; Fws; ve; j E}y; fSs; xd; W
gjpndz; fP o; f; fzf; F
14. jpUf;Fwspd; NtW rpy ngaHfs;
ahit?
Kg;ghy;> nghJkiw> jkpo;kiw
15. cyf kf; fshy; jp Uf; Fws;
vt; thW Nghw; wg; gLfpwJ?
cyfg; nghJkiw
jpUts; StH Mz; L fzf; fpLk;
Kiw fpwpj; J Mz; L (fp.gp.) +31
= jp Uts; StH Mz; L
(vLj; Jf; fhl; L) 2010 + 31
(fp.gp.2010 = jpUts; StH Mz; L
2041 vd; W $WNthk;
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2
16. nrhw;nghUs;
1. MHtyH - md;GilatH
2. Gd;fzPH - Jd;gk; fz;L ngUFk;
fz;zPH
3. g+ry;jUk; - ntspg;gl;L epw;Fk;
4. vd; G - vYk; G (,q; F cly; >nghUs; >
Mtpiaf; Fwpf; fpwJ)
5. <Dk; - jUk;
6. MHtk; - tpUg;gk;
7. tpUg;gk; vd;gjpd; nghUs; ahJ?
ntWg; ig eP f; fp tp Ug; gj; ij
cz;lhf;Fk; vd;gJ nghUs;
8. ez;G - el;G
9. itafk; - cyfk;
10. vd; g - vd; ghHfs;
11. kwk; - tP uk;
12. vd; gpyJ - vYk; gpy; yhjJ (GO)
13. md;gpyJ - md;gpy;yhj capHfs;
14. md;G + mfj; J + ,y;yh - md;G
cs; sj; jpy; ,y; yhj
15. td;ghw;fz; - td;ghy; + fz; -
ghiyepyj; jpy;
16. jspHj; jw; W - jspHj; jJ Nghy
17. tw; wy; kuk; - thba kuk;
18. Gwj; JWg; G - cly; cWg; Gfs;
19. vtd; nra;Ak; - vd;d gad;?
20. mfj; JWg; G - kdj; jpd; cWg; G
ciueil
jkpo; j; jhj; jh c.Nt.rh
17. jkp o; j; jhj; jh vd; W ahiu
miof; fpd; Nwhk; ?
c.Nt.rh
18. c.Nt.rhkpehjH Xiyr; Rtbia
ve; j Cupy; vLj; jhH?
<NuhL khtl; lj; jp y; cs; s
nfhLKb
19. goq; fhyj; jpy; gidXiyapy; vij
itj; J vOJthHfs; ?
vOj; jhzp
20. goq; fhyj; jpy; nra; As; >,yf; fzk;
ve;jr; Rtbapy; vOjg;gl;ld?
Xiyr; Rtbap y;
21. Xiyr; Rtb vOj; Jf; fspy; vJ
,Uf; fhJ?
Gs; sp> xw; iwf; nfhk; G> ,ul; ilf;
nfhk; G NtWghL ,Uf; fhJ
22. vOj; jhzp nfhz; L vOJk;
Xiyf;F vd;d ngaH?
Xiyr; Rtb
23. ekf; fhfj; jhspy; vOjp> mr; rpl; Lg;
Gj; jfj; ij toq; fpatH ahH?
c.Nt.rhkp ehja; aH
24. FwpQ; rpg; ghl; L vd; Dk; Rtbapy; vj; jid
tifahd g+f; fspd; ngaHfs; ,Ue; jd?
njhz; Z}w; W xd; gJ
25. Fwp Q; rp g; ghl; L vd; Dk; E}yp d;
MrpupaH.
fgp yH
26. Xiyr; Rtbfs; ghJfhf; fg; gLk; rpy
,lq;fs; ahit?
1. fP o; j; jpirf; Rtbfs; E}yfk; >
nrd; id
2. muR Mtzf; fhg; gfk; > nrd; id
3. cyfj; jkpo; Muha; r; rp epWtdk; >
nrd; id
4. ruRtjp kfhy; > jQ; rht+H
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3
27. c.Nt.rhkpehja; aH ve; j Cupy;
gpwe;jhH?
jpUth&H khtl; lj; jpy; cs; s
cj; jkjhdGuk;
28. c.Nt.rhkpehja;aupd; ,aw;ngaH
vd;d?
Ntq; fluj; jpdk;
29. c.Nt.rh.tpd; MrpupaH ngaH ?
kfhtpj; Jthd; kPdhl; rp Re; juk;
gp s; is
30. MrpupaH c.Nt.rhkpehja; aUf; F
itj; j ngaH vJ?
rhkp ehjd;
31. c. Nt. rh tp u p j; Jf; $Wf?
cj; jkjhdGuk; Ntq; fl Rg; igaH
kfdhd rhkpehjd;.
32. c.Nt.rh.ve;j Mz;L gpwe;jhH.
19.2.1855
33. c.Nt.rh ve;j Mz;L ,aw;if
va;jpdhH?
28.4.1942
34. jkpo; j; jhj; jhtpd; tho; f; if tuyhw; wpd;
E}ypd; ngaH ahJ?
vd; rup jk;
35. c.Nt.rh tho; f; if tuyhw; iw ve; j
,jopy; njhluhf vOjpdhH?
Mde; j tpfld;
c.Nt.rh. gjpg;gpj;j E}y;fs;
1. vl; Lj; njhif 8
2. gj; Jg; ghl; L 10
3. rPtfrpe;jhkzp 1
4. rpyg; gjpfhuk; 1
5. kzpNkfiy 1
6. Guhzq;fs; 12
7. cyh 9
8. Nfhit 6
9. J}J 6
10. ntz; gh E}y; fs; 13
11. me; jhjp 3
12. guzp 2
13. Kk; kzpf; Nfhit 2
14. ,ul; il kzpkhiy 2
15. ,jugpuge;jq;fs; 4
36. c.Nt.rh. E}y; epiyak; ve; j
Mz;L epWtg;gl;lJ?
1942
37. c.Nt.rh. E}y; epiyak; ve; j efupy;
njhlHe;J nray;gl;L tUfpwJ?
nrd; idapy; cs; s ngrd; l; efH
38. c. Nt. rh. mtHfsp d; jkp o; g;
gzpfisg; ghuhl; ba ntspehl; L
mwpQHfs; ahH?
[p.A.Nghg; > #ypa]; tpd; Nrhd;
39. eLtz; muR>c.Nt.rh.mtHfspd;
jkpo; j; njhz; bidg; ngUikg; gLj; Jk;
tifapy; ______ Mk; Mz; L
mQ; ry; jiy ntspapl; Lr; rpwg; gpj; J
cs; sJ.
2006 Mk; Mz; L
Jizg; ghlk;
filrptiu ek; gpf; if
40. [g; ghdp y; ve; j ve; j ,uz; L
,lq; fsp y; mnkup f; fh Fz; L
tPrpaJ?
1. `pNuhrpkh 2. ehfrhfp
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4
41. rlNfh ve;j ehl;Lr; rpWkp?
[g; ghd;
42. [g; ghdpaH tzq; Fk; gwit vJ?
nfhf; F
43. mutpe;j Fg;jh vOjpa E}y;.
nld; ypl; by; gpq; fH];
fhfpjj; jpy; cUtq; fs; nra; Ak;
fiyia [g;ghdpaH xupfhkp
vd; W $WtH
,yf; fzKk; nkhopj; jpwDk;
44. ,yf; fzk; vjw; Fj; Njitg;
gLfpwJ?
ehk; NgRk; nkhopia> vOJk;
nkhop iar; rup ahfg; Gup e; J
nfhs; tjw; F
45. jkpopd; Kjy; vOj; J vJ?
m
46. m vd; Dk; vOj; J vjidf;
Fwpf; Fk; ?
kdp jd;
47. q; vd;w vOj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dhy;
tUk; ,d vOj;J vJ?
f
48. kQ; rs; > mQ; rhNj vd; Dk; ,t; tpuz; L
nrhw; fspy; vit el; G vOj; Jf; fs; ?
Q; r
49. e; kw; Wk; d; ,t; tpuz; Lk; vd; d
vOj; Jfs; ?
nka;
50. r; vd; gJ nka; naOj; J v
vd;gJ capnuOj;J ,t;tpuz;Lk;
NrUk; NghJ khWtJ?
Fwp y;
51. r; vd; gJ nka; naOj; J V
vd;gJ capnuOj;J ,t;tpuz;Lk;
NrUk; NghJ khWtJ?
neby;
52. gpupj; J mwpjy;
1.jkf; FupaH - jkf; F + cupaH
2. md; gP Dk; - md; G + <Dk;
3. epoyUik - epoy; + mUik
53. c. Nt. rh. tp d; ek; gp f; iff; Ff;
fhuzk; vd;d?
mtUila MHtk;
54. Kaw; rp jpUtpid Mf; Fk; vdf;
$wpatH.
jp Uts; StH
,ay; -2
nra; As; - ehybahH
55. eha; f; fhy; rpWtpuy; Nghy; vd; Dk;
ehybahH ghliyg; ghbatH ahH?
rkzKdp tH
56. nrhw;nghUs;
1. eha;f;fhy; - ehapd;fhy;
2. <f;fhy; - <apd;fhy;
3. ed; fzpaH - ed; F + mzpaH
4. mzpaH - neUq; fp ,Ug; gtH
5. vd; dhk; - vd; d gad;
6. Nra; - J}uk;
7. nra; - tay;
57. ehybahH ve;j E}y;fSs; xd;W .
gjpndz; fPo; f; fzf; F
58. ehybahupy; vj; jid ghly; fisf;
nfhz;Ls;sJ?
400
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5
59. ehybahupd; kw; nwhU rpwg; Gg; ngaH
vJ?
ehyb ehD}W
60. ehybahiu ,aw; wpatH ahH?
rkz KdptH
61. gjpndz; fP o; f; fzf; F - tpsf; fk;
rq; f E}y; fs; vdg; gLgit gj; Jg;
ghl;Lk; vl;Lj;njhifAk;. gj;Jg;
ghl; by; gj; J E}y; fSk; > vl; Lj;
njhifapy; vl; L E}y; fSk; cs; sd.
nkhj; jk; gjp ndl; L E}y; fs; .
,tw; iw Nky; fzf; F E}y; fs; vd; W
$Wk; tof; fKk; cz; L.
rq;f E}y;fSf;Fg;gpd; Njhd;wpa
E}y; fsp d; njhFg; G gjp ndz;
fP o; f; fzf; F vd; W toq; fg; gLfpwJ.
,j; njhFg; gpYk; gjpndl; L E}y; fs;
cs; sd. gjpndz; vd; why; gjpndl; L
vd; W nghUs; . ,e; E}y; fisf; fP o; f;
fzf;F E}y;fs; vd; Wk; $WtH.
gjpndz;fPo;f;fzf;F E}y; fSs;
ngUk;ghyhdit mwE}y;fNs
ghuj Njrk;
62. MAjk; nra; Nthk; ey; y fhfpjk;
vd; w ghujNjrk; ghliyg; ghbatH
ahH?
kfhftp ghujp ahH
63. nrhw;nghUs;
1. jiyrhAjy; - Xa; e; J gLj; jy;
2. tz; ik - nfhil
3. cOgil- tptrhak; nra; ag;
gad; gLk; fUtpfs;
4. Nfhzp - rhf; F
5. eil - rhiyapy; nry; Yk;
tz; bfs;
6. gwg; G - gwf; Fk; tpkhdk;
Nghd; wit
7. Qhyk; - cyfk;
8. cte; J nra; Nthk; - tpUk; gpr;
nra; Nthk;
9. jkpo;kfs; - xsitahH
10. NkytH - NkNyhH
11. fP otH - fP NohH
12. kw;NwhH - gpwHf;F cjTk;
NeHik mw; NwhH
13. newpapdpd; W - mwnewpapy;
epd; W
64. jkpo; ehl; bd; Gfo; ngw; w ftpQH
ahH?
ghujp ahH
65. ghujpahH vt; thW nfhz; lhlg;
gl;ltH?
ghl; Lf; nfhU Gytd; ghujp
66. Rje;jug; Nghuhl;l tPuH ahH?
kfhftp ghujp ahH
67. kfhftp ghujpahH tho;e;j fhyk;?
11.12.1882 Kjy; 11.9.1921 tiu
ciueil
gwitfs; gytpjk;
68. ve; j Cu p y; gl; lh Nr
ntbg;gjpy;iy?
jpUney; Ntyp khtl; lj; jpy; cs; s
rpwpa fpuhkk; $e;jd;Fsk;
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6
69. gwitfs; Vd; ehL tpl;L ehL
gwe;J tUfpd;wd?
gUtepiy khWk; NghJ
70. gUtepiy vd; why; vd; d?
ntapy; kpfTk; mjpfkhf ,Uf; Fk;
71. gUtepiy ve; j khjj; jpy; Vw; gLk; ?
Nk khjk;
72. gUtepiy khw; wk; vd; gJ?
ntapYk; > kioAk; > gdpAk; khwp
khwp tUtJ
73. gwitfs; ntapy; kw; Wk; gdp
$Ljyhf ,Uf;Fk; NghJ NtW
,lj; jpw; F nry; tjw; F vd; d ngaH?
tyir Nghjy;
74. gioafhyj;jpy; ek; Kd;NdhHfs;
,d; iwf; F kio tUk; vd; W
vg; gbf; $WtH?
gwitfs; ,lk; khWtij itj; J
cyfk; KOtJk; ,Ue; J gy
ehl; Lg; gwitfs; te; J jq; fp
,Uf;Fk; ,lj;Jf;Fg; ngaH jhd;
gwitfs; ruzhyak;.
75. ek; ehl; by; vj; jid gwitfs;
cs;sd?
Vwj; jho ,uz; lhapuj; J ehD}W
76. gwitfis vj; jid tifahfg;
gpupf; fyhk; ? mit ahit?
Ie; J tifahfg; gpupf; fyhk;
1.Njidf; Fbj; J thOk; gwitfs;
2.goj; ij cz; L thOk; gwitfs;
3.g+r; rpiaj; jpd; W thOk; gwitfs;
4.Ntl; ilahb cz; Zk; gwitfs;
5.,we; j cly; fis cz; L thOk;
gwitfs;
77. rkntsp kuq;fspy; thOk; rpy
gwitfs; ahit?
kQ; rs; rpl; L> nrq; fhfk; > Rliyf;
Fapy; > gdq; fhil> J}f; fzhq;
FUtp .
78. ePHepiyfspy; thOk; gwitfs;
ahit?
nfhf; F> jhiof; Nfhop> gtsf; fhyp>
Mw;W cs;shd;> Kf;Fspg;ghd;>
ehiu> mup ths; %f; fd; >
fuz; bthad; > Crpthy; thj; J.
79. kiyfspy; thOk; rpy gwitfs;
ahit?
,Uthr; rp> nre; jiyg; g+q; FUtp>
kpd; rpl; L> fUQ; rpd; dhd; >ePyfpup
nel; ilf; fhyp > nghd; KJF
kuq; nfhj; jp > rp d; df; FWthd;
nfhz; il cothud; > ,uhrhspg;
gUe;J> g+kd; Me;ij
80. $e; jd; Fsk; fpuhkj; J kf; fs; Vd;
gl; lhR ntbf; fhkYk; Nksk;
mbf;fhkYk; ,Uf;fpd;wdH.
gwitfs; gae; Jtplhky; ,Uf; f
jkpo; ehl;by; cs;s
gwitfs; ruzhyaq; fs;
(Gfyp lq; fs; ):
1. Ntle; jhq; fy;
2. fupf; fpsp (fhQ; rpGuk; khtl; lk; )
3. fQ;rpuq;Fsk;
4. rpj; jpuq; Fb
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7
5. Nky; nry; tD}H (,uhkehjGuk;
khtl;lk;)
6. goNtw; fhL (jpUts; @H khtl; lk; )
7. cjakhHj;jhz;lk; (jpUth&H
khtl;lk;)
8. tLt+H (jQ;rht+H khtl;lk;)
9. fiuntl; b (nguk; gY}H khtl; lk; )
10. Ntl; lq; Fb (rptfq; if khtl; lk; )
11. nts;NshL (<NuhL khtl;lk;)
12. $e;jd; Fsk; (jpUney;Ntyp
khtl;lk;)
13. Nfhbaf; fiu (ehfg; gl; bdk;
khtl;lk;)
Jizg; ghlk;
ghk; Gfs;
81. ghk; Gg; gz; iz vq; F cs; sJ?
nrd; idf; fpz; b
82. ghk; Gfs; ve; j tifiar; rhHe; jit?
CHtd tifia
83. cyfj; jpy; vj; jid tif ghk; Gfs;
cs;sd?
,uz; lhapuj; J vOE}w; W Ik; gJ
84. ,e;jpahtpy; vj;jid tifahd
ghk;Gfs; cs;sd?
,UE}w; W ehw; gj; J ehd; F
85. ghk; Gtiffspy; vj; jid ghk; GfSf; F
kl; Lk; er; Rj; jd; ik cz; L?
Ik; gj; jpuz; L
86. ghk; G tpOq; Ffpw vyp> jtisfs
clk; gp y; cs; s_____mjw; Fg;
NghJk;.
ePHr; rj; Nj.
ghk; gpdk; > cyfpy;
kdp j ,dk;
Njhd; Wtjw; Fg;
g j ; J f ; N f h b
Mz; LfSf; F Kd; Ng Njhd; wpaJ.
,e; jp ahtp Ys; s ,uh[ehfk;
jhd; cyfpNyNa kpf ePskhd
eQ; Rs; s ghk; G. 15mb eP sKil
aJ $Lfl; b thOk; xNu tifg;
ghk;G ,J ,uh[ ehfk;> kw;w
ghk; GfisNa $l czthf; fpf;
nfhs;Sk;. ghk;Gfspd; gw;fs;
cs; Nehf; fp tise; jp Uf; Fk;
,iuiag; gpbj; jhy; jg; gtplhJ.
ghk; Gfs; ,iuia nkd; W
jp d; gjp y; iy. mg; gbNa
tpOq; fptpLfpd; wd
87. ghk; G vjw; fhf vr; rpypy; eQ; R
itj; jpUf; fpwJ?
,iuiaf; nfhy; yTk; > nrupkhdj;
jp w; fhfTk; >
88. ghk; G ve; j mjpHTfis czHe; J
Kd;ndr;rupf;ifahf ,Uf;fpwJ..
jiuap d;
89. ghk;G ahUf;F ez;gd;?
tp trhap fSf; F
xU ghk;igf; nfhd;why;> mjd;
,izg; ghk; G gop thq; Fk; vd; W
nrhy;tJz;L. ,J cz;ikad;W.
nfhy; yg; gl; l ghk; gpd; clk; gpypUe; J
ntspNaWk; xUtif thridj;
jputpak; kw; wg; ghk; GfisAk; me; j
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8
,lk; Nehf; fp tutiof; fp wJ.
gopthq; f> ghk; Gfs; tUtjpy; iy
ghk; G jd; ehf; if mbf; fb
ntspNa eP l; Lk; . Rw; Wg; Gwj; jpd;
thridia mwpe; J nfhs; sj; jhd;
ghk; G mt; thW nra; fpwJ.
ey;y ghk;gpd; eQ;R Nfhg;uhf;rpd;
(Cobrozin) vDk; typePf;fp kUe;J
jahupf; fg; gad; gLfpwJ. ,e; jpa
muR tdtp yq; Fg; ghJfhg; Gr;
rl;lk; 1972 ,d; gb> NjhYf;fhfg;
ghk; Gfs; nfhy; yg; gLtijj; jLf; f
rl;lk; epiwNtw;wp cs;sJ.
90. capH vOj; Jfs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
gd; dpuz; L. m> M> ,> <> c>
C> v> V> I> x> X> xs.
91. nka; vOj; Jfs; vj; jid? mit
ahit?
gjpndl; L. f; > q; > r; > Q; > l; > z; > j; >
e; > g; > k; > a; > H> y; > t; > o; > s; > w; > d; .
92. jkp op Ys; s Kjy; vOj; Jfs;
nkhj; jk; vj; jid?
Kg; gJ
93. md; whl Ngr; rpYk; > vOj; jpYk; > ve; j
vOj;Jfs; gad;gLfpd;wd?
fp> rp> gp> b> jp> kp.
capnuOj;J 12
nka;naOj;J 18
capH nka; vOj;J 216
Ma; j vOj; J 1
nkhj; jk; 247
94. Fwpy; vOj; Jfs; vj; jid mit
ahit?
Ie; J. m> ,> c> v> x
95. Fwpy; vOj; Jfs; nka; vOj; Jf;
fNshL NrUk; NghJ___ vOj; Jfs;
cz; lhfpd; wd.
capH nka; f; Fwpy;
96. neby; vOj; Jfs; vj; jid? mit
ahit?
M> <> C> V> I> X> xs
97. neby; vOj;Jfs;> nka;naOj;Jf;
fNshL NrUk; NghJ vOj;Jfs;
cz; lhfpd; wd.
cap Hnka; neby;
98. fP o; f; fhZk; nrhw; fisf; nfhz; L
thf; fpaq; fis mikf; fTk; .
1. fy; - rp w; gq; fs; fy; yp y;
nrJf; fg; gLk;
2. fhy; - Nrw; W epyj; jpy; fhiy
mOe; j Cd; wp nkJtha; elf; f
Ntz; Lk;
3. Fil - ntapypypUe; Jk; kioap
ypUe; Jk; ek; ikf; fhg; gJ> Fil
4. $il - %q; fpy; fshy; $ilfs;
Kilag; gLfp d; wd
99. NrHj;J vOJf
1. kzk; + cz; L = kzKz; L
2. rpyH + mOthH = rpyuOthH
3. Gfo; + ,oe; Njd; = Gfopoe; Njd;
100. gpupj; J vOJf
1. ,Uk; ghzpfs; - ,Uk; G + Mzpfs;
2. nfhy; yUiy - nfhy; yH + ciy
3. Ntwpy; iy - NtW + ,y; iy
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101. ey; y jkpo; r; nrhw; fis mwpNthk;
1. tha; f; fhy; - Mw; wp d; xU
rpWfpisNa tha; f; fhy; MFk;
2. nra; - ed;nra; epyq;fspy;
ney;Yk; fUk;Gk; kpFjpaha;
tpisAk;
3. tz; ik - nghUs; ,y; yhjtHf; Ff;
nfhLf; Fk; tz; ikf; Fzk;
vy; yhUf; Fk; Ntz; Lk;
4. Qhyk; - ,e; j Qhyj; jp y;
cs; NshH midtUk; ek; cwtpdNu
102. gpd; tUk; epfo; TfSf; fhd fhuzj; ijf;
fz;lwpe;J vOJf
1. kdpjHfs; ahidia Ntl; il
ahlf; fhuzk; - je; jk;
2. cyfk; ntg; gkilaf; fhuzk;
- thfdg; Gif
3. MWfs; khrilaf; fhuzk; -
njhopw; rhiyf; fopT
4. kio Fiwaf; fhuzk; -
fhLfs; mopg; G
vOj; Jf; fSk; cwTk;
103. jd; vOj; Jld; kl; Lk; NrUk;
vOj; Jfs; cldpiynka; k; kaf; fk;
v.fh gf; fk; > mr; rk;
104. jd; vOj; Jld; NruhJ gp w
vOj; Jf; fSld; NrUk; vOj; Jfs; .
Ntw; W epiy nka; k; kaf; fk;
v.fh. rhHG> tho; f; if
,ay; 3
nra; As; - ehd; kzpf; fbif
105. kidf; F tp sf; fk; klths;
vd; Dk; ehd; kzpf; fbifg; ghliy
ghbatH ahH?
tp sk; gp ehfdhH
106. nrhw;nghUs;
1. klths; - ngz;
2. jifrhy; - gz;gpy; rpwe;j
3. kdf; fpdpa - kdj; Jf; F ,dpa
4. fhjy; Gjy; tH - md; Gkf; fs;
5. Xjpd; - vJntd; W nrhy; Yk;
NghJ
6. Gfo;rhy; - Gfioj;jUk;
7. czHT - ey;nyz;zk;
107. ehd; kzpf; fbif ve; j E}y; fSs;
xd; W.
108. FLk; gj; jpd; tpsf; F ahH?
ngz;
109. fbif vd; gJ
mzpfyd; ( eif)
110. ehd; kzpf; fbif vd; gjd; nghUs; .
ehd; F kzpfs; nfhz; l mzpfyd;
111. ehd; kzpf; fbifapd; MrpupaH ahH?
tp sk; gp ehfdhH
112. tpsk; gp - CHg; ngaH@ ehfdhH
vd;gJ Gytupd; ,aw;ngaH
ciueil
MuhNuh MupuNuh
113. vOj;J topahf tuhky; ghbg;ghb
tha;topahfg; guTfpw ghl;L vJ?
ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghl; L
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114. Foe; ijiaj; jha; njhl; bypypl; Lg;
ghLk; ghl; Lf; F ngaH vd; d?
jhyhl; Lg; ghly;
115. Kw; fhyj; jpy; jhyhl; Lg; ghly; fis
vt; thW $wp te; jhHfs; ?
fpuhkpag; ghly; fs;
116. nrd;id Nghd;w ngU efuq;fspy;
kf; fs; ghLk; _____ $l ehl; Lg; Gwg;
ghly;.
fhdhg; ghly;
117. flYf; Fr; nrd; W kP d; gpbf; Fk;
kP dtHfs; vd; d ghl; L ghLthHfs; .
ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghly;
118. ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghly; fisf; fP o; f;
fhZk; tiffshfg; gpupf;fyhk;:
jhyhl; Lg; ghly; fs;
tp isahl; Lg; ghly; fs;
njhopy; ghly; fs;
rlq; Fg; ghly; fs;
nfhz; lhl; lg; ghly; fs;
top ghl; Lg; ghly; fs;
xg; ghupg; ghly; fs;
119. gpwe; j Foe; ijf; fhfg; ghLk; ghly;
vJ?
jhyhl; Lg; ghly;
120. nfhQ; rk; tsHe; j gps; isfs; ghLk;
ghly; vJ?
tp isahl; Lg; ghly;
121. fisg;G ePq;f> Ntiy nra;NthH
ghLtJ vJ?
njhopy; ghly;
122. jpUkzk; kw; Wk; gpw epfo; Tfspy;
ghLtJ vJ?
rlq; Fg; ghly; > nfhz; lhl; lg;
ghly; fs;
123. rhkp Fk; gpLNthH ghLk; ghly; vJ?
top ghl; Lg; ghly;
124. ,we;NjhUf;Fg; ghLk; ghly; vJ?
xg; ghup g; ghly; fs;
Jizg; ghlk;
tPur; rpWtd;
125. kf; fs; neUf; fk; kpFe; j efuk; vJ?
nfhy; fj; jh
vOj; jhsH [hdfp kzhsd;
vd; ghUila mwpit tsHf; Fk;
mw; Gjf; fijfs; vd; Dk;
E} yp yp Ue; J ,r; rp Wfij
vLj;jhsg;gl;Ls;sJ.
126. tpy;ypypUe;J Gwg;gl;l mk;igg;
Nghyg; gha;e;J rhiyf;F te;jtH
ahH?
tp Ntfhde; jH.
127. gpw; fhyj; jpy; cyfk; Gfo caHe; j
Rthkp ahH?
tp Ntfhde; jH
128. tpNtfhde;jupd; kWngaH vd;d?
eNue; jp uehj;
ehl;Lg;Gwj; jkpo; mwpNthk;
129. Nfhopaf; Nfl; lh Mdk; fhr; Rthq; f...?
Mdk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
Fok; G
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130. msf; Fw ehopf; F mftpiy njupAkh?
ehop vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
jhdpaq; fis msf; Fk; gb
131. mftpiy vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
jhdpa tpiy
132. jpwe; j tP l; Lf; Fj; jpwTNfhy; vJf; F?
jpwTNfhy; vd; gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
rhtp
133. xw; W vdg; gLtJ ahJ?
nka; naOj; J
134. xw;nwOj;ijr; NrHj;J vOJf
ghliy+nrhd;Ndd; = ghliyr;
nrhd; Ndd;
flTis+fz;Nld; = flTisf;
fz; Nld;
goj; ij+jpd; Nwd; = goj; ijj;
jp d; Nwd;
fz; zDf; F+nfhLj; Njd; =
fz; zDf; Ff; nfhLj; Njd;
kJiu f; F+nry; Nth k; =
kJiuf; Fr; nry; Nthk;
135. rupahd nrhw; fisj; NjHe; njLj; Jr;
nrhw;nwhliu epug;Gq;fs;.
1. ky; ypif ______ tPrpaJ
2. g+kpia ______ tUNtd;
3. ______gJq; fpg; ghAk;
4. Kfj; jpy; ______KWty; Ntz; Lk;
5. eha; ______ epkpuhJ
1. kzk; > 2. tyk; > 3. Gyp>
4. Gd;> 5.thy;
136. jkpo; r; nrhw; fs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
jkpo; r; nrhw; fs; ehd; F tifg; gLk;
1. ngaHr; nrhy;
2. tpidr;nrhy;
3. ,ilr; nrhy; 4. cupr; nrhy;
137. nry; tp te; jhs; vd; w nrhw; nwhlupy;
ngaHr;nrhy; vJ? tpidr;nrhy;
vJ?
nry; tp vd; gJ ngaHr; nrhy;
te; jhs; vd; gJ tpidr; nrhy;
138. fP o; f; fhZk; nrhw; nwhlHfsp y;
cs; s ngaHr; nrhy; fisAk; tpidr;
nrhw; fisAk; Rl; Lf.
ngaHr; tpidr;
nrhy; nrhy;
1. kuk; MbaJ kuk; MbaJ
2. ,UtH ghbdH ,UtH ghbdH
3. nra; jp guTk; nra; jp guTk;
4. Fkud; tUfpwhd; Fkud; tUfpwhd;
139. fP o; f; fhZk; nrhw; nwhlHfsp d;
nghUj; jkhd ngaHr; nrhy; iy ,l; L
epug;Gf.
1. ______ J}q;fpdhd;
2. ______ g+j; jJ
3. ______ fpupf;nfl;by; ntw;wp
ngw; wJ
4. ______ mOjhs;
tpil: 1. ghz; bad; 2) ky; ypif>
3) ,e;jpah 4) kzpNkfiy
nghUj; jkhd tp idr; nrhy; iy
,l;L epug;Gf.
1. $l;lk; ______
2. Me; ij ______
3. tpd;nrd;l; ghlk; ______
4. KfkJ jz; zP H ______
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12
tpil: 1.fiye; jJ 2. mywpaJ
3.gbj; jhd; 4.gUfpdhd; .
141. tha;nkhopahf tpil $Wf.(Mk;
my; yJ ,y; iy)
eNue;jpuehj; Jzpr;ry; kpf;ftd;
(Mk; > ,y; iy)
Mk;
,ay; - 4
nra;As; - ,iraKJ
142. kioNa kioNa th th vd; w
,iraKJ vd; w ghliy vOjpatH
ahH?
Gul; rpf; ftpQH ghujpjhrd;
143. nrhw;nghUs;
1. thdg;Gdy; - thdj;J ePH
2. Gdy; - ePH
3. itaj; J mKJ - g+kpapd; mKjk;
4. itak; - cyfk; >g+kp
5. jfug;ge;jy; - jfuj;jpy; Nghlg;
gl;l ge;jy;
6. nghb - kfue;jg;nghb
7. jio - nrb
8. jioahntg; gk; - ngUFk; ntg; gk;
Fiwahj ntg; gk; vd; Wk;
nghUs; nfhs;syhk;
9. jiof; fTk; - FiwaTk;
144. Gul; rpf; ftpQH vd; Wk; ghNte; jH
vd; Wk; Gfog; gLgtH ahH?
ghujp jhrd;
145. ghujpjhrd; vd;gtupd; ,aw;ngaH?
fdfRg; Guj; jp dk;
146. ghujpapd; ftpij kPJ nfhz;l
fhjyhy; jk; Kila ngaiu
khw;wpf;nfhz;ltH ahH?
ghujp jhrd;
147. fdf Rg; Guj; jpd ftpij E}y; fs; ?
1. ghz; bad; gupR
2. mofpd; rpupg; G
3. FLk; gtpsf; F
148. Gul; rpf; ftpQH ghujpjhrdpd; tho; e; j
fhyk; .
29.4.1891 Kjy; 21.4.1964 tiu
gonkhop ehD}W
149. Mw;wTk; fw;whH mwpTilahH
vd; w gonkhop ehD}W ghliy
ghbatH ahH?
Kd; Wiw miuadhH
150. Nghjp a E}y; fis ep iwthff;
fw;wtH ahH?
mwp TilahH
151. mwpTilahupd; Gfo; ve; j jpirfspy;
guTk;?
ehd; F jpirfspYk;
152. nrhw;nghUs;
1. Mw; wTk; - epiwthf
2. ehw;wpir - ehd;F+jpir
3. jkNtahk; - jk; Kila ehNl
MFk;
4. Mw; Wzh - MW+czh
5. MW - top
6. czh - czT (topeil
czT ,jidf; fl;Lr;NrhW
vd; W ,f; fhyj; jpy; nrhy; Nthk; )
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13
153. gonkhop ehD}W ve; j E}y; fSs;
xd; W.
gjpndz; fPo; f; fzf; F E}y; fs;
154. ehD}W ghly; fisf; nfhz; l E}y;
vJ?
gonkhop ehD}W
155. gonkhop ehD}W vd; Dk; ghlypy;
tUk; gonkhop Mw; Wzh Ntz; LtJ
,y; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
fw; wtDf; Ff; fl; Lr; NrhW
Ntz; lhk;
156. gonkhop ehD}w; wpd; MrpupaH ahH?
Kd; Wiw miuadhH
157. Kd; Wiw vd; gJ vd; d?
CHg; ngaH
158. miuad; vd; w nrhy; ___ Fwpf; Fk;
muridf;
159. Mw; Wzh - MW + czh
ciueil
kfs; ,e; jpuhTf; F
NeU vOjpa fbjk;
160. ekJ ,e;jpa ehl;bd; tpLjiyf;
fhfg; ghLgl; l jiytHfspy; xUtH
[tfHyhy; NeU
161. ek; ehL tpLjiy ngw; wgpd; Kjy;
gpujkuhfg; nghWg;Ngw;wtH ahH?
[tfHyhy; NeU
162. [tfHyhy; NeUtpd; md; G kfs; ahH?
,e; jpuh fhe; jp
163. ,e; jp uhfhe; jp f; Ff; fbjq; fis
vj;jid Mz; Lfs; NeU vOjpf;
nfhz; bUe; jhH?
1922 Mk; Mz; L Kjy; 1964
Mk; Mz; L tiu 42 Mz; Lfs;
fbjq; fs; vOjpdhH.
164. NeU ntspehL nrd;w nghOJk;
,e; jp ahtp y; ,Ue; j nghOJk;
ahUf;Ff; fbjk; vOjpdhH?
kfs; ,e; jpuhfhe; jpf; F
165. ,e; jpuhfhe; jp ve; j fy; Y}upy; NrUk;
NghJ NeU fbjk; vOjpdhH?
jh$upd; tpRtghujp fy; Y}up
166. tpRtghujp ve; j ,lj; jpy; cs; sJ?
Nkw;F tq;fhsj;jpy;
167. NeU ve;jg; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy;
gapd;whH?
Nfk; gpupl; [;
168. mw; Gjkhd Mq; fpyg; gilg; ghspfs;
ahH?
Nrf; ]; gpaH> kpy; ld;
169. Gj;jfq;fisg; gw;wp NeU> ,e;jpuh
fhe;jpaplk; $wpaJ?
gpNsl; Nlhtpd; Gj; jfq; fs; Ritah
dit@ rpe; jidiaj; J}z; Lgit
170. ,e; jpuhfhe; jp NeUtplk; ve; j ehtiy
thrpf;fg; Nghtjhfr; nrhd;dhH?
lhy; ]; lhap d; Ngh Uk;
mikjpAk;
171. cyfpd; kpfr; rpwe; j E}y; fSs; xd; W.
lhy; ]; lhapd; NghUk; mikjpAk;
172. ehk; Vd; Gj; jfk; thrpf; f Ntz; Lk; ?
mwpT ngWtjw; fhf> kfpo; r; rp
miltjw; fhf.
173. Nfk;gpupl;[; - ,q;fpyhe;jpYs;s
gy; fiyf; fofk;
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174. Nrf; ]; gpaH Mq; fpy ehlf MrpupaH
175. kpy;ld; - Mq;fpyf;ftpQH
176. gpNsl; Nlh - fpNuf; fr; rpe; jidahsH
177. fhspjhrH - tlnkhop ehlf MrpupaH
178. lhy; ]; lha; - ,u\; a ehl; L vOj; jhsH
179. ngHdhHl; \h - Mq; fpy ehlf MrpupaH
180. ngl; uz; l; u]; ]y; - rpe; jidahsH:
fy;tpahsH
181. my;Nkhuh rpiw - cj;juhQ;ry;
khepyj; jpy; cs; sJ
182. fpUgshdp - tpRtghujpapy; gzpGupe; j
xU NguhrpupaH
183. kuKk; jioAk; vd;w njhlupy;
jio vd; gJ ______ Fwpj; jJ
nrbnfhbiaf;
184. MW vd; w nrhy; Yf; Fj; jhd;
vj; jid nghUs; fs; ?
MW - XH vz; (6)
MW - ejp
MW - top
185. ,ul;ilf;fpstp vd;gJ vd;d?
,ul;il vd;why; ,uz;L
fpstp vd; why; nrhy;
186. ,ul;ilf;fpstpf;F v.fh jUf?
jz jz> fz fz
187. xw;iwf;nfhk;G> ,ul;ilf;nfhk;G
fPNo fhz;Nghk;
xw; iwf; nfhk; G Fwpy;
r; + v + nr = nrb
,ul;ilf;nfhk;G - neby;
t; + V + Nt = Nty;
xw; iwf; nfhk; G Jiz vOj; J Fwpy;
g; + x + ngh = nghUs;
,ul; ilf; nfhk; G Jiz vOj; J
neby;
j; + X + Njh = Njhy;tp
188. NeUtpd; JiztpahH ngaH vd; d?
fkyh NeU
189. ,e; jpuhfhe; jpf; F NeU ve; j ,lj; jpy;
,Ue;J fbjj;ij vOjpdhH.
NeU ,e; jpuhfhe; jpf; F> my; Nkhuh
khtl; lr; rpiwr; rhiyapypUe; J
vOjp dhH.
190. ,e; jpuhfhe; jp gbj; j gy; fiyf; fofk;
vJ? mJ vq; Fs; sJ?
,e; jpuhfhe; jp Mf; ]; NghHL gy; fiyf;
fofj; jpy; gbj; jhH> ,q; fpyhe; jpy;
cs;sJ.
191. NeU ,e; jp aj; jp Ueh l; bd;
tp Ljiyf; fhf> ve; j Mz; by;
gy; NtW tpLjiyg; Nghuhl; lq; fspy;
<Lgl; lhH?
1921 Mk; Mz; L
192. mz; zy; fhe; jpabfspd; jiyik
apy; NeU ve;jg; Nghuhl;lq;fspy;
jPtpukha;g; gq;Nfw;whH?
mwg; Nghuhl; lk;
193. rpiwr; rhiyapy; NeUtpd; ez; gdha;
,Ue;jJ vJ?
Gj; jfk;
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8
,lk; Nehf; fp tutiof; fp wJ.
gopthq; f> ghk; Gfs; tUtjpy; iy
ghk; G jd; ehf; if mbf; fb
ntspNa eP l; Lk; . Rw; Wg; Gwj; jpd;
thridia mwpe; J nfhs; sj; jhd;
ghk; G mt; thW nra; fpwJ.
ey;y ghk;gpd; eQ;R Nfhg;uhf;rpd;
(Cobrozin) vDk; typePf;fp kUe;J
jahupf; fg; gad; gLfpwJ. ,e; jpa
muR tdtp yq; Fg; ghJfhg; Gr;
rl;lk; 1972 ,d; gb> NjhYf;fhfg;
ghk; Gfs; nfhy; yg; gLtijj; jLf; f
rl;lk; epiwNtw;wp cs;sJ.
90. capH vOj; Jfs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
gd; dpuz; L. m> M> ,> <> c>
C> v> V> I> x> X> xs.
91. nka; vOj; Jfs; vj; jid? mit
ahit?
gjpndl; L. f; > q; > r; > Q; > l; > z; > j; >
e; > g; > k; > a; > H> y; > t; > o; > s; > w; > d; .
92. jkp op Ys; s Kjy; vOj; Jfs;
nkhj; jk; vj; jid?
Kg; gJ
93. md; whl Ngr; rpYk; > vOj; jpYk; > ve; j
vOj;Jfs; gad;gLfpd;wd?
fp> rp> gp> b> jp> kp.
capnuOj;J 12
nka;naOj;J 18
capH nka; vOj;J 216
Ma; j vOj; J 1
nkhj; jk; 247
94. Fwpy; vOj; Jfs; vj; jid mit
ahit?
Ie; J. m> ,> c> v> x
95. Fwpy; vOj; Jfs; nka; vOj; Jf;
fNshL NrUk; NghJ___ vOj; Jfs;
cz; lhfpd; wd.
capH nka; f; Fwpy;
96. neby; vOj; Jfs; vj; jid? mit
ahit?
M> <> C> V> I> X> xs
97. neby; vOj;Jfs;> nka;naOj;Jf;
fNshL NrUk; NghJ vOj;Jfs;
cz; lhfpd; wd.
cap Hnka; neby;
98. fP o; f; fhZk; nrhw; fisf; nfhz; L
thf; fpaq; fis mikf; fTk; .
1. fy; - rp w; gq; fs; fy; yp y;
nrJf; fg; gLk;
2. fhy; - Nrw; W epyj; jpy; fhiy
mOe; j Cd; wp nkJtha; elf; f
Ntz; Lk;
3. Fil - ntapypypUe; Jk; kioap
ypUe; Jk; ek; ikf; fhg; gJ> Fil
4. $il - %q; fpy; fshy; $ilfs;
Kilag; gLfp d; wd
99. NrHj;J vOJf
1. kzk; + cz; L = kzKz; L
2. rpyH + mOthH = rpyuOthH
3. Gfo; + ,oe; Njd; = Gfopoe; Njd;
100. gpupj; J vOJf
1. ,Uk; ghzpfs; - ,Uk; G + Mzpfs;
2. nfhy; yUiy - nfhy; yH + ciy
3. Ntwpy; iy - NtW + ,y; iy
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101. ey; y jkpo; r; nrhw; fis mwpNthk;
1. tha; f; fhy; - Mw; wp d; xU
rpWfpisNa tha; f; fhy; MFk;
2. nra; - ed;nra; epyq;fspy;
ney;Yk; fUk;Gk; kpFjpaha;
tpisAk;
3. tz; ik - nghUs; ,y; yhjtHf; Ff;
nfhLf; Fk; tz; ikf; Fzk;
vy; yhUf; Fk; Ntz; Lk;
4. Qhyk; - ,e; j Qhyj; jp y;
cs; NshH midtUk; ek; cwtpdNu
102. gpd; tUk; epfo; TfSf; fhd fhuzj; ijf;
fz;lwpe;J vOJf
1. kdpjHfs; ahidia Ntl; il
ahlf; fhuzk; - je; jk;
2. cyfk; ntg; gkilaf; fhuzk;
- thfdg; Gif
3. MWfs; khrilaf; fhuzk; -
njhopw; rhiyf; fopT
4. kio Fiwaf; fhuzk; -
fhLfs; mopg; G
vOj; Jf; fSk; cwTk;
103. jd; vOj; Jld; kl; Lk; NrUk;
vOj; Jfs; cldpiynka; k; kaf; fk;
v.fh gf; fk; > mr; rk;
104. jd; vOj; Jld; NruhJ gp w
vOj; Jf; fSld; NrUk; vOj; Jfs; .
Ntw; W epiy nka; k; kaf; fk;
v.fh. rhHG> tho; f; if
,ay; 3
nra; As; - ehd; kzpf; fbif
105. kidf; F tp sf; fk; klths;
vd; Dk; ehd; kzpf; fbifg; ghliy
ghbatH ahH?
tp sk; gp ehfdhH
106. nrhw;nghUs;
1. klths; - ngz;
2. jifrhy; - gz;gpy; rpwe;j
3. kdf; fpdpa - kdj; Jf; F ,dpa
4. fhjy; Gjy; tH - md; Gkf; fs;
5. Xjpd; - vJntd; W nrhy; Yk;
NghJ
6. Gfo;rhy; - Gfioj;jUk;
7. czHT - ey;nyz;zk;
107. ehd; kzpf; fbif ve; j E}y; fSs;
xd; W.
108. FLk; gj; jpd; tpsf; F ahH?
ngz;
109. fbif vd; gJ
mzpfyd; ( eif)
110. ehd; kzpf; fbif vd; gjd; nghUs; .
ehd; F kzpfs; nfhz; l mzpfyd;
111. ehd; kzpf; fbifapd; MrpupaH ahH?
tp sk; gp ehfdhH
112. tpsk; gp - CHg; ngaH@ ehfdhH
vd;gJ Gytupd; ,aw;ngaH
ciueil
MuhNuh MupuNuh
113. vOj;J topahf tuhky; ghbg;ghb
tha;topahfg; guTfpw ghl;L vJ?
ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghl; L
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114. Foe; ijiaj; jha; njhl; bypypl; Lg;
ghLk; ghl; Lf; F ngaH vd; d?
jhyhl; Lg; ghly;
115. Kw; fhyj; jpy; jhyhl; Lg; ghly; fis
vt; thW $wp te; jhHfs; ?
fpuhkpag; ghly; fs;
116. nrd;id Nghd;w ngU efuq;fspy;
kf; fs; ghLk; _____ $l ehl; Lg; Gwg;
ghly;.
fhdhg; ghly;
117. flYf; Fr; nrd; W kP d; gpbf; Fk;
kP dtHfs; vd; d ghl; L ghLthHfs; .
ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghly;
118. ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghly; fisf; fP o; f;
fhZk; tiffshfg; gpupf;fyhk;:
jhyhl; Lg; ghly; fs;
tp isahl; Lg; ghly; fs;
njhopy; ghly; fs;
rlq; Fg; ghly; fs;
nfhz; lhl; lg; ghly; fs;
top ghl; Lg; ghly; fs;
xg; ghupg; ghly; fs;
119. gpwe; j Foe; ijf; fhfg; ghLk; ghly;
vJ?
jhyhl; Lg; ghly;
120. nfhQ; rk; tsHe; j gps; isfs; ghLk;
ghly; vJ?
tp isahl; Lg; ghly;
121. fisg;G ePq;f> Ntiy nra;NthH
ghLtJ vJ?
njhopy; ghly;
122. jpUkzk; kw; Wk; gpw epfo; Tfspy;
ghLtJ vJ?
rlq; Fg; ghly; > nfhz; lhl; lg;
ghly; fs;
123. rhkp Fk; gpLNthH ghLk; ghly; vJ?
top ghl; Lg; ghly;
124. ,we;NjhUf;Fg; ghLk; ghly; vJ?
xg; ghup g; ghly; fs;
Jizg; ghlk;
tPur; rpWtd;
125. kf; fs; neUf; fk; kpFe; j efuk; vJ?
nfhy; fj; jh
vOj; jhsH [hdfp kzhsd;
vd; ghUila mwpit tsHf; Fk;
mw; Gjf; fijfs; vd; Dk;
E} yp yp Ue; J ,r; rp Wfij
vLj;jhsg;gl;Ls;sJ.
126. tpy;ypypUe;J Gwg;gl;l mk;igg;
Nghyg; gha;e;J rhiyf;F te;jtH
ahH?
tp Ntfhde; jH.
127. gpw; fhyj; jpy; cyfk; Gfo caHe; j
Rthkp ahH?
tp Ntfhde; jH
128. tpNtfhde;jupd; kWngaH vd;d?
eNue; jp uehj;
ehl;Lg;Gwj; jkpo; mwpNthk;
129. Nfhopaf; Nfl; lh Mdk; fhr; Rthq; f...?
Mdk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
Fok; G
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11
130. msf; Fw ehopf; F mftpiy njupAkh?
ehop vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
jhdpaq; fis msf; Fk; gb
131. mftpiy vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
jhdpa tpiy
132. jpwe; j tP l; Lf; Fj; jpwTNfhy; vJf; F?
jpwTNfhy; vd; gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
rhtp
133. xw; W vdg; gLtJ ahJ?
nka; naOj; J
134. xw;nwOj;ijr; NrHj;J vOJf
ghliy+nrhd;Ndd; = ghliyr;
nrhd; Ndd;
flTis+fz;Nld; = flTisf;
fz; Nld;
goj; ij+jpd; Nwd; = goj; ijj;
jp d; Nwd;
fz; zDf; F+nfhLj; Njd; =
fz; zDf; Ff; nfhLj; Njd;
kJiu f; F+nry; Nth k; =
kJiuf; Fr; nry; Nthk;
135. rupahd nrhw; fisj; NjHe; njLj; Jr;
nrhw;nwhliu epug;Gq;fs;.
1. ky; ypif ______ tPrpaJ
2. g+kpia ______ tUNtd;
3. ______gJq; fpg; ghAk;
4. Kfj; jpy; ______KWty; Ntz; Lk;
5. eha; ______ epkpuhJ
1. kzk; > 2. tyk; > 3. Gyp>
4. Gd;> 5.thy;
136. jkpo; r; nrhw; fs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
jkpo; r; nrhw; fs; ehd; F tifg; gLk;
1. ngaHr; nrhy;
2. tpidr;nrhy;
3. ,ilr; nrhy; 4. cupr; nrhy;
137. nry; tp te; jhs; vd; w nrhw; nwhlupy;
ngaHr;nrhy; vJ? tpidr;nrhy;
vJ?
nry; tp vd; gJ ngaHr; nrhy;
te; jhs; vd; gJ tpidr; nrhy;
cs; s ngaHr; nrhy; fisAk; tpidr;
nrhw; fisAk; Rl; Lf.
ngaHr; tpidr;
nrhy; nrhy;
1. kuk; MbaJ kuk; MbaJ
2. ,UtH ghbdH ,UtH ghbdH
3. nra; jp guTk; nra; jp guTk;
4. Fkud; tUfpwhd; Fkud; tUfpwhd;
139. fP o; f; fhZk; nrhw; nwhlHfsp d;
nghUj; jkhd ngaHr; nrhy; iy ,l; L
epug;Gf.
1. ______ J}q;fpdhd;
2. ______ g+j; jJ
3. ______ fpupf;nfl;by; ntw;wp
ngw; wJ
4. ______ mOjhs;
tpil: 1. ghz; bad; 2) ky; ypif>
3) ,e;jpah 4) kzpNkfiy
nghUj; jkhd tp idr; nrhy; iy
,l;L epug;Gf.
1. $l;lk; ______
2. Me; ij ______
3. tpd;nrd;l; ghlk; ______
4. KfkJ jz; zP H ______
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12
tpil: 1.fiye; jJ 2. mywpaJ
3.gbj; jhd; 4.gUfpdhd; .
141. tha;nkhopahf tpil $Wf.(Mk;
my; yJ ,y; iy)
eNue;jpuehj; Jzpr;ry; kpf;ftd;
(Mk; > ,y; iy)
Mk;
,ay; - 4
nra;As; - ,iraKJ
142. kioNa kioNa th th vd; w
,iraKJ vd; w ghliy vOjpatH
ahH?
Gul; rpf; ftpQH ghujpjhrd;
143. nrhw;nghUs;
1. thdg;Gdy; - thdj;J ePH
2. Gdy; - ePH
3. itaj; J mKJ - g+kpapd; mKjk;
4. itak; - cyfk; >g+kp
5. jfug;ge;jy; - jfuj;jpy; Nghlg;
gl;l ge;jy;
6. nghb - kfue;jg;nghb
7. jio - nrb
8. jioahntg; gk; - ngUFk; ntg; gk;
Fiwahj ntg; gk; vd; Wk;
nghUs; nfhs;syhk;
9. jiof; fTk; - FiwaTk;
144. Gul; rpf; ftpQH vd; Wk; ghNte; jH
vd; Wk; Gfog; gLgtH ahH?
ghujp jhrd;
145. ghujpjhrd; vd;gtupd; ,aw;ngaH?
fdfRg; Guj; jp dk;
146. ghujpapd; ftpij kPJ nfhz;l
fhjyhy; jk; Kila ngaiu
khw;wpf;nfhz;ltH ahH?
ghujp jhrd;
147. fdf Rg; Guj; jpd ftpij E}y; fs; ?
1. ghz; bad; gupR
2. mofpd; rpupg; G
3. FLk; gtpsf; F
148. Gul; rpf; ftpQH ghujpjhrdpd; tho; e; j
fhyk; .
29.4.1891 Kjy; 21.4.1964 tiu
gonkhop ehD}W
149. Mw;wTk; fw;whH mwpTilahH
vd; w gonkhop ehD}W ghliy
ghbatH ahH?
Kd; Wiw miuadhH
150. Nghjp a E}y; fis ep iwthff;
fw;wtH ahH?
mwp TilahH
151. mwpTilahupd; Gfo; ve; j jpirfspy;
guTk;?
ehd; F jpirfspYk;
152. nrhw;nghUs;
1. Mw; wTk; - epiwthf
2. ehw;wpir - ehd;F+jpir
3. jkNtahk; - jk; Kila ehNl
MFk;
4. Mw; Wzh - MW+czh
5. MW - top
6. czh - czT (topeil
czT ,jidf; fl;Lr;NrhW
vd; W ,f; fhyj; jpy; nrhy; Nthk; )
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153. gonkhop ehD}W ve; j E}y; fSs;
xd; W.
gjpndz; fPo; f; fzf; F E}y; fs;
154. ehD}W ghly; fisf; nfhz; l E}y;
vJ?
gonkhop ehD}W
155. gonkhop ehD}W vd; Dk; ghlypy;
tUk; gonkhop Mw; Wzh Ntz; LtJ
,y; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
fw; wtDf; Ff; fl; Lr; NrhW
Ntz; lhk;
156. gonkhop ehD}w; wpd; MrpupaH ahH?
Kd; Wiw miuadhH
157. Kd; Wiw vd; gJ vd; d?
CHg; ngaH
158. miuad; vd; w nrhy; ___ Fwpf; Fk;
muridf;
159. Mw; Wzh - MW + czh
ciueil
kfs; ,e; jpuhTf; F
NeU vOjpa fbjk;
160. ekJ ,e;jpa ehl;bd; tpLjiyf;
fhfg; ghLgl; l jiytHfspy; xUtH
[tfHyhy; NeU
161. ek; ehL tpLjiy ngw; wgpd; Kjy;
gpujkuhfg; nghWg;Ngw;wtH ahH?
[tfHyhy; NeU
162. [tfHyhy; NeUtpd; md; G kfs; ahH?
,e; jpuh fhe; jp
163. ,e; jp uhfhe; jp f; Ff; fbjq; fis
vj;jid Mz; Lfs; NeU vOjpf;
nfhz; bUe; jhH?
1922 Mk; Mz; L Kjy; 1964
Mk; Mz; L tiu 42 Mz; Lfs;
fbjq; fs; vOjpdhH.
164. NeU ntspehL nrd;w nghOJk;
,e; jp ahtp y; ,Ue; j nghOJk;
ahUf;Ff; fbjk; vOjpdhH?
kfs; ,e; jpuhfhe; jpf; F
165. ,e; jpuhfhe; jp ve; j fy; Y}upy; NrUk;
NghJ NeU fbjk; vOjpdhH?
jh$upd; tpRtghujp fy; Y}up
166. tpRtghujp ve; j ,lj; jpy; cs; sJ?
Nkw;F tq;fhsj;jpy;
167. NeU ve;jg; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy;
gapd;whH?
Nfk; gpupl; [;
168. mw; Gjkhd Mq; fpyg; gilg; ghspfs;
ahH?
Nrf; ]; gpaH> kpy; ld;
169. Gj;jfq;fisg; gw;wp NeU> ,e;jpuh
fhe;jpaplk; $wpaJ?
gpNsl; Nlhtpd; Gj; jfq; fs; Ritah
dit@ rpe; jidiaj; J}z; Lgit
170. ,e; jpuhfhe; jp NeUtplk; ve; j ehtiy
thrpf;fg; Nghtjhfr; nrhd;dhH?
lhy; ]; lhap d; Ngh Uk;
mikjpAk;
171. cyfpd; kpfr; rpwe; j E}y; fSs; xd; W.
lhy; ]; lhapd; NghUk; mikjpAk;
172. ehk; Vd; Gj; jfk; thrpf; f Ntz; Lk; ?
mwpT ngWtjw; fhf> kfpo; r; rp
miltjw; fhf.
173. Nfk;gpupl;[; - ,q;fpyhe;jpYs;s
gy; fiyf; fofk;
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14
174. Nrf; ]; gpaH Mq; fpy ehlf MrpupaH
175. kpy;ld; - Mq;fpyf;ftpQH
176. gpNsl; Nlh - fpNuf; fr; rpe; jidahsH
177. fhspjhrH - tlnkhop ehlf MrpupaH
178. lhy; ]; lha; - ,u\; a ehl; L vOj; jhsH
179. ngHdhHl; \h - Mq; fpy ehlf MrpupaH
180. ngl; uz; l; u]; ]y; - rpe; jidahsH:
fy;tpahsH
181. my;Nkhuh rpiw - cj;juhQ;ry;
khepyj; jpy; cs; sJ
182. fpUgshdp - tpRtghujpapy; gzpGupe; j
xU NguhrpupaH
183. kuKk; jioAk; vd;w njhlupy;
jio vd; gJ ______ Fwpj; jJ
nrbnfhbiaf;
184. MW vd; w nrhy; Yf; Fj; jhd;
vj; jid nghUs; fs; ?
MW - XH vz; (6)
MW - ejp
MW - top
185. ,ul;ilf;fpstp vd;gJ vd;d?
,ul;il vd;why; ,uz;L
fpstp vd; why; nrhy;
186. ,ul;ilf;fpstpf;F v.fh jUf?
jz jz> fz fz
187. xw;iwf;nfhk;G> ,ul;ilf;nfhk;G
fPNo fhz;Nghk;
xw; iwf; nfhk; G Fwpy;
r; + v + nr = nrb
,ul;ilf;nfhk;G - neby;
t; + V + Nt = Nty;
xw; iwf; nfhk; G Jiz vOj; J Fwpy;
g; + x + ngh = nghUs;
,ul; ilf; nfhk; G Jiz vOj; J
neby;
j; + X + Njh = Njhy;tp
188. NeUtpd; JiztpahH ngaH vd; d?
fkyh NeU
189. ,e; jpuhfhe; jpf; F NeU ve; j ,lj; jpy;
,Ue;J fbjj;ij vOjpdhH.
NeU ,e; jpuhfhe; jpf; F> my; Nkhuh
khtl; lr; rpiwr; rhiyapypUe; J
vOjp dhH.
190. ,e; jpuhfhe; jp gbj; j gy; fiyf; fofk;
vJ? mJ vq; Fs; sJ?
,e; jpuhfhe; jp Mf; ]; NghHL gy; fiyf;
fofj; jpy; gbj; jhH> ,q; fpyhe; jpy;
cs;sJ.
191. NeU ,e; jp aj; jp Ueh l; bd;
tp Ljiyf; fhf> ve; j Mz; by;
gy; NtW tpLjiyg; Nghuhl; lq; fspy;
<Lgl; lhH?
1921 Mk; Mz; L
192. mz; zy; fhe; jpabfspd; jiyik
apy; NeU ve;jg; Nghuhl;lq;fspy;
jPtpukha;g; gq;Nfw;whH?
mwg; Nghuhl; lk;
193. rpiwr; rhiyapy; NeUtpd; ez; gdha;
,Ue;jJ vJ?
Gj; jfk;
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15
,ay; -5
nra;As; - rpj;jH
ghly;
194. itNjhiu $l itahNj vd; w
rpj;jH ghly; ghbatH ahH?
fLntsp r; rp j; jH
195. nrhw;nghUs;
1.nta; a tpid - Jd; gk; jUk; nray;
2 Ntk;G - frg;ghdnrhw;fs;@
3. tP whg; G - ,Wkhg; G
4. gyupy; - gyH + ,y;> gyUila
tP Lfs;
5. Gfy; xz;zhNj - nry;yhNj
6. rhw; Wk; - Gfo; r; rpahfg; NgRtJ@
7. flk; - clk;G
196. rpj; jHfs; vj; jid Mz; LfSf; F
Kd; jkpofj; jpd; fhL kiyfspy;
tho;e;jtHfs;.
RkhH ehD}W Mz; LfSf; F Kd;
197. rpj; jHfspd; fhuzg; ngaHfs; ahJ?
ghk; ghl; br; rpj; jH> Fjk; igr; rpj; jH>
mOFzpr; rpj; jH.
198. cUt topghL nra;ahky; ntl;l
ntspiaNa flTshf topgl;ltH
ahH?
fLntsp r; rp j; jH
199. vspa nrhw; fspd; mwpTiufisr;
nrhd;dtH ahH?
fLntsp r; rp j; jH
ciueil
,sikapy; ngupahH Nfl;l
Nfs; tp
200. ,uhkrhkp ap d; ngw; Nwhu; ngaH
vd;d?
ntq; flg; gUf; Fk; - rp d; dj;
jhak; khs;
201. nrhe; jkhfr; rpe; jpj; Jg; Gupe; J
nfhs;s epidf;fpwtH ahH?
,uhkrhkp
202. ,uhkrhkpapd; CH vJ?
<NuhL
203. jkpofj; jpd; kpfg; ngupa rpe; jid
ahsH ahH?
,uhkrhkp
204. ,uhkrhkp vd; w ngaiu vt; thW
miog;ghH?
ngup ahH <.nt.uh
205. ngupahH <.nt.uh. tho;e;j fhyk;
KOtJk; ______ f; Nf Kjyplk;
nfhLj;jhH.
mwp Tf; Nf
206. mwpitg; gad; gLj; jp vJ rup> vJ
jtW vd; W rpe; jpj; Nj KbntLf; f
Ntz;Lk; vd;W nrhd;dtH ahH?
ngup ahH
207. rhjp Vw; wj; jho; TfisAk; kj
khWghl;ilAk; mfw;w Ntz;Lk;
vd;wtH ahH?
ngup ahH
208. ngupahH xU rq;fKk; mikj;jhH
mjd; ngaH vd;d?
gFj; jwpthsH rq; fk;
209. ,sk; tajpNyNa ngupahH ahUld;
njhz; L Gupe; jtH?
kfhj; kh fhe; jp
210. ngupahH ve; jf; fl; rpapy; NrHe; jhH?
fhq; fp u]; fl; rp
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211. fs; Sf; fil kwpaypy; <Lgl; ltH ahH?
ngup ahH
212. fs; ,wf; fhky; jLg; gjw; fhfj;
jdJ Njhg;gpypUe;j midj;Jj;
njd; id kuq; fisAk; ntl; br;
rha;j;jtH ahH?
ngup ahH
213. ngupahH gpwg;gpdhy; tUk; ve;j
rhjp NtWghLfis mfw; wpdhH.
fPo; r; rhjp- Nky; rhjp
214. kf; fs; midtUk; vd; Dk; Xupdkhf
vz; zNtz; Lnkd; whH.
kdp jrhjp
215. fjH mzpa Ntz; Lk; vd; W gpur; rhuk;
nra; jJld; > jdJ Njhspy; fjHj;
Jzpfisr; Rke;J tpw;wtH ahH?
ngup ahH
216. Nfushtpy; ve;j Cupy; jho;j;jg;
gl; l kf; fs; Nfhtpy; Rw; Wj; njUtpy;
elg;gjw;Fj; jil ,Ue;jJ.
itf; fk;
217. jho; j; jg; gl; l kf; fSf; fhf itf; fk;
vd;Dk; Cupy; ngupahH Nghuhb
ntw; wp ngw; wjhy; kf;fs; vt; thW
mioj; jdH?
itf;fk; tPuH
218. ngupahH vy; yhUf; Fk; vJ mtrpak;
vd;whH?
fy; tp
219. ngz; fSf; F vd; d Kf; fpak; vd; W
ngupahH $wpdhH?
mwpTk; > RakupahijAk;
220. jha;khHfs; ,uhkrhkpf;F vd;d
gl;lk; toq;fpdhHfs;?
ngup ahH
221. ngz; tpLjiyf; Fg; gpd; ngz; fs;
fy; tp fw; fNtz; Lk; vd; W
typAWj;jpatH ahH?
ngup ahH
222. ngu p ah H ngz; fis ve; j
tpisahl; Lf; fisf; fw; Wf; nfhs; s
Ntz; Lk; vd; whH?
ky; Aj; jk; > Fj; Jr; rz; il
223. ngupahH ve;j murhq;fg;gzpapy;
ngz;fSk; NruNtz;Lk; vd;whH.
,uhZtk; > fhty; Jiw
224. ngupahH ve; j tajpYk; $lg; Gjpa
rpe; jidfis vLj; Jf; $wpdhH?
njhz; Z}w; iwe; J taJ
225. ngupahH ve;j Mz;L gpwe;jhH?
17.09.1879 ,y; gpwe; jhH.
226. ngupahH ve; j Mz; L kiwe; jhH?
24.12.1973
227. ngup ahH jk; tho; ehsp y; 8600
ehs;fs;> 13>12>000 fpNyh kPl;lH
J}uk; gazk; nra; J> 10>700
$l; lq; fspy; 21>400 kzp Neuk;
kf; fSf; fhf ciuahw; wpr; r%fj;
njhz; lhw; wpdhH.
228. 1970 Mk; Mz;L r%fr;rPHjpUj;jr;
nray; ghLfSf; fhf If; fpaehLfs;
mitapy; ve; j tpUJ ngupahUf; F
toq;fg;gl;lJ.
And]; Nfh tpUJ
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17
229. ve; j Mz; L eLtz; mu R
ngup ahup d; cUtk; nghwp j; j
mQ; ry; jiyia ntspapl; Lr;
rpwg; gpj; Js; sJ.
1978 Mk; Mz; L
,yf; fzk;
230. gp iofs;
1) xw; Wg; gpiofs;
flikia nra; @ gyidNfs;
kurhkhd; fs; thliff; F fpilf; Fk;
2) Fwpy; neby; gpiofs;
rhg;ghL jhahH
gs;spf;Flk; mUfpy; cs;sJ
3) JiznaOj; Jg; gpiofs; (n>
N> d;)
kUj;Jtkd ghFk; thop
,q; F gl; L rhy; ypj; jug; ghLk;
4) kaq; nfhypg; gpio
,Urf; fu thfdk; gYJ ghHf; fg; gLk;
jpdrup gfs; fhl;rp cz;L.
231. kWj; jy; fSf; Ff; Fwpg; G
1. kWj; jy; vd; gJ mfk; ghtk; ,y; iy
2. kWj; jy; vd; gJ gzpahik md; W
3. jtwhd fUj; Jf; fis kWj; jhy;
jhd; ehk; tsu KbAk;
4. Jzp r; ryp d; milahsk;
jtwhdtw; iw kWg; gJ
5. %lek; gpf; iffis kWg; gJ
Kd; Ndw; wk;
6. kWg; gJ ngz; Zf; Fg; ghJfhg; G
7. kWj; jy; miu Fiwahf ,Ue; J
gad; ,y;iy@ cWjpahf ,Uf;f
Ntz; Lk; .
,ay; -6
nra;As; - GwehD}W
232. ehlhF xd;Nwh@ fhlhF xd;Nwh
vd; w GwehD}w; Wg; ghliyg;
ghbatH ahH?
xsitahH
233. nrhw; nghUs;
1. xd;Nwh - njhlUk; nrhy;
2. ehlhF xd; Nwh - ehlhf ,Ue; jhy;
vd;d my;yJ.... vdj; njhlUk;
3. mty; - gs; sk;
4. kpir - NkL
5. ey;iy - ed;whf ,Ug;gha;@
6. MltH - Mz; fs; (,q; F kdpjH
fisg; nghJthff; Fwpj; jJ)
234. GwehD}W- ,ijg; gpupj; J vOJf
Gwk; + ehd; F + E}W
235. GwehD}W ve; j E}y; fSs; xd; W?
vl; Lj; njhif E}y; fs;
236. E}y; Fwp g; G
,e; E}y; GytH gyH ,aw; wp a
ghly; fspd; njhFg; G. vl; Lj; njhif
Ak; gj; Jg; ghl; Lk; rq; f E}y; fSk;
rq; f ,yf; fpak; <uhapuk; Mz; Lfs;
gioik cilaJ. jkpoHfspd;
tuyhW> gz; ghL Mfpatw; iw mwpa
cjTk; E}yhfg; GwehD}W jpfo; fpwJ.
237. xsitahH ahH?
rq; fg; GytH
238. xsitahupd; ez;gd; ahH?
mjp akhd;
239. xsitahH mupaney;ypf;fdpia
ahuplk; ngw;wtH?
mjp akhdp lk;
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18
240. MrpupaH Fwpg; G:-
rq; f fhyj; jpy; ngz; ftpQH gyH
,Ue;jdH mtHfSs; kpFjpahd
ghly;fs; ghbatH xsitahH.
rq;fg;ghly; ghba xsitahUk;>
Mj; jp #b ghba xsitahUk;
xUtH my;yH@ NtW NtwhdtH.
GJf; ftp ij
jpz; izia ,bj; Jj;
njUthf; F!
241. cl; fhH ez; gh> eye; jhdh? eP
xJq;fp tho;tJ rupjhdh? vd;w
ghlypd; MrpupaH ahH?
jhuhghujp
242. ve; jf; ftpQH vOr; rpkpf; f ftpijfs;
vOJtjpy; ty; ytH?
ftp QH jhuhghujp
243. jkpof murpd; ey;yhrpupaH tpUJ
ngw;wtH ahH?
jhuhghujp
244. jhuhghujp ftp ijfs; ______
Kjypad ,tHjk; E}y; fSs; rpy.
Gjpa tpbay; fs; > ,J vq; fs; fpof; F
245. jhuhghujp tho;e;j fhyk;
26.02.1947 Kjy; 13.05.2000 tiu
ciueil
Njrpak; fhj;j nrk;ky;
246. mbikj;jis ePq;ff; fz;zPUk;
nre;ePUk; rpe;jpNahH ahH?
jkpofj; jpy; Rg; gpukzpa rpth>
t>Nt.R. IaH> fg; gNyhl; ba jkpod;
t.crp.> thQ; rpehjd; > jpUg; g+H
Fkud; > KjypNahH gRk; nghd;
Kj; Juhkyp q; fj; NjtH
247. Kj; Juhkyp q; fj; NjtH ve; j
khtl;lj;jpy; gpwe;jhH?
,uhkehjGuk;
248. Kj;Juhkypq;fj; Njtupd; CH?
gRk; nghd;
249. Kj; Juhkypq; fj; NjtH ve; j Mz; L>
ehspy; gpwe;jhH?
1908 Mk; Mz; L mf; NlhgHj;
jpq; fs; 30 Mk; ehs;
250. Kj;Juhkypq;fj;Njtupd; ngw;NwhH
ahH?
jpU. cf; fpughz; bj; NjtH>
jpUkjp. ,e;jpuhzp mk;ikahH.
251. Kj;Juhkypq;fj; Njtupd; MrpupaH
ahH?
Fiwtw thrpj; jhd; gps; is
252. Kj;Juhkypq;fj; NjtH njhlf;ff;
fy; tpia _____ fKjpapYs; s
njhlf;fg; gs;spapy; ngw;whH.
fpwpj; Jtg; ghjpupahHfsplk;
253. Kj; Juhkypq; fj; NjtH ve; j ve; jg;
gs; spfspy; gbj; jhH?
1. caHepiyg; gs; sp gRkiyapy;
gap d; whH.
2. If; fpaf; fpwpj; Jtg; gs; spapy;
3. ,uhkehjGuk; muR caHepiyg;
gs; spapy; gj; jhk; tFg; Gg; gbj; jhH.
254. ,uhkehjGuj; jpy; gbj; Jf; nfhz; b
Uf;Fk; NghJ ve;j Neha; gutp
Kj; Juhkyp q; fj; NjtH fy; tp
epd; wJ.
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19
gpNsf; Neha;
255. ,uhkypq; fj; NjtH ve; jg; gl; lwpit
kpFjpahfg; ngw; whH?
gs;spg;gbg;G epd;whYk; Nfs;tp
awpitAk; gl; lwpitAk;
256. Kj;Juhkypq;fj;NjtH ve;j ,U
nkhopfspy; ty; yik ngw; wtH?
jkpo; > Mq; fpyk;
257. jkpo; > Mq; fpyk; nkhopfspy; _____
jpwd; ngw; wtH.
nrhw; nghopthw; Wk; jpwd;
258. ,uhkyp q; fj; NjtH vjid
fw; wwpe; jhH?
rpyk; gk; > FjpiuVw; wk; > Jg; ghf; fpr;
RLjy; > Nrhjplk; > kUj; Jtk; .
259. ,sikapNyNa _______ MHtq;
nfhz;lhH.
murp ayp y;
260. ,sik Kjw; nfhz; Nl nghJj;
njhz;by; <LghL cilatH ahH?
Kj; Juhkypq; fj; NjtH
Vohk; tFg;G ,ay; xd;W
nra;As; - tho;j;J
1) gz; zpid ,aw; if itj; j vdg;
njhlq; Fk; tho; j; Jg; ghliy
,aw;wpath; ahh;?
jp U.tp .fyp ahzRe; judhh;
2) nrhw; nghUs; :-
m) gz; - ,ir
M) tz; ik - nfhilj; jd; ik
,) Nghw;wp - tho;j;JfpNwd;
<) ,Uf;if - Mrdk;
3) jpU.tp.f vd; gjd; tphpthf; fk; vd; d?
jpUth&h; tpUj; jhrydhh; kfdhh;
fyp ahzRe; judhh; .
4) jpU.tp.f tpd; ngw; Nwhh; ngah; vd; d?
tpUj;jhrydhh; - rpd;dk;ikahh;
5) jpU.tp.fypahzRe; judhh; gpwe; j
Ch; vJ?
fhQ; rpGuk; khtl; lj; jpYs; s Js; sk; .
6) Js; sk; jw; nghOJ vt; thW
miof; fg; gLfpwJ?
jz; lyk; (,t; t+h; nrd; idia
mLj; Js; s Ngh&Uf; F Nkw; Nf
cs; sJ.)
7) jpU.tp.f tpd; rpwg; G:
,th; njhop yhsh; eyDf; Fk;
ngz; fs; Kd; Ndw; wj; jp w; Fk;
mauhJ ghLgl; lhh; . Nkilj; jkpOf; F
,yf; fzk; tFj; jhh; . ,thpd; jkpo;
eiliag; Nghw; wp j; jkp o; j;
njd; wy; vdr; rpwg; gpf; fg; gLfpwhh; .
8) jpU.tp.fypahzRe; judhh; gilg; Gfs;
ahit?
1 ) . kdp j tho; f; ifAk;
fhe; jpabfSk; > 2). ngz; zpd;
ngUik> 3). jkp o; j; njd; wy; >
4).chpik Ntl; if> 5). KUfd;
my; yJ moF> 6). rPh; jp Uj; jk;
my; yJ ,sik tp Ue; J> 7).
nghJik Ntl; ly; .
9) jpU.tp.f mth; fs; tho; e; j fhyk; vd; d?
26.08.1883 - 17.09.1953
10) jpU.tp.f ,aw; wpa tho; j; Jg; ghly;
ve; E}ypy; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ?
nghJik Ntl; ly;
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20
11) nghJik Ntl; ly; vd; Dk; E}y;
ve; jj; jiyg; gp y; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ?
Nghw; wp
12) nghJik Ntl; ly; vjidf; fle; J
cyfj; ij xU FLk; gkhff; fUJfpwJ?
ehL> kjk; > ,dk; > nkhop> epwk;
13) nja;tepr;rak; Kjyhfg; Nghw;wp
<whf vj; jid jiyg; Gfspy; cs; sJ?
ehw; gj; J ehd; F
14) nghJik Ntl; ly; vj; jid ghf; fshy;
MdJ?
ehD}w; W Kg; gJ
15) nrd; idap y; cs; s ve; jg;
gs;spapy; jkpohrphpauhf jpU.tp.f.
mth;fs; gzpahw;wpdhh;?
,uhag; Ngl; il nt]; yp gs; spapy;
16) ,iwtd; caphpy; itj; jJ vjid?
,iwtd; nfhilj; jd; ikia
caphpy; itj; jhh; .
17) ,iwtdpd; ,Uf;if ahJ?
,iwtdpd; ,Uf;if cz;ik.
jp Uf; Fws;
18) jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpath; ahh;?
jp Uts; Sth;
19) jpUts;Sthpd; ngw;Nwhh; ahh;?
jhapd; ngah; - Mjp
je;ijapd; ngah; - gftd;
20) jpUts; Sth; ve; j Chpy; gpwe; jhh; ?
kapyhg; g+h; (kJiu vd; Wk; $Wth; )
21) jpUts; Sth; ahuhy; tsh; f; fg; gl; lhh; ?
ts; Std; xUtdhy; tsh; f; fg; gl; lhh; .
22) ts;Sth; vd;why; nghUs; ahJ?
murUf; F me; juq; f MNyhrid
$Wk; Xh; cah;e;j mYtyh;
23) jpUts;Sthpd; kidtpapd; ngah;
vd;d?
thRfp
24) thRfp ahUila kfs;?
khh; f; frfhah; vd; Dk; Ntshshpd;
kfs;
25) jpUts; Sth; nra; j njhopy; vd; d?
nerTj; njhopy;
26) jpUts; Sthpd; NtW ngah; fs; vd; d?
ehadhh; > Njth; > Kjw; ghtyh; >
nja; tg; Gyth; > ehd; Kfd; >
khjhDgq; fp> nre; ehg; Nghjhh; >
ngUehtyh; > ngha; ap y; Gyth;
vd; gd
27) jpUts;Sth; fhyk; vJ?
fp.K. 31
28) kdpjd; kdpjdhf tho> kdpjd;
kdpjDf; Ff; $wpa mwpTiujhd;
------------- MFk; .
jpUf; Fws;
29) -------------- vd; Dk; milnkhopiag;
ngw; Wj; jpUf; Fws; vd toq; fg;
ngWfpwJ.
jp U
30) jpUf; Fws; vj; jid gphpTfisf;
nfhz;lJ? mit ahit?
%d; W gphpTfisf; nfhz; lJ.
mit:-
m. mwj; Jg; ghy;
M. nghUl; ghy;
,. ,d; gj; Jg; ghy;
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21
31) ,e; E}y; jpUf; Fws; vd; W vjdhy;
ngah; ngw;wJ?
jpU + Fws; . Nkd; ikahd Fws;
ntz; ghf; fshy; ,aw; wg; gl; ljhy;
,g; ngah; ngw; wJ.
32) jpUf; Fws; vj; jid mjpfhuq; fis
cilaJ.
133 mjpfhuq; fs;
33) jpUf; Fws; xt; nthU mjpfhuj; jpw; Fk;
vj; jid ghly; fis nfhz; lJ?
10
34) jpUf; Fws; vj; jid Fwl; ghf; fshy;
MdJ?
Mapuj; J Ke; E}w; W Kg; gJ
35) jpUf; Fws; -------------- E}y; fSs; xd; W
gjpndz; fPof; ; fzf; F
36) jpUf; Fws; Vd; cyfg; nghJkiw
vd; W toq; fg; ngWfpwJ?
cyfk; Vw; Fk; fUj; Jfisf;
nfhz; Ls; sjhy; ,t; thW toq; fg;
ngWfpwJ.
37) jpUf;Fws; vj;jid nkhopfspy;
nkhopngah; f; fg; ngw; Ws; sJ?
E}w; NwO nkhopfspy; (107)
38) jpUf; Fwspd; NtW ngah; fs; vd; d?
Kg; ghy; > cj; juNtjk; > nja; tE}y; >
jp Uts; Sth; > ngha; ahnkhop >
thAiw tho; j; J> jkp o; kiw>
nghJkiw vd; gd.
39) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. Giu - Fw; wk;
2. gaf; Fk; - jUk;
3. RLk; - tUj; Jk;
4. md; d - mit Nghy; td
5. va;ahik - tUe;jhky;
6. mfk; - cs; sk;
7. mikAk; - cz; lhFk;
40) jpUf;Fws; E}ypd; gad; ahJ?
jp Uf; Fws; fw; gjdhy; kdp j
tho; f; if nrk; ikAWk; . gz; Gfs;
tsUk;. cynfyhk; xd;nwDk;
cah; Fzk; Njhd; Wk; > kdpjh; fsp
ilNa NtWghLfs; kiwAk; >
vy; yh cap hp lj; Jk; md; G
jiof; Fk; .
41) cliy ePH J}a;ik nra;Ak;: -----
- - - - - - - - - cs; sj; J} a; ikia
ntspg;gLj;Jk;.
tha; ik
42) tha; ik vd; why; vd; d?
kw; wth; fSf; Fj; jP q; F juhj
nrhw; fisg; NgRjy; .
43) gphpj; J vOJf:-
1. ahnjdpd; - ahJ + vdpd;
2. ngha;ahnjhOfpd; - ngha;ahJ
+ xOfpd;
44) gpd; tUk; nrhw; fisr; nrhw; nwhlhpy;
mikf; f
1: ,aw;if
Fw; whyj; jpy; cs; s ,aw; iff;
fhl; rpfs; cs; sj; ijf; fth; fpd; wd.
2: ngz; ik
ghujpahh; ngz;ikiag; Nghw;wpg;
ghbAs;shh;
3: tha; ik
tha;ikNa nty;Yk; vd;w njhlh;
jkpof murpd; rpd; dj; jpy; cs; sJ.
4. cs;sk;
Foe; ijapd; cs; sk; fs; sk; Gfh
,lkhFk;.
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22
nrk; nkhopj; jkpo;
45) cyfj; jpy; vj; jidf; F Nkw; gl; l
nkhopfs; cs;sd?
Mwhapuj; jpw; Fk; Nkw; gl; l nkhopfs;
cs; sd.
46) ts; syhh; ve; j nkhopia vspjpy;
NgrTk; > vspjpy; ghly; ,aw; wTk;
,aw;ifahf mike;J cs;sJ
vd; W $Wfpwhh; ?
njd; nkhopahfpa jkpo; xd; Nw
47) mwpQh; fs; vjid cyf nkhopfspy;
rpwe; jJ vd; W Fwpg; gpLfpwhh; fs; ?
jkpo; nkhopNa
48) ------------------ nghUe;jpa nkhopfs;
nrk; nkhopfs; vdg; gLk; .
jpUe; jpa nrt; tpay; Gfs;
49) nkhopapay; mwpQh; r.mfj; jpa
yp q; fk; vtw; iw vy; yh k;
nrk; nkhopfs; vdg; gl; baypLfpwhh; ?
fpNuf; fk; > ,yj; jP d; > rkw; fpUjk; >
rPdk;> vgpNuak;> muG> <g;U
50) ,d;W Ngr;R tof;fpy; ,y;yhj
nkhopfs; vit?
fpNuf;fk;> ,yj;jPd;> rkw;fpUjk;
51) cyfpy; ,d; W toq; Fk; nkhopfs;
Njh d; Wtjw; F Kd; gh fNt
jkpo; nkhop ------------------ tsq; fisf;
nfhz;ljhf tpsq;fpaJ?
vz; zw; w ,yf; fz ,yf; fpa tsq;
fisf; nfhz; ljhf tpsq; fpaJ.
52) jkpior; nrk; nkhop vd epiyehl; L
tjw;F chpa rhd;Wfshf vit
jpfo; fpd; wd?
njhy; fhg; gpak; > gj; Jg; ghl; L> vl; Lj;
njhif> gjpndz; fP o; f; fzf; F>
rp yg; gjp fhuk; > kzp Nkfiy>
Kj; njhs; shap uk; > ,iwadhh;
mfg; nghUs; Mfpa nrt; tpay;
,yf; fpaq; fs; MFk; .
53) gjpndz;fPo;f;fzf;fpy; xd;whd --
------------------- ,izahd NtW E}y;
cyfpy; ,y; iy.
jpUf; FwSf; F
54) jkpo; nkhop mofhd rpj; jpu Ntiyg;
ghlike; j nts; spj; jl; L: jpUf; Fws;
mjp y; itf; fg; gl; Ls; s jq; f
Mg;gps;: jkpo; vd;id <h;j;jJ:
FwNsh vd; id ,Oj; jJ vd; W
$wpath; ahh;?
lhf; lh; fpnusy;
55) cyfpd; kpfg; goikahd epyg; gFjp
------------------- MFk; .
Fkhp f; fz; lk;
56) Fkhpf;fz;lk; gw;wpa Fwpg;G ahJ
,e; ep yg; gFjp fly; Nfhshy;
%o;fptpl;lJ. me;j njhd;dpyj;
jpy; jhd; jkpo; Njhd; wpanjdj;
jz; bayq; fh u Nkw; Nfh s;
nra; As; $WfpwJ.
57) cyf Kjd; nkhopaha; j; Njhd; wpAk; >
,d; Wk; ,sik kh wh ky;
fd; dp j; jkp oha; _____ ,Ue; J
tUfpd; wJ.
jkpo; nkhop
58) ngw; Nwhiuf; Fwpf; Fk; ---------- vd; Wk;
nrhy; ehQ; rpy; ehl; by; ,d; Wk; cs; sJ.
mk; ik> mg; gd;
59) --------------- ,y; yhj cyfg; ngUnkhop
ahnjhd;Wk; ,y;iy
jkpo; r; nrhy;
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23
60) fhy; Lnty; jkpo; nkhopia vt; thW
$Wfpwhh; ?
jkpo; gpwnkhopj; Jizapd; wpj;
jdpj;J ,aq;FtJ kl;Lkd;wpj;
jioj; Njhq; fTk; nra; Ak; vd; W
$wp dhh; .
61) nkhopf; F ----------------- tuk; Gk; > nrhw; fSf; Fj;
------------ tbTk; ,d; wpaikahjJ.
,yf; fz> jpUe; jpa
62) jkp op y; cs; sJ Nghy; > NtW
vk; nkhopapYk; fhz ,ayhJ.
Mjyhy; jkpo; -------------- vdg; gl; lJ.
nre; jkp o;
63) njhy; fhg; gpa E}w; gh vd; gJ vd; d?
vy; yhr; nrhy; Yk; nghUs;
Fwp j; jdNt
64) jkpopy; ------------ ngah; fs; kpfTk;
FiwT.
,LFwp g;
65) jkpo; kw; Wk; tlnkhopapy; vj; jid
vz; fs; cs; sd? mit ahit?
jkpopy; ,uz; L tif vz; cz; L.
mit:-
xUik>gd; ik
66) tl nkhopapy; %tif vz; cs; sd.
mit:
xUik> ,Uik> gd;ik
67) jkp op y; vjw; Fg; ghy; NtWghL
cz; L? vjw; Fg; ghy; NtWghL
,y; iy?
cap h; fSf; Fg; ghy; NtWghL
cz; L. ngh Us; fSf; Fg;
ghy; NtWghL ,y; iy
68) jkpo; nkhopapy; cs; s ------------gpw
gpwnkhopfspy; ,y; iy.
gFg; G Kiw
69) vy; yh nkhopfSk; vjw; F ,yf; fzk;
$Wk; ?
vOj; Jf; Fk; > nrhy; Yf; Fk;
70) tho; tp aYf; fhd ,yf; fzkhf
vijj; jkpo; nkhop $WfpwJ?
nghUsp yf; fzj; ij
71) nghUspyf; fzk; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
,uz;L tifg;gLk;. mit:
1. mfk; 2. Gwk;
72) -------------- nra;As; tiffs; NtW
vk; nkhopapYk; ,y; iy.
fyp g; gh
73) Gyth;fs; nra;ASf;Fr; rpwg;Gr;
Nrh;f;f --------------> ---------> Kjypa
E}w; Wf; fzf; fhd mzpfisg;
gad;gLj;jpdh;.
ctik> cUtfk;
CUk; NgUk; (Jizg; ghlk; )
74) jkp o; kf; fs; jk; Fbap Ug; Gg;
gFjpfis ----------- vd; w ngauhy;
Fwpj; jdh; .
Ch;
75) ghgpNyhd; mUNf ------------ vd;Dk;
ngahpy; xU efUk; > ---------- vd; Dk;
CUk; cs; sjhk; Ch; > Cu; ek; K
76) kf; fs; ehsiltp y; gy; NtW
Ch;fs; cUthf epytiff;Nfw;g
vt;thW ngahpl;ldh;?
kiya+h; > fhl; ^u; > kUJ}u; > flY}h;
vd kf; fs; ngahpl; ldh; .
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24
fhd; g+h; > Nfhyhyk; g+h; > rpq; fg; g+h; >
kzpg; g+h; > [df; g+h; > n[a; g; g+h; > N[hj; g+h;
77) kiyapd; mUNf cs; s Ch; fSf; F
vt;thW kf;fs; ngahpl;ldh;?
Midkiy> rpWkiy> jpUtz; zh
kiy> ehfkiy> ts; sp kiy>
tpuhypkiy vdg; ngahpl; ldh; .
78) Xq;fpAah;e;j epyg;gFjpia ----------
vdf; $wpdh;?
kiy
79) kiyapd; cauj; jpy; Fiwe; jjidf;
_____ vdf; $wpdh; .
Fd; W
80) Fd; wpYk; cauj; jpy; Fiwe; jjidf;
--------- vdTk; > ---------------- vdTk;
ngahpl; L mioj; jdh; ?
fuL> ghiw
81) Fd; iw mLj; Js; s Ch; fs; vt; thW
miof;fg;gl;ld?
Fd;W}h;> Fd;wj;J}h;> Fd;wf;Fb
vd miof; fg; gl; ld.
82) ghiwfs; vd; W $Wk; Ch; g;
ngah; fs; ahit?
Fl; lg; ghiw> rpg; gpg; ghiw> g+k; ghiw>
kl; lg; ghiw> kzg; ghiw> thy; ghiw
Mfpait.
83) tlnrhy;ypy;> kiyia ------------
vd; W $Wth; ?
fp hp
84) kiyianahl; b vOe; j Ch; g;
ngah;fs; ahit?
fpU\; zfphp> Nfhj; jfphp> rptfphp>
ePyfphp vd;gd MFk;.
85) FwpQ;rp epykf;fs; kiyapypUe;J
gpw ,lq;fSf;Fr; nrd;W jq;fpa
NghJk; jq; fs; ep yg; ngaiu
kwthJ vt; thW ngah; itj; Jf;
nfhz;ldh;.
Mo; thh; Fwpr; rp> fy; ypilf; Fwpr; rp>
Fwpr; rp> fs; sf; Fwpr; rp> nkhlf;
Fwpr; rp vd; W ngah; itj; jdh; .
86) kuq; fs; ngahpy; cUthd Ch; fs; :-
mj; jp (Mh; ) kuq; fs; #o; e; j Ch; -
------------- vd mioj; jdh; .
Mh; f; fhL
87) My kuq; fs; epiwe; j Ch; --------
----- vd mioj; jdh; .
Myq; fhL
88) fshr; nrbfs; epiwe;j gFjpia
vt; thW mioj; jdh; ?
fshf; fhL
89) khkuq; fs; nropj; jpUe; j ,lj; ij
------------------- vd mioj; jdh; .
khq; fhL
90) gidkuq; fs; epiwe; jpUe; j Ch; ---
---------------- vdg; ngah; ngw; wJ.
gidaGuk;
91) gl; b> ghb vd; w ,g; ngah; Ch; fSf; F
vt; thW te; jd?
fhl; bd; eLtpy; tho; e; j kf; fs;
mq; Fj; jphpAk; tpyq; Ffshy;
jkf; Fk; > jk; fhy; eilfSf; Fk;
CW Neuhtz; zk; Ntyp fl; bg;
ghJfhj; jdh; . mt; t+h; fs; gl; b>
ghb vd; wiof; fg; ngw; wd.
ML khLfs; milf; fg; gLk;
,lk; gl;b vdg;gLk;.
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92) jkpo;ehl;by; cs;s rpy gl;bfs;
Ch; fisf; $Wf?
Ml; ilahk; gl; b> fhsp g; gl; b>
Nfhtpy; gl; b> rpW$ly; gl; b> rpd; d
nfhy; yg; gl; b> nghpa nfhy; yg; gl; b
Kjyp a E} w; Wf; fzf; fhd
gl; bfs; jkpo; ehl; by; cs; sd.
93) epytsKk; > eP h; tsKk; gaph; tsKk;
nrwpe;j kUjepyf; FbapUg;Gk; ----
----------- vd toq; fg; gl; lJ.
Ch;
94) MWfs; ghAk; ,lq;fspy; -----------
vd toq;Fk; Ch;fs; jtwhky;
,lk; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.
Mw; W}u;
95) Mw; W}u; fhyg; Nghf; fp y; Ngr; R
tof; fpy; ---------------- vd kUtp
toq; FfpwJ.
Mj; J}h;
96) flk; gkuk; #o; e; j gFjpia vt; thW
mioj; jdh; .
flk; g+h; > flk; gj; J}u;
97) njd; id #o; e; j gFjpia vt; thW
$wpdh; ?
njq; $h;
98) Gspakuq; fs; mlh; e; j gFjpia
vt; thW ngahpl; L mioj; jdh; ?
Gsp aq; Fb> Gsp aQ; Nrhiy>
Gspak; gl; b vd mioj; jdh; .
99) Fsk;> Vhp> CUzp Kjypa ePH
epiy fis cUthf; fp mtw; NwhL
Ch ; g; ngah ; fis vt; th W
,izj; jdh; ?
rP tyg; Nghp> Gspaq; Fsk; > Nguht+uzp>
khq; Fsk; > Ntg; Nghp vd; gd
,t; th W Njh d; wp a Ch ; g;
ngau; fs; .
100) goq; fhyj; jp y; flw; fiuap y;
cUthd Ng&u;fs; --------------- vd
miof; fg; gl; ld.
gl; bdk;
101) rpw; W}h; fs; --------------- vdTk; ngah;
ngw; wpUe; jd.
ghf; fk;
102) gujth; tho;e;j Ch;fs; vt;thW
ngah; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd.
fP of; fiu> Nfhbaf; fiu> eP yhq; fiu
103) kPdth; thOkplq;fspd; ngah;fs;
-------------- vd; Dk; ngaiur; Nrh; j; Jg;
gy;fpg; ngUfp tUfpd;wd.
Fg; gk;
104) ngUNte;jUk; FWepy kd;dUk;
vij mikj; J kf; fisf; fhj; jdh; ?
muz; fs;
105) muz; fSs; ----------------- xd; W MFk; .
Nfhl; ilAk;
106) Nfhl; il #otpUe; j Ch; fs; vt; thW
toq;fyhapd?
fe; ju; tf; Nfhl; il> Nfhl; il> Njtf;
Nfhl; il> ehl; lurd; Nfhl; il>
epyf;Nfhl;il> gl;Lf; Nfhl;il>
GJf; Nfhl; il vd toq; fyhapd.
107) ehw; wpirg; ngah; fSk; Cu; fSld;
Fwpg; gpLf?
fpof;Nf vOe;j Ch;g;gFjpiaf;
fPOu; vdTk;> Nkw;Nf mike;j
Cu; g; gFjpia NkY}u; vdTk; >
njw;Nf cs;sJ njd;goQ;rpah
fTk; > tlf; Nf cs; sJ tlgoQ; rp
ahfTk; ngah; ngw; wd.
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108) ehaf; f kd; du; fs; jkpofj; ij
vj; jid ghisaq; fshfg; gphpj; jdh; ?
72 ghisaq; fshfg; gphpj; jdh; .
109) ehaf;f kd;du;fs; Cu;g; ngau;
fSld; ghisaj; ijr; Nrh; j; J
vt; thW toq; fpdhh; fs; ?
Mug; ghisak; > ,uhrghisak; >
fzf; fk; ghisak; > Fkhughisak; >
N f h g p r ; n r l ; b g ; g h isak ; >
Nfhhpg; ghisak; > Nkl; Lg; ghisak;
vdg; gythFk; .
110) fy; ntl; Lfspy; fhzg; gLk; ---------
kUijahfp ,d;W ----------- ahf
khwpAs; sJ.
kjpiu
111) ------------ vd; Dk; ngah; NfhaKj; J}h;
Mfp> ,d; W Nfhitahf kUtpAs; sJ.
Nfhtd; Gj; J}h;
,yf; fzk;
rhh; ngOj; Jfspd; tiffs;
112) vtw; iw KjnyOj; Jfs; vd; fpNwhk; ?
caph; vOj; Jfs; gd; dpuz; Lk; >
nka; naOj; Jfs; gjp ndl; Lk;
jdpj; J ,aq; fp Kjd; ik ngw; W
tp sq; Ftjh y; mtw; iw
KjnyOj; Jfs; vd; fpNwhk; .
113) KjnyOj; Jfisr; rhh; e; JtUk;
vOj; Jfisr; ---------------- vd; fpNwhk; .
rhh; ngOj; Jfs;
114) rhh; ngOj; Jfs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
10 tifg;gLk;. mit:
1. caph; nka; > 2. Ma; jk; > 3. capusngil>
4. xw; wsngil> 5. Fw; wpaypfuk; >
6. Fw; wpaYfuk; > 7. Ifhuf; FWf; fk; >
8. Xsfhuf; FWf; fk; > 9. kfuf;
FWf; fk; > 10. Ma; jf; FWf; fk;
Mfpait MFk; .
115) Ma; jk; ------------- vOj; J tifiar;
rhh;e;jJ.
rhh; ngOj; J
116) KjnyOj; Jfspd; vz; zpf; if --------
30
117) ty; ypd nka; naOj; Jfs; vit?
f; > r; > j; > g;
118) m>,>c vd; gd vd; d vOj; Jfs; ?
Rl; nlOj; Jfs;
119) vjid ty; nyhw; W kpFjy; vd; gh; ?
vOj; Jfsp d; Kd; ty; yp d
vOj; Jfis Kjyhf cila
nrhy; te; J Nrh; e; jhy; ,ilapy;
mt; ntOj; jpd; nka; naOj; Jj;
Njhd; Wk; . ,jid ty; nyhw; W
kpFjy; vd; gh; .
120) ------------- vd;Dk; Rl;nlOj;jhdJ
jw; nghOJ tof; fj; jpy; ,y; iy.
c
121) v vd; Dk; tpdh vOj; Jf; FKd;
ty; ypd vOj; ij Kjyhf cila
nrhw; fs; te; jhYk; -------- kpFk; .
ty; ypdk;
(v.fh) v + Flk; = vf; Flk; > v +
rl;il = vr;rl;il
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122) gpd; tUk; nrhw; fis KjnyOj; ijf;
nfhz; L mfuthpirapy; mikf; f.
Vzp> <ry; > vyp> xd; W> xsit>
Cl;b> mz;zd;> ,y;yk;> ML>
Xlk; > Ie; J> cil.
tp il:
mz; zd; > ML> ,y; yk; > <ry; >
cil> Cl; b> vyp> Vzp> Ie; J>
xd;W> Xlk;> xsit.
123) ,e; jpa tpLjiyf; Fj; njd; dfj;
jpypUe; J me; epaiu vjpu; j; j rpwe; j
tPud; ahh;?
Gyp j; Njtd;
,ay; ,uz; L
nra;As; - GwehD}W
124) ney; Yk; capud; Nw: eP Uk; capud; Nw:
vd njhlq; Fk; GwehD}W ghliyg;
ghbath; ahh;?
Nkhrp fP udhh;
125) NkhrpfPudhu; tho;e;j Ch; vJ?
njd; ghz; b ehl; bYs; s Nkhrp
126) --------------- vd;gJ Fbg;ngauhff;
Fwpg; gplg; gLfpwJ.
fPud;
127) muRf; Fhp a KuRf; fl; byp y;
cwq;fpa NghJ ve;j kd;duhy;
fthptP rg; ngw; w ngUikf; Fhpath; ?
Nrukhd; ngUQ; Nruy; ,Uk; nghiw
128) nrhw; nghUs;:-
1. mwpif - mwpjy; Ntz; Lk;
2. jhid - gil
3. flNd - flik
4. kyh; jiy cyfk; - gue; j
,lkfd;w cyfk;
129) GwehD}W ----------- E}y; fSs; xd; W.
vl; Lj; njhif
130) GwehD}W ------------- ghly; fspd;
njhFg;G.
Gwk; gw; wpa ehD}W
jkpo; vz; fis mwpNthk;
vspjhf Qhgfk; itj;Jf; nfhs;s rpwpa Nahrid
fliy cUz;il vq;qdk; Ritj;J Urpj;J rhg;gpl;lhd;
vd;W mtd; $wpdhd;.
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131) NkhrpfPudhh; ghba ghly;fs; NtW
ve; j E}y; fspy; cs; sJ?
mfehD}W> FWe; njhif> ew; wpiz
Mfpatw; Ws; cs; sd.
132) gz; ila jkpof kd; dh; fspd; mw
czh;T> tPuk;> nfhil> Ml;rpr;
rpwg; G> fy; tpg; ngUik Kjypa
tw; iw vtw; wpd; %yk; mwpayhk;
GwehD}w; Wg; ghly; fs; %yk;
133) GwehD} W ghly; fs; %yk;
Gyth;fspd; -------------> kf;fSila
-------> -------> Kjyp atw; iwAk;
mwpayhk; .
ngUkpjk; > kf; fSila ehfupfk; >
gz; ghL
134) muridf; Fwpf; Fk; NtW ngah; fs;
ahit?
Nfh> kd; dd; > Nte; jd; .
mikf; fTk; :-
1. ney;
jQ; ir> jkpofj; jpd; ney; fsQ; rp
akha; j; jpfo; fpwJ.
2. caph;.
Nfhg; ngUQ; Nrhod; tlf; fpUe; J
caph; ePj;jhh;.
3. eP u;
fly; eP h; Nkfkhfp kioaha; g;
nga;fpwJ.
4. Nte;jd;.
Nte;jd; eLepiy jtwhJ Ml;rp
nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
KJnkhop f; fhQ; rp
136) rp we; jnjdf; $wg; gLk; gj; Jg;
nghUisj; jd; dfj; Nj nfhz; bUg; gJ
------------------- MFk; .
rpwe;j gj;J
137) KJnkhopf;fhQ;rp vd; w E}iy
,aw;wpath; ahh;?
kJiuf; $lY}h; fpohh;
138) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. Mu; fyp - epiwe; j XirAila
fly;
2. fhjy; - md; G> tpUg; gk;
3. Nkij - mwpT El; gk;
4. tz; ik - <if> nfhil
5. gpzp - Neha;
6. nka; - clk; G
7. ehzk; - nra; af; $lhjjidr;
nra; a mr; rg; gLjy;
8. rpwe; jd; W - rpwe; jJ
9. topgLjy; - Nghw; wp tzq; Fjy;
10. jw; nra; if - jd; idr; nry; tk;
Kjyp atw; wp y; Nkk; gLj; jp f;
nfhs; sy; .
139) Mrphpah; Fwpg; G:-
ngah; : kJiuf; $lY}h; fpohh;
gpwe;j Cu; : $lY}u;
rp wg; G : ,th; jk; ghly; fis
er; rpdhh; f; fpdpau; Kjypa ey; Yiu
ahrp up ah; fs; Nkw; Nfhs; fshff;
ifahz;Ls;shh;fs;.
fhyk; : rq; f fhyj; jpw; Fg; gpd; tho; e; jth; .
140) KJnkhopf;fhQ;rp vd;gJ -----------
JiwfSs; xd; W.
fhQ; rp j; jp izap d;
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141) KJnkhopf; fhQ; rp ----------- vdTk;
toq; fg; gLfpwJ.
mwTiuf; Nfhit
142) KJnkhopf; fhQ; rpapy; vj; jid
mjpfhuq;fs; cs;sd?
10
143) KJnkhopf; fhQ; rp -------- ghly; fshy;
MdJ.
E} W
144) ,sikiaf; fhl;bYk; --------------
rpwe; jJ.
Nehaw; w tho; Nt
145) fw; wiytplTk; rpwe; jJ _______
xOf; fKilik
mikf; f
1. kf;fs;:
kf; fs; midtUk; fy; tp ngw; wtuha;
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
2. xOf;fk;:
xOf;fk; caphpDk; NkyhdJ.
3. topgLjy; :
,iwtid kdk;> nkhop> nka;>
Mfpatw; why; topgLjy; Ntz; Lk; .
kfhtpj; Jthd; kPdhl; rpRe; judhh;
(ciueil)
147) ahh; fhg; ghu; vd; W jkpod; id
Vq;fpa NghJ ehd; fhg;Ngd; vd;W
vOe;jth; ahh;?
c.Nt.rhkp ehjh;
148) gpd; dhspy; c.Nt.rhkpehjh; midt
uhYk; vt; thW miof; fg; gl; lhh; ?
jkpo;j; jhj;jh
149) c.Nt. rhkpehjh; mth; fspd; Mrphpah;
ngah; vd;d?
kfhtpj; Jthd; kP dhl; rp Re; judhh;
150) kP dhl; rp Re; judhh; vg; NghJ gpwe; jhh; ?
1815 Mk; Mz; L vg; uy; jpq; fs;
Mwhk; ehsd; W gpwe; jhh; .
151) kP dhl; rp Re; judhh; gpwe; j Ch; vJ?
jp Ur; rp khtl; lj; ijr; Nrh; e; j
vz; nza; f; fpuhkj; jpy; gpwe; jhh; .
152) kP dhl; rpRe; judhhpd; ngw; Nwhu; ngah;
vd;d?
rpjk; guk; -- md; dj; jhr; rpahh;
153) kP dhl; rp Re; judhh; ,sikapy;
ahhplk; jkpo; fw; whh; ?
jkJ je; ijahhplk;
154) kPdhl;rp Re;judhh; rpWtajpNyNa
------------- ,aw; Wk; Mw; wy; iftug;
ngw;whh;.
nra; As;
155) kP dhl; rp Re; judhh; jp Ukzk;
nra; Jnfhz; L FLk; gj; Jld; ve; j
Chpy; tho;e;J te;jhh;?
jphprpuGuj; jpy; (jpUr; rpuhg; gs; sp)
156) kP dhl; rp Re; judhh; jphprpuGuj; jpy; tho; e; j
jhy; mth; vt; thW miof; fg; gl; lhh; ?
jphprpuGuk; kPdhl; rpRe; judhh;
157) kP dhl; rp Re; judhh; jkpopy; ve;j
E}y;fspy; Mu;tk; nfhz;bUe;jhh;?
irt rka E}y;fs;
158) kP dhl; rp Re; judhhpd; Fwpg; gplj; jf; f
khzth;fs; ahh;?
Fyhk;fhjh; ehtyh;> rtupuhaY>
jpahfuhru;> rhkpehjh; MfpNahh;
Mth; .
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159) kP dhl; rp Re; judhh; ve; j Chp y;
tho; e; j NghJ c.Nt. rhkpehjUf; F
Mrphpauhf ,Ue;jhu;?
jp UthtLJiwap y;
160) kfhtpj; Jthd; kP dhl; rpRe; judhu;
vj;jidf;F Nkw;gl;l E}y;fis
,aw;wpAs;shu;?
vz; gJf; Fk; Nkw; gl; l E}y; fs;
161) kfhtpj; Jthd; kP dhl; rpRe; judhu;
gy; NtW Nfhtpy; fSf; F eilg;
gazk; Nkw;nfhz;L mf;Nfhtpy;
fisg; gw; wp ----gy ,aw; wpAs; shh; .
jyGuhzq; fs;
162) Fk;gNfhzj;jpYs;s Rz;zhk;Gf;
fuhd; njUit vt; thW toq; Fth; ?
ePw; Wf; fhuj; njU
163) eP w; Wf; fhuj; njUit ,g; gbAk;
miof; fyhk; vd; W kP dhl; rp Re; judhu;
$wpdhh;?
%d; whtJ njU
164) %d; whtJ vd; gJ vijf; Fwpf; Fk;
xU nrhy;?
Rz; zhk; G
165) Neha; f; F vJ kUe; J vd; W kP dhl; rp
Re;judhh; $Wfpwhh;?
,yf; fpak;
166) kPdhl;rpRe;judhu; kiwe;j Mz;L
vJ?
01.02.1876
167) ehis vd; jha; nkhop rhFkhdhy;
,d; Nw ehd; ,we; J tpLNtd; vd; W
$wpa ftpQd; ahh;?
U\; af; ftpQd; u#y; fk; rNjt;
168) njhg;Gs; nfhb cwTfs; vdj;
njhlq;Fk; ghly; ve;j E}ypUe;J
vLj;jhsg;gl;lJ.
nrhy; yj; Jbf; FJ kdR
Nfht+h; fpohu; (Jizg;ghlk;)
169) Nfht+h;fpohu; vq;F gpwe;jhu;?
ciwa+Uf; F mUfpYs; s Nfht+hpy;
gpwe;jhh;
170) ew; wpiz> FWe; njhif> GwehD}W>
jpUts; St khiy Mfpatw; wpy;
Nfht+h;fpohupd; ------------- ghly;fs;
,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
gjpndl; Lg; ghly; fs;
171) Nfht+h; fpohiu mitf; fsj; jiytu;
Mf;fpf; nfhz;l kd;dd; ahh;?
eyq; fp s; sp
172) eyq; fps; spf; Fk; > neLq; fps; spf; Fk;
,Ue;j gifia ePf;fpath; ahu;?
Nfht+ h; fp ohu;
173) gdk; g+ khiyazpe; j kd; dd; ahh; ?
Nrud;
174) Ntg; gk; g+ khiyazpe; j kd; dd; ahh; ?
ghz; bad;
175) Mj; jpg+ khiy ahUf; F cilaJ?
NrhoUf; Fhp aJ
176) filNaO ts;sy;fSs; xUth;
ahh; ?
kiyakhd; jpUKbf; fhhp
177) ve; jg; Gytiuf; Nfht+ u; fp ohu;
neLq; fps; sp rp iwap y; ,Ue; J
tpLtpj;jhh;?
,se; jj; jdhh;
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31
178) tpiue; J njhopy; Nfl; Fk; vdj;
njhlq; Fk; jpUf; Fws; vj; jidahtJ
Fwsps; mike; Js; sJ?
648
capu; nka; > Ma; jk;
179) f>fh>fp Mfpait ve; j vOj; Jfs; ?
caph; nka; vOj; Jfs;
180) ve; nje; j vOj; Jfs; Nrh; e; jhy;
caph;nka; vOj;Jj; Njhd;Wk;?
capnuOj; Jk; > nka; naOj; Jk;
181) cap h; nka; vOj; J cap iuAk;
nka;iaAk; rhh;e;jpUg;gjhy; --------
------- vd;fpNwhk;.
rhh; ngOj; J
182) / vd; why; vd; d?
m/Nfdk;
m/Nfdj; jpy; / vDk; ,t; ntOj; J
%d; W Gs; spfisg; ngw; Ws; sjhy;
,jid vt; thW Fwpg; gpLthh; fs; .
Kg; Gs; sp> Kg; ghw; Gs; sp
183) / vDk; vOj; J cap NuhLk;
nka; NahLk; Nruhky; jdp j; Nj
,Ug; gjhy; ,jid vt; thW $Wth; ?
jdp epiy
184) jw; fhg; G MAjj; jpy; (Nflak; )
fhzg; gLk; %d; W Fkpo; g; Gs; spfs;
Nghd; W ,Ug; gjhy; / vDk;
vOj; ij ----------- vdTk; $Wth; .
Ma; jk;
185) -------------- fiuj; jhy; fy; Yk; fiuAk; .
fiug; ghu;
186) capu; nka; vOj; Jfs; -------------
tifapy; mlq; Fk; .
rhh; ngOj; J
187) md; G> mlf; fk; v/F - ,r; nrhw;
fsp Ys; s rhh; ngOj; Jfsp d;
mbapy; NfhbLf:-
md; G
188) Nghh; nra; ag; Gwg; gLtjw; F Kd; ghf
murd; > jd; muz; kidap y;
tP uu; fSf; F mspf; Fk; ngUtpUe; jpd;
ngah; vd;d?
ngUQ; NrhW mspj; jy;
ty;ypdk; kpFk; ,lq;fs;
189) ----------- Kd; f; >r; >j; >g; nka; naOj; J
fspd; tUf;f vOj;Jr; nrhw;fs;
(tpidr; nrhw; fs; ) tUkhapd; chpa
ty;nyOj;Jfs; Njhd;Wk;.
Mfu <w; W tpidnar; rq; fSf; F
(v.L)
Xl + fhj;jpUf;fpwhd; = Xlf;
fhj; jpUf; fpwhd;
ghl + Nfl; Nld; = ghlf; Nfl; Nld;
190) <w; W tpidnar; rr; nrhw; fspd; gpd;
ty; yp d cap u; nka; vOj; Jr;
nrhw; fs; ( tpidr; nrhw; fs; ) te; jhy;
--------- kpFk; .
ty; nyhw; W
(v.fh)
ehb + nrd;whd; = ehbr; nrd;whd;
Ngrp + gofpdhd; = Ngrpg; gofpdhd;
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32
,ay; %d; W
nra; As; - jdpg; ghly;
,ul;Lw nkhopjy;
191) ,ul;Lwnkhopjy; vd;w ghliyg;
ghbath; ahh;?
fhsNkfg; Gyth;
192) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. Rop --- cly; kP J cs; s Rop>
eP u; r; Rop
2. Jd; dyh; -- gifth; > mofpa kyh;
3. guptha; -- md; gha;
4. rhLk; -- jhf; Fk; > ,Of; Fk;
5. MLghp - MLfpd; w Fjpiu
193) fhs Nkfg;Gyth; vq;Fg; gpwe;jhh;?
Fk; gNfh zj; jp w; F mUfp y;
ee;jpf;fpuhkk; vdTk;> tpOg;Guk;
khtl; lj; jp Ys; s vz; zhap uk;
vdTk; $Wth;
194) fhsNkfg; Gythp d; ,aw; ngah;
vd;d?
tujd;
195) ve;jf; Nfhtpy; kilg;gs;spapy;
fhsNkfg; Gyth; gzpGhpe;jhh;?
jpUtuq; ff; Nfhtpy;
196) itzt rkaj; jpy; ,Ue; J ve; j
rkaj; jp w; Ff; fhsNkfg; Gyth;
khwpdhu; ?
irt rkaj; jpw; F
197) fhsNkfg;Gyth; vijg; Nghd;W
ftpij nghopAk; Mw; wy; ngw; wpUe; jhh; ?
fhh; Nkfk; Nghy;
fy;tpf;F vy;iy ,y;iy
198) fw;wJifk; kz;zsT fy;yhJ
cyfsntd;(W) $wpath; ahh;?
xsitahh;
199) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. ifk; kz; zsT - xU rhz;
vdTk; nghUs; nfhs; Sth;
2. nkj;j - kpFjpahf
3. ge;jak; - Nghl;b
4. GytPu; - Gytu;fNs
5. fiykle;ij - fiykfs;
200) fk; gh; > xl; lf; $j; jh; > GfNoe; jpg; Gyth;
Kjyp a Gyth; fs; ahUila
fhyj;jpy; tho;e;jhu;fs;?
Xsitahu;
201) Gyth; gyh;> gy;NtW #o;epiyf;F
Vw; g mt; tg; NghJ ghba ghly; fspd;
njhFg; Ng ----------- vdg; gLk; .
jdpg; ghly; jpul; L
ciueil
fzpjNkij ,uhkhD[k;
202) fzpjNkij vdg; Nghw; wg; gLk;
,uhkhD[k; vq; F tho; e; J te; jhu; ?
<Nuhl; by;
203) ,uhkhD[j;jpd; ngw;Nwhu; ahh;?
rPdthrd; --- Nfhksk;
204) fzpjNkij ,uhkhD[k; gpwe; j
Mz; L vJ?
22.12.1887
205) ,uhkhD[k; vj; jid Mz; Ltiu
NgRk; jpwd; mw;wtuhf ,Ue;jhh;?
3 Mz;Lfs;
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33
206) fhQ; rpGuj; jpy; cs; s ve; jg; gs; spapy;
,uhkhD[k; gbj;jhh;?
jpz; izg; gs; spapy;
207) ,uhkhD[k; jkJ rp WtaJ
KjNy ------------- ghlj; jpy; kpFe; j
Mu;tk; nfhz;bUe;jhh;.
fzp jg; ghlj; jp y;
208) vjw; F kjpg; G cz; L vd ,uhkhD[k;
jdJ Mrpupahplk; $wpdhh;?
Ropaj; jpw; F (0)
209) Ma; yuhf ,y; yhtpl; lhYk; ,uhkhD[d;
Fiwe; jgl; rk; xU INfhgp vd; W
$wpath; ahh;?
ypl; by; Tl; L
210) Ma;th; ve;j ehl;ilr; Nrh;e;jth;?
Rtp l; rh; yhe; ijr;
211) Ma;th; -------------- Mk; E}w;whz;bd;
,izaw; w fzpjNkij Mthh; ?
18
212) IhNfhgp ve;j ehl;by; tho;e;jhu;?
n[h; kdp ap y;
213) IhNfhgp ve; j E}w; whz; bd; fzpjNkij
19 Mk;
214) fzp jj; jp wikahy; tp Q; Qhd
cyfp idg; gp ukp f; fr; nra; J
tuyhw; wp y; Fwp g; gp lj; jf; f Xh;
,lj;ijg; ngw;w gpwtpf; fzpj
Nkij vd; W $wpath; ahh; ?
,e; jpuh fhe; jp
215) 1880 Mk; Mz;L ,yz;ldpypUe;j
- - - - - - - vd; gth; gjp ide; jhk;
tajpNyNa ahh; fzpjj; jpy; rpwe; J
tpsq;fpdhh;?
fhu;
216) ,u h kh D[k; jdJ je; ij
rP dthrdpd; Kaw; rpahy; nrd; idj;
JiwKfj; jpy; vg; gzpapy; Nrh; e; jhh; ?
vOj; jh;
217) ,uhkhD[k; jhd; fz; Lgpbj; j
Njw; wq; fisAk; vLNfhs; fisAk;
Nfs; tp fshfj; njhFj; J ve; j
gj; jpupiff; F mDg; gpdhh; ?
,e; jpaf; fzpjf; fofg; gj; jpupif
218) jdJ fz; Lgpbg; Gfis ,e; jpaf;
fzp jf; fofg; gj; jp up iff; F
,uhkhD[k; ahh; %yk; mDg; gpdhu; ?
/ gpuhd; rp]; ]; gphpq;
219) ------------- vDk; jiyg; gpy; ntspahd
,uhkhD[j;jpd; fl;Liu fzpj
ty; Yeh ; fsp ilNa kp Fe; j
tuNtw; igg; ngw; wJ.
ngu; ndsyp]; vz; fs;
220) ,uhkhD[k; ve; jg; gy; fiyf;
fofj; jpy; Muha;r;rp khztuhfr;
Nrh;e;jhh;?
nrd; idg; gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy;
221) ,uhkhD[k; jdJ fz; Lgpbg; Gfs;
Muha; r; rpfs; Mfpatw; iw tptukhf
vOjp ,q; fpyhe; jpYs; s ve; jg;
gy;fiyf;fofg; Nguhrphpau; ---------
vd;gtUf;F fbjkhf mDg;gpdhu;.
Nfk; gp up l; [; gy; fiyf; fofg;
Nguhrp hp ah; `hh; b
222) ,yz;ld; Nfk;gpupl;]; gy;fiyf;
fofj; Jld; ,ize; Js; s fy; Y}hpd;
ngah; vd;d?
jpupdpl; b fy; Y}hp
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34
223) jpupdpl;b fy;Y}hpapd; Nguhrphpah;
ahh; nrd;idg; gy;fiyf;fofj;
jpw; Fr; nrhw; nghopthw; w te; jhh; ?
<.vr; . netpy;
224) ,u h kh D[k; ve; j Mz; L
,q;fpyhe;Jf;Fg; Gwg;gl;lh;?
1914 Mk; Mz; L khu; r; 17 Mk; ehs;
225) jphpdpl; b fy; Y}upapy; Muha; r; rp
khztuhf ve; j Mz; L ,uhkhD[k;
Nrh;e;jhh;?
18.04.1914
226) fp q; ]; fy; Y} hp ap d; fzp jg;
Nguhrphpah; ahh;?
Mu; jh; ngu; rp
227) ,uhkhD[j; jpd; topKiwfis
E}yhf ntsp ap l; L mtUf; Fg;
ngUik Nrh;e;jth; ahh;?
`hu; b
228) `hu; b -------------- vd; Dk; jiyg; gpy;
,uhkhD[j; jpd; topKiwfis
E}yhf ntspapl;lhh;?
Nuhru; ]; ,uhkhD[d; fz; Lgpbg; Gfs;
229) ,q; fpyhe; Jg; gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy;
cWg; gpduhf ,uhkhD[k; ve; j
Mz;L Nrh;f;fg;gl;lhu;?
1918
230) ,q; fp yhe; Jg; gy; fiyf; fofk;
,uhkhD[j;jpw;F ------------- gl;lk;
toq; fpaJ.
v/g; .Mu; .v];
231) v/g; . Mu; . v]; gl; lk; ngw; w
,uhkhD[j; ij; ve; jf; fy; Y}up
ghuhl;br; rpwg;gpj;jJ?
jpupdpl; b fy; Y}hp
232) jp up dp l; b fy; Y}up ap d; fy; tp f;
FOtpd; rpwg;G cWg;gpduhfTk;
,uhkhD[j; ijj; Njh; e; njLj; J
Mz; LNjhWk; vj; jid gTz; Lj;
njhifia MW Mz; LfSf; F
toq; fTk; Vw; ghL nra; jJ?
233) ahUila ghpe; Jiuapd; Nghpy;
nrd; idg; gy; fiyf; fofKk; 250
gTz; Lj; njhifia Ie; J
Mz; Lf; Fk; nfhLf; f Kd; te; jJ.
`hu; bap d;
234) ,uhkhD[k; ---------------- gTz; ilj;
jk; ngw; NwhUf; Fk; ----------- gTz; il
Vio vsp a khzth; fSf; Fk;
toq;fp tUkhW fbjk; vOjpdhh;.
50 gTz; ilj; jk; ngw; NwhUf; Fk;
200 gTz; il Vio vsp a
khzth; fSf; Fk;
235) ,uhkhD[j; ijg; ghh; f; f te; j
`hu;b ----------- vd;w vz; nfhz;l
thlif kfpOe;jpy; te;Njd; vdf;
$wpdhh;?
1729
236) ,e; jpahtpw; F ,uhkhD[k; vg; NghJ
jpUk;gp te;jhh;?
1919 khu; r; 27
237) ,uhkhD[k; kiwe; j Mz; L vJ?
1920 Vg;uy; 26
238) ,uhkhD[k; rhjhuz kdpjuy;yh;
mth; ,iwtd; je; j ghpR vd; W
$wpath; ahh;?
Nguh <.b ngy;
239) ,uhkhD[d; Kjy;jukhd fzpj
Nkij vd; W $wpath; ahh; ?
Nguhrphpah; #ypad; ff; Ryp
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35
240) 1962 jprk;gh; 22 Mk; ehsd;W
,uhkhD[j;jpd; -------------- MtJ
gpwe;j ehs; MFk;.
75
241) ,uhkhD[j;jpd; 75 MtJ gpwe;j
ehis Kd; dp l; L eLtzuR
gjpide;J fhR mQ;ry;jiy ------
---------- ,yl;rk; ntspapl;lJ.
,Ugj; ije; J
242) Nguhrphpah; ,uhkhD[k; midj; Jyf
ep idTf; FO ve; j Mz; L
nrd;idapy; mikf;fg;gl;lJ.
1971
243) nrd; idapy; 1972 Mk; Mz; L
mf;Nlhgh; 3 Mk; ehs; md;iwa
Kjyikr; ruhy; ---------------- epWtdk;
jpwe; J itf; fg; gl; lJ.
,uhkhD[k; fzpj mwptpay;
244) nrd; idj; JiwKfk; rhh; gp y;
Gjpjhf thq; fpa FbeP u; f; fg; gYf; F>
-------------- vdg; ngau; #l;lg;gl;lJ.
rPdpthr ,uhkhD[k;
245) upr;ru;l;Lk; M];NfAk; ,ize;J -
---------- Mz;by; ,uhkhD[j;jpd;
khu; gsT ntz; fyr; rp iyia
,e; jp ahtp w; Ff; nfhz; L te; J
toq;fpdu;?
1984 Mk;
246) fzp jf; Fwp g; Gfs; mlq; fp a
vj; jid Fwpg; NgLfisAk; Muha; r; rpf;
fl; LiufisAk; ,uhkhD[k;
tpl;Lr; nrd;Ws;shu;.
3
247) ,uhkhD[j;jpd; Fwpg;NgLfspy; --
----------- Kjy; ------------------ Njw; wq; fs;
,Ue; jd.
3000 Kjy; 4000
248) 1957 Mk; Mz; L -------------- mbg; gil
Muha; r; rp epiyak; ,uhkhD[j; jpd;
Njw; wq; fis xspg; glk; vLj; J
E}yhf ntspapl;Ls;sJ.
lhlh
ed; wpg; ghpR (Jizg; ghlk; )
249) grp ----------- mwpahJ.
Urp
250) kUJ ghz;bf;Fr; rhg;gpl fpotp
vd; d nfhLj; jhs; ?
gioa NrhW
251) gioa Nrhw;Wf;fhff; fpotpf;F
kUJghz; b vd; d ghpR toq; fpdhu; ?
mts; trpj;j Cu;
252) fpotpf; Fg; ghprhff; fpilj; j me; j
Chpd; ngah; vd;d?
goQ; Nrhw; Wf; FUehjNde; jy;
253) goQ; Nrhw; Wf; FUehjNde; jy;
vd;Dk; Cu; ve;j khtl;lj;jpy;
cs;sJ?
rp tfq; if
ehy; tifr; nrhw; fs;
,yf; fzk;
254) ngaiuf; Fwpj; J te; jhy; ----------
vd;W ngah;.
ngau; r; nrhw; fs;
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36
255) xUnghUspd; nraiy (,af; fj; ijf; )
Fwpg; gjhy; ,r; nrhy; ----------------
MFk; .
tp idr; nrhy;
256) jk; gp + ck; ,jpYs; s ck; vd; gJ
,izg;Gr; nrhy;yhf tUfpwJ.
,jid --------- vd; gh; .
,ilr; nrhy;
257) ,ilr; nrhy; vjidr; rhh; e; J tUk; ?
ngau; r; nrhw; fs; > tpidr; nrhw; fs;
258) gytifg; gl; l gz; Gfisf; nfhz; L
ngau; r; nrhw; fs; > tpidr; nrhw; fis
tpl; L eP q; fhJ nra; ASf; Nf chpik
ngw; W tUtd -------- MFk; .
chp r; nrhw; fs;
259) nghUj;Jf:-
1. ngau;r;nrhy; --- m. te;jhd;
2. tpidr; nrhy; -- M. Ie; Jk; MWk;
3. ,ilr;nrhy; -- ,. jtr;rpwpJ
4. chpr;nrhy; -- <. Ntyd;
tpil:-
1-<> 2-m> 3-M> 4-,
260) ty;ypdk; kpFk; ,lq;fs;:
vl; L> gj; J Mfp a vz; Zg;
ngau;fspy; gpd; kl;Lk; ty;ypd
tUf;fr; nrhw;fs; te;jhy; ---------
kpFk; .
ty; nyhw; W
(v.fh)
vl; L + fhy; = vl; Lf; fhy;
gj; J + Ngu; = gj;Jg;Ngu;
gj; J + rl;il = gj;Jr;rl;il
gj; J + Njhg;G = gj;Jj;Njhg;G
vl; L + $il = vl; Lf; $il
vl; L + Njh; = vl; Lj; Njh;
261) ghlhj> Nfshj> Mlhj> nra;ahj>
nrhy; yhj vd; gd vjp u; kiwg;
nghUsp y; tUtjhy; --------------
MFk; .
vjph; kiwg; nganur; rq; fs;
262) nrhw; fspYs; s <w; nwOj; jhdJ
nfl; Lg; ghlh> Nfsh> Mlh>
nra; ah> nrhy; yh vd; W tUtjid
-------- nganur;rk; vd;gh;.
<Wnfl; l vjpu; kiwg; nganur; rk; .
<Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; nganur;rj;
jpy; kpFk; ty; ypdk;
(v.fh)
ghlh + Fapy; = ghlhf;Fapy;
Nfsh + nrtp = Nfshr;nrtp
263) ty;ypdk; kpfh ,lq;fs;:-
tpidr; nrhw; fs; ngaiuf; nfhz; L
Kw; Wg; ngWk; . ,r; nrhw; fisg; ---
----------- vd; gu; .
nganur; rk;
(v.fh)
te; j + Foe; ij = te; j Foe; ij
cile; j + gyif = cile; j gyif
nra; j + jr; rd; = nra; j jr; rd;
ghba + ftpij = ghba ftpij
fhj; j + rpWkp = fhj; j rpWkp
ntbj; j + gQ; R = ntbj; j gQ; R
264) ngaur; rr; nrhw; fs; Kd; ---------- kpfhJ.
ty; nyhw; W
265) Rth; ,Ue; jhy; jhNd -------------
tiua KbAk; .
rpj; jpuk;
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37
,ay; ehd; F
nra;As; - jphpfLfk;
266) jphpfLfk; vd; w E}iy ,aw; wpath;
ahh; ?
ey; yhjdhu;
267) nrhw; nghUs; :-
1. cz; nghOJ - cz; Zk; nghOJ
2. ngwpDk; -- ngw; whYk;
3. ghy;gw;wp - xUgf;fr; rhu;G
4. Njhy;tw;wp - Njhy; RUq;fp
5. rhapDk; -- mopapDk;
6 . rh d; wh z; ik - mwp T
xOf; fq; fspy; epiyj; J epw; wy;
7. Fd;whik - FiwahJ ,Ue;jy;
8. J} cak; -- J}a; ik cilNahu;
mwTzh; T cilahuplj; J cs; sit
268) nrhw; nghUs; :-
1. <Ak; - mspf;Fk;
2. epy; yhik - epiyahik
3. newp - top
4. J}a; ik - J}a jd; ik
5. khe;jh; -- kf;fs;
Gjupy; tpijj;j tpij
269) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. epiw xOf; fk; -- Nkyhd xOf; fk;
2. Njw; whjhd; -- filg; gpbf; fhjtd;
3. tdg; G -- moF
4. J}W -- Gjh;
5. tpj; J - tpij
270) ey;yhjdhu; ve;j Cupy; gpwe;jhu;?
jp Uney; Ntyp khtl; lj; ijr;
Nrh;e;j jpUj;J vd;Dk; Cu;
271) nrU mLNjhs; ey; yhjd; vd
ghapuk; Fwpg;gpLtJ ahh;?
ey; yhjdhu;
272) jphpfLfk; ------------ E}y; fSs; xd; W
273) jphpfLfk; vj; jid ntz; ghf; fis
cilaJ?
E} W
274) jphpfLfg; ghlypYk; ,lk; ngw; Ws; s
%d;W mwf;fUj;Jfs; fw;ghupd;
kdj; jp Ys; s - - - - - - Nehiag;
Nghf; FfpwJ?
mwp ahik
275) cupa tpiliaj; Njh; T nra; f:-
m) ghy; gw; wpr; nrhy; yh tpLjYk;
-- ,t;tbapy; ghy;gw;wp vd;gjd;
nghUs;.
xUgf; fr; rhh; Ggw; wp
M) epy; yhik As; Sk; newpg; ghLk;
,t;tbapy; top vd;Dk; nghUs;
jUk; nrhy;
newp
,) tdg; G vd; Dk; nrhy; ypd; nghUs;
moF
fhe; jpabfs; fbjk;
ciueil
276) fhe;jpabfs; ------------ khepyj;jpy;
Mw; wpa ciuiaf; Foe; ijfSf; Fk;
$wpdhu; .
F[uhj;
277) xUnkhop ap d; jd; ik - - - - - - - - -
jd; ikiag; nghUj; Nj mikAk; .
kf; fsp d;
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278) Ntiy njhpahj njhopyhsp jd;
fUtpapd; kP J ---------- nfhz; lhdhk; .
rPw; wk;
279) 1917 Mk; Mz; L ---------- efupy;
eilngw; w ,uz; lhtJ fy; tp
khehl;by; fhe;jpbfs; epfo;j;jpa
jiyik ciu> khzth; fSf; F
Vw; w tz; zk; fbj tbtp y;
mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ?
GNuhr;
chp aJ
(Jizg; ghlk; )
280) Kdpth; mjpfkhf ahiu ntWg; gtu; ?
ngha; nrhy; thiu
281) Kdptu; ngha; nrhy; thu; kidapy;
---------------- khl;lhu;?
czT cz;z
282) nghpatupd; ------------- ew; Fzq; fisf;
fz; L Kdptu; Kfk; kyu; e; J.
md; G> mlf; fk; > gzpT
283) kf; fs; Kdp tup lk; me; jg;
nghpatUf; F vj; jid kfd; ; fs; cz; L
vd; W $wpdhh; ?
ehd; F
284) nghp atup d; ehd; F kfd; fsp d;
ngah;fs; vd;d?
eluh[h> Nty; rhkp> rptrhkp> fe; jrhkp
285) fe;jrhkp xbte;J je;ijiaAk;
Kdp tiuAk; njhOJ rhkp f; F
vd; d nfhz; L tul; Lk; vdf;
Nfl;ldhd;?
ghy; > gok;
286) ----------- nra; j gzk; vdf; F chpaJ.
jUkk; .
287) vd; fUj; ij Vw; W elf; fpd; wtNd
--------- kfd; .
vdf; F chpa
288) ------------- nra; j NeuNk vdf; F
chpaJ vd;W nghpath; $wpdhh;.
,iwj; njhz; L
289) njhd; ik kpf; f cyf nkhopfs;
vdj; njhlq; Fk; ghliy vOjpath;
ahh; ?
NjtNeag; ghthzu;
,LFwpg; ngaUk;
fhuzg; ngaUk;
290) xU nghUSf;Ff; FwpaPlhf ,l;l
ngaNu ------- MFk;.
,LFwp g; ngau;
291) fhuzk; fUjp ,lg;gl;l ngau;fs;
------------- vdg; gLk; .
fhuzg; ngau; fs;
(v.fh) gwit> tisay; > nrq; fy;
292) jkpopy; ------------- kpFjpahf cs; sd.
fhuzg; ngah; fNs
293) gpwnkhopfspy; ---------------- kpFjpahf
cs;sd.
,LFwp g; ngau; fNs
294) kiy> fhL> khL ,itnay; yhk;
------------- ngau;fs; MFk;.
,LFwp g;
295) midj;Jf;Fk; nghJthf tUk;
,LFwpg; ngau; fis -------- vdf;
$Wtu; .
,LFwpg; nghJg; ngau;
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39
296) njd; id vd; Dk; nrhy; xU
fhuzKk; > ,d; wp ,LFwpg; ngauha;
epd;W> xU nghUSf;Nf (njd;id
kuk;) rpwg;gha; tUtjhy; -------------
ngauhapw;W.
,LFwpr; rpwg; Gg;
297) fhfk; > Fapy; > Gwh> fpsp Mfpa
midj; ijAk; gwit vd; Dk;
nghJr;nrhy;yhy; miof;fpNwhk;.
mjdhy; > ,jidf; ------------------
vd; fpNwhk; .
fhuzg; nghJg; ngau;
298) tisay; NghyNt rp ynghUs;
tise; J tl; lkhf ,Uf; Fk; .
,Ug; gpDk; mitnay; yhk; tisay;
vd miof; fg; gLtJ ,y; iy.
,Ug; gp Dk; ,r; nrhy; ifap y;
mzp Ak; tisaiy kl; LNk
Fwpg; gjhy; -------------- Mapw; W.
fhuzr; rpwg; Gg; ngau;
299) chpa tpiliaj; Njh;T nra;J
vOJf:-
1. ngl;b vd;gJ --------------- MFk;.
,LFwp g; ngah;
2. rpj; jpiu khjj; jpy; gpwe; jjhy; -
------------- vd miof; fg; gl; lhd; .
rp j; jp iuahd;
3. fhuzg; nghJg; ngah; -------------
MFk; .
mzp
300) nghUj;Jf:-
1. ,LFwpg; nghJg; ngah; --
m. kuq; nfhj; jp
2. ,LFwpr; rpwg; Gg; ngah; --- M. gwit
3. fhuzg; nghJg; ngau; ---,. fhL
4. fhuzr; rpwg;Gg; ngah; -- <.gid
tpil:
1.,> 2.<> 3.M> 4.m
301) rpyg; gjpfhuk; je; j ,sq; Nfhtbfs;
--------- vd kioiag; Ngw; wp tzq; fpj;
jk; fhg; gpaj; ij njhlq; fpdhu; .
khkio Nghw; WJk; khkio
Nghw; WJk;
302) --------- vd; gd Nghd; w KJnkhopfSk;
rpwg; Gfis ekf; F czh; j; Jfpd; wd.
khhpay; yJ fhupak; ,y; iy.
303) xU nrhw; nwhlupYs; s vOtha; mjd;
gadpiyNahL --------------- ,lq; fspy;
nghUj; jkhf mika Ntz; Lk; .
jpiz> ghy;> vz;
(v.fh)
jpizg; nghUj; jk; :
Nfhykapy; xapyhf MbaJ.
(Nfhykapy; -- m/wpiz vOtha;:
MbaJ - m/wpizg; gadpiy)
ghy; nghUj; jk; :
tz;Lfs; Njd; Fbj;jd
(tz;Lfs; -- gytpd;ghy; vOtha;
Fbj;jd - gytpd;ghy; gadpiy)
vz; nghUj; jk; :
tpz; fyq; fs; tpz; zpy; gwe; jd
(tpz; fyq; fs; -- vOtha; g; gd; ik
gwe; jd - gd; ikg; gadpiy)
,lg; nghUj; jk; :
mtd; ghlk; gbj;jhd;
(mtd; -- glu;f;if vOtha;>
gbj;jhd; -- glu;f;ifg; gadpiy)
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40
rpwg; Gg; nghUj; jk; :-
ghNte; ju; > ghujp iag; Gfo; e; J
ghbdhu;. ghNte;ju; vd;Dk; ngau;
ghujpjhridNa Fwpf; Fk; vd; gjdhy; >
mJ rpwg;Gg; ngauhapw;W. rpwg;Gg;
nghUj; jk; cau; Tkl; Lky; yhJ
,opT fUjpAk; tUk;.
(v.fh)
KjiyAk; %u; f; fDk; nfhz; lJ
tplh.
,ay; Ie;J - nra;As;
jpUth&u; ehd; kzpkhiy
304) jpUth&h; ehd;kzpkhiy vd;Dk;
E}iyia ,aw;wpath; ahh;?
FkuFUguu;
305) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. vd; gzpe; j (vd; G + mzpe;j) -
vYk; ig khiyahf mzpe; j
2. njd; fkiy - njw; fpy; cs; s
jpUth&u;
3. g+q; Nfhapy; -- jpUth&h; f; Nfhapypd;
ngah;
4. Gz;zpadhu; - ,iwtu;
5. kz; Rke;jhu; -- te;jpf;fhf
,iwtd; kz;Rke;jhu;.
6. cUFthu; -- tUe;Jthu;
306) FkuFUghupd; ngw; Nwhu; ngah;
vd;d?
rz; Kfrpfhkzpf; ftpuhau; --
rptfhkRe; jup mk; ikahu; .
307) FkuFUguu; gpwe;j Cu; vJ?
jp UitFz; lk;
308) eP jpnewp tpsf; fk; Kj; Jf; Fkhurhkp
gps; isj; jkpo; > fe; ju; fyp ntz; gh>
kP dhl; rp ak; ik gp s; isj; jkp o; >
kJiuf; fyk; gfk; Mfpa E}y; fis
,aw;wpath; ahh;?
FkuFUguu;
309) FkuFUguu; tho;e;j fhyk; vJ?
fp.gp gjpdhwhk; E}w; whz; L
310) jpUth&h; ehd;kzpkhiy gphpj;J
vOJf?
jpUth&u; + ehd; F + kzpkhiy
311) -------- vOe; jUspAs; s jpahfuhrh; kP J
ghlg; ngw; w ehd; kzpkhiy vdg;
nghUs;gLk;
jp Uth&hp y;
312) ehd; kzpkhiy vd; gJ jkpopy;
toq; Fk; --------------- rpw; wpyf; fpaq;
fSs; xd;W
njhz; Z}w; whW
313) ehy; tifahd ghly; fshy; vjdhy;
Md ehw; gJ nra; As; fisf; nfhz; lJ.
ntz;gh> fl;lisf; fypj;Jiw>
Mrphpa tpUj; jk; > Mrphpag; gh.
314) jpUth&h; jpahfuhrg; ngUkhidg;
gw; wpa ngUikfis ve; j E}ypd;
%yk; mwpe; J ,d; Gwyhk; .
jpUth&h; ehd; kzpkhiy
315) Nfhbl; l ,lq; fis epug; Gf:
1. vd; gzp e; j njd; fkiy --
,t; tbapy; njd; fkiy czh; j; Jk;
nghUs; --------
njw; fpy; cs; s jpUth&h;
2. kz; Rke; jhu; vdf; Fwpg; gplg; gL
gth; ---------
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41
rp tngUkhd;
3. ------------- vd;Dk; ngaUila
fpotpf; fhf kz; Rke; J ghz; badplk;
,iwtd; (rptngUkhd; ) mbg; gl; lhu; .
te; jp
316) gphpj; J vOJf:-
m. g+q;Nfhtpy; -- g+ + Nfhtpy;
M. Gilj; njd; dhu; -- Gilj; J + vd; dhh;
,. vd; WUFthu; - vd; W + cUFthh;
<) vd; gzpe; j - vd; G + mzpe; j
mikj; J vOJf:-
1. gzpT: nghpNahhplk; ehk; gzpTld;
ele;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
2. Nfhtpy; : jQ; irg; nghpa Nfhtpy;
,uhruhrdhy; fl;lg;gl;lJ.
3. md; G: ghpR ngw; w kfidj; jha;
md;Gld; mize;Jf; nfhz;lhs;.
4. kz; : Fatd; fspkz; nfhz;l
kl;ghz;lk; nra;jhd;
nka; g; nghUs; fy; tp
318) nka; g; nghUs; fy; tp vd; Dk; E}iy
,aw;wpath; ahh;?
thzp jhrd;
319) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. gJik - cUtk;
2. nka; g; nghUs; - epiyahd nghUs;
3. fzf;fhau; - Mrphpah;.
320) thzpjhrd; vd;gthpd; ,aw;ngah;
vd;d?
vj; jpuhrY (v) muq; frhkp
321) thzpjhrd; gpwe;j Ch; vJ?
GJitia mLj;j tpy;ypaD}u;
322) thzpjhrdpd; ngw;Nwhu; ahh;?
muq; f jpUf; fhK - Jsrpak; khs;
323) thzpjhrd; ---------> -------------- vd; Dk;
gl;lq;fs; ngw;Ws;shu;.
ftpQNuW> ghtyu; kzp
324) jkpofj; jpd; ---------- vd thzp
jhridj; jkpOyfk; Gfo; fpwJ.
Ntu; l; ]; nthu; j;
325) --------->----------- Kjypa nkhopfspy;
,th; ghly;fs; nkhopngau;f;fg;
gl;Ls;sd.
cUrpak; > Mq; fpyk;
326) thzpjhrd; tho;e;j fhyf;fl;lk;
vJ?
22.07.1915 Kjy; 07.08.1974 tiu
327) nka; g; nghUs; fy; tp vd; Dk; ghly;
ftpQh; thzpjhrd; jkpo; cyfpw; Fg;
Gide; J mspj; Js; s --------------
vd; Dk; ghly; njhFg; gpypUe; J
ghlg; gFjpahf mikf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ.
Foe; ij ,yf; fpak;
328) chpa tpiliaj; Njh; T nra; f:-
m.jq; fg; gJikahk; Njhou; fNshL
- ,t; tbapy; gJik vd; Dk; nrhy;
czh;j;Jk; nghUs;.
cUtk;
1. mOf; fpy; yh - mOf; F + ,y; yh
2. mzptjhyy; yNth - mzptjhy;
+ my;yNth
3. nrt; tpjo; -- nrk; ik + ,jo;
4. mwpTz; lhk; -- mwpT + cz; lhk;
5. clw; Fz; lhk; - clw; F + cz; lhk;
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42
330)gpd; tUk; nrhw; fisr; nrhw; nwhlhpy;
mikj; J vOJf:-
1. gs; sp: vk; gs; spapy; Mapuk;
khzth;fs; gapy;fpd;wdh;.
2. gJik: ghlk; Nfl;Fk; khzth;
Xtpaj; jpy; cs; s gJikNghy;
mirtpd;wp mkh;e;J ghlj;ijf;
Nfl;f Ntz;Lk;.
3. Njhoh; : xUtUf; Fj; Jd; gk;
Vw; gLk; nghOJ mijj; jP h; g; gtNu
rpwe;j Njhoh; Mthh;.
4. fy; tp: fy; tp fw; wth; fis
vy;yhUk; Nghw;Wth;.
J}q; fh efu;
331) jkpofj; jpYs; s J}q; fh efh; vJ?
kJiu
332) Mz; bd; vy; yh ehspYk; tpohf; fs;
nfhz;lhba gb ,Ug;gjhy; --------
-------- vd; Dk; ngUik ngw; w efh;
kJiu.
jpUtpoh efu;
333) ehw; wpirapYk; fiyaoF nghUj; jpa
khngUq; NfhGuq;fNshL vl;Lr;
rpwpa NfhGuq;fisAk; nfhz;L
vopy; kpF rpw; gf; fiyf; $lkhf
tpsf; Fk; Cu; vJ?
Nfhtpy; khefu; (kJiu)
334) gok; ngUk; jkpou;jk; ehfupfj;
njhl; byhfj; jpfo; e; j kJiu ------
----- vdg; Gfo; g; ngw; w efu; MFk; .
njd; dpe; jpahtpd; Vnjd; ];
335) ghz; b ehl; bd; gioikahd
jiyefukhf tpsq; fpaJ vJ?
kJiu
336) kJiu vd; Dk; nrhy; Yf; F ------
vd;gJ nghUs;.
,dp ik
337) -------------- vdg; GwehD}W Nghw; wpaJ
jkpo; nfO $ly;
338) neQ;iras;Sk; rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy;
Xq; FrP u; kJiu> kJiu %J}u;
khefh; njd; jkpo; ed; dhl; Lj;
jP JjP u; kJiu> khz; Gil kugpd;
kJiu> thdth; ciwAk; kJiu>
gjpnaOtwpaha; gz;G Nkk;gl;l
kJiu %J}u; vdg; gw; gy mil
nkhopfshy; kJiuf; Fg; Gfo; khiy
#l;b kfpo;e;jth; ahh;?
,sq; Nfhtbfs;
339) Nru ehL NtoKilj;J> NrhoehL
NrhWilj; J> ghz; baehL Kj; Jilj; J>
njhz;ilehL ----------- cilj;J
vd; gd jkpofj; jpd; rpwg; ig czh; j; Jk; .
rhd; Nwhu; .
340) kJiuf; Ff; ------ vdTk; ------ vdTk;
NtW ngah;fs; cs;sd.
$ly; > Mytha;
341) ---------- >----------->--------->-------- Mfpa
ehd; F jpUf; Nfhtpy; fs; Nrh; e; jike;
jjhy; ehd;khlf; $ly; vd;Dk;
ngah; toq;fyhapw;W.
jp Uth yth a; > jp Ues; sh W>
jpUKlq; if> jpUeLt+u;
342) ve; j ehd; F jp Uf; Nfhtp y; fs;
kJiuf; Ff; fhtyhf mike; Js; sJ?
fd; dpNfhtpy; > fhpakhy; Nfhtpy; >
fhspNfhtpy; > Mytha; f; Nfhtpy;
Mfpait MFk;.
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43
343) tUzd; kJiuia mop f; f
vj; jid Nkfq; fis mDg; gpdhd; ?
VO
344) ,iwtdplk; ghz;bad; Kiwapl
,iwtd; ----------- Nkfq; fis
kJiuiaf; fhf;f mDg;gpdhh;.
ehd; F
345) ehd; F khlq; fshff; $b kJiuiaf;
fhj; jikahy; ehd; khlf; $ly;
vd; dk; ngah; Vw; gl; ljhff; $wpaJ
ahh; ?
guQ; Nrhjp ahu;
346) rq; fk; itj; Jr; nre; jkpio tsh; f; f>
Gyth; vy; yhUk; $bajhy; -------------
vd; Dk; ngah; Vw; gl; ljhfTk;
mwpQh; $Wth;?
$ly;
347) kJiuap y; vOe; jUsp a <rd;
Myku epoypy; tPw;wpUe;jjhy; -----
-------- vd; Dk; ngah; vw; gl; ljhfTk;
$Wth; .
Mytha;
348) kUj kuq;fs; mlh;e;j gFjpahf
,Ue;jikahy; ------ vd toq;fpa
,lk; fhyNghf; fp y; kJiu
vd; whfpajhk; .
kUij
349) fy; ntl; by; --------- vd; w ngah;
fhzg; gLfpwJ.
kjp iu
Fwp g; G:-
rq;fg;Gytu;fSs; fzf;fhadhu;
kfdhu; ef; fP udhu; > Fkudhu; >
ey; ye; Jtdhu; > kUjdps ehfdhu; >
,se; jp Ukhwd; > rP j; jiyr;
rhj; jdhu; > ngUq; nfhy; ydhu; >
fz;zfdhu;> fjq;fz;zhfdhu;>
Nre; jk; g+ jdhu; Kjyp Nahu;
md; iwa kJiuapy; tho; e; Njhuhth; .
350) kJiuap y; Milfs; tp w; Fk;
filg; gFjpf; Fg; ngah; vd; d?
mWit tPjp
351) kJiu tPjpfspd; ngah;:-
1. $ytPjp - jhdpaf;fil
2. nghd;tPjp - nghw;filfs;
3. kd; dth; tP jp - kd; du; thOk; gFjp
4. kiwath; tP jp - me; jzu; tP jp
352) mupkh; j; jd ghz; baDf; F mikr; ruh
fj; jpfo;e;jth; ahu;?
khzp f; fthrfh;
353) $d; ghz; bad; fhyj; jpy; kJiuapy;
kq; ifau; f; furp > Fyr; rp iwahu;
cjtpAld; irtj; ijf; fhj; jtu;
ahh; ?
jp UQhdrk; ge; ju;
354) jpUkiy ehaf; fu; vijj; jiy
efuhff; nfhz;L Mz;lhh;.?
kJiuia
355) Nfhil tpLjpahd jKf; fKk; >
Fsph; g+e; jlhfkhfpa nghpa njg; gf;
FsKk; > fiy eaj; jpy; jh[; kfhiy
nahj; j ------------ mikj; J kJiuia
moFgLj;jpdhu;.
jpUkiy ehf;fu; kfhiyAk;
356) kJiuiaj; jpUkiy ehaf; fu; ---
--- efukhf tpsf;fKwr; nra;jhu;.
tpoh ky; F
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44
357) -------------- mikj;j rj;jpuq;fSk;
rhiyfSk; kJiuf; Fg; ngUik
Nrh;g;gdthf ,d;Wk; jpfo;fpd;wd.
,uhzp kq; fk; khs;
358) guQ; Nrhjpahupd; jpUtpisahlw;
Guhzk; jUkpf;F ,iwtd; ----------
ghly; je; jik gw; wpf; $WfpwJ?
jz; lkpo; g;
359) kJiuiar; Rw; wpAs; s kiyfspy;
tho;e;j rkz Kdptu;fshy; -------
--- ,aw; wg; ngw; wJ.
ehybahu;
360) kPdhl;rpak;ikNa rpWkpahf te;J
Kj; Jkzp khiyia ahUf; Fg;
ghprspj;jJ?
FkuFUguUf; F
361) rpyg;gjpfhuf; fhg;gpaj; jiytd;
Nfhtyd; nfhiyf; fsg; gl; l ,lk;
---- vd; Dk; ngaUld; ,d; Wk;
mg; gFjp kf; fsplk; toq; fg; gLfpwj.
Nfhtyd; nghl; ly;
362) goq; fhy kjpypd; vQ; rpa xU
rpWgFjp --------- tP jpapy; khefuhl; rpj;
njd;kz;ly mYtykhf ,aq;fp
tUfpwJ.
Nkyntsp
363) fPothry; Nkythry; njw;Fthry;
tlf; Fthry; vd toq; fg; gLk;
,lq;fs;---------- kjpy; thapy;fs;
,Ue; j ,lq; fhsf mwpag; gLfpd; wd.
Nfhl; ilap d;
364) ifapw; rpyk; Gld; cl; fhu; e; jpUf; Fk;
cUtr;rpiy mike;j Nfhtpy; ---
------ Nfhtpyhf ,d;Wk; kf;fshy;
topglg; gLfpwJ.
nry; yj; jk; kd;
365) kPdhl;rpak;kd; Nfhtpypd; ehd;F
NfhGuq; fSs; gioikahdJ vJ?
fpof; Ff; NfhGuk;
366) kP dhl; rpak; kd; Nfhtpypd; caukhd
NfhGuk; vJ?
njw; Ff; NfhGuk;
Fwp g; G:-
njw; Ff; NfhGuk; 160.9 mb cauKk; >
1511 Rij cUtq; fSk; cilaJ.
367) fp.gp ,uz; lhk; E}w; whz; by; vOe; j
rpyg; gjpfhuk; kJiu ---------- vdf;
Fwpg; gpLfpwJ.
%J}u;
368) kuk; gad;gLj;jhky; fl;lg;gl;lJ
vJ?
ehaf; fu; kfhy;
Fwp g; G:-
ehaf; fu; kfhypy; cs; s xt; nthU
J}Zk; 82 mb cauKk; 19
Rw; wsTk; nfhz; lJ.
369) ghz; ba ehL vjw; Fg; ngah; ngw; wJ.
Kj; J
370) NrhoehL vjw; Fg; ngah; ngw; wJ?
NrhW
371) kP dhl; rpak; ik gps; isj; jkpio
,aw;wpatu; ahh;?
FkuFUguu;
372) ehd; fhk; jkp o; r; rq; fj; ijj;
Njhw;wptpj;jth; ahh;?
ghz; bj; Jiuahu;
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45
mwpT El; gk; (Jizg; ghlk; )
mWtifg; ngah;r;nrhw;fs;
373) Mly; > ghly; > tl; lk; > moF
MfpadTk; ---------- MFk; .
ngau; r; nrhw; fs;
374) ngau; r; nrhw; fis ,yf; fz E}yhh;
vj; jid tifg; gLj; Jth; ? mit
ahit?
MW tifg; gLk;
mit:
1. nghUl; ngau;> ----------------
2. ,lg; ngau;> ----------------
3. fhyg; ngau;> ----------------
4. rpidg; ngau;> ----------------
5. Fzg; ngau;> ----------------
6. njhopw; ngau; > ----------------
375) nghUisf; Fwpf;Fk; ngah; ---------
MFk; .
nghUl; ngah;
376) nghUl; ngau; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
nghUl; ngah; ,Utifg; gLk;
mit:-
capUs; s nghUs; > capuw; w nghUs;
377) Fkud; > kyh; f; nfhb> njd; id>
nrk; gUj; jp> nts; shL> Xzhd;
Kjypad vt; tifg; nghUs; MFk; .
capUs; s nghUs; fs;
378) ehw; fhyp> mLg; G> jl; L> vz; nza; >
kz; > eP u; > fhw; W Kjypad vt; tifg;
nghUs; MFk;.
capuw; w nghUs; fs;
379) tP L> njU> gs; sp> Nfhtpy; > kf; fs;
thoplk; > Njhl; lk; vd ,lq; fisf;
Fwpg;gpdnty;yhk; ------- ngah;fs;
MFk; .
,lg; ngah; fs;
380) nehb> tpehb> kzp> nghOJ> fpoik>
thuk; > jpq; fs; > Mz; L vd vy; yhNk
------ MFk; .
fhyg; ngah; fs;
381) rpid vd; gJ xd; wpd; ---------- Fwpg; gJ
MFk; .
cWg; igf;
382) kdpj cWg; Gfs; > tpyq; F cWg; Gfs; >
jhtug; gFjpfs; > nghUs; fspy;
gFjp fs; OOikahd xd; wp d;
gFjpfisf; Fwpf; Fk; ngah; fs; -
---------- vdg; gLk; .
rpidg; ngah; fs;
383) Fzg; ngaiug; --------- vdTk;
$Wth; .
gz; Gg; ngah;
384) gbj; jy; > fw; gpj; jy; ---------- vdg; gLk; .
njhopy; ngau; fs;
ngau; tif - ngau;
1. nghUl; ngau; - fz;zd;> ehw;fhyp
2. ,lg; ngah; -- NtY}h;> ehkf;fy;
3. fhyg; ngah; -- ijj; jpq; fs; > ez; gfy;
4. rpidg; ngah; - Kfk; > if
5. Fzg; ngah; -- tl;lk;> moF
6. njhopw; ngau; - Mly;> ghly;
385) chpa tpiliaj; Njh;T nra;f:-
1. kJiu vd; gJ ---------- ngah; .
m) fhyg; ngah; > M) Fzg; ngah; >
,) ,lg; ngah;
tpil: ,lg; ngah;
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46
2. g+q; nfhb g+g; gwpf; fpwhs; .
,j;njhlhpYs;s g+ vd;gJ ---------
ngah;.
m) nghUl; ngah; > M) rpidg; ngah; >
,) njhopw;ngah;
tpil: rpidg; ngah;
3. rJuk; ,J --------- ngah;
m) nghUl;ngah; M) fhyg;ngah;
,) Fzg;ngah;
tpil: Fzg; ngah;
386) Nfhbl;l ,lq;fspy; Vw;w ngah;r;
nrhw; fis vOJf:-
1. ---------- g+ir elf;fpwJ.
2. ----------- mirfpwJ.
3. ---------- gs; spf; F tpLKiw.
4. ---------- cile;J tpl;lJ.
5. ---------- %d; W Nfhzq; fis
cilaJ.
6. --------- ty;ytd; ,uhkd;.
tpil: 1. Nfhtpypy; > 2. nfhb>
3. ehis> 4. ghid> 5. Kf; Nfhzk; >
6. tpy;tpj;ijapy;.
387) ftpauR fz; zjhrd; vq; F vg; NghJ
gpwe;jhh;?
rpW$ly;gl;b vd;Dk; rpw;W}upy;
1927
388) fz;zjhrdpd; ,aw;ngah; vd;d?
Kj; ijah
389) fhiuKj; Jg; Gyth; > tzq; fhKb>
ghh; tjp ehjd; > MNuhf; fp ehjd; >
fkfg; gphpah vdg; gy Gidg; ngah; fs;
ahUf;F cz;L?
fz; zjhrd;
390) ftp auR fz; zjhrd; ----------
Nkw;gl;l jpiug;glg; ghly;fis
,aw;wpAs;shh;.
Iahap uj; jp w; Fk;
391) fz; zjhrd; kiwe; j Mz; L vJ?
1981
392) ehk; nra; jpfisAk; fUj; JfisAk;
gpwhplk; $Wk;nghOJ Ritglf;
$Wtjw; fhf xNu nghUs; jUk;
,Unrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;JtJ --
--------- vdg; gLk; .
Neh; ,izr; nrhw;fs;
(v.fh)
1. fhNthp fz; Zq; fUj; Jkhfg;
gbg;ghs;.
2. tstdpd; je; ij NgUk;GfOk;
kpf; fth; .
393) vjpuhd fUj;ijf; $Wk;nghOJ
vjph;g;nghUs; jUk; nrhw;fisg;
gad; gLj; Jjy; ----------- vdg; gLk; .
vjph; ,izr; nrhw;fs;
(v.fh)
1. Nfhghyd; cau; Tjho; tpd; wp
midthplKk; goFk; gz; ghsu; .
2. kyu;f;nfhbapd; je;ij my; Yk;
gfYk; mauhJ cioj; jtu; .
394) chpa ,izr; nrhw; fis vLj; Jf;
Nfhbl;l ,lq;fspy; epug;Gf:
(,uTgfy; > Vw; wj; jho; T> fw; NwhUk;
kw; NwhUk; > mbj; Jg; gp bj; J>
gj; jpgj; jpahf)
1. mz; zy; mk; Ngj; fh; rKjhaj; jpy;
fhzg; gLk; - - - - - - - - - - - - - fisf;
fisag; ghLgl;lhu;.
Vw; wj; jho; T
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47
2. fl;Liu vOJk; NghJ -------------
vOj Ntz; Lk; .
gj; jp gj; jp ahf
3. cyfk;> #hpaidr; Rw;Wtjhy;
-------------- Njhd;WfpwJ.
,uTgfy;
4. NgUe;jpy; ,lk; gpbf;f -----------
VwpNdd; .
mbj; Jg; gp bj; J
5. NeUtpd; mwpthw;wiyf; ----------
Nghw;wpg; Gfo;e;jdh;.
fw; NwhUk; > kw; NwhUk;
395) f;>q;>r;>Q; ------- Mfpa gjpndl;L
nka;naOj;JfSk; caph; vOj;
ijNah> capu;nka;naOj;ijNah
njhlh; e; J ----------- thpirahf tUk; .
nka; naOj; J
396) n[h; kdp ehl; bd; nfhLq; Nfhyuhff;
fUjg;gl;lth; ahh;?
`p l; yu;
397) `pl; yUf; F vjpuhfj; jpwikahf
thjhb> vOj; J %yk; `pl; yiu
kd;dpg;Gf; Nfl;fr; nra;jth; ahh;?
nrz; gfuhkd;
,ay; MW
nra;As; - Vu;Kid
398) Vu; Kid vd; w ghliy vOjpath;
ahh; ?
kUjfhrp
399) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. khup - kio
2. Nrkk; - eyk;
3. Njrk; - ehL
4. Kl; L - Ftpay;
5. nej; jp - new; wp
400) Mrphpah; Fwpg;G:-
ngah; : m. kUjfhrp
gpwe; j Cu; : jpUr; rp khtl; lj; jpYs; s
Nkyf; FbfhL
ngw; Nwhu; : ma; ak; ngUkhs; > kpsfhap
mk; khs;
rpwg; G : jpiuf; ftpj; jpyfk;
fhyk; : 13.02.1920 - 29.11.1989
401) ---- vd; Dk; jiyg; gpy; jpiuf;
fijfSf; F vOjpa ghly; fs;
njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
jpiuf; ftpj; jpyfk; m.kUjfhrp
ghly; fs;
402) ---------- vd; Dk; jiyg; gpd; fP o; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;s ghly;> ghlg;gFjpapy;
,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
r%fk;
403) Nfhbl;l ,lj;ij epug;Gf:-
1. epfuw; w njhopy; --------
tpil: coTj; njhopy;
2. coth; fs; nry; tkhff; fUJtJ
------
tpil: ney; kzpfis
3. ney; iy ----------- Ftpg; gh; .
tpil: Kl; LKl; lha;
4. coth;fs; tpah;itia -----------
rpe;jpdh;.
tpil: Kj; JKj; jha;
404) gphpj;J vOJf:-
1. Neupq;Nf - Neh; + ,q;Nf
2. NrkKw - Nrkk; + cw
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48
3. Njrnky; yhk; - Njrk; + vy; yhk;
4. gUtg;ngz; - gUtk; + ngz;
nghq; fy; topghL
405) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. jpU - nry;tk;
2. fdfk; - nghd;
3. Nfh - murd;
4. epNtjdk; - gilayKJ
5. Gutp - Fjpiu
6. fLfp - tpiue; J
406) nghq; fy; topghL vd; w ghliy
vOjpath; ahh;?
e.gp r; r%u; j; jp
407) e.gpr; r%u; j; jpapd; ,aw; ngah; vd; d?
e.Ntq; fl kfhypq; fk;
408) e.gpr;r%u;j;jpapd; gpwe;j Cu; vJ?
jQ; rht+ u; khtl; lj; jp Ys; s
Fk; gNfhzk;
409) e.gpr; r%u; j; jp nra; J te; j njhopy;
vd;d?
1924 - 1938 tiu tof; FiuQh;
1938 - 1954 tiu Nfhtpy; epUthf
mYtyh;
410) e. gpr;r%u;j;jp vOjpa E}y;fspd;
ngah; vd;d?
fijfs; > kuGf; ftpijfs; > GJf;
ftpijfs; > Xuq; f ehlfq; fs;
411) e.gpr; r%u; j; jp tho; e; j fhyk; vJ?
15.08.1900 - 04.12.1976
412) e.gpr; r%u; j; jpapd; ftpij E}y; fs;
--------- E}w; whz; bd; jw; fhy
,yf; fp aj; Jiwf; Fk; Gjp a
rpwg;Gfisr; Nrh;e;jpUf;fpd;wd.
,Ugjhk;
413) e.gpr; r%u; j; jp ftpijfs; vd; Dk;
E}ypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s -----------
ftpijfspy; xd;W ,g;nghq;fy;
topghL vd; Dk; ftpij.
vz;gj;J %d;W
1. new;fjpu; --- ney; + fjpH
2. epyTKz; Nlh - epyTk; + cz; Nlh
3. kz; Zz; Nlh - kz; + cz; Nlh
4. epd;db - epd; + mb
5. xspAz;Nlh - xsp + cz;Nlh
415) gpd; tUk; nrhw; fisr; nrhw; nwhupy;
mikj; J vOJf:
1. fdp -
2. fjpu; --
3. fjputd; ---
4. fUk;G -
5. capu; --
jhq;fNs Kaw;rp nra;f.
nerT (ciuahly;)
ciueil
416) Vl; Lr; Riuf; fha; ----------- cjthJ.
fwp f; F
417) mr;Rkuk;> gilkuk;> tpOJfk;G>
Fj;Jf;fk;gp> Xlk;> CilFoy;>
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49
ghT ,itnay; yhk; ---------- gad; gLk;
fUtpfs; .
jwp nea; ag;
418) jpU.tp.f tpw; Fg; gpbj; j g+ vJ?
gUj;jpg; g+
419) E}y; vz; 10> vz; 20> vz; 60>
vz; 80> vz; 100> vz; 120 vd
mjd; nkd; ikj; jd; ikf; F Vw; g
vjidg; ngahpl; L miof; fpd; Nwhk; .
gQ;rpypUe;J E}w;fg;gLk; E}iy
420) fhQ; rp> Muzp> kJiu> Nfhit>
gukf;Fb> rpd;dhsg;gl;b> <NuhL>
nrd; dpkiy> ciwa+u; > jpUg; Gtdk;
Kjypa Cu;fspy; ------- ,d;Dk;
eilngWfpwJ.
ifj; jwp nerT
421) efh; g; Gwq; fspy; ----------- nerT
eilngWfpwJ.
,ae; jp u
422) jpUg;g+u; ------- Milf;Fg; ngah;
ngw; wJ.
gp d; dyhil
423) Rq; Fbg; Glitfs; ve; j Cup y;
jahhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd?
kJiuap y;
424) ciwa+u; ngau; ngw;w Nriyfs;
vJ?
fz; lhq; fp r;
425) gl; lhilfs; vq; F jahhpf; fg; gLfpwJ?
fhQ; rp Guj; jp y;
426) gl; lhilfs; jahhpf; fg; gad; gLtJ
vJ?
gl; Lg; GO
427) mz; zy; fhe; jpabfs; ngUe; jiytu;
fhkuhru; > je; ij nghpahu; > NguwpQu;
mz; zh Kjyp Nahu; - - - - - - - - -
Milfis mzpe; jdu; .
ifj; jwp
428) Fsphpy; thba kapYf; Fg; Nghh; it
Nghh;j;jpaJ ahh;?
ts; sy; Ngfd;
429) Milap y; yh kdp jd; -----------
kdpjd; .
miu
430) Ms; ghjp: ------- ghjp vd; Dk;
gonkhopfs; Milapd; rpwg; igf;
Fwpf; fpd; wd.
Mil
431) nra;Ak; njhopypy; rPu; J}f;fpd; --
---- njhopYf; F epfhpy; iy vd; Dk;
tof; fhWk; cz; L.
nea; Ak;
432) cyfpNyNa ifj; jwp nertpd;
Kd;Ndhb ------ MFk;.
jkpofk;
433) kq; if jd; gpwe; j ehs; ghprhfj;
je; ijaplk; Nfl; l Mil vJ?
ifj;jwp Mil
434) nghUj;Jf:-
1. fhQ;rp - m. Rq;Fbg; Glitfs;
2. jpUg; g+u; - M. fz; lhq; fpr; Nriyfs;
3. kJiu - ,. Nghu;itfs;
4. ciwa+u; - <. gpd;dhilfs;
5. nrd;dpkiy - c. gl;lhilfs;
tpilfs; :-
1 - c> 2 - <> 3 - m> 4- M> 5 - ,
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50
jkpo; ehlf Kd; Ndhbfs;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
435) fz; Zf; Fk; fhJf; Fk; kdj; Jf; Fk;
,d; gk; gaf; Fk; fiy vJ?
ehlf; fiy
436) Ma fiyfs; ----- cz; L.
mWgj; J ehd; F
437) rq; f fhyj; jpy; fpilj; j ehlf ,yf; fz
E}y; fs; vj; jid? mit ahit?
ehd; F E}y; fs; fpilj; jd.
mit:
rae; jk; > KWty; > kjp thzd; >
ehlfj; jkpo; > nrapw; wpak;
438) kf; fspilNa eilngw; w ehlfq; fs;
vit?
gs; S> FwtQ; rp > neh z; b
ehlfq; fs; > fP u; j; jid ehlfq; fs;
MFk; .
439) ,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; by; ehlfj;
jkpOf; Fg; Gj; Japu; Cl; l Xu;
vOr; rpiaj; Njhw; Wtpj; jth; fs; ahu; ?
gup jp khw; fiyQu; > rq; fujhR
Rthkpfs; > gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhu;
MfpNahu; Mtu; .
440) ----------- vd; Dk; jk; ngaiuj; J}a
jkpopy; ghpjpkhw; fiyQd; vd
khw; wp mikj; Jf; nfhz; lhu; .
#hpa ehuhaz rh]; jpup
441) ---------- gzpahw; wpf; nfhz; Nl ehlfj;
njhz; lhw; wpath; ghpjpkhw; fiyQd; .
jkpo; g; Nguhrphpauha; g;
442) ghpjpkhw; fiyQu; ---------- eilapy;
ehlfq; fis ,aw; wp muq; Nfw; wpdhu; .
nrk; khe; j rPhpa nre; jkpo;
443) jkp ofj; jp y; ahiug; Nghd; W
ehlfhrpupah;fs; Njhd;w Ntz;Lk;
vdg; nghpJk; tpioe; jth; ghpjpkhw;
fiyQu;?
Nkiy ehl; L ehlf Mrphpau; fshd
Nrf; ]; gpau; > vg; rd; > Nkhypau;
444) ghpjpkhw; fiyQupd; ehlfq; fs; vit?
&ghtjp> fyhtjp> khdtp[ak;
445) tlnkhop> Nkdhl; L kuGfisj;
jkpo; ehlf kuNghL ,izj; J -----
--- vd; Dk; E}iyg; ghp jp khw;
fiyQu; gilj; jhu; .
ehlftp ay;
446) --------- ehlfk;> fstop ehw;gJ
vd; Dk; ,yf; fpaj; ij mbg; gil
ahff; nfhz;L ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.
khdtp [ak;
447) ehlfj; jkpo; cyfpd; ,kakiy
vdg; ghuhl;lg;gLth; ahh;?
rq; fujhR Rthkpfs;
448) rq; fujhR Rthkpfs; ts; sp jpUkzk; >
Nfhtyd; rhpj; jpuk; > rjp RNyhrdh>
,ytFrh> gf; jp g; gp ufyhjh>
ey;yjq;fhs;> rjp mDRah> tPu
mgpkd;A> gtsf;nfhb Kjypa --
----- ehlfq;fis ,aw;wpAs;shu;.
ehw; gJ
449) Jbg;gpUf;Fk; rq;fujhR vOj;jpy;
vy;yhk; Ritnrhl;Lk; re;jeak;
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51
Njha; e; jp Uf; Fk; vd; W ahu;
rq; fujhR Rthkpfisg; Gfo; fpd; whu; ?
Gj; jNdup Rg; ukzpak;
450) rq;fujhR Rthkpfs; ,aw;wpa -----
----- ehlfk; kJiuapy; muq; NfwpaJ.
Nfhty rhpj; jpuk;
451) khghtpNahu; $b thOk; khefUf; F
kd;dh NghfhjPu;
,e;jg; ghlypy; kh> gh> tp Mfpa
,t; ntOj; J vijf; Fwpf; fpwJ
vd;W Rthkpfs; $wpdhu;?
kh vd;gJ miyfs;
gh vd;gJ fiykfs;
tp vd; gJ kiykfisAk;
Fwp f; fp wJ.
452) vkd; > ,uhtzd; > ,uzp ad;
Kjypa Ntlq; fs; Gide; jJ ahu; ?
Rq; fujhR Rthkpfs;
453) Rthkpfs; vOj; Jj; jpwikNahL -
------ jpwikAk; ngw; wpUe; jhu; .
ebg; Gj;
454) rq; fujhR Rthkp fs; tho; e; j
fhyf;fl;lk; vJ?
1867 - 1920
455) 1891 Mk; Mz; L jdJ gjpndl; lhk;
tajpy; RFztpyhr rigiaj;
njhlq; fp j; jkp o; kf; fsp d;
rpe; jidia ehlff; fiy Nehf; fpj;
jpir jpUg;gpath; ahh;?
gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhu;
456) ebfu; fshy; -------- vd kjpf; fg; gl; lhu; .
457) gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhu; vq; Fg;
gzpahw; wpath; ?
ePjpkd; wj; jpy;
458) rk;ge;jdhu; ---------- ehlfq;fisj;
jkpod; idf; Fg; gilj; jspj; jhu; .
njhz; Z}w; W ehd; F
459) gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhu; jkp; od; idf; Fg;
gilj; jspj; j njhz; Z}w; W ehd; F
ehlfq; fspy; rpytw; iwf; $Wf.
kNdhfuh> aahjp> rpWj; njhz; ld; >
fu; zd; > rghgjp> nghd; tpyq; F
vd; gd MFk; .
460) gk;ky; rk;ge;jdhu; Nrf;];gpaupd;
ehlfq; fisj; jOtp ------> ----------->
---------> Kjypa jkpo; ehlfq; fisg;
gilj; jhu; .
thzpGuj;J tzpfd;> tpUk;gpa
tpjNk> mkyhjpj; jpad; .
461) rp we; j ehlf ,af; FeuhfTk;
jpwikahd ebfuhfTk; mwpTkpf; f
MrphpauhfTk; tpsq;fpath; ahu;?
462) ------- vd; w tifapidAk; ehlf
ieahz;bapidAk; jkpo; ehlf
cyFf; F mwp Kfg; gLj; jp ath;
gk;ky; rk;ge;jdhu;.
Nfspf; if ehlfk;
463) gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhupd; gilg; ghd -----
ehlfg; ghj; jpuk; ,d; wsTk; kwf; f
Kbahj eifr; Ritg; ghj; jpukhFk; .
rghgjp
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52
464) rghgjp jkpopy; ----- vd; Dk; jiyg; gpy;
fl;Liu vOjpdhu;.
,dpa gazk;
465) ------> -----> -----> Mfp a %d; W
fiyQu; fSk; jk; vOj; Jj;
jp wikahYk; ebg; ghw; whYk;
ehlfj; jkpo; tsh; r; rpf; fhf cioj; j
rhd;Nwhu; Mtu;.
ghp jp khw; fiyQh; > rq; fujhR
Rthkpfs; > gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhu;
466) gupjpkhw; fiyQiuj; ------- vd; W
Nghw;Wth;?
jkpo; ehlfg; Nguhrphpah;
467) rq; fujhR Rthkpfisj; ------- vd; Wk;
Nghw;Wth;?
jkpo ehlfj; jiyik Mrphpau;
468) gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhiuj; ----- vd; W
ehlf cyfk; Nghw; wp tzq; FfpwJ.
jkpo; ehlfj; je;ij
tpidKw; W> nganur; rk; >
tpidnar; rk;
469) tUfpd;whd;> tUthd; vd nray;
Kbe; jijf; Fwpf; Fk; nrhy; Ny ---
-- MFk; .
tp idKw; W
470) gOj; j vd; Dk; nrhy; ------ vdg; gLk; .
Kw; Wg; ngwhj tpidr; nrhy;
471) xU ngaiuf; nfhz; L KbAk;
Kw;Wg; ngwhj tpidr;nrhy;Ny --
------- MFk; .
nganur; rk;
(v.fh) 1. gok; vd;Dk; ngau;r;
nrhy; iyf; nfhz; L KbT ngWfpwJ.
472) vLj; J vd; Dk; nrhy; ------ tpidr;
nrhy; MFk;.
KbTngwhj
473) tpidiaf; nfhz; L KbAk; vr; rk;
------- vdg; gLk; .
tp idnar; rk;
474) tpidnar; rk; ---------- fhyj; ijAk;
czh; j; Jk; .
%d; W
475) vLj; J te; jhd; - ,/J ---------
tpidnar; rk; MFk; .
,we; jfhy
476) vLj; J tUfpd; whd; vd; gJ -------
--- tpidnar; rk; vdg; gLk; .
epfo; fhy tpidnar; rk;
477) vLj; J tUthd; ve; j tpidnar; rk;
MFk; .
vjp h; fhy
478) ml;ltizia epug;Gf:-
t.vz; tpidKw; W
nganur;rk; tpidnar;rk;
1
2
3
4 gbj;jhd
---------------
fz;lhd;;
-------------------- ----------
te; j
----------------
Nfl;l gbj;J
te;J
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53
fz; L
---------------------
479) ek; Kd; Ndhh; vg; nghUis vr; nrhy;
yhy; Fwpj; J toq; fpdhu; fNsh
mg; nghUis mr; nrhy; yhy;
Fwpg; gNj -------- vdg; gLk; .
kuG
480) kuGr; nrhw; fisg; gad; glj; jhky;
NtW nrhw; fisg; gad; gLj; JtJ
----- vdg; gLk; .
kuGg;gpio
481) kuGr; nrhy; Yf; F vLj; Jf; fhl; L jUf
ahidf; fd; W
482) kuGg; gpiof; F vLj; Jf; fhl; L jUf
ahidf; Fl; b
483) capu; fisg; gypapl Ntz; lhk;
vd; W kd; du; gpk; gprhuu; f; F mwpTiu
$wpath; ahu;?
nfsjk; Gj; ju;
,ay; VO
nra;As; - jpUf;Fws;
484) nrhw;nghUs; :-
1. frL -- Fw; wk;
2. epw; f --- fw; wthW elf; f
3. vz; -- vz; fs; > fzpjk;
4. vOj; J -- ,yf; fz ,yf; fpaq; fs;
5. ctg; g - kfpo
6. jiyf;$b - xd;W Nrh;e;J
7. cilahu; -- nry;tk; cilahu;
8. ,y;yhu; -- nry;tk; ,y;yhjtu;
9. Vf; fw; W - ftiyg; gl; L
10. filau; -- jho;e;jtu;
11. njhl; lidj; J - Njhz; Lk; msT
12. khe; jh; --- kf; fs;
13. rhe; JizAk; -- rhFk; tiuapYk;
14. Vkhg;G - ghJfhg;G
15. fhKWth; -- tpUk;Gth;
16. tpOr; nry; tk; - rpwe; j nry; tk;
17. khL - nry; tk;
1. ctg; gj; jiyf; $b -------- gphpjy;
midj; Nj Gyth; njhopy; .
tpil: cs; sg;
2. xUikf;fhz; jhd;fw;w ------
xUtw; F vOikAk; Vkhg; G cilj; J.
tpil: fy; tp
3. Nfby; tpOr; nry; tk; fy; tp
xUtw; F khly; y kw; iw -------
tpil: ahit
486) gphpj; J vOJf:
1. frlw - frL + mb
2. vOj; njd; g - vOe; J + vd; g
3. kzw; Nfzp - kzy; + Nfzp
4. fw; wwpe; jhu; - fw; W + mwpe;jhH
5. khly; y - khL + my;y
mikf; f:
m) vOj; J -
M) Kfk; ---
,) Gyth; --
<) mwpT -
,tw;wpw;F tpilfhz Kaw;rp nra;f
Kf;$lw; gs;S
488) Ckj;jk; g+it tpUk;gpr; #Lk;
,iwtd; ahu;?
rp tngUkhd;
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54
489) kUJ}hpy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; ,iwtd;
ahh; ?
rp tngUkhd;
490) kUJ}hpy; cs;s kf;fs; nra;Ak;
njhopy; vJ?
cNyhfj; njhopy;
491)nrhw; nghUs; jUf:
1.jj; Jk; Gdy; -- miynawpAk; eP Uk;
2. Kj; jk; milf; Fk; - Kj; Jfs;
kpf; Fg; ngUfp ,ilNa milj; Jf;
nfhz; L fplf; Fk;
3. fypg; G Ntiy - fUkhu; > nfhy; yu; >
jl; lhu; Kjyp Nahu; nra; Ak;
njhopy; fs;
4. rpj;uk; -- rpwg;ghd fhl;rpfs;
5. kNjhd; kj; jh; -- ngUk; gpj; jdhfpa
rptngUkhd;
492) Kf; $lw; gs; S vd; Dk; E}iy
ehlfg; ghq; fpy; mikj; J ,aw; wpath;
ahh; ?
vd; dapdhg; Gyth;
493) Kf; $lw; gs; S ---------- mike; j
ghf; fisf; nfhz; l E}y; MFk; .
re; jeak;
494) eP h; ep iwe; j gs; skhd Nrw; W
epyj; jpy; coTj; njhopy; nra; J
thOk; ghku kf;fshfpa gs;su;
fspd; tho; f; ifiar; rpj; jhpj; Jf;
$Wtjhf mike; j E}y; vJ?
gs; S
495) tha; f; fhy; eP iu milj; jJ vJ?
Kj; Jfs;
496) jpUney; Ntypf; Fr; rw; W tlfpof; fpy;
---------> ----------> ---------> vd %d; W
MWfs; $Lfpd; wd?
jz; ngh Uie> rp w; wh W>
Nfhjz; luhk MW
497) %d; W MWfs; $Lk; ,lj; jpw; F -------
vd;W ngah;?
Kf; $ly;
498) Kf; $lYf; F - - - - - - vd; Dk;
ngaUKz;L.
M#h; tlfiu ehL
499) Kf;$lYf;Fj; njd;ghy; cs;s
gFjp ------- vd toq; fg; ngWfpd; wJ.
rPtykq; ifj; njd; fiuehL
500) ,U kidtpfs; kze; J jpz; lhLk;
gs; sdp d; tho; f; if tsj; ij
tbj;Jiug;gJ Nghyg; ghlg;gl;l
E}y; vJ?
Kf; $lw; gs; S
501) mf; fhy kf; fspd; coTj; njhopy; >
fhisfspd; gy;NtW ngah;fs;>
tpijfspd; ngah; fs; > kP d; tiffs;
vd kUj epytsk; gw; wp mwpa
cjTk; E}y; vJ?
Kf; $lw; gs; S
502). xd;gJ kzpfs;
Kj; J> gtsk; > kufjk; > khzpf; fk; >
Gl; guhfk; > ,uj; jp dk; > ituk; >
it^hpak;> NfhNkjk;
,aw; if Ntshz; ik
(ciueil)
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55
503) Ntshz; ikg; gy; fiyf; fofk; vq; F
cs;sJ?
Nfhit
504) Nfhitapy; eilngWk; Ntshz; ikg;
gy; fiyf; fof fz; fhl; rp f; Fr;
nry; y KFe; jDld; ah h ;
tUtjhff; $wpAs;shh;?
fay; tp op
505) Ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf;foj;jpy;
ahUila khkh neLkhwd; Nguhrphpa
uhfg; gzpahw;wp tUfpwhh;?
Ntyd;
506) KFe; jd; > Ntyd; > fay; tpop Mfpa
%tUk; ---- nrd; W Ntshz;
fz; fhl; rpiag; ghu; j; J kfpo; fpd; wdh; ?
Nfhitf; Fr;
507) Ntshz; ikj; Jiwapy; nraw; if
cuq; fs; g+r; rpf; nfhy; yp kUe; Jfisg;
gad; gLj; Jtjhy; ------> ---------> -----
- - - - Kjyp a tho; thjhuq; fs;
nghpJk; ghjpf; fg; gLfpwJ.
epyk;> ePu;> fhw;W> Mfhak;
508) ----- vd; Dk; KJnkhopia ek;
Ntshz; ngUkf; fs; gp d; gw; w
Ntz; Lk; .
tUKd; fhg; Nghk;
509) ,aw; if Ntshz; ik rhd; wspg; Gf;
Fwpj;J ahh; Ntyd;> KFe;jd;>
fay; tp op ,k; %tUf; Fk; Gjp a
fUj;Jfisf; $wpdhh;?
Ntshz; mYtyh; rpth
510) cOjy; > tpijj; jy; > njhO cukpLjy; >
eP h; gha; r; Rjy; > fis vLj; jy; >
fhj; jy; Kjypait ---------- $Wfs;
MFk; .
,aw; if Ntshz; ikf;
511) ts; Sth; epyj; ij vg; gb co Ntz; Lk;
vd; W jkJ Fwspy; $Wfpwhh; ?
mfy cOtijtpl Mo cOjy;
ed; W
512) epyj; jpd; ,Utiffs; vd; d?
ed; nra; > Gd; nra;
513) ed;nra; epyk; ------- tskpf;fJ.
ePu;
514) eP u; tsk; Fiwe; j gFjp vJ?
Gd; nra;
515) Gd;nra; epyj;ij ------ vd ek;
Ntshz; kf;fs; $Wth;?
thdk; ghh;j;j g+kp
516) ney; > fUk; G> thio Kjyhd
gaph; fs; ----------- epyj; jpy; tpisAk; ?
ed; nra;
517) Gd; nra; epyj; jpy; tpisAk; gaph; fs;
vJ?
fk; G> Nfo; tuF> jpid> tuF>
rhik> Jtiu> nfhs; S> fhuhkzp
518) gUtj;Nj gaph; nra;> Mbg;gl;lk;
Njb ------ vd; gJ gonkhop.
tp ij
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56
519) ve; nje; jg; gap u; f; F vt; tsT
,ilntsp Ntz; Lk; vd; gijf;
$Wf:
gap h; fs; ,ilntsp
ney;Yf;F ez;Nlhl
fUk; Gf; F VNuhl
thiof;F tz;bNahl
njd;idf;Fj; NjNuhl
520) ek; Kd; Ndhh; fs; --------- cuq; fisNa
gad; gLj; jpj; jukhd tpisr; riyf;
fz;ldh;.
njhO
521) ,iy jiofs; > Ml; LvU> khl; L
vU> fliyg; gpz; zhf; F> Ntg; gk;
gpz;zhf;F> ,Yg;gk; gpz;zhf;F
vdg; gy -------- cuq; fs; MFk; .
,aw; if
522) nraw;if cuk;> g+r;rp - g+Q;rhzf;
nfhy; yp kUe; Jfisg; gapu; fSf; Fg;
gad; gLj; jhky; czT cw; gj; jp
nra;tJ -------------- MFk;.
mq; ff Ntshz; ik
523) gQ;r ft;tpak; vjdplk; ,Ue;J
fpilf; Fk; Ie; J nghUs; fs; MFk; ?
mit ahit?
gRtp lkp Ue; J
mit:
Nfhkak; > rhzk; > ghy; > japu; > nea;
524) rzg; G> mThp> nfhSQ; rp> jf; ifg;
g+z; L Kjypad ------ cuk; MFk; .
jio
525) gaphpYk; Ntz;lhj Gy; g+z;Lfs;
tsUk; . mij coth; fs; fise; J
tpLth; . mjw; Ff; --------- vd; W ngah; .
fisnaLj; jy;
526) fhg;G vd;why; vd;d?
fhj; jy;
527) ek; Kd;Ndhh;fs; Nfl;fhj flDk;
ghh;f;fhj gapUk; ------ vd;gh;.
gho;
528) ----------- kUe; J: ----------- czT vd; gJ
KJnkhopahFk;.
czNt> kUe; Nj
529) Ntshz;njhopypy; cs;s $Wfs;
vj; jid?
,uz; L
530) nghUj;Jf:-
1. ney; -- m. tz;bNahl
2. fUk;G - M. ez;Nlhl
3. thio -- ,. NjNuhl
4. njd;id -- <. VNuhl
tpil:
1.M> 2.<> 3.m> 4.,
epiyj; j nry; tk;
fy;tpr; nry;tk;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
531) eif tzpfh; vijr; rpwe; j nry; tk;
vdf; $wpdhh; ?
jq;fk;> ituk;
532) Gyth; vijr; rpwe; j nry; tk; vdf;
$wpdhh;
fy; tpr; nry; tk;
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57
533) fy;tpr; nry;tj;ij ahuhYk; ----
nra; a KbahJ vdg; Gyth;
$wpdhh; ?
fsthl
534) jpUlh; fs; eiffis ahUf; Fg;
ghprhfj; je;jdh;?
Gyth; f; F
535) jpUlh;fis vt;thW rk;ghjpf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd Gyth; $wpdhh;?
cioj; J
536) tzpfh; ve; jr; nry; tk; epiyj; j
nry;tk; vdf; $wpdhh;?
fy; tpr; nry; tk;
Ntw; Wik> milnkhop
537) ngah ; r; nrh y; yp d; ngh Uis
NtWgLj; JtJ> -------- vdg; gLk; .
Ntw; Wik
538) ngah; r; nrhy; ypd; ,Wjpapy; mike; J
nghUs; NtWghl; ilr; nra; Ak;
cUGfis ------- vd;gh;.
Ntw; Wik cUGfs;
539) ngaiu NtWgLj; jp f; fhl; Lk;
cUGfs; ------ vdg; gLk; .
Ntw; Wik
(v.fh) 1. ,uhkd; fz;lhd;
2. ,uhkidf; fz;lhd;
540) Fwpg;G:
Kjy; Ntw; Wik> ,uz; lhk;
Ntw; Wik> %d; whk; Ntw; Wik>
ehd; fhk; Ntw; Wik> Ie; jhk;
Ntw; Wik> Mwhk; Ntw; Wik> Vohk;
Ntw; Wik> vl; lhk; Ntw; Wik vd
vz; tifg; gLk; .
541) ,ay;ghd ngah; (vOtha;) gadp
iyiaf; nfhz; L KbtJ ----------
vdTk; > ----------- vdTk; toq; fg; gLk; .
Kjy; Ntw; Wik> vOth a;
Ntw; Wik
542) vOtha; Ntw; Wikf; F vdj; --------
,y; iy.
jdp cUG
543) ---------- cUG I vd; gjhFk; .
,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wik
544) ngah; r; nrhy; yp dJ nghUisr;
nrag; gL nghUshf NtWgLj; JtJ
---------- MFk; .
,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wik
(v.fh)
1. tstd; nra;Aisg; gbj;jhd;.
545) My; > Md; > xL> XL> cld; Mfpad
---------- cUGfs; MFk;.
%d; whk; Ntw; Wik
(v.fh)
1. ehw; fhyp jr; rdhy; nra; ag; gl; lJ.
2. J}q;Fifahd; Xq;Feil
546) ehd;fhk; Ntw;Wik cUG --------
MFk; .
F
(v.fh) ee; jpdpf; Fg; ghpR toq; fpdhh; .
547) Ie; jhk; Ntw; Wik cUGfs; ------->
-------------> vd; gd MFk; .
,y;> ,d;
(v.fh) nfhilapy; rpwe;jth; ghup
548) nrhw;fSld; ,y;> ,d; vd;Dk;
cUGfs; Nrh; e; J nghUis
NtWgLj; JtJ ---------- vdg; gLk; .
Ie; jhk; Ntw; Wik
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58
549) Mwhk; Ntw;Wik cUG -----------
MFk; .
mJ
(v.fh) ,uhkdJ tPL
550) ngah;r;nrhw;fSld; mJ vd;Dk;
Ntw; Wik cUG Nrh; e; J nghUis
NtWgLj; JtJ ----------- vdg; gLk; .
Mwhk; Ntw; Wik
551) Vohk; Ntw; Wikf; Fk; -----------> ------
-------> ------------------> vd; gd cUGfshk; .
fz; > cs; > Nky; > fP o;
(v.fh)
1. ngl;bf;Fs; gzk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
2. $iuapd; Nky; Nrty; cs;sJ.
552) vl; lhk; Ntw; Wikf; F -----------
,y; iy.
cUG
553) vl; lhk; Ntw; Wikia NtW vt; thW
miog;gh;?
tpsp Ntw; Wik
554) fe;jd; vd;Dk; nrhy;ypy; ,Wjp
(d; ) vOj; jhdJ nfl; L> mjd;
may; vOj; J (j - jh - vd)
eP z; L mioj; jw; nghUisj;
jUfpwJ. ,t;thW ngah;r;nrhy;
rpy khw; wq; fSld; mioj; jw;
nghUspy; tUtij --------------- vd; gh; .
tpsp Ntw; Wik
555) jpq; fs; vd; why; vd; d nghUs; ?
epyT> khjk;
556) epyit ------ vd; Wk; miog; ghh; fs; ?
ntz; zp yT
557) ntz; ik vd; Dk; nrhy; epyTf; f
------------- ahf te;Js;sJ.
Milahf
558) nghUs; fis ,dk; gp hp j; jwp a
cjTk; milnkhopfs; ---------------
vdg; gLk; .
,dKs; s milnkhop
559) ntz; zpyT> fUq; fhf; if> nrq;
fjpNuhd; ,tw; Wf; nfy; yhk; ,dkhff;
$w Ntz; Lkhdhy; fUep yT>
ntz;fhf;if> fUq;fjpNuhd; vdf;
$wNtz; Lk; . mt; thW xd; W
,y; yhjjhy; ,it Nghd; wtw; iw
----------- vdf; $Wth; .
,dkpy; yh milnkhopfs;
560)
gpw nkhopr; nrhy; jkpo; r; nrhy;
mDkjp ,irT
Mjtd; flTs;
Muk;gk; njhlf; fk;
M]; jp nrhj;J
,k; ir Jd;gk;
,Ujak; neQ;rfk;
<rd; ,iwtd;
cgrhpj; jy; tpUe; Njhk; gy;
cgak; jpUg;gzpahsu;
nfhil
c\hh; vr; rupf; if
vjhh; j; jk; ,ay;G
Ijpfk; cyf tof;F
fhfpjk; jhs;
fphPlk; kzpKb
FNgud; ngUQ;nry;tk;
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59
561) jkpnoz; $l; liyg; nghUj; J
$l;ly; $Ljy;
1. f + f = m) 10
2. + U = M) 8
3. c + = ,) 2
4. $ + f = <) 5
5. U + = c) 9
tpil: 1-,> 2-c> 3-<> 4-M> 5-m
562) Vio khztu; f; F ez; gfy; ,yta
czT toq; Fk; jp l; lj; ijr;
nray;gLj;jpj; njhlq;fpath; ahh;?
Nt%u; eurpk; ku;
563) Nt%u; eurpk;ku; nghUSjtp ngw
ahiuia mZfpdhh;.
kUj; Jt khNkij FUrhkp
564) FUrhkp vq;F tUkhW Mrphpah;
Nt%u; eurp k; kiuf; Nfl; Lf;
nfhz;lhu;.
rhh; gjpthsu; mYtyfj; jpw; F
565) FUrhkp vOk; g+u; f; nfd; dj; Jr;
rhiyap y; jkf; F chp ikahf
,Ue;j ---------- xd;iwg; gs;spf;Fg;
gj; jp uk; vOjp g; gjp T nra; J
nfhLj;jhu;.
khsp if
,ay; vl; L
nra;As; - jdpg;ghly;
566) nghUs; jUf:
1. fsgk; -- re; jdk;
2. khjq; fk; -- nghd;
3. Ntok; -- fUk;G
4. gfL - vUJ
5. fk; gkh - fk; g khT
567) fsgk;> khjq;fk;> Ntok;> gfL>
fk; gkh> ifk; kh Kjypad ----------
NtW ngah;fs; MFk;.
ahidf; Fup a
568) jdpg; ghly; vd; Dk; E}ypd; Mrphpah;
ahh; ?
me; jff; ftp tPuuhfth;
569) me;jff;ftp tPuuhfth; gpwe;j Cu;
vJ?
fhQ;rpGuk; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s
g+ J}h;
570) me; jff; ftp tP uuhfth; tho; e; j Cu;
vJ?
nghd; tp ise; jfsj; J}h;
571) me;jff;ftp tPuuhfth; ngw;Nwhh;
ngah; vd;d?
je;ijapd; nagh; - tLfehju;
572) rP l; Lf; ftp ghLtjpYk; eifr; Rit
jJk; gg; ghly; ,aw; Wtjp Yk;
ty;ytu; ahh;?
me; jff; ftp tPuuhfth;
573) me;jff;ftp tPuuhfth; ,aw;wpa
E}y; fs; vit?
re; jp uthzd; Nfhit> Nra+ u;
KUfd; gps; isj; jkpo; > Nra+u; f;
fyk; gfk; > jpUf; fOf; Fd; wg; Guhzk;
574) jdpg; ghly; ve; j E}ypy; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ.
jdpg; ghly; jpul; L
575) jdpg; ghly; vj; jid Gyth; fshy;
ghlg;ngw;wJ?
E}w; Wg; gj; Jg;
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60
576) jdpg; ghlypy; vj; jid ghly; fs;
njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;sd?
Mapuj; J E}w; Wg; gjpd; %d; W
577) me; jff; ftp tP uuhfth; tho; e; j
fhyk; vJ?
fp .gp gjp Ndohk; E}w; whz; bd;
,ilg; gFjp .
578) gphpj; J vOJf:
1. fsgnkd; Nwd; - fsgk; + vd; Nwd;
2. Ntonkd; Nwd; - NtOk; + vd; Nwd;
3. c%nkd; whs; - cOk; + vd; whs;
jhyhl; Lg; ghly;
579) ---------- vd;Dk; E}ypy; ,e;ehl;Lg;
ghly; njhFf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ.
kiyaUtp (ehNlhbg; ghly; fs; )
580) kiyaUtp vd; Dk; E}ypy; ,Ue; J
,g; ghliyj; njhFj; jspj; jth; ahu; ?
fp.th. [fe; ehjd;
581) kiyaUtp (ehNlhbg; ghly;fs;)
vd; Dk; E}ypy; njk; khq; F> jq; f
uj;jpdNk> uhrhj;jp> Mz; ngz;
jh; f; fk; > njhopyhsh; ghl; L> fs; sd;
ghl; L> FLk; gk; > jhyhl; L> rpWth;
cyfk; > Gyk; gy; > Fk; kp> nja; tk; >
gy fjk; gk; vdg; ---------------
jiyg; Gfspy; ghly; fs; njhFf; fg;
ngw;Ws;sd.
gjpd; %d;W
582) jhyhl;L ghly; ----------- vd;Dk;
gFjpapypUe; J vLf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ.
jhyhl; L
583)kf; fsp d; gof; f tof; fq; fs; >
gz; ghL> FLk; gk; > njhopy; fs; > nja; t
topghL> jpUtpohf; fs; Kjypatw; iw
ve; j E}iyg; gbj; jyd; thapyhf
mwpayhk; .
kiyaUtp
584) Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;gf:
m) nfhl; b itj; j -------------
Kj; Nj
M) fz;Nz eP fz;nlj;j -----------
fhl; Lf; Fapy;
,) Gs;isf; ---------- jPu;f;f te;j
fz; Nz.
Fiw
jkpofj; jpd;
md; dpngrz; l;
585) ngz; zp w; ngUe; jf; f
ahTs vd; w ts; Sth; $w; Wf; F
xg;ghf gy rhjidfs; Ghpe;jth;
ahh; ?
%tY}u; ,uhkhkp; jk; mk; ikahh; .
586) mwp Qh; mz; zh mth; fshy;
,uhkhkph;jk; mk;ikahh; ----------
vdg; Gfog;gl;lhu;?
jkpofj; jpd; md; dpngrz; l;
587) md;dpngrz;l; mk;ikahh; ----------
Mz; L gpwe; jhu; .
fp.gp 1883 Mk;
588) md;dpngrz;l; mk;ikahu; ve;j
kugpy; gpwe; jth; ?
Njtjhrp
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61
589) ,uhkhkph; jk; mk; ikahhpd; je; ijapd;
ngah; vd;d?
fp U\; zrhkp
590) Njtjhrpf; Fbapy; gpwe; j ngz; fSf; F
-----------> ----------------> chpadthFk;.
MlYk; > ghlYk;
591) Ie;J taJ kfshd ,uhkhkph;jk;
mk; ikahiu mtuJ jha; vj; jid
&gha;f;Fj; Njtjhrp xUj;jpaplk;
tpw;whh;?
gj; J
592) tsh;g;Gj;jha; ----------- taJila
Kjp atUf; F md; dp ngrz; l
mk; ikahiuj; jpUkzk; Kbf; fj;
jpl;lkpl;lhh;.
mWgJ
593) md; dpngrz; l mk; ikahhpd; fzth;
ahh; ?
mk; ikahUf; F ,irAk; > ehl; baKk;
fw; Wj; fe; j Rak; G vd; gtiu
kze; jhh; .
594) 1917 Mk; Mz;L vq;Fj; jkJ
Kjy; Nghuhl; lj; ijj; md; dpngrz; l;
mk;ikahh; njhlq;fpdhh;?
kap yhLJiwap y;
595) md;dpngrz;l; mk;ikahh; ve;j
Kiwia xopg; gjw; fhfg; ghLgl; lth; ?
Njtjhrp
596) fhe; jpabfs; ---------- khehl; by;
fye; J nfhz; L ,e; jpah jpUk; gpdhh; .
,uz; lhtJ tl; lNkir
597) fhe; jpabfs; ifJ nra; ag; gl; ljhy;
rpdk; nfhz;l mk;ikahh; --------
Milahf mzpe; J nfhz; lhh; .
%tz; zf; nfhbia
598) md;dpngrz;l; mk;ikahh; ve;j
Milia Cu; Cuhff; nfhz;L
nrd; W tpw; whu; .
fjh;
599) fhe; jpabfspd; fl; lisia Vw; W
md;dpngrz;l; mk;ikahh; jhk;
,Ue;j Xl;LtPl;il tpLj;Jf; -------
mikj; J tho; e; jhh; .
Fby; (Fbir)
600) md; dpngrz; l; mk; ikahh; Fbypd;
ntspapy; tpag;g+l;Lk; tpsk;gug;
gyifapy; ----------- vd vOjg; gl; L
,Ue; jJ.
fjh; mzpe; jth; fs; > cs; Ns tuTk;
601) %tY}h; mk; ikahNuhL ,ize; J
Njtjhrp Kiwia xopg; gjw; fhf
ghLgl;lth;fs; ahh;?
nghpahu; > jpU.tp.f> tujuhRY>
jUkhk; ghs; > eP yhk; gpif> kyh; Kfj;
jk; ikahu; > jhkiuf; fz; zp
ak;ikahh; KjyhNdhh;.
602) %tY}h; mk; ikahh; -------- jpUkzq;
fis Mjhpj; jhh; .
Rakhp ahijj;
603) 1938 Mk; Mz; L eilngw; w nkhopg;
Nghh; Nguzpapy; ---------- Kjy; ----
- - - - - - - - - tiu eilg; gazk;
Nkw;nfhz;lhh;.
ciwa+h; (jpUr; rp) Kjy; nrd; id
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62
604) ciwa+h; Kjy; nrd; id tiu --
------------ ehs; > -------------- iky;
eilg;gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhh;.
ehw; gj; jpuz; L> Ie; E}w; W vOgj; NjO
605) nkhopg;Nghu; Nguzpapy; ciwa+u;
Kjy; nrd; id tiu eilg;
gazj; jp d; NghJ vj; jidf;
nghJf; $l; lq; fspy; ciuahw; wpdhu; .
vz; gj; NjO
606) md;dpngrz;l; mk;ikahh; -----------
ghLgl; l tpbnts; spahfj; jpfo; e; jhh; ?
ngz; chpikf; Fg;
607) nghJ tho; tpy; md; dpngrz; l;
mk; ikahh; vj; jid Mz; Lfs;
gzpahw;wpdhh;?
50
608) md; dp ngrz; l; mk; ikahhp d;
kiwT vg; NghJ?
vz; gjhk; tajpy; 27.06.1962
609) %tY}h; mk; ikahhpd; epiditg;
Nghw; Wk; tifapy; mtuJ ngauhy;
Viog; ngz; fSf; fhd jpUkz
cjtpj; jpl; lj; jpid --------------- Mz; L
Kjy; jkpof muR toq; fp tUfpwJ.
1989 Mk;
610) mk; ikahh; Kjy; Nghuhl; lj; ijj;
njhlq; fpa Mz; l vJ?
1917
%tifg; Nghypfs;
611) mfk; Kfk; vd; gjw; Fg; gjpyhf
mfd; Kfd; vd vOjpdhYk;
nghUs; khWghlJ. ,t;thW xU
nrhy;ypd; vOj;J NtWgl;lhYk;
nghUs; khWglhJ ,Ug;gijg; ---
-------- vd; gh; .
Nghyp
612) xU nrhy; ypy; > KjypYs; s vOj; Njh
,ilap y; cs; s vOj; Njh
khWgl;lhYk; nghUs; khWglhJ
,Ug; gpd; mJ ------- vdg; gLk; .
Nghyp
613) Nghyp vj; jid tifg; gLk; ? mit
ahit?
%d; W
mit:
1. Kjw;Nghyp 2. ,ilg; Nghyp
3. ,Wjpg; Nghyp
614) ,Wjpg; Nghypiaf; -------- vdTk;
$Wth; .
filg; Nghyp
615) xU nrhy; yp d; KjnyOj; J
khwpdhYk; nghUs; khWglhJ
tUtJ ----------- vdg; gLk; .
Kjw; Nghyp
(v.fh)
1. kQ; R - ikQ; R
2. kay; -- ikay;
616) xU nrhy; yp d; ,ilnaOj; J
khwpdhYk; nghUs; khWglhJ
,Ug; gJ ----------- vdg; gLk; .
,ilg; Nghyp
(v.fh)
1. KuR - KiuR
2. murpay; -- miurpay;
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63
617) xU nrhy; ypy; <w; nwOj; J khwpdhYk;
nghUs; khWglhJ ,Ug;gJ --------
----- vd; gh; .
,Wjpg; Nghyp (filg; Nghyp)
(v.fh)
1. mwk; --- mwd;
2. ge;jy; -- ge;ju;
618) mQ;R &gha; ,jpy; mQ;R vd;Dk;
nrhy; ypy; cs; s midj; J vOj; J
fSk; khwpAs; sd. ,Ug; gpDk;
nghUs; khwtpy;iy. vdNt ,J
-------------- vdg; gLk; .
Kw; Wg; Nghyp
619) Fwp g; G:
ek; khh; f; fj; jpd; khR Jilj; jpl
te;j kfdhh;.
mth; tpLjiy tPuh;. ek; ehl;L
mbikj; jisfis cilj; njwpe; j
mQ;rh neQ;rpdh;. mth; Ntjhe;jp:
gioa jj; Jtq; fs; gytw; wpw; Fg;
Gjpa tpsf; fk; je; jth; . mth;
fhyj;jpd; rpd;dk; Xh; vOr;rpapd;
milahsk; . kfhj; kh kWkyh; r; rpapd;
cUtk; .
nkhopj; jpwd; gapw; rp
620) Kf; fdp vd; Dk; njhifr; nrhy;
vij Fwpf; Fk; ?
kh> gyh> thio Mfpa %d; iwAk; .
,ay; xd;gJ
nra;As; - mk;khid
621) tP ud; neL nts; Nty; tpay; nre; jpy;
vk; ngUkhd; vd; w ghlypd; Mrphpah;
ahu; ?
Rthkpehj Njrpfh;
622) mk; khid vd; d tpisahl; L?
xUtiff; fha; tpisahl; L
jpUr;nre;jpw; fyk;gfk; vd;Dk;
,e; E}iy ,aw; wp ath; <rhd
Njrpfh; vd; Dk; Rthkp ehj Njrpfh;
Mthh; . <rhd NjrpfH vd; gJ
mtuJ rpwg; Gg; ngauhFk; . jhz; lt
%h; j; jp vd; ghh; f; F kfdhfg;
gpwe; jhh; . ,th; kapNyWk; ngUkhs;
vd;ghhplk; fy;tp fw;whh;. ,th;
jpUthtLJiw QhdNjrpfuhfpa
mk; gythz Njrpf%h; j; jpf; Fj;
njhz;luha; ,Ue;jhh;. Vwj;jho
E}w; iwk; gJ Mz; LfSf; F Kd; G
tho;e;jth;.
624) E}y; Fwpg; G:-
jpUr;nre;jpw; fyk;gfk; vd;Dk;
,e; E}y; njhz; Z}w; whW rpw; wpyf; fp
aq; fSs; xd; W. fyk; gfk; = fyk;
+ gfk; vdg; gp hp Ak; . fyk; -
gd; dpuz; L: gfk; -- MW. Mfg;
gjpndl; L cWg; Gfisf; nfhz; lJ.
NkYk; gy; tifahd gh tiffSk;
fye; jpUj; jyhy; ,e; E}y; fyk; gfk;
vdTk; ngah; ngw; wJ. gjpndz;
cWg; Gfspy; xd; whfpa mk; khid
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64
vd; Dk; gFjp <z; Lg; ghlg; gFjpahf
,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
625) chpa tpiliaj; Njh;T nra;f:
1. mk; khid vd; gJ -----------
tpisahLk; tpisahl; L .
ngz; fs;
2. mk; khidg; ghlypy; Nghw; wg; gLk;
nja;tk;.
KUfd;
3. KUfdhy; rpiwapyplg;gl;lth;
ehd; Kfd;
rPtfrpe; jhkzp
626) tP o; e; J ntz; kio jtOk;
tpz;ZW ---- rPtfrpe;jhkzp vd;w
ghliyg; ghbath; ahh;?
jpUj;jf;f Njth;
627) jpUj;jf;f Njth; ,aw;wpa rPtf
rpe;jhkzp ghly; ve;jf; fhl;rpahf
,Uf; fpwJ.
xU ehlfk; elg;gJ Nghy;
628) nrhw;nghUs;:
1. tpz; -- thdk;
2. tiu - kiy
3. KoT - kj; jsk;
4. kJfuk; -- Njd; cz; Zk; tz; L
629) Mrphpah; Fwpg;G:
jpUj; jf; f Njth; Nrhoh; Fyj; jpy;
gpwe; jth; . ,th; rkz rkaj; ijr;
rhh; e; jth; . ,th; ghba kw; nwhU
E}y; ehptpUj;jk; MFk;.
630) E}y; Fwpg; G:
Ik; ngU fhg; gpaq; fSs; xd; W
rPtfrpe;jhkzp. ,e;E}y; fijf;
jiytd; rP tfd; . mtd; ngaiu
,izj; Jr; rP tfrpe; jhkzp vdg;
ngah; ngw; wJ vd; gh; . ,e; E}Yf; F
kzE}y; vd; Dk; NtW ngaUk;
cz; L.
jkp of
tpisahl; Lfs;
(ciueil)
631) Xb tpisahL ghg; gh vd; w ghliy
ghbath; ahh;?
ghujp ahH
632) kfsph; tpisahl; Lfs; vd; gJ?
mf tpisahl; Lfs;
633) Mlth; tpisahl;Lfs; vd;gJ?
Gw tpisahl; Lfs;
634) tpisahl;L ve;j mbg;gilapy;
gy; NtW tifapdthf mikfpd; wd?
ghy; mbg; gilap Yk; > jd; ik
mbg; gilap Yk;
635) rpWth; tpisahLk; tpisahl; L?
gk; guk; > fpspj; jl; L> cg; G tpisahl; L>
fs; sd; fhtyd; > Nfhyp> fpl; bg; Gs; >
fhw; whb> ge; J tp isahl; L>
xw; iwah ,ul; ilah> eP r; ry; .
636) rpWkpah; tpisahLk; tpisahl; L?
G+g; gwpj; jy; > fufutz; b> jl; lhq; fy; >
gy; yhq; Fop> CQ; ry; > jhak;
637) Nghl;b Ml;lq;fshf tpisahL
git?
rLFL (fgb)> kl; ilg; ge; J>
fhy; ge; J> ifg; ge; J> vwpge; J>
,wFg; ge; J> Xl; lk; > jiljhz; b
Xl; lk; .
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65
638) tP utpisahl; Lfspy; ngUtpUg; g
Kilath; ahh;?
goe; jkp oh;
639) gioik th a; e; j Mlth ;
tpisahl;Lfs;:
kw; Ngh h p ly; > VWjOTjy; >
Ntl; ilahLjy; > %o; fp kzy;
vLj; jy; .
640) gz;ila ehspy; ngz;fs; ve;j
tpisahl;Lfspy; ,dpNj nghOJ
Nghf;fpdhh;fs;.
tl;lhLjy;> foq;F> mk;khid>
ge; jhLjy; > CQ; ry; > XiuahLjy; .
641) kJiuapy; jpUkiy ehaf; fh; fl; ba
kz; lgk; vd; gJ?
jKf;fk; kz;lgk;
642) Nrho ehl; bd; gioa jiyefukhd
cwe; ija+ hp y; tP uf; Nfhop fs;
rpwe; jpUe; jikahy; ------------- vd; Dk;
ngaUk; mjw; fike; jJ.
Nfhop a+ h;
643) jkpohpd; jw; fhg; Gf; fiy tpisahl; L
fspy; xd;whf tsh;e;J tUtJ
vJ?
rp yk; ghl; lk;
644) Ky; iy epyj; jpy; ---------- vd; Dk;
tP u tpisahl; L eilngw; wJ.
VWjOTjy;
645) tpisahl; L tP uh; fSf; Fg; muR
Kd; Dhpik vij mspf; fpd; wJ.
ghpRfSk; > rhd; wpjo; fSk; > fy; tp>
Ntiytha; g; G
ez; gd;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
646) Fwp g; G:
Xtpah; uhk; fp> khpahij uhkd;
fijfs; fijj; njhFg; gpypUe; J
vLj;jhsg;gl;lJ.
,yf; fzk;
nrhy; --- gfhg;gjk;> gFgjk;
647) XNuOj; Jj; jdp j; J ep d; Wk; >
xd; Wf; F Nkw; gl; l vOj; Jfs;
njhlh;e;J epd;Wk; nghUs; je;jhy;
mJ ---------- vdg; gLk; .
nrhy;
648) vz; fis tifg; gLj; Jjy; :-
gF vz; > gfh vz;
649) gjk; vd; whYk; --------- vd; whYk;
xd; Nw.
nrhy;
650) Fwpg;G:-
nkhop> fpstp vd; gd mjd;
NtW ngah; fs; .
651) XnuOj; jhdJ jdp j; J ep d; W
nghUs; je;jhy; m/J -------------
vdg; gLk; .
XnuOj;J xU nkhop
652) vOj;Jfs; gy njhlh;e;J epd;W
nghUs; je;jhy;.
vOj; Jj; njhlh; nkhop
653) gFj; jy; vd; gjpd; nghUs;
gp hp j; jy;
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66
654) gfh vd;gjpd; nghUs; --- gphpf;f
,ayhjJ.
655) ngah; g; gfhg; gjq; fspd; (v.fh)
kz;> fy;> nghd;.
656) tpidg; gfhg; gjq; fspd; (v.fh)
el> th> Ngh> nra;> epy;.
657) gFf; f ,aYk; nrhw; fisg; --------
vd;gh;.
gFgjk;
658) gFf; f ,aYk; cWg; Gfspd; ngah; fs; ?
gFjp> tpFjp> ,ilepiy> re; jp>
rhhpia> tpfhuk; .
659) kdpjd; ehfhpfk; miltjw; F Kjw;
fUtpahf tpsq; FtJ vJ?
nkhop Na
660) nrhw;nwhlh; tiffs;:
nra; jp j; njhlh; > tp dhj; njhlh; >
fl; lisj; njhlh; > czh; r; rpj; njhlh; .
661) cyfj;jkpo;r; nrk;nkhop khehL
vq; F eilngw; wJ?
Nfhit
662) tyf; if jUtJ ,lf; iff; Fj;
njhp af; $lhJ vd; W (v.fh)
tho;e;jth; ahh;?
K.tujuhrdhh; .
663) ,ay;tJ fuNty;
<tJ tpyf;Nfy; vd;W njhlq;Fk;
xsitahh; .
664) nrhw;nwhlh; njhlh;:
1. fl; lisj; njhlh; --- ehs;
NjhWk; clw; gapw; rp nra;
2. nra; jpj; njhlh; -- ehs; NjhWk;
clw;gapw;rp nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
3. tpdhj; njhlh; -- cd; ,Ug; gplk;
vq; Fs; sJ?
4. vd; Nd> ,e; j Xtpaj; jpd; moF
czh; r; rpj; njhlh;
,ay; gj;J
nra; As; - vq; fs; jkpo;
665) ,dpikj; jkpo;nkhop ----- vdj;
njhlq; Fk; vq; fs; jkpo; ghliyg;
ghbath; ahh;?
ghujp jhrd;
666) nrhw;nghUs;:
1. fjp - Jiz
2. NgW - nry; tk;
3. edp - kpFjp (kpf; f)
4. juk; - jFjp
5. Gtp - cyfk;
667) ,dpik> ,d;gk;> mKJ> fdpr;
rhnwdj; jpfl; Lk; Ritkpf; fJ vJ?
jkpo;
668) Mrphpah; Fwpg; G:
,aw;ngah; - fdf Rg;Guj;jpdk;
(ghujpahh; kPJ nfhz;l gw;wpdhy;
ghujpjhrd; vd khw; wp mikj; Jf;
nfhz;lhh;.)'
ngw; Nwhh; -- fdfrig - ,yf; Fkpak; khs;
fy; tp - jkpo; > gpnuQ; rp> Mq; fpyk;
Mfpatw; wpy; Gyik kpf; fth; .
,aw; wpait - FLk; g tpsf; F>
ghz;bad; ghpR> Nru jhz;ltk;>
,Uz;l tPL> jkpor;rpapd; fj;jp>
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67
gprpuhe; ijahh; > FwpQ; rpj; jpl; L>
mofp d; rp hp g; G> jkp op af; fk;
Kjypad.
fhyk; -- 29.04.1891 --- 21.04.1964
669) E}y; Fwpg; G:
,g; ghly; ghujpjhrd; ftpijfs;
ftp ijj; njhFjp ap y; vq; fs;
jkpo; vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; ,lk;
ngw; Ws; sJ.
670) epug;Gf:
1. jkpo; vq; fs; -------------
capnud; gjhNy.
2. ,d; gj; jkp Of; F ehSk;
nra;Nthk; ey;y ---------
njhz; L nra; Nthk;
cotpd; rpwg; G - fk; gu;
671) Nkop gp bf; Fk; if --- vdj;
njhlq; Fk; cotpd; rpwg; G vd; w
ghlypd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
fk; gh;
672) nrhw;nghUs;:
1. Nkop --- fyg; ig> Vu;
2. Nte;jh; -- kd;dh;
3. Mop - Nkhjpuk;
4. #o; tpid - cz; lhFk; tWikj;
Jd;gk;
5. fhuhsh; -- Nkfj; ij MSfpd; wth;
fshfpa coth;.
,aw;ngah; -- fk; gh;
gpwe; j Cu; -- NjuOe; J}h; > kapyhL
Jiwf;F mz;ikapy; cs;sJ.
je; ij ngah; -- Mjpj; jd;
Nghw;wpath; -- rilag; g ts; sy;
,aw; wpa E}y; fs; -- fk; guhkhazk; >
rlNfhgue; jhjp> VnuOgJ> ruRtjp
me; jhjp> jpUf; if tof; fk;
rpwg; G -- fy; tpapy; nghpah; fk; gh; >
fk; gd; tP l; Lf; fl; Lj; jwpAk; ftpghLk;
fhyk; -- gd; dpuz; lhk; E}w; whz; L
Xtpaf; fiy (ciueil)
674) fhz; gtiuf; fth; e; jpOj; J cs; sq;
fisj; jd; tag; gLj; Jk; cah; e; j
fiy vJ?
Xtp af; fiy
675) jkpoh; tsh; j; j Ez; fiyfspd;
thpirapy; -------------- Kd;dzpapy;
epw; fpwJ.
Xtp af; fiy
676) ve; j Mz; L Kw; gl; l fhyj; jpd;
,df; FOf;fshf tho;e;jdh;.
fp.K 2000
677) jkpofj; jpy; vj; jid ,lq; fspy;
Fif Xtpaq; fs; fz; Lg; gpbf; fg;
gl;Ls;sd?
,Ugj; ije; jp w; Fk; Nkw; gl; l
,lq;fs; (khd;> Nghh; nra;jy;>
tpyq; F Ntl; il)
678) jkpo; ehl;by; rq;f fhyj;jpw;F
Kd;dNu ------------- tiuag;gl;ld.
Xtp aq; fs;
679) Xtp aq; fis Kjyp y; vt; thW
toq;fpAs;sdh;?
fz; nzOj; J
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68
680) jkpo; ,yf; fpaj; jpy; ----------------
vd; gjw; F Xtpak; vdg; gLk; .
vOj; J
681) ve; j nkhop ap y; vOj; Jfs;
cUtq;fshf cs;sd?
rPd nkhopapy;
682) Xtpak; tiujw; F vJ mbg; gilahFk; ?
Neh ; Nfh L> Nfh zf; Nfh L>
tisNfhL.
683) Neh; NfhL> Nfhzf; NfhL> tisNfhL
vd; W tiuag; gLgit -----------
vdg; gLk; .
Nfhl; Nlhtp aq; fs;
684) mt; tiuNfhLfs; Nky; vd; d
tz; zq; fs; g+r> mofpa xtpaq; fs;
cUntLf; Fk; ?
rptg;G> fWg;G> kQ;rs;> ePyk;
685) njhy; fhg; gp ak; ---------- gw; wp f;
$WfpwJ.
eLfy; tzf;fk;
686) Xtpaf; fiy vd; d ngah; fshy;
toq; fg; ngw; wJ?
XT> Xtk; > Xtpak; > rpj; jpuk; > glk; >
glhk;> tl;bifr; nra;jp.
687) Xtpaf; fiyQh; vt; thW miof; fg;
gl; lhh; ?
Xtpah; > Xtpag; Gytd; > fz; Zs;
tpidQd; > rpj; jpufhuh; > tpj; jf
tp idQd; > tp j; jfh; > fp stp
ty; Nyhd; .
688) Xtpah; vz;zq;fspd; vOr;rpiag;
gy tz; zq; fspd; Jiznfhz; L
vOJNthuhjyp d; - - - - - - - vdg;
Gfo;g;ngw;whh;.
fz; Zs; tpidQh;
689) Xtpa E}ypd; EZf;fj;ij ed;F
fw; Wg; Gyik ngw; w Mrphpah; -----
-------- vdg; Nghw;wg;gl;lhh;.
Xtp ag; Gytd;
690) Xtpaf; fiyQh; FOit vt;thW
mioj; jdh; .
Xtpa khf; fs;
691) Mz; Xtpah; ---------------- vdTk;>
ngz; Xtpah; ----------- vdTk; ngah;
ngw; wpUe; jdh; .
rpj; jpuhq; fjd; > rpj; jpuNrdh.
692) Xtpaf; fiyf; nfd ve; j E}y; fs;
,Ue; jd?
jdp ,yf;fz E}y;fs;
693) gy; tiff; fUtp fis vjw; F
gad;gLj;jpdh;?
gy; tiff; fhl; rpfs; > cUtq; fs;
tiua
694) tz; zq; fs; Fog; Gk; gyiff; F -
------------ vdg; ngahpl;LUe;jdh;.
tl; bifg; gyif
695) mf; fhyj; jpy; Xtpaq; fs; tiutjw;
nfd;W jdp ,lq;fs; ,Ue;jd.
mit ahit?
rpj; jpuf; $lk; > rpj; jpukhlk; > vOJ
epiy kz; lgk; > vOnjopy; mk; gyk; .
696) ,iw eldk; Ghptjw; Nf vd; w rig
xd; iw Vw; gLj; jpAs; sdh; . vJ?
rpj; jpu rig
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697) GwehD}w; wpy; ftpQh; Xtpaj; ij
vt;thW Nghw;Wfpwhh;?
Xtj; jida ,lDil tdg; G vd
tP l; bd; moif Xtpaj; jpw; F xg; g
itj; Jf; ftpQh; Nghw; Wfpwhh; .
698) Fwpg;G:
Rth; ,Ue; jhy; jhd; rpj; jpuk;
tiua KbAk; .
699) tz; zq; fythky; fhpj; Jz; Lfshy;
tbtk; kl; Lk; tiutijg; --------
vd; wioj; jdh; .
Gidah Xtpak;
700) Xtp aj; jp w; Ff; fUg; nghUs; fs;
ahit?
,aw;iff; fhl;rpfs;> fw;gidf;
fhl; rp fs; > rKjha tho; f; if
Kiwik> ,jp fhr Guhzf;
fijfs;
701) rq; f fhyj; jpy; nropj; jpUe; j -------
-------- ,ilf;fhyj;jpy; rpije;J
kiwe;J Nghfj; njhlq;fpaJ?
Xtp af; fiy
702) ve; j E}w; whz; by; jkpofj; ij
Mz; l Kjyhk; kNfe; jputh; kg;
gy;ytd;> fiyahh;tk; kpf;fth;?
fp.gp 7 Mk; E}w;whz;L
703) kNfe;jputh;kg; gy;ytd; vt;thW
Gfo; ngw; wpUe; jhd; ?
Xtp adhf
704) fy;ntl;Lfs; kNfe;jputh;kd;id
vt; thW Gfo; fpd; wd?
rp j; jp ufhug; Gyp
705) ve; j Xtpa E}Yf; F kNfe; jpth; kd;
ciu vOjpAs; shh; .
jl; rpzrpj; jpuk;
706) jpUee;jpf; fiuapy; ve;jf; fhy
Xtpaq; fs; fpilj; Js; sd?
Nruh; fhy
707) ve;j E}w;whz;by; mtdpg Nrfu
=ty;ygd; vd;w ghz;ba kd;dd;
fhyj;jpy;> kJiu Mrphpah; ,sk;
nfsjkd; ,t; Nthtp aq; fis
tiue; jhh; vd; W fy; ntl; Lr; nra; jp
mwptpf; fpd; wJ.
fp.gp. xd; gjhk; E}w; whz; L
708) Nrhoh; fhy tdg; Gkpf; f Xtpaq;
fisj; --------- nghpaNfhtpypy; fz; L
kfpoyhk; .
jQ; irg;
709) tpra efu> ehaf;f kd;dh;fspd;
Xtpaq;fs; ve;j ,lj;jpy; fhzg;
gLfpd; wd.
jpUtuq; fk; > jpUg; gjp> jpy; iy>
jp Uth&h; > Fle; ij> kJiu>
fhQ; rp
710) fp.gp gjpndl; lhk; E}w; whz; bd;
njhlf; fj; jpy; ahUila fhyj; jpy;
Xtp af; fiy ed; F tsh; r; rp
ngw;wJ?
jQ; iria Mz; l kuhl; ba
kd; dh; fs;
711) <uhapuk; Mz;Lfshfg; Nghw;wpg;
ghJfhf; fg; gl; L tsh; e; J tUk;
fiyahf ---------------- cs;sJ.
Xtp af; fiy
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nfhilf; Fzk;
Jizg; ghlk;
712) fh; z kfhuhrhtp d; nfhilj;
jpwidg; gw; wpg; gy -------------------
cs;sd.
tha; nkhopg; Guhz kuGf; fijfs;
713) fh;z kfhuhrh ahh;?
rp w; wurd;
714) mq;fNjrk; vd;w rpwpa ehl;il
MSfpwth; ahh;?
fh; zd;
mzpapyf; fzk; (,yf; fzk; )
715) mzp vd; why; vd; d?
moF
716) Gyth;fs; nra;Ais moFgLj;
Jtij --------------- vd; Nw toq; fpdh; .
mzp
717) mzpfs; vd; gJ
,ay; G etpw; rp
cah; T etpw; rp
718) ,ay; G etpw; rpazp vd; why; vd; d?
xU nghUspd; ,ay; ig cs; sJ
cs; sthW $WtJ ,ay; G
etpw; rpazp vdg; gLk; .
719) cah; T etpw; rpazp vd; why; vd; d?
xU nghUspd; jd; ikia kpifg; gLj; jpf;
$WtJ cah; T etpw; rpazp.
720) Kw; Wg; Gs; sp vd; why; vd; d? (v.fh)
jUf:
Kw; Wg; Gs; sp (.)
xU njhlh; Kw;Wg; ngw;wijf;
Fwpf; f Kw; Wg; Gs; sp ,l Ntz; Lk; .
(v.fh) Nfhitap y; nrk; nkhop
khehL eilngw; wJ.
721) fhw; Gs; sp (>) vd; why; vd; d? (v.fh)
jUf
gy nghUs; fisj; njhlh; e; J
nrhy; Yk; NghJ xt; nthd; wpd;
gpd;Dk; fhw;Gs;sp ,lNtz;Lk;.
(v.fh) kh> gyh> thio Kf; fdpfs;
723) miug; Gs; sp vd; why; vd; d? (v.fh)
jUf.
Xh; vOtha; > gy gadpiyfisf;
nfhz; L KbAk; nghOJ> xt; nthU
gadpiyf; Fg; gpd; dUk; miug; Gs; sp
,lNtz; Lk; .
(v.fh) rpe; jidr; nry; td; ed; whfg;
gbj; jhd; @ Kjy; kjp g; ngz;
ngw;whd;@ ghpR ngw;whd;.
724) tpdhf; Fwp (?) vd; why; vd; d? (v.fh)
jUf
xU tpdhj; njhlhpd; ,Wjpapy;
tpdhf; Fwp ,lNtz; Lk; .
(v.fh) nghw;nfhb ghlk; gbj;J
tpl; lhah?
725) czh;r;rpf;Fwp(!) vd;why; vd;d?
(v.fh) jUf
xU nra; jpia czh; r; rpahff;
$Wk; NghJ czh; r; rpf; Fwpapl
Ntz; Lk; .
(v.fh) vd; Nd> ,g; g+tpd; kzk; !
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71
726) xw; iw Nkw; Nfhs; Fwp ( ) vd; why;
vd;d? (v.fh)jUf
Xh; vOj; J my; yJ nrhy; my; yJ
nrhw; nwhliuj; jdpNa Fwpf; Fk;
,lj; jpYk; xU nrhw; nwhlhpy;
E}ypd; ngah; > gonkhop Kjypad
tw; iw Fwpf; Fk; NghJk; xw; iw
Nkw;Nfhs; Fwp ,lNtz;Lk;.
vopy; vd; why; moF vd; gJ
nghUs;
(v.fh) 'ghQ; rhyp rgjk; '
727) ,ul;il Nkw;Nfhs; Fwp (---- ")
xUth; $wpaij Neh;f;$w;whff;
$Wk; NghJk; > xU njhliu
Nkw; Nfhshff; $Wk; NghJk;
,ul; il Nkw; Nfhs; Fwp ap l
Ntz; lk; . mfj; jpd; moF Kfj; jpy;
njhpAk;" vd;whh; xsiahh;.
vl; lhk; ; tFg; G
,ay; xd;W
nra;As; - tho;j;J
1. Kj; Nj gtsNk nkha; j; jgRk;
nghw; RlNu- vdj; njhlq; Fk;
tho;j;Jg; ghliy vOjpatH ahH?
jhAkhdtH
2. jhAkhdtupd; ngw; NwhH ngaH vd; d?
Nfbypag; gH nfrty; yp mk; ikahH
3. jhAkhdtH gpwe;j CH vJ?
ehfg; gl; bdk; khtl; lj; jpYs; s
jpUkiwf; fhL (Ntjhuz; ak; )
4. jhAkhdtupd; gzp vd;d?
jpUr; rpia Mz; l tpra uFehj
nrhf; fypq; fuplk; fUt+y mYtyH
5. tho;j;jhf ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ghly;
______ vd; Dk; E}y; MFk;
jhAkhdtH jpUg; ghly; jpul; L
6. jhAkhdtH jpUg;ghly; jpul;L
vd; Dk; E}y; nja; tj; jkpopd;
,dpikAk; vspikAk; nghUe; jpa
nra;As; eilahy; Mfpatw;iw
Cl; Lk; tifapy; cs; sJ
kdj; J}a; ik> gf; jpr; Rit
7. jpUr; rpuhg; gs; sp kiykP J vOe;
jUspAs; s ,iwtdhd jhAkhdtH
jpUtUshy; gpwe; jikahy; ,tUf; Fj;
vd;W ngaH #l;lg;gl;lJ.
jhAkhdtH
8. jhAkhdtupd; kidtp ngaH vd; d?
kl; LthH Foyp
9. jhAkhdtupd; fhyk; vJ?
fp.gp.gjpndl; lhk; E}w; whz; L
10. jhAkhdtH ep idT ,y; yk;
______ ,y; cs;sJ.
,uhkehjGuk; khtl; lj; jpYs; s
,yl; Rkp Guk;
11. nrhw;nghUs;
1.RlH - xsp 2. Mde; jk; - kfpo; r; rp
3. guhguk; - Nkyhd nghUs; ,iwtd;
jp Uf; Fws;
12. jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpatH ahH?
jp Uts; StH
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13. jp Uts; Stup d; NtWngaHfs;
vd;d?
Kjw; ghtyH> ngha; ap y; GytH>
ngUehtyH> nre; ehg; NghjhH
14. jpUts;Stupd; fhyk; vJ ntd;W
$wg; gLfpd; wJ?
fp.K. 31
15. jpUf; Fws; E}y; fSs; xd; W.
16. ehL> nkhop>,dk; >rkak; fle; J
vf; fhyj; jpw; Fk; nghUe; Jtjhf
mike; jikahy; ______ vdg;
Nghw; wg; gLfpwJ.
cyfg; nghJkiw
17. kf; fs; > tho; tpy; milaj; jf; fjhf
,Ue;j cWjpg;nghUs;fs; ahit?
mwk;> nghUs;> ,d;gk;
18. mwk; >nghUs; > ,d; gk; vd; Dk; %d; W
gpupTfisf; nfhz;ljhy; ,e;E}y;
______ vdg; ngaH ngw; wJ
Kg; ghy;
19. jpUf; Fws; _____mjpfhuq; fisAk; >
Fwl; ghf; fisAk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
E}w;WKg;gj;J %d;W mjpfhuk;>
Map uj; J Ke; E} w; W Kg; gJ
Fwlghf; fs;
20. jpUf;FwSf;F %d;W tifahd
rpwg;Gg; ngaHfs; cs;sJ mit
thAiw tho; j; J> nghJkiw
ngha; ahnkhop .
21. jpUf; Fwspd; ngUikia czHe; j
tP ukhKdptH ______ vDk; nkhopapy;
nkhop ngaHj;jhH.
,yj; jPd;
22. ______ vd; gtH Mq; fp yj; jp y;
Fws; fis nkhop ngaHj; jhH.
[p .A.Nghg;
23. cUrpa ehl; by; _____ khspifapy;
cs; s Ruq; fg; ghJfhg; Gg; ngl; lfj;
jpy; jpUf; FwSk; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
mZ Jisf; fhj fp nuk; sp d;
khsp if
24. ,q; fpyhe; J ehl; Lf; fhl; rpr; rhiyapy;
______ itf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ.
jpUf; Fws; tptpypaj; Jld;
25. nrhw;nghUs;
1. tpid - nray;
2. fhg;G - fhty;
3. ePutH - mwpTilahH
4. Nfz;ik - el;G
5. NgijahH - mwptpyhH
6. etpy; njhWk; - fw; ff; fw; f
7. eak; - ,d;gk;
8. eFjy; - rpupj; jy;
9. ,bj; jy; - fbe; Jiuj; jy;
10. fpoik - cupik
11. Kfef - Kfk; kyu
12. mfk; - cs; sk;
13. MW - ey; top
14. ca; j; J - nrYj; jp
15. my;yy; - Jd;gk;
16. cLf; if - Mil
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17. ,Lf; fz; - Jd; gk;
18. fistJ - eP f; FtJ
19. nfhl; gpd; wp - NtWghL ,y; yhky;
20. Cd; Wk; - jhq; Fk;
21. Gidjy; - Gfo; jy;
,ay; - 1
jkpo; tsHj; j rhd; NwhHfs;
22. tP ukhKdptH ve; j ehl; by; gpwe; jhH?
,j; jhyp
23. tPukhKdptupd; ,aw;ngaH vd;d?
fhd;];lhz;bd; N[hrg; ng];fp
24. jkpo; nkhopapd; gw; wpdhy; ijupa
ehjd; vd; Dk; jk; ngaiuj; jdpj;
jkpohf; fp ______ vdr; #l;bf;
nfhz;lhH.
tP ukhKdp tH
25. tP ukhKdptH jd; Dila vj; jid
ahtJ mfitapy; rkaj; jpUg;
gzpahw; w jkpofj; jpw; F te; jhH?
Kg; gjhk; mfit
26. tP ukhKdptH jkpo; nkhop gapd; wNjhL
ve; j nkhop fisAk; fw; Wj;
NjHe;jhH?
njYq; F> tlnkhop
27. tP ukhKdptH jkpopy; Kjd; Kjyhf
______ vd; Dk; mfu Kjypia
ntspapl; lhH?
rJufuhjp
28. tPukhKdptH Njk;ghtzp vd;Dk;
______ fhg;gpaj;ij ,aw;wpdhH?
fpwpj; jtf; fhg; gpak;
29. tP ukhKdptH Fl; bj; njhy; fhg; gpak;
vd; Dk; ve; j E}ypd; tpsf; fj; ijg;
gilj;jhH?
njhd; D}y; tpsf; fk;
30. tPukhKdptH ve;nje;j rpw;wpyf;
fpaq;fis ,aw;wpdhH?
fyk; gfk; > mk; khid
31. Njk; ghtzp ______ fjk; g
khiyahff; fhl;rpaspf;fpd;wJ?
fhtY}Hf; fyk; gfk;
32. tPukhKdptH jkpo; KdptHfSs;
xUtuhf tpsq; Ffpd; whH vdf; $wp
ahH tPukhKdptUf;Fg; Gfohuk;
#l; bdhH?
nry; tH ,uh.gp> NrJg; gps; is
33. tPukhKdptupd; fhyk; vJ?
1680-1747
34. Fzq;Fb k];jhd; rhfpG ve;j
Mz;by; gpwe;jhH?
1788 Mk; Mz; L
35. khjtQ;NrH NkNyhH tOj;Jk;
Fzq; Fbahd; vd; W GytH
ngUkf;fshy; Gfog;gl;ltH ahH?
Fzq; Fb k]; jhd; rhfpG
36. Fzq;Fb k];jhd; rhfpG ,tupd;
,aw;ngaH vd;d?
Ry;jhd; mg;Jy; fhjpW
37. ve; nje; j kiyg; gFjpfSf; Fr; nrd; W>
jdpj;jpUe;J Qhdk; ngw;whH?
rJufpup> Gwhkiy> ehfkiy
38. Fzq; Fb k]; jhd; rhFG ahUila
ghly;fshy; <Hf;fg;gl;lhH?
jhAkhdtH ghly;
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39. Fzq;Fb k];jhd; rhfpG ghba
fz;zpfs; ahit?
guhguf;fz;zp> vf;fhyf;fz;zp>
kNdhd; kzpf; fz; zp> ee; jP Rtuf;
fz; zp
40. Fzq; Fb k]; jhd; rhfpG vt; tifapy;
nghUs; jUk; ghly; fs; gy ,aw; wpj;
jkpOf; Fj; njhz; lhw; wpdhH?
FUepiy> jtepiy> JwTepiy
ep ak ep iy> fh l; rp ep iy>
jpahdepiy> rkhjpepiy
41. jpUj; jzpr; rutzg; ngUkhs; > ,tH
kPJ nfhz;l gw;wpdhy; ______
xd;iwg; ghbAs;shH?
ehd; kzp khiy
42. Fzq; Fb k]; jh d; rh fp G
,t; Tyif tpl; L vg; NghJ eP j; jhH?
1835 Mk; Mz; L
43. MWKf ehtyH gpwe; j Mz; L vJ?
1822 Mk; Mz; L
44. MWKf ehtyH vq; Fg; gpwe; jhH?
aho; g; ghzk; ey; Y}H
45. MWKf ehtyupd; ,aw; ngaH vd; d?
MWKfdhH
46. MWKfehtyH ,sikap NyNa
ve; j E}y; fisj; njspthff; fw; whH?
irt rp j; jhe; j E}y; fisAk; >
jpUKiwfisAk; .
47. MWKfehtyH jk; nkhopj; jpwik
iaAk; thf; Ftd; ikiaAk;
nghUs; tpsf; Fk; jd; ikiaAk;
fz;L ahH kfpo;e;jdH
jpUthtLJiw MjPdj; jhH
48. MWKf ehtyhupd; gy jpwik
fisf; fz; l jp UthtLJiw
MjPdj;jhH kfpo;Tw;W ,tUf;F
______ vd; Dk; gl; lj; ijr; #l; br;
rpwg;gpj;jdH?
ehtyH
49. MWKfehtyupd; gzpfs; ahit?
gjpg; ghrpupaH> ciueilahrpupaH
50. MWKf ehtyiu trd eil
ifte; j ty; yhsH vd ahH
ghuhl; bdhH?
gup jp khw; fiyQH
51. MWKf ehtyH nrd; idap y;
______ mikj; jhH?
mr; Rf; $lk;
52. MWKf ehtyupd; mr; Rf; $lj; jpy;
ve; nje; jj; jkpo; ,yf; fpa E}y; fisg;
gjpg;gpj;jhH?
ghujk; > ngupaGuhzk; > fe; jGuhzk; >
jpUf; Fws; .
53. MWKf ehtyupd; mr; Rf; $lj; jpy;
ve; nje; jj; jkp o; ,yf; fz
E}y; fisg; gjpg; gpj; jhH?
,yf; fz tpdh-tpil> ,yf; fzr;
RUf;fk;> ed;D}y; tpUj;jpAiu>
ed; D}y; fhz; bifAiu> ,yf; fzf;
nfhj; J> ,yf; fzr; #whtsp
54. Fwpg;G
jkp owp QH rp .it.jhNkhjudhH>
MWKf ehtyiug; gpd;tUkhW
Gfo;e;J ciuf;fpd;whH
ey; iyefH MWKf ehtyH
gpwe; jpyNuw;
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nrhy;Yjkp noq;Nf fUjpnaq;Nf-
vy; ytUk;
vj; JGuh zhfkq; fs; vq; Nfgpu
rq; fnkq; Fk;
mj;jdwp ntq;Nf miw vdg;
Gfo;e;jhH
55. GJf;ftpijf;F tpj;jpl;ltH ahH?
ghujp ahH
56. rKjhag; Gul; rpf; F tpj; jpl; ltH ahH?
ghujp jhrdhH
57. nghJTlikf;F tpj;jpl;ltH ahH?
jp Utp .fyp ahzRe; judhH
58. jdpj;jkpOf;F tpj;jpl;ltH ahH?
kiwkiyabfs;
59. Ngr; Rf; fiyf; F> rp Wfijf; F
tpj;jpl;l ftpQH ahH?
mwpQH mz; zhJiu
GJikg; gp j; jd;
[p .A.Nghg;
60. [p.A.Nghg; vd; wiof; fg; gl; ltH ahH?
[pahH[; Af; Nsh Nghg;
61. [p.A.Nghg; ve;j Mz;by; gpwe;jhH?
fp.gp. 1820 Mk; Mz; L
62. [p.A.Nghg; ve;j ehl;by; gpwe;jhH?
gpuhd;R ehl;bd; vl;tHL jPtpy;
gp we; jhH
63. [p. A.Nghg;gpd; ngw;NwhH ahH?
[hd; Nghg; Gf; Fk; > nfjup d;
AshGf; Fk; kfdhfg; gpwe; jhH.
64. [hd; Nghg;Gk;> nfjupd; Ashg;Gk;
jd; kfDf; F ______I Cl; b
tsHj;jdH.
fy; tp> rkak; > ey; nyhOf; fk;
65. [p.A.Nghg; gpd; jikadhH ngaH vd; d?
n`d; wp
66. [p.A.Nghg; gpd; jikadhH n`d; wp
vd; gtH jkpofj; jpy; ______ Ig;
gug;Gk; rka FUthfg; gzpahw;wp
te;jhH.
fpwpj; Jtkjj; ij
67. [p.A.Nghg; mtUila vj; jidahtJ
tajp y; jkp ofj; jp y; rkag;
gzpahw;wj; NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;lhH?
19-MtJ tajpy;
68. [p.A.Nghg; gha; kuf; fg; gypy; nrd; id
te;JNru vj;jid jpq;fshapd?
vl; Lj; jp q; fshap d
69. jkpo; nkhopahy; <Hf; fg; gl; Lj; jkpoha;
kyHe; J> kzk; gug; gp> vd; Wk;
jkpOyfpy; mopahg; Gfo; ngw; wtH
ahH?
rhd; NwhH jtj; jpU [p.A.Nghg;
70. [p.A.Nghg; ______ gFjpapy; rkag;
gzp Mw;wpdhH.
nrd; idr; rhe; Njhk; gFjpapy;
71. [p.A.Nghg; rkag; gzp Mw; wpag;
gFjp fsp y; vq; Fg; gs; sp fis
epWtpdhH?
jp Uney; Ntyp kh tl; lk;
(rhaHGuj; jp y; )
72. rkaf; fy; Y}upapy; jkpo; ,yf; fpaq; fs; >
Mq;fpy ,yf;fpaq;fs; Kjypa
tw; iwAk; ----------> ----------> Kjypa
nkhopfisAk; fw; Wj; ju [p.A.Nghg;
Vw; ghL nra; jhH.
fpNuf; fk; > ,yj; jPd; > vgpNuak;
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76
73. [p.A.Nghg; --------------> Mfpatw; iwf;
fw; gpf; Fk; fy; Y}up Mrpupauhfg;
gzpahw;wpdhH.
fzpjk; > mwptha; T (jUf; fk; )>
nka; awpT (jj; Jtk; )
74. jpUney; Ntyp khtl; lk; rhaHGuj; jpy;
______ Kjy; ______ Mk; Mz; L
tiu fy; tp g; gzp Ak; rkag;
gzpAk; Mw;wpdhH.
1842 Kjy; 1849
75. 1849 Mk; Mz; by; ______ ehl; bw; Fr;
nrd;whH.
,q; fp yhe; J
76. [p.A.Nghg; vj; jidahtJ tajpy;
ve;j Mz;by; jpUkzk; nra;J
nfhz;lhH?
taJ 30> 1850 Mk; Mz; by;
77. [p.A.Nghg; jQ; irapy; gzpahw; wpa
vl; lhz; Lf; fhyj; jpy; ______ Kjyhd
rq; f E}y; fisAk; ______ Kjyhd
,yf;fzq;fisAk; gapd;whH.
GwehD}W> ed; D}y;
78. [p.A.Nghg; ve; j VLfspy; jkpo; nkhop
gw;wpa Muha;r;rpf; fl;Liufis
Mq; fpyj; jpy; vOjpdhH.
,e;jpad; rQ;rpif> ,e;jpahtpd;
njhy; nghUs; Ma; T
79. [p.A.Nghg; fp.gp.1850- Mk; Mz; bw; Fg;
gpwF vq; Fr; rkag; gzpahw; wj;
njhlq;fpdhH?
jQ; rht+ H
80. [p.A.Nghg; mtHfs; Muha; r; rp nra; j
,e;jpad; rQ;rpif> ,e;jpahtpd;
njhy; nghUs; Ma; T Nghd; w
jkpo;nkhop gw;wpa Mq;fpyj;jpy;
vOjpa fl; Liufspy; -------> ------->
,lk; ngw; wpUe; jd
Gweh D} w; Wg; gh ly; fSk; >
Gwg; nghUs; ntz; ghkhiyj;
jpiz tpsf; fq; fSk; > jkpo; g;
GytH tuyhWk; .
81. [p.A.Nghg; caHe; j gz; ghl; Lf; Fupa
nghWik> rp dkp d; ik el; G
Kjyhdtw; iw tpsf; Fk; mWE}W
nra;As;fis ePjpE}y;fspypUe;J
Ma;e;njLj;Jj; ______ vd;Dk;
E}yhfj; njhFj; jhH.
jkpo; r; nra; Al; fyk; gfk;
82. Nkiyehl; lhH jkpio vspjpy;
fw; Wf; nfhs; Sk; tifap y;
______ xd; iwAk; > Ngh g;
ntspapl;lhH.
jkpo;- Mq;fpy mfuhjp
Mq;fpyk;- jkpo; mfuhjp
83. cjf kz; lyj; jp w; Fr; nrd; w
[p.A.Nghg; ve; j Mz; by; gs; sp
xd; iwj; njhlq; fp MrpupauhfTk;
gzpahw; wpdhH?
1858 Mk; Mz;by;
84. jhafj; jpw; Fr; nrd; w Nghg; vj; jid
tUlk; ,q;fpyhe;Jg; gy;fiyf;
fofj; jpy; Nguhrpupauhfg; gzpGupe; jhH.
23 tUlk; (1885 Kjy; 1908 tiu)
85. ,q; fpyhe; Jg; gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy; >
______> ______ fw; gp f; Fk;
Nguhrpupauhfg; gzpGupe; jhH.
jkpo; > njYq; F
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77
86. [p.A.Nghg; jpUf; Fwis vj; jid
Mz; L gbj; Jr; Ritj; jhH?
ehw; gjhz; Lfs;
87. jpUf; Fwis ehw; gjhz; Lfs; gbj; Jr;
Ritj; j Nghg; > mjid Mq; fpyj; jpy;
nkhop ngaHj;J ve;j Mz;by;
ntspapl;lhH?
1886 Mk; Mz; L
88. [p.A.Nghg; jkJ vz; gj; jhwhk;
mfitap y; 1900- Mk; Mz; L
______ Mq; fpy nkhopngaHg; gpid
ntspapl;lhH?
jp Uthrfj; jp d;
89. [p.A.Nghg; mtupd; ,Wjpf; fhyj; jpy;
______ Kjyp a E}y; fisAk;
gjpg;gpj;jhH?
Gwg; nghUs; ntz; ghkhiy>
GwehD}W> jpUtUl; gad; .
90. jkp op d; ngUikiaj; juzp
KOtJk; gug;gpa Nghg; mtHfs;
______Mk; Mz; L______Mk; ehs;
jk; ,d;Dapiu ePj;jhH.
1908 Mk; Mz; L gp g; utup j;
jpq;fs; 11
91. Mq; fp y nkhop ap id md; id
nkhopahff; nfhz; l Nghg; mtHfs;
______ vd; W jk; ik mwptpj; Jf;
nfhz;lhH?
jkpo; khztd;
92. [p.ANghg; mtH jk; fy; yiwapy;
vd; d vOj Ntz; Lnkd; W jkJ
,WjpKwpapy; vOjp itj; jhH?
,q; Nf xU jkp o; khztd;
cwq; fpf; nfhz; bUf; fpwhd;
Fw; wp aYfuk;
93. Fw; wpaYfuk; gpupj; J vOJf?
FWik + ,ay; + cfuk;
94. FWik vd; why; ______vd; W
nghUs;
FWfp a
95. ,ay; vd; why; _____ vd; W
nghUs;.
Xir
96. cfuk; vd; why; ______ vd; Dk;
vOj; J MFk;
c
97. Fwpy; vOj; Jf; F vj; jid khj; jpiu
fhy mstpy; xypf;f Ntz;Lk;?
xU khj;jpiu
98. neby; vOj; Jf; F vj; jid
khj; jpiu fhy mstpy; xypf;f
Ntz; Lk; ?
,uz; L khj; jpiu
99. nka; vOj; Jfs; vj; jid
khj;jpiu fhy mstpy; xypf;f
Ntz; Lk; ?
miu khj; jpiu
100. cfuk; Fwp yhdhy; vj; jid
khj;jpiuf; fhy msNt xypf;f
Ntz; Lk; ?
xU khj;jpiu
101. F>R>L>J>G>W Mfpa MW ty; ypd
nka; vOj;Jfisr; NrHj;J tUk;
NghJ cfuk; vj; jid khj; jpiu
ahff; Fiwe; J xypf; Fk; ?
miu khj; jpiu
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102. F>R>L>J>G>W vd; gd ty; yp d
nka;fspd; Nky; ______ CHe;J
tUk; vOj; Jfs; MFk; ?
cfuk;
103. Fw; wpaYfuk; vj; jid khj; jpiu
mstpy; xypf; Fk; ?
miu khj; jpiu
104. F>R>L>J>G>W vd; Dk; MW ty; ypd
vOj;Jfs; jdpnebiyr; rhHe;J
tUk;NghJ> gy vOj;Jf;fisr;
rhHe;J nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; tUk;
NghJ mit vj; jid khj; jpiu
mstpypUe; J Fiwe; J xypf; Fk; ?
xU khj; jpiu mstpy;
105. v/F> f/R> m/J ,e; jr;
nrhw;fspy; ,Ue;J F>R>J vd;Dk;
ty; ypd nka; fs; Nky; CHe; j
cfukhdJ Ma; j vOj; ijj;
njhlHe; J te; Js; sjhy; ,it
______ MFk; .
Ma; jj; njhlHf; Fw; wpaYfuk;
106. Rf;F> fr;R> gl;L ,r;nrhw;fspy;
F>R.L Mfpa vOj; JfSf; F Kd; >
ty;ypd nka;naOj;Jfs; te;jhy;
mit ______ MFk; .
ty;ypdj; njhlHf; Fw;wpaYfuk;
107. rq; F> kQ; R> ez; L> re; J
,r; nrhw; fs; ______ Fw; wpaYfuk;
MFk; .
nkd; nwhlHf; Fw; wpaYfuk;
108. nfha; J> rhHG> %o; F ,r; nrhw; fs;
______ vt; tiff; Fw; wpaYfuk;
MFk; .
,ilj; njhlHf; Fw; wpaYfuk;
109. capHneby;> capHnka; ______
nel; nlOj; J fis mLj; J tUk;
cfuNkwpa ty; ypd vOj; Jfs;
vt; tiff; Fw; wpaYfuk; vdg; gLk; ?
neby; njhlHf; Fw; wpaYfuk;
110. F>R>L>J>G>W Mfpa vOj; JfSf; F
Kd; ,uz; L Kjyhfg; gy
vOj; Jfisg; ngw; W> <w; way;
vOj; J (muR> ghyhW) capHnka; f;
FwpyhfNth> nebyhfNth ,Ue; jhy;
mit ______vdg; gLk;
capHj; njhlHf; Fw; wpaYfuk;
111. Fw; wpaYfuk; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
MW
112. neby; njhlHf; Fw; wp aYfuk;
vj;jid vOj;Jf;fisg; ngw;W
tUk; ?
,uz; L
113. neby; njhlHf; Fw; wpaYfuj; ijj;
jtp u Vida Itiff;
Fw;wpaYfur; nrhw;fs; vj;jid
vOj; Jf; fisg; ngw; W tUk; ?
,uz; Lf; F Nkw; gl; l
Fw; wpaypfuk;
114. Fw; wpaypfuk; gpupj; J vOJf?
FWik + ,ay; + ,fuk;
115. ,fuk; vd;why; ______ vd;Dk;
vOj; jhFk; . ,
116. Fw; wpaypfuj; jpy; tUk; ,fuk; > jd;
khj; jpiuapypUe; J ______ khj; jpiu
msT Fiwe; J xypf; Fk; .
xU khj; jp iuap yp Ue; J miu
khj; jpiu msT
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117. epiynkhop Fw; wpaYfukhf ,Ue; J>
tUnkhop afuk; tupd; > epiynkhop
cfuk; > ,fukhfj; jpupe; J jd;
khj; jpiu mstpy; Fiwe; J xypg; gJ
______ vdg; gLk; .
Fw; wp ayp fuk;
118. Nfz; kpah> nrd; kpah Mfpatw; wpy;
tUk; kp ah vd; Dk; mirr;
nrhy; ypy; cs; s ______ jd;
khj; jpiuapy; Fiwe; J xypf; Fk; .
,fuk;
119. ,fuk; jd; khj; jpiuapy; Fiwe; J
xypf; Fk; ed; D}iy vOJf?
afuk; tuf; Fws; cj; jp up
,fuKk; mirr;nrhy; kpahtpd;
,fuKk; Fwpa. - ed; D}y; 93
Kw; wp aYfuk;
120. jdf; Fupa xU khj; jpiu mstpypUe; J
Fiwahj cfuk; ______ vdg; gLk; .
Kw; wpaYfuk;
121. jdpf; Fwpy; vOj; ij mLj; J tUk;
cfuk; ______ vdg; gLk; ?
ty; ypd cfuk;
122. fhZ> cz;Z> cUK ,tw;wpd;
<w; wpYs; s nky; ypd (Z> K)
cfuq; fs; ahit?
Kw; wpaYfuq; fs;
123. vO> js; S> fjT ,tw; wpd;
<w;wpYs;s cfuq;fs; (O>S>T)
Kw; wpaYfuq; fs; MFk; .
,ilapd cfuq; fs;
Fwp g; G
vO> js; S> fjT ,tw; wpd;
<w;wpYs;s ,ilapd cfuq;fs;
(O>S>T) Kw; wpaYfuq; fs; MFk; .
,t;thW jdpf;Fwpiy mLj;Jr;
nrhy; ypd; ,Wjpapy; tUk; ty; ypd
nka; ap d; Nky; CHe; J tUk;
cfuKk;> nghJthfr; nrhw;fspd;
,Wjpapy; nky; ypd nka; apd; Nky;
CHe;J tUk; cfuKk;>,ilapd
nka; apd; Nky; CHe; J tUk; cfuKk;
Mfp a %d; Wk; Kw; wp aYfuk;
vdg; gLk; .
124. FwpQ;rpf;fyp fgpyuhy; ,aw;wg;
gl; lJ ,t; thf; fpak; vt; tpidiaf;
Fwpf; fpwJ?
nrag; ghl; L tpid
125. Kaw; rp jpUtpidahf; Fk; vd; gJ
Md; NwhH nkhop ,t; thf; fpaj; jpy;
vj;njhlH te;Js;sJ?
nra; jpj; njhlH
126. vd;Nd> mUtpapd; moF! ,t;
thf; fpaj; jpy; vj; njhlH te; Js; sJ?
czHr; rpj; njhlH
127. ghlk; gbj; jhah? ,t; thf; fpaj; jpy;
vj;njhlH te;Js;sJ?
tp dhj; njhlH
128. fz;zd; ghlk; gbj;jhd; ,t;
thf; fpak; vj; njhliuf; Fwpf; fpwJ?
cld; ghl; Lj; njhlH (nra; jp)
129. ,uhkd; ghlk; gbj; jp yd;
,t; thf; fp ak; vj; njhliuf;
Fwpf; fpwJ?
vjpHkiwj; njhlH (nra; jp)
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80
130. epidthw; wiy tsHj; Jf; nfhs;
,t; thf; fp aj; jp y; vj; njhlH
te;Js;sJ?
fl; lisj; njhlH
ehd; tpUk; Gk;
ftp QH
131. Gul;rpf; ftpQH ghujpjhrd; ve;j
Mz; L gpwe; jhH?
29.04.1891 Mk; Mz;L
132. ghujpjhrdpd; je;ij ngaH vd;d?
fdfrig
133. ghujpjhrdpd; ,aw;ngaH vd;d?
Rg; Guj; jp dk;
134. ahH Nky; nfhz; l gw; why; jk; ngaiug;
ghujpjhrd; vd; W khw; wpf; nfhz; lhH?
ghujp ahH
135. ghujpjhrd; vOjpa gpwE}y; fs;
vit?
,iraKJ> FLk; g tp sf; F>
kzpNkfiyntz; gh> fz; zfp
Gu l; rp f; fh g; gp ak; > gbj; j
ngz;fs;> ,isQH ,yf;fpak;>
FwpQ; rpj; jpl; L Nghd; wit.
,ay; 2
nra;As; gFjp
,dpait ehw; gJ
136. Fotp gpzpapd; wp tho; jy; ,dpNj
vdj; njhlq; Fk; ,dpait ehw; gJ
ghliy vOjpatH ahH?
g+ jQ; Nre; jdhH
137. g+jQ; Nre; jdhH mtHfs; vt; t+upy;
gpwe;jhH?
kJiu
138. g+jQ;Nre;jdhH gpwe;j fhyk; vJ?
fp.gp. ,uz; lhk; E}w; whz; L
139. ,dpait ehw; gJ _____ E}y; fSs;
xd; W
140. ,dpait ehw; gJ ghly; fs; vj; jid
ghly; fspy; njhFj; Jiuj; Js; sJ?
ehw; gJ
141. _____ fUj; Jfis ehw; gJ
ghly; fspy; njhFj; Jiug; gjhy;
,dpait ehw;gJ vdg; ngaH
ngw; wJ.
ed;ik jUk; ,dpa
142. ,dpait ehw; gJ E}ypd; xt; nthU
ghlYk; vj; jid ew; fUj; Jfis
,dpikahff; $wpAs; sJ?
%d;W my;yJ ehd;F
143. _____Mk; ghly; fs; ghlg; gFjpapy;
,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
12> 20
144. Foe; ij _____,d; wp tho; jy;
,dp aJ vd g+ jQ; Nre; jdhH
$wpAs; shH.
Neha;
145. nrhw;nghUs;
1. Fotp - Foe; ij
2. gpzp - Neha;
3. kaup - kaf;fk;
4. foWk; - NgRk;
5. rytH - tQ;rfH
6. kd;DapH - epiy ngw;w capH
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jkpo; g; grp
146. nghd; dpd; Fitnadf; F Ntz; ba
jpy; iy- vd; w ghliy vOjpatH
ahH?
f.rr; rp jhde; jd;
147. jkpo; g; grp vDk; ghlypd; MrpupaH
ahH?
f.rr; rp jhde; jd;
148. f.rr;rpjhde;jupd; gzpfs; ahit?
MrpupaH gapw; rpf; fy; Y}upapy;
tpupTiuahsuhfg; gzpahw; wpdhH.
149. f. rr;rpjhde;jd; Gyik ahJ?
jkpo; > Mq; fpyk; > rk]; fpUjk;
Mfpa Kk; nkhopfspy; Mo; e; j
Gyik ngw; wpUe; jhH.
150. f.rr; rpjhde; jd; gilg; Gfs; ahit?
Mde;jj;Njd; (ftpijj;njhFjp)
1954)@ md; dg+ uzp (Gjp dk; )@
aho; g; ghzf; fhtp ak; .
151. vd; Wk; ,sik Fiwahj jkpOk; @
jkpOf; F capuhf tpsq; Fk; fk; gd;
ftp ijfSk; Ntz; Lk; vdf;
$wpatH ahH?
f.rr; rp jhde; jd;
152. nrhw;nghUs;
1. Fit - Ftpay;
2. khud; - kd; kjd;
153. f.rr;rpjhde;jupd; rpwg;G:
kfhtpj; Jthd; etePj fpUl; bd
ghujpahupd; khztH> ,tHjk;
ghly; fspy; fk; gdpd; kpLf; ifAk;
ghujp ap d; rp dg; Nghf; ifAk;
xUkpj; Jf; fhzyhk; .
mfuKjyp tuyhW
154. mfuhjp vd; Dk; nrhy; ve; j
,Ur;nrhw;fspd; NrHf;if MFk;?
mfuk;> Mjp
155. xU nkhopapYs;s vy;yhr; nrhw;
fisAk; mfutupirapy; mikAk;
gb xU Nruj; njhFj;J tpsf;Fk;
E}iy _____ vd;gH.
mfuhjp
156. mfuhjpj; jw; Nghija tof; fpy;
vd; dntd; W miof; fpwhHfs; ?
mfuKjyp
157. jkpo; mfuKjyp tuyhw; wpy; > nrk; ghjp
,lj; ijg; ngWk; ve; E}y; fs;
epfz; Lfs; MFk; ?
nrhw; nghUs; Jiw E}y; fs;
158. epfz; Lfspy; gioikahdJ____
Nre; jd; jpthfuk;
159. Nre; jd; jpthfuk; - E}ypd; MrpupaH
ahH?
jp thfuH
160. epfz; Lfisj; njhlHe; J vj; jid
epfz;Lfs; Njhd;wpAs;sd?
,Ugj; ije; J epfz; Lfs;
161. #lhkzp epfz; L vd; w E}ypd;
MrpupaH ahH?
kz; ly GUlH
162. ,Ugj; ije; J ep fz; Lfsp y;
rpwg; Gkpf; f epfz; L vJ?
kz; ly GUlH ,aw; wpa #lhkzp
epfz; L
163. jpU%yupd; jpUke; jpuj; jpy; vr; nrhy;
Kjd; Kjyhf ,lk; ngw; wJ?
mfuhjp
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164. mfuhjp vd; Dk; nrhy; epfz; LfSs;
xd; whd_____ ,y; milnkhopahf
mike;Js;sJ?
mfuhjp epfz; Lr; nrhy;
165. mfu Kjypfs; Njhd; Wtjw; F xU
jpUg; G Kidahf mike; j E}y; vJ?
mfuhjp epfz; L
166. mfuKjyp E}ypy; ; nrhw; fspd; ve; j
vOj; Jfs; kl; LNk mfutupirapy;
tUk; ?
KjnyOj; Jfs;
167. tP ukhKdptH njhFj; j_____jkpopy;
Njhd;wpa_____MFk; .
rJufuhjpa> Kjy; mfuKjyp
168. rJH vd;gjw;Fg; nghUs; vd;d?
ehd; F
169. rJH vd; Dk; E}ypd; vj; jid
tifapy; jdpj;jdpahfg; nghUs;
tpsf; fk; mspf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ?
ngaH> nghUs; > njhif> njhil
vd; Dk; ehd; F
170. NghHr; RfP rpa- ,yj; jP d; jkpo;
mfuhjpia cUthf;fpatH ahH?
tP ukhKdp tH
171. jkpo; -,yj; jP d; mfuhjp> ,yj; jP d; -
jkp o; mfuhjp > jkp o; -gp nuQ; R
mfuhjp> gpnuQ;R-jkpo; mfuhjp>
NghHr; RfP rpa- ,yj; jP d; jkpo; mfuhjp
Mfp a mfu Kjyp fis
cUthf;fpatH ahH?
tP ukhKdp tH
172. jkp o; - jkp o; mfuhjp xd; iw
ntspapl;ltH ahH?
nytp ];ghy;b];
173. jkpo;r; nrhy;yfuhjp vd; w E}y;
ahuhy; ntspaplg;gl;lJ?
aho; g; ghzk; fjpiuNtydhH.
173. jkpo;r; nrhy;yfuhjpf;F kw;nwhU
ngaH vd;d?
rq; f mfuhjp
174. jkpo; g; Ngufuhjp vd; Dk; xd; iw
ntspapl;ltH ahH?
Fg; Grhkp
175. rq;f mfuhjpapy; nrhy;ypd; %yk;
ve; j kuigg; gpd; gw; wg; gl; Ls; sJ?
jUjy;> Nkw;Nfhs; mikj;jy;
176. glq; fSld; $ba XH mfu
Kjypia ntspapl;ltH ahH?
,uhkehjd;
177. mfuKjyp ,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; Lj;
_____ vDk; ngaUld; ntspte; jJ?
jkpo; mfuhjp
178. jkpo; Mq; fpyg; Ngufuhjpiaj;
njhFj;jtH ahH?
tp d; RNyh
179. gthde;jj;jpd; jw;fhyj; jkpo;r;
nrhy; yfuhjp ve; j Mz; by;
ntspte;jd?
1925 Mk; Mz; L
180. 1937- Mk; Mz; by; _____ vDk;
mfuhjp ntspte;jd?
kJiuj; jkpo; g; Ngufuhjp
181. jkp o; - jkp o; mfuKjyp ia
njhFj;jtH ahH?
K.rz; Kfk;
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83
182. K.rz; Kfk; vd; gtuhy; njhFf; fg;
gl; l jkpo; - jkpo; mfuKjyp ve; j
Mz; by; jkpo; ehl; Lg; ghlE}y;
epWtdj;jhy; ntspapl;lJ?
1985 Mk; Mz; L
183. ,Ugjhk; E}w;whz;by; ntspte;j
kpfg;ngupa mfuKjyp ahJ?
nrd; idg; gy; fiyf; fof mfuhjp
184. nrd;idg;gy;fiyf;fof mfuhjp
vd; Dk; ngaup y; _____
ntspaplg; gl; Ls; sd.
jkpo; nyf; rpfd;
185. jkpo; nyf; rpfd; vd; Dk; ,t; tfu
Kjyp vj; jid njhFjp fshf
ntspaplg;gl;ld?
MW njhFjp
186. ve;j Mz;L NjtNeag;ghthzupd;
nre;jkpo;r; nrhw;gpwg;gpay; Ngufu
Kjypapd; Kjy; njhFjp ntsp
te;jJ?
1985 Mk; Mz; L
187. ve;j Mz;L NjtNeag;ghthzupd;
nre; jkpo; r; nrhw; g; gpay; Ngufu
Kjypapd; ,uz; lhk; njhFjp ntsp
te;jJ?
1993 Mk; Mz; L
188. KOikahff; fzpdp cjtpAld;
cUthf;fg;gl;L ntspte;j Kjy;
jkpo; mfuKjyp vJ?
fpupahtpd; jw; fhyj; jkpo; mfuhjp
189. vr; rpe; jidapd; tpisthff; fiyf;
fsQ;rpak; Njhd;wpaJ?
,yf; fpaq; fspy; nrhy; yg; gl; Ls; s
ngaHfs;> fijfs; tuyhWfs;>
gof; f tof; fq; fs;
190. jkp o; f; fiyf; fsQ; rp aq; fsp d;
Kd;Ndhb vJ?
mgpjhd Nfhrk;
191. vr; nra; jpfisf; nfhz; L ,yf; fpaf;
fsQ;rpakhfj; jpfo;fpd;wJ?
,yf; fpag; Guhz ,jpfhrr; nra; jp
192. ,yf; fpag; Guhz ,jpfhrr; nra; jpfs;
ve;j Mz;by; ntspahdJ?
1902 Mk; Mz; L
193. mgpjhd rpe; jhkzp E}iyj;
njhFj; J ntspapl;ltH ahH?
rpq; fhu NtydhH
194. mgpjhd rpe;jhkzp E}y; ve; j
Mz;by; ntspaplg;gl;lJ?
1934 Mk; Mz; L
195. jkpo; tsHr; rpf; fofk; Kiwahd
Ij; njhFj; J ntspapl; Ls; sJ?
Kjy; fiyf; fsQ; rpaj; ij
196. Kjy; fiyf; fsQ; rpaj; ij vj; jid
njhFjpfshf ntspapl;ldH?
gj; Jj; njhFjp
197. jkpo; tsHr; rpf; fofk; vj; jid
tifahd fiyf; fsQ; rpaq; fis
ntspapl;Ls;sJ?
%d; W (1.Foe; ijfs; fiyf;
fsQ; rpak; > 2. ehlff; fiyf;
fsQ; rpak; > 3. ,Ryhkpa fiyf;
fsQ; rp ak;
198. ve; j epWtdj; jpd; Kaw; rpahy;
nghJmwpT> cstpay;> Gtpapay;>
Gs;spapay;> tuyhW> thdtpay;>
JiwfSf; Fk; fiyr; nrhy; mfu
Kjypfs; njhFf; fg; gl; ld? ve; j
Mz;by; njhFf;fg;gl;ld?
fiyf;fjpH (1960 Mk; Mz;L)
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84
199. mwptpay; rhHe;j Jiwthupahd
fiyr;nrhy; mfuKjypia ahH
njhFj;J ntspapl;ldH?
kzit K]; jgh
200. mwptpay; fiyr;nrhy; fsQ;rpak;
ve;j Mz;by; ntspaplg;gl;lJ?
1991 Mk; Mz; L
201. mwptpay; fiyr; nrhy; fsQ; rpaj; ij
jkpo; f; fiyr; nrhy; Yld; tpsf; f
_____ jug; gl; Ls; sd.
nrhw; nghUs; fs;
202. ,d; iwa kf; fSk; gz; ila ,yf; fpa
,yf; fzq; fsp d; nrhy; tsk;
nghUshok; Nghd; wtw; iwj; njs; sp
jpd; mwpe; J Ritj; J kfpoj; Jiz
nra; tJ vJ?
mfuKjyp
203. fhye; NjhWk; Vw; gLk; nrhw; nghUs;
khw; wq; fis mfuKjypfs; gjpT
nra;tjd; %yk; cjTfpd;wd?
rPHikahd nkhop tsHr; rp
204. Fwpg;G
mfu Kjyp xd; iw
ehSk; gbj;J tUtha;
epfup yhj nrhw;fs;
epidtpy; ed;F ngWtha;
- ghujpjhrd;
,yf;fpa tifr; nrhw;fs;
205. ngaHr; nrhy; > tpidr; nrhy; > ,ilr;
nrhy; > cupr; nrhy; ,it ve; j
tiff; Fs; mlq; Fk; ?
,yf;fz tif
206. ,yf; fpa tifr; nrhw; fs; vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ?
ehd; F
207. ehd; F ,yf; fpa tifr; nrhw; fis
vOJf?
,aw; nrhy; > jpupr; nrhy; > jpirr;
nrhy; > tlnrhy;
208. vy; yhUf; Fk; nghUs; tpsq; Fk;
tifap y; ,ay; gha; mike; j
jkpo;r;nrhy; _____ vdg; gLk; ?
,aw; nrhy;
209. ,aw; nrhy; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
,uz; L
210. ,U tifahd ,aw; nrhw; fs;
vd;ndd;d?
1. ngaH ,aw; nrhw; fs;
2. tpid ,aw;nrhw;fs;
211. fw; wtHfSf; F kl; LNk tpsq; ff;
$badtha; ,Uf; Fk; nrhy; vJ?
jp up nrhy;
212. jpupnrhy; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
,uz; L
213. ,Utifah d jp u p nrh y; fs;
vd;ndd;d?
ngaHj; jp up nrhy; > tp idj;
jp up nrhy;
214. jkpo; ehl; ilr; #o; e; Js; s gpwgFjp
fsp yp Ue; J jkp op y; toq; Fk;
nrhw;fs; _____ MFk; .
jp irr; nrhw; fs;
215. jpirr; nrhw; fSf; Fupa jkpo; r; nrhw; fs;
jpirr; nrhy; jkpo; r; nrhy;
1. gz;bif - jpUtpoh
2. nts;sk; - ePHg;ngUf;F
3. tpahghuk; - tzpfk;
4. [kf; fhsk; - tpupg; G
5. Ntbf; if - fhl;rp
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85
216. tlnkhop r; nrhw; fs; jp up e; Jk;
jpupahkYk; jkpo; nkhopapy; te; J
toq; Fkhdhy; mit _____
vdg; gLk; .
tlnrhy;
217. tlnrhw;fSf;Fj; jkpo;r;nrhw;fs;:
tlnrhy; jkpo; r; nrhy;
1. fkyk; - jhkiu
2. tp\k;(tplk;) - eQ;R
3. G\; gk; (Gl; gk; ) - kyH
218. nghUj;Jf
1. epyk; > eha; - tpidj; jpupnrhy;
2. te; jJ> gbj; jhd; - ngaH
,aw;nrhy;
3. fspW> Gutp - tpid ,aw; nrhy;
4. tpdtpdhd;> Nehf;fpdhd; -
ngaHj;jpupnrhy;
tpil:
1. ngaH ,aw; nrhy;
2. tpidj; jpupnrhy;
3. ngaHj; jpupnrhy;
4. tpid ,aw;nrhy;
219. mkH vd;gjd; nghUs;
NghH
220. njhz; Z}w; whW gpupf; Fk; Kiw
njhz; Z}W MW
221. fhw; W> epyT> QhapW> gyif
,it vspjpy; nghUs; tpsq; Fk;
nrhw; fs; vd; gjhy; ,it _____
MFk; .
ngaHr; nrhw; fs;
222. NeH$w;W> maH$w;Wj; njhlHfs;
Nty; tpop ed; whfg; gbj; Jj; NjHtpy;
Kjd; ik ngW vd; W MrpupaH
mwpTiu $wpdhH. (NeH$w;W)
ed; whfg; gbj; Jj; NjHtpy; Kjd; ik
ngWkhW MrpupaH Nty; tpopf;Ff;
$wpdhH. (maw; $w; W)
223. NeH$w; iw maw; $w; whf khw; Wk;
NghJ khWk; nrhw;fs;
NeH$w; W maw; $w; W
,d; W - md;W
New; W - Kd;dhs;
,J - mJ
,jdhy; - mjdhy;
ehk; > ehq; fs; - jhk; > jhq; fs;
eP q; fs; - mtHfs;
ehis - kWehs;
,g;nghOJ - mg;nghOJ
,it - mit
ehd; - jhd;
eP - mtd;> mts;
,ay; %d; W
nra;As; gFjp
jp Uts; Stkhiy
224. jp Uts; Stkh iy gh liy
,aw;wpatH ahH?
fgp yH
225. fgpyH gpwe; j fhyk; vJ?
fp . gp . ,uz; lhk; E}w; whz; ilr;
rhHe; jtnud; Wk; > rq; ff; fhyj; jpw; Fg;
gpd; tho;e;jtnud;Wk; Fwpg;gH.
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86
226. jpUf;Fwspd; rpwg;gpid czHj;j
ve; E}y; vOe; jJ?
jpUts; Stkhiy vd; Dk; jdpE}y;
227. jpUts; Stkhiy E}ypy; vj; jid
ghly;fs; cs;sd?
Ik; gj; ije; J
228. jpUts; Stkhiy ghliy vj; jid
GytHfs; ghbAs;shHfs;?
Ik;gj;J %d;W
229. jpUts; Stkhiy _____ mZF
Kiwiar; rhHe;jJ?
mwp tp ay;
230. Fwp g; G
ctik
rpWGy; ypd; jiyapy; jpidas
tpDk; rpWgdpeP H nebJaHe; j gid
kuj; jpd; cUtj; ijj; jd; Ds;
njspthff; fhl; Lk; .
ctkpf; fg; gLk; nghUs;
ts; Stup d; Fws; ntz; ghf; fs;
mUk; ngUk; fUj; Jfisj;
jk; kfj; Nj mlf; fpf; fhl; Lk;
231. xsp iaj; Nfhl; lk; milar;
nra; tjdhy; njhiytp Ys; s
nghUspd; cUtj; ij mz; ikapy;
Njhd; Wk; gb nra; ayhk; vd; W ahH
$wpdhH?
fyPypNah fypyp
232. nrhw;nghUs;
1. ts; is - ney; Fj; Jk; NghJ
ngz; fshy; ghlg; gLk; xUtifg;
ghl; L
2. msF - Nfhop
esntz; gh
233. esntz;ghtpd; MrpupaH ahH
GfNoe; jp g; GytH
234. GfNoe; jpg; GytH gpwe; j CH vJ?
njhz;ilehl;bd; nghd;tpise;j
fsj; J}H (fhQ; rpGuk; khtl; lj; jpy;
cs;s ngUq;fsj;J}H)
235. GfNoe;jpg;Gytupd; rpwg;G ahJ?
tuFz ghz; badpd; mitg; GytH
236. GfNoe; jpg; Gytiu Mjupj; j ts; sy;
ahH?
re; jpud; RtHf; fp
237. GfNoe;jpg;Gytupd; fhyk; vd;d?
fp.gp. 12 Mk; E}w;whz;L
238. GfNoe; jpg; GytH fhyj; jpy; tho; e; j
,U GytHfs; ahH?
fk; gH> xl; lf; $j; jH
239. ntz; gh ahg; gpy; fhg; gpag; nghUisj;
njhlHep iyr; nra; As; fsha; g;
ghba rpwg;gpdhy; ,tH vdg;
Nghw;wg;gLfpwhH?
ntz; ghtpw; GfNoe; jp
240. esntz;gh vd;gJ _____ $Wk;
E}nyd tpupe;J nghUs; jUk;.
esdJ tuyhw; iw ntz; ghf; fshy;
241. esntz;gh vj;jid fhz;lq;
fisf; nfhz;lJ?
%d; W
242.esntz; ghtp y; fhz; lq; fisf;
$Wf?
Rak; tu fhz; lk; > fyp njhlH
fhz; lk; > fypePq; F fhz; lk; .
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87
243. esntz; gh tp d; vj; jid
ntz; ghf; fis nfhz; Ls; sJ?
ehD}w; W Kg; gj; njhU ntz; ghf; fs;
244. epljehl;L kd;dd; esd;> tpjHg;g
ehl; L kd; dd; kfs; jkae; jp Mfpa
,UtUk; ve; jg; gwitfs; cjtpapd;
xUtiug; gw; wp xUtH mwpe; J
md;G nfhz;ldH?
md; dg; gwit
245. nrhw;nghUs;
1. Mop - fly;
2. tb mk;G - tbf;fg;gl;l mk;G
3. tpRk; G - thdk;
4. nrhw;whd; - ntd;whd;
5. muT - ghk; G
6. gps;isf;FUF - ehiuf;FQ;R
7. ts;is - xUtif ePHf;nfhb
8. flh - vUik
9. ntstp - ft; tp
10. rq; fpd; gps; is - rq; Ff; FQ; Rfs;
11. nfhb - gtsf;nfhb
12. NfhL - nfhk;G
13. fop - cg; gq; fop
14. jpiu - miy
15. Nkjp - vUik
16. fs; - Njd;
17. Gs; - md;dk;
18. Nrb - Njhop
19. <upUtH - ehy;tH
20. CryhLw; whs; - kdk; jLkhwpdhs;
21. nrk; ik NrH - Gfo; kpF
22. fbkhiy - kzkhiy
23. #o; tpjp - ey; tpid
24. jhH - khiy
25. fhrpdp - epyk;
26. ed;Djy; - ey;y new;wp
27. nts;fp - ehzp
28. fsp$u - kfpo;r;rp nghq;f
29. taNte; J - typikkpF murd;
(esd;)
30. xz; jhiu - xspkpf; f kyHkhiy
31. ky; yy; - tsk;
32. klehL - ,isagR
33. kotpil - ,sq; fhis
34. nrk;khe;J - ngUkpjj;Jld;
35. kWF - murtP jp
cyfk; cs; sq; ifapy;
246. fzp dp ia Kjd; Kjyp y;
fz;lwpe;jtH ahH?
rhHy]; ghg; Ng[;
247. rhHy[; ghg;Ng[; ve;j Mz;by;
ve;ehl;by; gpwe;jhH?
fp.gp. 1833 Mk; Mz; L> ,q; fpyhe; J
ehl; by;
248. fzpdp cUthf vJ Kjy; gbtkhf
mike; jJ?
kzp r; rl; lk;
249. rpynehbfspy; kpy;ypad; fzf;F
fisr; nra;J fhl;Lk; fzpdpia
ve; j Mz; by; fz; Lgpbf; fg; gl; lJ?
,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; L
250. fzf; fpLk; fUtpiaf; fz; lwpe; jtH
ahH?
gpNs]; gh]; fy;
251. gpNs];gh];fy; vd;Dk; mwpQH
ve;efiur; NrHe;jtH?
ghupR efiu
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88
252. Kjy; nray; jp l; l tiuthsH
vdg;Nghw;wg;gl;ltH ahH?
Mq; fpyf; ftpQH igudpd; kfs;
Nyb yt; Ny];
253. `hHthHL gy; fiyf; foff; fzpjg;
NguhrpupaH N`hthHL [f;fd;
vd; ghiu _____ JizAld;
vz; zp yf; ff; fzp dp iaf;
fz;lwpaj; J}z;baJ?
I. gp.vk; . nghwpahsH
254. fzp jg; Nguhrp up aH N`hthHL
[f; fd; fz; lwpe; j vz; zpyf; ff;
fzpdpapd; ngaH vd;d?
`hHthHL khHf; -1
255. jw; NghJ mnkupf; fhTk; [g; ghDk;
ve; jf; fzp dp ia cUthf; fg;
Nghl;bapLfpwhHfs;?
kPj; jpwd; fzpdp
256. fzpdpapd; tiffs; ahit?
1. gy; Y}lf trjpnfhz; l fzpdp
2. kbf;fzpdp
3. ifalf; ff; fzpdp
257. ,izak; vd; Dk; tbtj; jpw; F
tpj;jpl;ltH ahH?
[h d; lh ]; ly; vd; Dk;
mnkup f; fuhthH
258. vjd; thapyhf ,yf; fpak; > mwptpay; >
thdpay; tuyhW> Gtpapay; > fzpjk; >
jpiug; glk; vd vz; zw; w Jiw
fspd; nra; jpfis mwpa KbAk; ?
,izak;
259. ve; j Mz; by; xU fzpdpapypUe; J
kw; nwhU fzpdpf; Fr; nra; jpia khw; w
kpd; fhe; j ehlhitg; gad; gLj; jpdH?
1960 Mk; Mz; L
260. xU fl; lj; jpw; Fs; ,Uf; Fk; fzpdp
fis vy;yhk; fk;gpr; RUSld;
,izf; f ____ vd; Dk; rpWgyif
iag; nghUj; jp gad; gLj; jpdhHfs; ?
<jHnel; ml; il
261. <jHnel; ml;il vd;Dk; ,izg;G
_____ vdg;gl;lJ.
FWk; gug; G tiyg; gpd; dy;
262. xU tl; lhuj; Jf; Fs; cs; s
fzpdpfis ,izg; gjw; F ve; j
tiyg; gpd; dy; fs; gad; gLfpwJ?
mfd; w gug; G tiyg; gpd; dy;
263. Rtpl; rHyhe; J ehl; ilr; rhHe; j
_____ vd; Dk; ,aw; gpay; ty; YeH>
1989 Mk; Mz; L cyfshtpa
tiyg;gpd;dy; vdg; ngaupl;lhH.
gpk; ngHdH yP
264. cyfshtp a tiyg; gp d; diy
_____ vdTk; miof; fpwhHfs; .
itaf tpupT tiy
265. ,izaj;jsr; Nritiag; gad;
gLj;jj; Njitahd nghUs;fs;
ahit
1. fzp dp 2. njhiyNgrp
3 . ,izar; Nrit 4 . kh w; wp
5.njhlHG nkd; nghUs;
266.njhiyNgrp top ahff; fzp dp
iaAk; khw; wpiaAk; ,izj; Jg;
gad; gLj; Jk; KiwNa NritahFk; .
njhiyNgrp ,izg; Gr;
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267. vjd; nray; gLtijf; nfhz; L
,iza ,izg; G eh d; F
tiffshff; fpilf; fpd; wJ
itaf gpupT tiy
268. eh d; F tifah d ,iza
,izg; Gfisf; $Wf
1. cWg; gpdH vz; zpyf; f ,izg; G
2. fk;gp tlkhw;wp
3. nraw; iff; Nfhs; Nrit
4. fz;ziwr; Nrit
269. fzpdpiag; gad; gLj; jpf; fw; Fk;
fy;tpNa _____ MFk; .
fzpdp topf; fy; tp
270. fzpdp topahf _____ Ig; ngw
KbAk; .
nkhop f; fy; tp
271. _____ vd; Dk; ,izaj; jsk; jkpo;
vOj; Jfis vOjTk; xypf; fTk;
fw; Wj; jUfpwJ.
jkpok;
272. njhiyj; njhlHGj; Jiwap y;
<uhap uk; Mz; Lfsp y; Vw; gl; l
Kd; Ndw; wj; ij tpl ve; j Mz; L
fspy; Vw; gl; Ls; s Kd; Ndw; wk; gy
E}W klq; fhFk;
fle; j 20 Mz; L
273. fle; j ,Ugjhz; Lf; fzp dp g;
gazj; jpy; ,izaj; jpd; gq; F
kpfr; rpwe;jJ vd;Nw nrhy;Ntd;
vdf; $wpatH ahH?
fzpdp ty; YeH gpy; Nfl; ];
,yf; fzk;
tof;F : ,ay;G tof;F
jFjp tof;F
274. ek; Kd;NdhH ve;jr; nrhy;yhy;
toq; fp te; jhHfNsh mjid
mg; gbNa ehKk; toq; fp tUtjw; F
ngaH vd;d
tof; F
275. tof;fpd; ,Utiffs; ahit
1. ,ay;G tof;F
2. jFjp tof;F
276. ve; jr; nrhy; jdJ ,ay; G nghUs;
kh wh ky; xNu ngh Uisr;
Rl; LfpwNjh mjw; F _____ vd; W
ngaH.
,ay; G tof; F
277. ,ay;G tof;fpd; tiffs; ahit
,yf; fzKilaJ> ,yf; fzg;
Nghyp k&c.
278. ,yf; fzg; gpio ,y; yhky; toq; fp
tUtij _____ vd; gH.
,yf; fzKilaJ
279. efHg;Gwk;> fhy;tha;> nfhk;G Edp
Nghd; w ,yf; fzKila nrhw; fisg;
GwefH> tha;f;fhy;> Edpf;nfhk;G
vd khw; wp ek; Kd; NdhHfs;
,yf;fz KilaJ Nghy toq;fp
tUtij _____ vd; fpNwhk; .
,yf; fzg; Nghyp
280. jQ;rhT+H> Nfhak;Gj;JhH> ,it
jQ;ir> Nfhit vdr; rpije;J
te; Js; sjhy; ,ij ___ vd; fpNwhk; .
k&c
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90
281. jFjpahd nrhw;fisg; NgRtJ
_____ vd; gH.
jFjp tof; F
282. jFjp tof; fpd; tiffs; ahit
,lf; fulf; fy; > kq; fyk; > FOcf; Fwp
283. gyH Kd;Nd $w ,lHg;ghlhfj;
Njhd; Wk; nrhw; fis eP f; fpj; jFe; j
nrhw; fshy; mg; nghUisj; njuptpg; gJ
_____ vd; gH.
,lf; fulf; fy;
284. mkyq; fykhd nrhy; iy eP f; fp
kq; fykhd nrhy; yhy; mg; nghUis
toq; FtJ _____ vd; gH.
kq; fyk;
285. xU FOtpdH jkf; F kl; Lk; GupAk;
tifapy; xU nghUSf; Ff; Fwpg; ghf
toq; Fk; ngaiuf; _____ vd;gH
FOcf; Fwp
286. nghUj;Jf:
1. ,yf;fzKilaJ - Nfhit
2. ,yf;fzg;Nghyp - epyk;
3. k&c - GwefH
4. ,lf;fulf;fy; - gwp
5. kq;fyk; - fhy; fOtp te;jhd;
6. F*cf; Fwp- ,iwtdb NrHe; jhH
tpil:
1. epyk;
2. GwefH
3. Nfhit
4. fhy; fOtp te;jhd;
5. ,iwtdb NrHe; jhH
6. gwp
287. ahopdp ghlk; gbj; jhs; ,j; njhlH
ahJ?
,yf; fzKilaJ.
kuGr; nrhw; fs;
288. Kd; NdhH vr; nrhy; iy vg; gb
toq; fpdNuh mr; nrhy; iy mg; gbNa
Vw; W toq; Fjy; _____
kuG
tpyq; Ffspd; ,sikg; ngaHfs;
1. mzpw; gps; is
2. Gypg; gwo;
3. eha;f;Fl;b
4. fP upg; gps; is
5. vUikf; fd; W
6. khd;fd;W
7. gd;wpf;Fl;b
8. rpq;ff;FUis
9. fOijf;Fl;b
10. Ml;Lf;Fl;b
11. ahidf;fd;W
12. Fuq;Ff;Fl;b
13. Fjpiuf; Fl; b
14. vypf;FQ;R
tpyq; Ffspd; thoplq; fs;
1. Ml;Lg;gl;b
2. Fjpiuf;nfhl;by;
3. Nfhopg; gz; iz
4. khl; Lj; njhOtk;
5. ahidf;$lk;
6. thj; Jg; gz; iz
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91
tpyq; F gwit ,dq; fspd; xypkuG
1. Me; ij myWk;
2. fOij fj; Jk;
3. fhf; if fiuAk;
4. fpsp nfhQ;Rk;
5. eup CisapLk;
6. Fjpiu fidf; Fk;
7. Fapy; $Tk;
8. Nfhop nfhf;fupf;Fk;
9. rpq; fk; Koq; Fk;
10. kapy; mfTk;
11. ahid gpspWk;
jhtu cWg; Gg; ngaHfs;
1. <r;r Xiy
2. Nrhsj;jl;il
3. khtpiy
4. Ntg; ge; jio
5. gidNahiy
6. gyh ,iy
7. jhio kly;
8. njd; idNahiy
9. %q; fpy; ,iy
10. fKfq; $e; jy;
11. thio ,iy
12. new;whs;
fha; fspd; ,sepiy
1. mtiug;gpQ;R
2. njd; d; q; FUk; ig
3. KUq;ifg;gpQ;R
4. khtL
5. thiof; rr; ry;
6. nts;supg;gpQ;R
nrb nfhb kuq;fspd; njhFg;gplk;
1. Myq; fhL
2. fk; gq; nfhy; iy
3. gde;Njhg;G
4. rTf;Fj;Njhg;G
5. Nrhsf; nfhy;iy
6. gyhj; Njhg;G
7. njd;de;Njhg;G
8. Njapiyj;Njhl;lk;
9. G+Q;Nrhiy
nghUs; fspd; njhFg; G
1. Ml; L ke; ij
2. jpuhl; irf; Fiy
3. khl; Lke; ij
4. rhtpf;nfhj;J
5. itf;Nfhw;NghH
6. fw; Ftpay;
7. Ntsq; fhL
8. ahidf;$l;lk;
9. gRepiu
nghUSf; Nfw; w tpidkuG
1. NrhW cz;
2. gok; jpd;
3. Nfhyk; ,L
4. jP %l; L
5. ghy;gUF
6. ePH Fb
7. ghl; Lg; ghL
8. japH fil
9. glk; tiu
10. ftpij ,aw; W
11. tpsf; if Vw; W
12. $iu Nta;
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289. nghUj; Jf
1. kf;fs; - NghH
2. tP uH - fw; iw
3. tpwF - $l;lk;
4. Rs; sp - fl; L
5. itf; Nfhy; - gil
tp il
1. $l;lk;
2. gil
3. fl;L
4. fw; iw
5. NghH
,ay; ehd; F
nra;As; gFjp
tp Ntfrp e; jhkzp
290. jpaq; F vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
kaq; fp
291. rk; G vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
ehty;
292. kjpak; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
ep yT
293. rk; Gtpd; fdp vdf; Fwpf; fg; gLtJ
vJ
ehtw; gok;
294. kJ vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
Njd;
295. Fwpg;G
tpNtfrpe; jhkzp vd; Dk; ,e; E}y;
GytH gyuhy; ,aw; wg; gl; l
ghf;fspd; njhFg;G. ,e;E}iyj;
njhFj; jtH ahnudj; njupatpy; iy.
296. ngz; zpd; Kfj; jpw; F xg; Gikahff;
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ_____
ep yT
297. nghUj;Jf
1. tz; L - jhkiu
2. kq; ifapd; Kfk; - ehtw; gok;
3. kyHf;fuk; - thd;epyT
tp il:
1. ehtw; gok;
2. thd; epyT
3. jhkiu
298. Gfd; whs; vd; gjd; nghUs; ahJ
$wp dhs;
ghujj; jha;
299. ghujj; jha; vd; w ghlypd; MrpupaH
ahH
mryhk; gpif mk; ikahH
300. mryhk; gpif mk; ikahH gpwe; j CH
vJ
jpz; btdj; jpw; F mUfpy; cs; s
,ul; liz
301. mryhk; gpif mk; ikahH ,aw; wpa
E}y; fs; vJ
Mj; jp#b ntz; gh> jpyfH Guhzk;
Rthkpfs; rupjk; > fhe; jp Guhzk; >
302. mryhk; gp if mk; ikahH xU
_____ MthH.
rpwe; j Ngr; rhsH
303. mryhk; gpif mk; ikahiu ,f; fhy
xsitahH vd; W ahH ghuhl; LthH?
jp U.tp .f
304. mryhk; gpif mk; ikahH gy fhyk;
ve;j Cupy; tho;e;jhH
jpUg;ghjpupg; GypA+upy; (flY}H)
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93
305. mryhk; gpif mk; ikahH jdJ
,Wjpf; fhyj; jpy; ve; j Cupy;
tho;e;jhH
tlY}H
306. mryhk; gpif mk; ikahH jdJ
,Wjpf; fhyj; jpy; ehD}w; W xd; gJ
ghly; fisf; nfhz; l _____
vd; Dk; nra; As; E}iy ,aw; wpdhH
,uhkypq; f Rthkpfs; rupjk;
307. fhe; jpGuhzk; vj; jidg; ghly;
fisf; nfhz;lJ?
<uhapuj; J Kg; gj; J ehd; F
308. fhe; jpGuhzk; vd; Dk; E}y; ahiug;
ghl; Lilj; jiytuhff; nfhz; L
ghlg;ngw;wJ?
fhe; jp abfs;
309. nrhw;nghUs;
1. tha; ik - cz; ik
2. fisAk; - eP f; Fk;
3. tz; ik - ts; sy; jd; ik
4. Jyq;Fjy; - tpsq;Fjy;
5. Nra;ik - njhiyT
310. jtk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
ngUk; NgW
311. fUiz vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
,uf; fk;
312. jha; ikad; gpwid ,jidg;
gpupj; J vOJf.
jha; ik + md; gpd; + jid
,e; jpa tpLjiyg;
Nghupy; jkpofg;
ngz;fspd; gq;F
313. NtYehr;rpahupd; ngw;NwhH ngaH
vd;d?
nry; yKj; J NrJgjp> rf; fe; jp
Kj; jhj; jhs;
314. NtYehr; rp ahup d; je; ij ____
Mz;l kd;dH MtH.
,uhkehjGuk;
315. NtYehr;rpahH gpwe;j Mz;L vJ
316. NtYehr; rpahH _____ thupirg;
Nghd; Nw MAjg; gap w; rp Kjy;
midj; ijAk; fw; Wj; NjHe; jhH
Mz;
317. NtYehr;rpahupd; fztH ahH
rptfq; if kd; dH Kj; JtLfehjH
318. Mq; fp NyaH ve; j Mz; by;
rp tfq; ifr; rP ikap d; kP J
gilnaLj;jhH
1772 Mk; Mz; L
319. Kj; JtLfehjH ahUld; NghH
nra;J tPukuzkile;jhH
Mq; fp NyaH
320. NtYehr; rp ahH Mq; fp Nyaiu
vjp Hg; gijf; Fwp j; J ahUld;
fye;J NgrpdhH?
ik#H kd;dH IjH myp
321. NtYehr; rpahUf; F cjt tpUk; gpa
IjH myp vj; jid giltP uHfis
mtUld; mDg;gpdhH?
Iahap uk;
322. NtYehr; rp ahH jd; fztiuf;
nfhd; w Mq; fpNyaiu ntd; W ve; j
Mz;by; rptfq;ifia kPl;lhH
1780 Mk; Mz; L
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323. NtYehr; rp ahH ____ rNfhjuH
fSld; tPuHgilf;Fj; jiyik
Naw;Wr; nrd;whH
kUJ
324. flY}H mQ; riyak; khs; ve; j
Mz;by; gpwe;jhH
1890 Mk; Mz; L
325. flY}H mQ;riyak;khs; gpwe;j
CH vJ
flY}upy; cs; s KJefupy;
326. ve; j Mz; by; fhe; jpabfs; xj; Jio
ahik ,af;fj;ijj; njhlq; fpa
NghNj mQ; riyak; khs; jkJ
nghJ tho; f; ifiaj; njhlq; fpdhH
1921 Mk; Mz; L
327. flY}H mQ; riyak; khs; ve; nje; j
Nghuhl;lq;fspy; fye;J nfhz;L
gy Mz;L rpiwapy; thbdhH
eP yd; rpiyia mfw; Wk; Nghuhl; lk; >
cg; Gf; fha; r; Rk; Nghuhl; lk; > kwpay;
Nghuhl; lk; > jdp ahs; mwg;
Nghuhl; lk; > nts; isaNd ntspNaW
,af; fk; Mfpa Ie; J Nghuhl; lk;
328. flY}H mQ; riyak; khs; ve; nje; j
rpiwapy; milg;gl;L ,Ue;jhH
flY} H > jp Ur; rp > NtY} H >
ngy; yhup
329. NtY}Hr; rpiwapy; ,Ue;j NghJ
fUTw; w epiyapy; ,Ue; j mtiu
(flY}H mQ;riyak;khs;) ve;j
muR ntspapy; mDg; gp tpl; L
kfg; Ngw; wpw; Fg; gpd; kP z; Lk; rpiwapy;
milj; jJ?
Mq; fpNya muR
330. flY}H mQ; riyak; khs; kpfr; rpwe; j
_____ Mf tpsq;fpdhH
Ngr; rhsH
331. FLk; gr; nrhj; JfisAk; FbapUe; j
tP l; ilAk; tpw; W vjw; fhf nryT
nra; jhH?
tp Ljiyg; Nghuhl; lk;
332. eP yd; rpiyia mfw; Wk; Nghuhl; lj;
jpy; jk;Kila vj;jid taJ
kfisAk; <LgLj; jpdhH?
xd; gJ taJ
333. fhe; jpabfs; rpiwapy; ,Ug; gtHfisg;
ghHf; f te; j NghJ xd; gNj
tajhd mk;khfz;Z mQ;riy
ak; khspd; kfs; vd; gijawpe; J>
mr; rp Wkp iaj; jd; DlDf; F
Mrpukj; J mioj; Jr; nrd; W _____
vd; W ngaup l; Lg; gbf; fTk;
itj; jhHfs;
thHjhtpy; cs; s yPyhtjp
334. mQ; riyak; khs; gHjh Ntlkzpe; J
ve; j tz; bapy; fhe; jpabfis
Vw; wpr; nrd; whH
Fjp iutz; b
335. mQ;riyak;khspd; kfs; ngaH
vd;d
mk; khf; fz; Z
336. fhe;jpabfs; ahiuj; njd;dhl;bd;
[hd; rpuhzp vd; wioj; jhH?
flY}H mQ; riyak; khs;
337. mk; G[j; jk; khs; ve; j Mz; L gpwe; jhH
1899 Mk; Mz; L rdtup8
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338. mk; G[j; jk; khs; tP l; byp Ue; Nj
ve; nje; j nkhopfisj; jpwk; gl
gapd;whH?
jkpo; > Mq; fpyk; > ,e; jp> rkw; fpUjk; .
339. mk; G[j; jk; khs; ahUila vspik
ahd Njhw;wj;jpdhy; ftug;gl;L
vspikahf tho; e; jhH
md; id f]; J}upgha;
340. mk;G[j;jk;khs; vf;Fzq;fisj;
Jwe;jhH?
gl; L> gfl; L> Mq; fpyNkhfk; .
341. mk;G[j;jk;khs; gy;NtW fl;Lg;
ghLfs; kpFe; j FLk; gj; jpypUe; J
jk; ik tp Ltp j; Jf; nfhz; L
vjw;fhfg; ghLgl;lhH?
ehl; L tpLjiy
342. _____ KjypatHfNshL el; Gf;
nfhz; L ngz; zbikf; F vjpuhf
mk; G[j; jk; khs; Fuy; nfhLj; jhH
it. K. Nfhijehafp mk; khs; >
Uf; Fkzp yl; Rkpgjp
343. mk; G[j; jk; khs; ahUila ghliyg;
ghb tpLjiy czHit Cl;b
Mq; fp Nya muRf; F vjp uhfr;
nray; gl; lhH?
kfhftp ghujpahupd; ghly;
344. me; epaj; Jzpfs; tpw; Fk; filf; Fk;
Kd; ghf kwpay; Nghuhl; lk; epfo; j; jp
ajhy; mk; G[j; jk; khs; vr; rpiwapy;
milf;fg;gl;lhH?
NtY}Hr; rpiwapy;
345. fhe;jpabfshy; jj;njLf;fg;gl;l
kfs; vd; W ahH nry; ykhf
miof;fg;gl;lhH?
mk; G[j; jk; khs;
346. mk; G[j; jk; khs; epWtpa njhz; L
epWtdj;jpd; ngaH vd;d
rPdpthr fhe; jp epiyak;
347. 1964 Mk; Mz; L mk; G[j; jk; khs;
ngw;w tpUJ ahJ
jhkiuj; jpU (gj; k=)
348. mk; G[j; jk; khs; jk; vOgjhz; L
ep idthf ve; j mup a E}iy
vOjpAs;shH
ehd; fz;l ghujk;
Jizg; ghlk;
kuj; jpd; Ntz; LNfhs;
349. XH Vf;fH gug;gstpy; tsHe;Js;s
kuq; fs; gjpndl; Lg; NgHfSf; F XH
Mz; bw; Fj; Njitahd cap H
fhw; iwf; fpilf; fr; nra; fpd; wd.
njhifepiyj; njhlHfs;
350. nrhw; fs; ,uz; L Kjyhfj;
njhlHe;J te;J nghUs; jUtJ
_____ vdg; gLk; .
njhlH
351. nrhw;fs; njhluhFk; NghJ ,U
nrhw;fSf;F ,ilNa Ntw;Wik
tpid> ctik Kjypatw; Ws;
VNjDk; xd; W kiwe; J tUk; .
,q;qdk; cUGfs; kiwe;J tUk;
njhlHfisj; _____ vd;gH.
njhifep iyj; njhlHfs;
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352. fay;> tpop ,t;tpU nrhw;fSf;F
,ilNa Nghd;w vd;Dk; ctk
cUG kiwe; J te; Js; sjhy;
,jid _____ vdf; $WtH.
ctikj; njhif
353. njhifep iyj; njhlH vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ?
MW
354. njhifepiyj; njhlupd; tiffisf;
$Wf
1. Ntw; Wikj; njhif
2. tpidj; njhif
3. gz; Gj; njhif
4. ctikj; njhif
5. ck; ikj; njhif
6. md; nkhopj; njhif
355. fz; zid ,uhkd; ghHj; jhd;
vd; Dk; njhlupy; I vd; Dk;
cUG ahH> ahiug; ghHj; jhd; vdg;
ngaiu NtWgLj; jp f; fhl; Lk;
cWg;Gf;F vd;Wg; ngaH.
Ntw; Wik
356. ngaHg; nghUis NtWgLj; jpf;
fhl; Lk; cUig ____ vd; fpNwhk; .
Ntw;Wik cUG
357. Ntw; Wikfs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
vl; L
358. Kjy; Ntw; Wikf; Fk; vl; lhk;
Ntw; Wikf; Fk; _____ ,y;iy
cUG
359. vj;jid cUGfs; cs;sd
6> I> My; > F> ,d; > mJ> fz; >
360. ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik cUG Kjy;
Vohk; Ntw; Wik cUG tiu
cs; stw; Ws; VNjDk; xd; W _____
Mf tUk;.
Ntw;Wik cUG
361. ,U nrhw; fSf; fpilNa Ntw; Wik
cUG vd; fpNwhk; . kiwe; J tUtij
Ntw; Wikj; njhif
362. ghy; gUfpdhd; ,jpy; I vd; Dk;
cUG kiwe; Js; sjhy; ,ij
_____ vdf; $WtH
,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wikj; njhif
363. jiy tzq; fpdhd; . ,jpy; My;
vd; Dk; cUG kiwe; Js; s jhy;
,ij _____ vd;gH.
%d; whk; Ntw; Wikj; njhif
364. NtYf; F kfd; ,jpy; F vd; Dk;
_____ vd; gH.
ehd; fhk; Ntw; Wikj; njhif
365. Cu; eP q; fpdhd; ,jpy; ,d;
vd; Dk; cUG kiwe; Js; sjhy;
,ij _____ vd;gH.
Ie; jhk; Ntw; Wikj; njhif
366. nrq; Fl; Ltd; rl; il ,jpy; mJ
vd; Dk; cUG kiwe; Js; s jhy;
,ij _____ vd;gH.
Mwhk; Ntw; Wikj; njhif
367. Fifg; Gyp ,jpy; fz; vd; Dk;
_____ vd; gH.
Vohk; Ntw; Wikj; njhif
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368. fhyq; fhl; Lk; ,ilep iyAk;
nganur; r tpFjpAk; kiwe; J tUk;
nganur;rk; _____ vdg; gLk; .
tp idj; njhif
369. nrk; nkhop vd; Dk; njhlH _____
gz; Gj; njhif
370. fay; tpop vd; gJ _____
ctikj; njhif
371. ky; ypif vd; gJ rpwg; Gg; ngaH>
G+ vd; gJ nghJg; ngaH ,uz; Lf; Fk;
,ilapy; Mfpa vd;Dk; gz;G
cUG kiwe;J te;Js;sjhy; ,J
_____ vdg; gLk; .
,Unganuhl; Lg; gz; Gj; njhif
372. xU ngaUf; F my; yJ xU nrhy; Yf; F
,ilapYk; ck; vd; Dk; ,ilr;
nrhy; kiwe; J te; J nghUs;
jUtjhy; mJ ____ vdg;gl;lJ.
ck; ikj; njhif
373. Ntw; Wik> tpid> gz; G> ctik
ck; ik Mfp a njhifep iyj;
njhlHfSf;Fg; Gwj;Nj my;yhj
rp y nkhop fs; njhf; F ep d; W
nghUs; jUtJ _____ MFk;
md; nkhop j; njhif
374. gtstha; Ngrpdhs; - ,j; njhlupd;
njhif vd; d
tp idj; njhif
375. MLnfhb> gha; Gyp> miyfly;
Mfpa njhlHfs; MFk;.
tp idj; njhif gap d; W te; j
njhlHfs;
376. gpwnkhopr; nrhw; fSf; Nfw; w jkpo; r;
nrhw; fis mwpNthk;
rk];fpUjk; - jkpo;
mfq;fhuk; - nrUf;F
mjpH\; lk; - ew; NgW
mgpg;gpuhak; - fUj;J
mG+Htk; - GJik
Muhjid - topghL
Mde;jk; - kfpo;r;rp
rgjk; - #Siu
jpdrup - ehs;NjhWk;
ijupak; - JzpT
G+i[ - topghL
cUJ - jkpo;
gQ;rhaj;J - Ik;Nguhak;
gjpy; - tpil
gNy - ed;W
Ngl;b - NeHfhzy;
igrh - fhR
mry; - Kjy;
fr;Nrup - muq;fk;
Fkh]; jh - vOj; jH
ifJ - jis
F\p - kfpo; r; rp
NghHj; Jf; fprpak; - jkpo;
mykhup - neLk; Ngio
fpuhk; G - ,ytq; fk;
rhtp - jpwTNfhy;
rd;dy; - gyfzp
Nk]; jpup - jiyikj; njhopy; fs;
mugp - jkpo;
jfty; - nra; jp
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tf; fpy; - tof; FiuQH
ghf; fp - epYit
kf;fH - ,ilQ;ry;
kh%y; - gioagb
kpl;lha; - jPq;fl;b
kuhj;jp - jkpo;
fhfpjk; - jhs;
fpy;yhb - nfhbNahd;
mghz; lk; - tP z; gopf; $w; W
ml; ltiz- nghUl; Fwpg; Gg; gl; bay;
Ngl;il - GwefH
ghurP fk; - jkpo;
[khf; fhsk; - tpupg; G
[kPd; - epyGyk;
khYkp - ehthNahl;b
g[hH - filj;njU
ikjhdk; - jpwe; jntspj; jply;
Mq;fpyk; jkpo;
iynrd;]; - cupkk;
,z;lHtpA+ - NeHfhzy;
nf];l; `T]; - tpUe;jfk;
vyh]; bf; - nefpop
Gdy; - tbFoyp
gPNuh - ,Og;giw
ml;y]; - epyg;glj; njhFg;G
capy; - ,WjpKwp
fTd; rpy; - kd; wk;
uapy; - njhlH tz;b
Ngdh - J}ty;
ug;gH - Nja;g;gk;
,ay; Ie; J
nra;As; - fhtbr;rpe;J
377. fhtbr;rpe;J ghliy ,aw;wpatH
ahH
mz; zhkiyahH
378. mz; zhkiyahH gpwe; j CH vJ
jp Uney; Ntyp khtl; lj; Jr;
nrd; dp Fsk;
379. mz;zhkiyahupd; ngw;NwhH ahH
nrd; dtH - XTmk; khs;
380. mz; zhkiyahH ,aw; wpa E}y; fs;
ahit
fhtbr; rpe; J> tP iu me; jhjp> Nfhkjp
me; jhjp> tPiug; gps; isj; jkpo;
381. mz; zhkiyahupd; fhyk; vJ
1861-1890
382. Fwpg;G
J}j; Jf; Fb khtl; lk; Nfhtp y;
gl; bf; F mUfpYs; s tskhd CH
fOFkiy. ,q; Ff; Nfhtp y;
nfhz;Ls;s KUfdpd; rp wg;ig
vspa ,dpa ,irg;ghly;fshy;
Nghw; wpg; ghlg; ngw; wJ ,e; E}y; .
383. nrhw;nghUs;
1. fyhgk; - Njhif
2. tpNtfd; - Qhdp
3. Nfhy - mofpa
4. ,ire;j - nghUj;jkhd
5. thtp - ngha;if
6. khNj - ngz;Nz
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99
tpf;fpuk Nrhod; cyh
384. tp f; fp uk Nrhod; cyh- vd; w
ghliy ,aw;wpatH ahH
xl; lf; $j; jH
385. xl; lf; $j; jupd; rpwg; Gg; ngaH ahJ?
ftp r; rf; futHj; jp
386. xl; lf; $j; jH ,aw; wpa E}y; fs;
vit?
%tUyh > jf; fah fg; gu zp >
FNyhj; Jq; fd; gps; isj; jkpo; .
387. xl; lf; $j; jupd; fhyk; vJ
gd; dpuz; lhk; E}w; whz; L
388. cyh vd;gJ _____ tiffSs;
xd; W
njhz;Z}w;whW rpw;wpyf;fpa
389. ahUila rpwg; Gfis vLj; Jf; $Wk;
Nehf; fpy; ,t; tifr; rpw; wpyf; fpaq;
fs; vOjg; gl; Ls; sd?
,iwtd; > kd; dd; > kf; fSs;
rp we; NjhH.
390. cyh vd;gjw;Fg; nghUs; ahJ
CHtyk; tUjy;
391. kfsp up d; gUtq; fs; vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ?
VO
392. kfspupd; VOtifg; gUtq; fs; ahit?
Ngij> ngJk; ig> kq; if>
kle; ij> mup it> njup it>
Ngupsk; ngz; .
393. tpf; fpuk Nrhod; Kjw; FNyhj; Jq; f
NrhoDf;F vj;jidahtJ kfd;
MthH?
ehd; fhtJ kfd;
394. Fwp g; G
tpf; fpuk Nrhodpd; gpwg; G:
tpf; fpuk Nrhod; ,uz; lhk; FNyhj;
Jq; fd; ,uz; lhk; ,uhruhrd; Mfpa
%d;W kd;dHfspd; mitapYk;
nry;thf;NfhL tpsq;fpatH MtH.
395. tpf; fpuk Nrhodpd; jha; ngaH
vd;d?
kJuhe; jfp
396. kJuhe;jfp ______ nfhz;l Nrho
Guj; ijj; jiyefuhff; nfhz; L
Ml;rp nra;jhH.
fq; if
397. kyup d; gUtq; fs; vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ?
VO
398. kyupd; VOtifg; gUtq; fs; ahit?
1. mUk;G
2. nkhl; L
3. Kif
4. kyH
5. myH
6. tP
7. nrk; ky;
399. FlFkiyia ClWj;J miy
NkhJk; fhtpupiaj; je;jtH ahH?
fNtud;
400. NkU kiyapd; cr;rpapy; Gypf;
nfhb ehl; b nghd; dp ahfp a
fhtp up ap d; ,UfiufisAk;
caHj;jpf; fl;batH ahH?
Nrhod; fupfhyd;
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100
401. ngha; ifahupd; fstop ehw; gJ
ghlYf; Fg; gup rhfr; Nrukhd;
fizf; fhy; ,Uk; nghiwiar;
rpiwtPL nra;j Nrhod; ahH?
nrq; fzhd;
402. Nghupy; ngUikahf vz;zj;jf;f
tpOg; Gz; fs; njhz; Z}w; whWk;
ngw;wtd; ahH?
Nrhod; tprahyad;
403. rptngUkhd; Mlyuruha;f; fhl;rp
jUk; jpy;iyf;Fg; nghd;Nta;e;j
Nrhod; ahH?
Kjy; guhe; jfd;
404. gjpndl; Lr; rpw; W}HfisAk; ifg; gw; wp
kiyehL ntd;w Nrhod; ahH?
Kjy; ,uhruhrd;
405. tlf; Nf gilnaLj; Jf; fq; ifAk;
fp of; fp y; flhuKk; ntd; W
iff; nfhz; L> NruH fg; gw; gil
KOtijAk; mopj; j Nrhod; ahH?
,uhNre; jp ud;
406. rhSf; fp aHfsp d; jiyefuhd
fy; ahzGuj; jpd; kP J gilnaLj; J
Kk;Kiw Nghupl;L ntd;w Nrhod;
ahH?
,uhrhjp uhrd;
407. nfhg; gj; Jg; Nghup y; Map uk;
ahidfis ntd;w Nrhod; ahH?
,uhNre; jp ud;
408. nrhw;nghUs;
1. FtL - kiy
2. nghd;dp - fhtpup
3. NfhJ - Fw;wk;
4. mutk; - ghk;G
nra; jp cUthFk; tuyhW
409. cyfpy; vq;Nfh xU %iyapy;
eilngWk; rpwpa epfo; Tk; ______
MfpwJ.
nra; jp
410. vjd; tsHr; rpapy; Vw; gl; Ls; s kpfg;
ngupa Kd;Ndw;wj;jpd; tpisthf
clDf; Fld; nra; jpfs; ntspaplg;
gLfpd;wd?
mwptpay; njhopy;El;g tsHr;rp
411. Vd; ! vd; d? vg; NghJ? vg; gb?
vq; Nf? ahH? vDk; md; Gj; njhz; lH
MWNgHfs; mwp ar; nra; thH
nra; jp ap id vd; W ah H
$wpAs;shH?
mwpQH fpg; spq;
412. MWtp dh f; fSf; Fk; cu p a
tpilfSk; ve; jg; gf; fj; jpy; ,lk;
ngw Ntz; Lk; ?
nra; jpapd; Kfg; Gg; gf; fk;
413. nra; jp ia ,dq; fz; l gp d; dH
nra; jp ahsH vjd; gzp ap y;
<LgLfpwhHfs;?
nra; jpiaj; jpul; Lk; gzp
414. nra; jpiag; ngWjy; vd; gJ vijg;
Nghd;wJ?
Jg; gwp jy;
415. MW tp dhf; fSf; Fk; cup a
tpiliaf; fhz; gnjd; gJ vijg;
Nghd;w mupa gzp?
flypy; %o; fp Kj; njLg; gJ
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101
416. xt; nthU nra; jpahsUk; jkf; nfd
xJf; fg; gl; l ,lq; fSf; Nfh>
mYtyfq;fSf;Nfh ehs;NjhWk;
nrd; W nra; jpfisj; jpul; Ltjw; Fg;
ngaH vd;d?
nra; jp f; fsk;
417. ve; nje; j nra; jpf; fsq; fSf; Fr;
nra; jpahsHfs; ehs; NjhWk; nrd; W>
cup atup lk; njhlHG nfhz; L
nra; jpfisg; ngw; W tUtH?
nra;jpfspd; %yq;fshf ,Uf;Fk;
mikr; rfq; fs; > fhty; epiyaq; fs; >
kUj; Jtkidfs; > eP jpkd; wq; fs; .
418. ,yz; ld; ilk; ]; ,jop d;
nra; jpahsH ______ Nghupd; NghJ
Neubahfg; NghH eilngWk;
,lj; jpw; Fr; nrd; W nra; jpfisj;
jpul;bdhHfs;.
,e; jpa rPdg; NghH
419. ,z; bad; vf; ]; gpu]; nra; jpahsH
______ rpiwr;rhiyapd; epiy
gw;wp mwpa jhNd rpiwg;gl;Lr;
nra;jpfisj; jpul;bj;je;J Gfo;
ngw;whH.
jp y; yp ap Ys; s
420. vjidf; fhz nra;jpahsUf;Fj;
jdp ,lk; xJf;fpapUg;gH?
tpisahl; Lg; Nghl; bfs; > Gfo;
ngw; w tprhuizfs; > rl; lkd; w
eltbf; iffs; > khehLfs; >
nghJf; $l; lq; fs;
421. nra; jpahsHfs; vjidg; gbj; Jj;
jhd; nra; jpahsH nra; jpiaj;
jpul;Lfpd;whHfs;?
murp d; mwp f; if> thzp ff;
FOf; fsp d; ntsp aP Lfs; >
ep jp aikr; rup d; tuT nryTj;
jpl; lq; fs;
422. nra;jpahsHfs; mwptpay; Ma;T
KiwfisAk; mtw;iw vg;gbg;
gad; gLj; JtJ vd; gijAk; mwpa
cjTtJ vJ?
Gs; sp ap ay;
423. nghJkf; fspd; fUj; Jfis vjd;
thapyhf elj;JthHfs;?
$nwLg; G Ma; T
424. nra; jpfis vjd; %yk; ngwyhk; ?
cs; @Hr; nra; jpahsH
ntsp A+ Hr; nra; jp ahsH
rpwg; Gr; nra; jpahsH
MHtyHfs; muR mwpf; iffs;
nra; jp epWtd; q; fs;
425. cynfq; Fk; elf; Fk; nra; jpfis
clDf; Fld; vjd; thapyhfg;
ngwyhk;?
fk; gpapy; yhj; je; jp> njhiyNgrp>
nry; Ngrp> njhiy mr; R njhiy
efy; > thndhyp> njhiyf; fhl; rp
fzp dp .
426. nra; jp ap d; gFjp fs; vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ?
jiyg; Gr; nra; jp Kfg; Gr; nra; jp
cly; gFjpr; nra; jp (%d; W)
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102
427. ______> ______ vdg; gjpg;Gfs;
gp up f; fg; gl; L tp baw; fhiyap y;
midtUf; Fk; fpilf; Fk; tifapy;
nra; jpj; jhs; fs; mr; rbf; fg; gLfpd; wd.
Kjy; gjpg;G> ,uz;lhk; gjpg;G
428. Fwp g; G
,jopay; fiyr;nrhw;fs;
1. Bulletin - rpwg;Gr; nra;jp ,jo;
2. Deadline - Fwpj; jfhyk;
3. Editorial - jiyaq; fk;
4. Fake News - ngha;r;nra;jp
5. Flash News - rpwg;Gr;nra;jp
6. Falio No - ,jo; vz;
7. Green Proof - jpUj; jg; glhj mr; Rg; gb
8. Layout - nra; jpj; jhs; tbtikg; G
njhfh epiyj; njhlH
429. xU njhlupy; ,Unrhw; fs; mike; J
,uz;bw;Fk; ,ilapy; nrhy;Nyh
cUNgh kiwahJ nghUis
czHj; Jkhdhy; > mJ ______
vdg; gLk; .
njhfhep iyj; njhlH
430. fgpyd; te; jhd; - ,jpy; fgpyd;
vd; Dk; vOthiaj; njhlHe; J
te; jhd; vd; Dk; gadp iy
te;Js;sjhy;> ,J ______ vd; gH.
vOtha; j; njhlH.
431. fjputh! th. ,J _____ njhluhFk; .
tp sp j; njhlH
432. fz; Nld; rP ijia - tpidKw; W
Kjypy; te;J ngaiuj; njhlHt
jhy; ,ij> ______ vd; gH.
tp idKw; Wj; njhlH
434. tpOe;j kuk; - tpOe;j vd;Dk;
vr;rtpid kuk; vd;Dk; ngaHr;
nrhy; NyhL Kbtjhy; ,J _____
nganur; rj; njhlH
435. te; JNghdhd; - ,jpy; te; J
vd; Dk; vr; rtp id Nghdhd;
vd;Dk; tpidKw;iwf; nfhz;L
Kbe;Js;sjhy;> ,J _____ vd; gH.
tpidnar; rj; njhlH
436. tPl;ilf;fl;bdhd; - ,j;njhlupy;
I vd; Dk; Ntw; Wik cUG
ntsp g; gilahf te; Js; sjhy; >
,ij ______ vd; gH.
Ntw;Wikj; njhfhepiyj;njhlH
437. kw; nwhd; W - kw; W + xd; W kw; W
vd; Dk; ,ilr; nrhy; iy mLj; J
xd;W vd;Dk; nrhy; njhlHe;J
te; Js; sjhy; > ,J ____ .
,ilr; nrhw; nwhlH.
438. khKdptH - ,j; njhlupy; kh
vd; gJ cupr; nrhy; > ,ijj; njhlHe; J
KdptH vd;Dk; nrhy; te;Js;s
jhy; > ,J ______ .
cup r; nrhw; nwhlH.
439. tho;f tho;f tho;f - ,jpy; xNu
nrhy; gyKiw mLf; fp te; Js; s
jhy; > ,J ______ .
mLf; Fj; njhlH.
440. njhfhepiy njhlupd; tiffs;
vj; jid?
xd; gJ
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103
,ul; ilf; fp stp
mLf; Fj; njhlH
441. ghk;G ghk;G - ,jidg; gpupj; jhy;
nghUs; jUk;. vdNt ,J ______
MFk; .
mLf; Fj; njhlH
442. fyfy - ,jidg; gpupj; jhy;
nghUs; juhJ. vdNt ,J ______
MFk; .
,ul; ilf; fp stp
443. cupa vOj;J tof;Fr; nrhw;fis
mwpNthk;
1. Ngr;R tof;F vOj;J tof;F
1. NfhHj;J - Nfhj;J
2. Rtw; wpy; - Rtupy;
3. ehl;fs; - ehs;fs;
4. kdjpy; - kdj; jpy;
5. gjl;lk; - gjw; wk;
6. rpyT - nryT
7. mUfhikapy; - mUfpy;
2. gpio rup
1. XH khtl;lk; - xU khtl;lk;
2. xU mikr;rH - XH mikr;rH
3. mtuJ kfNdhL - mtUila
kfNdhL
4. Nkw; f; nfhz; lhH - Nkw; nfhz; lhH
5. me;j Rw;Wyh - me;jr; Rw;Wyh
6. fz; lij $wNt - fz; lijf; ;
$wNt
7. mtHjhd; - mtHjhk;
,ay; MW
nra;As; gFjp - jpUke;jpuk;
444. clk; ghH mopapd; capuhH moptH
vd;w ghliy vOjpatH ahH?
jp U%yH
445. jp Uke; jp uk; - vd; w E} iy
,aw;wpatH ahH?
jp U%yH
446. jpU%yupd; gpwe; j fhyk; vJ?
Ie; jhk; E}w; whz; bd; Kw; gFjp
447. irtj; jpUKiwfspy; vj; jidah
tJ jpUKiw ,J?
gj; jhtJ jpUKiw
448. jpUke; jpuj; jpw; F ____ vd; Dk; NtW
ngaUk; cz;L.
jkpo; %thapuk;
449. jpUke; jpuk; vj; jid ghly; fisf;
nfhz;lJ?
%thap uk;
450. jpUke; jpug; ghly; %d; whk; je; jpuj; jpy;
vj; jid ghly; fisf; nfhz; lJ?
vOE}w; W ,Ugj; J ehd; F
451. ____vd; gJ ,e; E}ypd; Gfo; ngw; w
njhluhFk;.
xd;Nw Fyk; xUtNd Njtd;
452. nrhw; nghUs;
1. jplk; - cWjp
2. nka;Q;Qhdk; - nka;awpT
3. cghak; - toptif
453. Fwp g; G
%yd; vd; Dk; ngaH> jpU vd; Dk;
ngauil ngw; W> mj; Jld; mH
vd; Dk; kupahijg; gd; ikAk; ngw; W
jpU%yH vd Mapw; W.
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104
Njk; ghtzp
454. Njk; gh tzp vd; w gh liy
,aw;wpatH ahH?
tP ukhKdp tH
455. tPukhKdptupd; ,aw;ngaH vd;d?
fhd;];lhz;bd; N[hrg; ng];fp
456. tP ukhKdptupd; ngw; NwhH ngaH
vd;d?
nfhz; ly; Nghng]; fp vyprngj;
457. eifnra; jd; ikap dk; ngoP
,j; jha; ... vd; W njhlq; Fk;
ghliy vOjpatH ahH?
tP ukhKdp tH
458. tP ukhKdptH gpwe; j CH vJ
,j; jhyp ehl; by; fh]; jpf; fpsp
Nahd;
459. tP ukhKdptH mwpe; j nkhopfs;
vit?
,j; jhypak; > ,yj; jP d; > fpNuf; fk;
vgp Nuak; > jkp o; > njYq; F>
rkw; fpUjk;
460. tP ukhKdptUf; Fj; jkpo; nkhopia
fw; Wf; nfhLj; jtH ahH?
kJiur; Rg; gpujPgf; ftpuhaH
461. tPukhKdptupd; rpwg;G ahJ?
Kg; gjhk; tajpy; jkpofk; te; J
jkp o; gap d; W fh g; gp ak;
gilj; jik
462. tP ukhKdptH ,aw; wpa E}y; fs;
vit?
QhNdhgNjrk; > gukhHj; j FUfij
rJufuhjp> jpUf; fhtY}Hf; fyk; gfk; >
njhd;D}y; tpsf;fk;.
463. tPukhKdptupd; fhyk; vJ?
1680-1747
464. Fwpg;G
Njk;ghtzp = Njk;gh+mzp =
thlhjkhiy@ Njd; +gh+mzp =
Njd; Nghd; w
,dpa ghly; fshyhd khiy. ,e; E}y;
,NaR ngUkhdp d; tsHg; Gj;
je; ijahfp a #irag; giuj;
jiytuhff; nfhz;L ghlg;gl;lJ.
,e;E}y; fpwpj;jtr; rkaj;jhupd;
fiyf; fsQ; rpak; vd miof; fg;
gLfpwJ. ,e; E}ypy; %d; W fhz; lq;
fSk; Kg; gj; jhW glyq; fSk;
cs;sd@ ghly;fspd; vz;zpf;if
%thapuj; J mWE}w; Wg; gjpide; J.
ghlg; gFjp ap y; ,lk; ngw; Ws; s
,g; ghly; kftUs; glyj; jpy; cs; sJ.
465. nrhw;nghUs;
1. eif - Gd; dif
2. Kif - nkhl; L
3. Nkdp - cly;
ehlff; fiy
466. cyfp y; NtW vk; nkhop f; Fk;
,y; yhj jdpr; rpwg; G ve; j nkhopf; F
cs;sJ?
jkp o; nkhop
467. jkpo; nkhop ___ vdr; rpwg; gpf; fg; gLk;
ngUikAilaJ.
Kj; jkpo;
468. jkpo; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
%d; W
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105
469. %d; W tifahd jkpiof; $Wf?
,aw;wkpo;> ,irj;jkpo;> ehlfj;
jkpo;
470. njhd; W njhl; Lg; gbg; gbNa
tsHr; rp mile; Js; s fiy vJ?
ehlfk;
471. ehlfk; vd; Dk; nrhy; iyg;
gpupj; njOJf.
ehL + mfk;
472. ehl;bd; fle;j fhyj;ijAk;> epfo;
fhyj; ijAk; > tUq; fhyj; ijAk; > jd;
mfj; Nj fhl; Ltjhy; _______ vdg;
ngaH ngw;wJ vd;gH.
ehlfk;
473. fijia> epfo; r; rpia czHit
ebj; Jf; fhl; LtJk; > $j; jhf
Mbf;fhl;LtJk; _______ vd;W
ngaH.
$j; Jf; fiy
474. jkp op d; njhd; ikahd fiy
tbtk; vJ?
ehlfk;
475. ehlf muq; fk; ,Ue; j nra; jp ve; j
Fws; topahf mwpa Kbe;jJ?
$j;jhl; litf;Fohj; jw;Nw
476. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; ,sq;Nfhtbfs;>
_____> _____ vd; W ehl; bakhLk;
khjtpia Fwpg; gpLfpwhH.
ehlfNkj; Jk; > ehlff; fzpif
477. ehl;bak; > ehlfk; ,z;bw;Fk;
nghJthf ve; j nrhy; Ny tof; fpy;
,Ue; jJ?
$j; J
478. <uhapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Kw;gl;l
njdf; fUjg; gLk; jkpo; E}y; fspy;
VO ehlf E}y; fs; ehl; baj; jpw; Fk; >
eh lfj; jp w; Fk; ,yf; fzk;
tFj;Js;sd?
KWty; > rae; jk; > nrapw; wpak; >
kjp thzH ehlfj; jkp o; E}y; >
tpsf; fj; jhH $j; J> FzE}y; >
$j; JE}y; .
479. ahH nra; As; tbtpy; ,aw; wpa jk;
ehlftpay; vDk; E}ypy; ehlfk;
mjd; tpsf; fk; > tiffs; > vOjg; gl
Ntz;ba Kiwfs;> ebg;Gf;Fupa
,yf; fzk; > ebg; gtHfSf; Fupa
,yf; fzk; > Nghd; wtw; iwf;
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shH?
gup jp khw; fiyQH
480. Rthkp tp Gyhde; jH vOjp a
ehlfj; ijg; gw; wpa Muha; r; rp E}y;
vJ?
kjq; f #shkzp
481. kiwkiyabfs; vOjpa ehlfj; ijg;
gw;wpa Muha;r;rp E}y; vJ?
rhFe; jyk;
482. ehlfj; jkpo; vd; w jk; E}ypy;
njhopy; Kiw ehlf muq; Ffisg;
gw; wpa nra; jpfis vOjpatH ahH?
ehlfg; Nguhrp up aH gk; ky;
rk; ge; jdhH.
483. Vohk; E}w; whz; by; kNfe;jputHk
gy; ytd; _____ vd; w ehlf
E}iy vOjpAs; shH?
kj; j tpyhrk;
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484. gjpndhd; whk; E}w; whz; by; ahUila
Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; ,uhruhNrr;Rtu
ehlfk; eilngw; wjhff; fy; ntl; L
Fwpg; gpLfpwJ?
,uhruhr Nrhod;
485. ehaf; f kd; dHfsp d; Ml; rp f;
fhyj; jpy; _______ Njhd;wpd.
FwtQ; rp ehlfq; fs;
486. cotHfsp d; tho; f; ifiar;
rpj; jupj; Js; sit vit?
gs; S ehlftif
487. neh z; b eh lfq; fs; ve; j
E}w; whz; bd; gpw; gFjpapy; Njhd; wpaJ
gjpNdohk; E}w; whz; L
488. CHfspy; ____ vd; Dk; ehlftif
Guhzf; fijfisNa ikakhff;
nfhz;L elj;jg;gl;ld.
njUf; $j; J
489. ve; j E}w; whz; by; mUzhryf;
ftpuhaupd; ,uhk ehlfk;> Nfhghy
fp Ul; bd ghujp ahup d; ee; jdhH
rupj;jpuk; Mfpad fl;baq;fhud;
ciuahly; fNshL KOtJk;
ghly;fshf mike;jd
gjpndl; lhk; E}w; whz; L
490. gj; njhd; gjhk; E}w; whz; by; vjd;
njhlHghd ehlfq;fs; rpwg;gplk;
ngw;wd?
rKjhar; rPHjpUj; jk;
491. lk; ghr; rhup tp yhrk; - vd; w
ehlfj;jpd; MrpupaH ahH?
fhrp tpRtehjH
492. NguhrpupaH Re; judhH kNdhd;
kzpak; vd; Dk; ftpij ehlff;
fhg; gp aj; ij ve; j Mz; by;
ntspapl;lhH?
493. yhHl; ypl;ld; vOjpa Mq; fpyf;
fijapd; ngaH vd;d?
kiwtop
494. _______ vd; w ehlfk; jkpo; ehl; by;
Kjd; Kjyhf elj; jg; gl; l Njrpa
rKjha ehlfkhFk;?
fjupd; ntw; wp
495. fjup d; ntw; wp ehlfj; ijj;
njhlHe; J ve; j ehlfq; fs;
elj;jg;gl;ld?
Njrpaf; nfhb> Njrgf; jp
496. ,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; bd; njhlf; fj; jpy;
ehlfj; Jiwf; Fg; ngUe; njhz; L
Gupe;jtH ahH?
rq; fujhR Rthkpfs;
497. rq;fujhR Rthkpfs; vj;jid
ehlfq;fis vOjpAs;shH?
ehw; gJf; Fk; Nky;
498. ehlf cyfpy; jkpo; ehlfj;
je; ij vd; W ahiu mioj; jdH?
gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhH
499. jkpo; ehlf kWkyHr; rpj; je; ij
vd; W ehlf cyfp y; ahiu
mioj; jdH?
fe; jrhkp
500. gk; ky; rk; ge; jdhH vj; jid
ehlfq;fis vOjpAs;shH?
njhz; Z}Wf; Fk; Nky;
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501. kJiuapy; ve; j Mz; by; Gyikf;
flyhd jkpo; %jhl;b xsitahH
ehlfk; muq;NfwpaJ?
1942 Mk; Mz; L
502. ehlfk; KOtJk; xsitahuhf
ebf; Fk; tha; g; igg; ngw; Wr; rpwe; j
Kiwapy; ebj;jtH ahH?
jp.f. rz; KfdhH
503. jp.f.rz; Kfdhiu _______ vd; W
mioj; jdH.
xsit rz; KfdhH
504. jd; khd ,af; fk; tYtile; j
fhyj;jpy; ahUila ehlfq;fs;
gFj; jwpTg; gug; Giu nra; jd?
mwp QH mz; zh > fiyQH
fUzhep jp
MFngaH
505. xd; wd; ,aw; ngaH jd; idf;
Fwpf; fhky; > jd; NdhL njhlHGila
NtnwhU nghUSf; F Mfp te; jhy;
mJ _______ vd; W ngaH.
MFngaH
506. ky; yp if #bdh s; vdr;
nrhd; dhy; mq; F ky; ypif vd; gJ
nfhbahfp a Kjw; nghUisf;
Fwpf; fhky; G+ vd; Dk; rpidiaf;
Fwpj; ; J> rpidf; F (cWg; Gf; F) Mfp
tUtjhy; ,J _______ vdg; gLk;
KjyhF ngaH.
507. KjyhF ngaUf; F kw; nwhU
ngaH vd;d?
nghUshF ngaH
508. G+z; bapy; cs; s gs; spapy; gapd; w
khztp Ngrpdhs; - ,j;njhlupy;
gs; sp vd;Dk; ,lg;ngaH mg;
gs;spapy; gapYk; khztpf;F Mfp
te; Js; sjhy; > ,J _______ MFk; .
,lthF ngaH
509. jprk;gH G+ - ,j;njhlupy; jprk;gH
vd; Dk; khjg; ngaH mk; khjj; jpy;
G+f;Fk; G+tpw;F Mfp te;Js;sjhy;
,J _______ MFk; .
fhythF ngaH
510. rpid vd; why; cWg; G> ntw; wpiy
el; lhd; ,j; njhlup y; cs; s
ntw; wpiy vd; gJ rpidahfpa
,iyiaf; Fwp f; fhky; mjd;
Kjy; nghUshfpa nfhbf;F Mfp
te; Js; sjhy; > ,J _______ MFk; .
rp idahFngaH
511. nghq; fYf; F tP l; by; nts; is
mbg;Nghk; ,j; njhlupy; nts; is
vd;gJ epwg;gz;G. Mdhy; mJ
epwj; ijf; Fwpf; fhky; Rz; zhk; igf;
Fwpj; J te; Js; sjhy; > ,J _______
MFk; .
gz; ghFngaH
512. gz; ghF ngaUf; F kw; nwhU ngaH
vd;d?
FzthFngaH
513. nghq;fy; vd;gJ nghq;Fjyhfpa
njhopw;ngaH. ,it njhopiyf;
Fwpf; fhky; mj; njhopyhy; MFk; .
czitf; Fwp g; gjhy; ,it
_______MFk; .
njhop yhFngaH
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514. MFngaH vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
MW
515. MFngaup d; MW tiffis
vOJf.
1. KjyhF ngaH
2. ,lthF ngaH
3. fhythFngaH
4. rpidahF ngaH
5. FzthF ngaH
6. njhopyhF ngaH
nkhopj; jpwd; gapw; r; rp
516. nrhw; nwhilfspy; mike; Js; s
tOf;fis mwpNthk;
murd; te; jJ (jpiztO) - murd;
te;jhd;
fgpyd; Ngrpdhs; (ghy; tO) -
fgpyd; Ngrpdhd;
Fapy;fs; $tpaJ (vz; tO) -
Fapy;fs; $tpd
fkyh rpupj;jha; (,ltO) fkyh
rpupj;jhs;
tstd; New; W te; jp Uf; fp whs;
(fhytO) tstd; New; W te; jhd; .
Me; ij fj; jpaJ (kuGtO) Me; ij
mywpaJ
517. fPo;f;fhZk; njhlHfspy; mike;
Js;s tOf;fis ePf;fp vOJf.
1. GytH te; jhHfs; - GytH te; jhH
2. kapy; $t Fapy; mftpaJ -
kapy; mft Fapy; $tpaJ
3. jhkiu glk; tiue; jhd; - jhkiu
glk; tiue; jhs;
4. ahidfs; te; jJ - ahidfs;
te; jd
5. ngUkio nga; jikahy; kuq; fs;
tP o; e; jJ - ngUkio nga; jikahy;
kuq; fs; tP o; e; jd
6. taypy; Ml; Lf; fd; W Nka;fpwJ
- taypy; Ml;Lf;Fl;b Nka;fpwJ
7. gR Fl;b Nghl;lJ - gR fd;W
Nghl;lJ
8. khl;il ,yhaj;jpy; fl;L -
khl;ilf; nfhl;lifapy; fl;L
9. ntw; wpiyj; Njhg;Gf;Fr; nrd;W
ntw; wpiy gwpj; J th - ntw; wpiyj;
Njhl; lj; jpw; Fr; nrd; W ntw; wpiy
gwpj; J th
10. ahid Koq;Fk; - ahid
gpspWk;
518. nghUj; Jf
1. rpq; fk; fidj; jJ - vz; tO
2. fz;zd; gbj;jhs; - fhytO
3. ,d;W tUthd; - jpiz tO
4. fgpyd; NgrpaJ - kuG tO
5. gwitfs; gwe; jJ - ghy; tO
tpilfs; :
1. kuG tO 2. ghy; tO 3.
fhytO 4. jpiz tO 5. vz; tO
,ay; VO
nra;As; gFjp
jpUf; Fws; gz; Gilik
519. nrhw; nghUs;
1. tof; F - ed; ndwp
2. Md;w - caHe;j
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3. ead; - NeHik
4. ed; wp - cjtp
5. eifAs; Sk; - tpisahl; lhfTk;
6. ghlwpthH - newpAilahH
7. kha; tJ - moptJ
8. muk; - thisf; $Hikahf; Fk;
fUtp
9. ez;G - el;G
10. eak; ,y - jP q; F> ,dpikaw; w
11. fil - gOJ
12. efy;ty;yH - rpupj;J kfpo;gtH
13. khapU Qhyk; - kpfg;ngupa
cyfk;
14. jpupe;jw;W - jpuptJ Nghd;wJ
jp UtUl; gh
520. jpUtUl; gh - vd; w E}iy ,aw; wp
atH ahH?
,uhkypq; f mbfshH
521. ,uhkypq;f mbfshupd; ngw;NwhH
ahH?
,uhikah - rpd; dk; ik
522. ,uhkypq;f mbfshH gpwe;j CH
vJ?
rpjk; guj; Jf; F mUfpYs; s kUJ}H
523. ,uhkypq; f mbfshupd; rpwg; Gg;
ngaHfs; vd;d?
jp UtUl; gp u fh r ts; syh H >
ts; syhH
524. thba gapiuf; fz; l Nghnjy; yhk;
thbNdd; grp ap dhy; ... vdj;
njhlq; Fk; jpUtUl; gh ghliy
vOjpatH.
,uhkypq; f mbfshH
525. ,uhkypq; f mbfshH ,aw; wpa
E}y; fs; ahit?
jpUtUl; gh> rP tfhUz; a xOf; fk; >
kDKiw fz; l thrfk; Kjypad
526. tlY}upy; rkur Rj;j rd;khHf;f
rq; fk; > rj; jpa Qhdrig> rj; jpa
jUkr; rhiy Mfpatw; iw epWtpatH
ahH?
,uhkyp q; fH
527. ,uhkypq; f mbfshupd; fhyk; vJ?
1823 -1874
528. jpUtUl;gh gpupj;J vOJf.
jpU+mUs; +gh
529. ,iwtd; jpUtUisg; ngWt
jw; fhfg; ghba ghly; vd; Wk;
,iwtdpd; jpUtUshy; ghba
ghly; vd; Wk; vg; ghliyf;
Fwpf; fpNwhk; ?
jp UtUl; gh
530. jpUtUl;ghtpy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s
ghly; fspd; vz; zpf; if vj; jid?
Iah ap u j; J vz; Z} w; Wg;
gjpndl; Lg; ghly;
531. nrhw;nghUs;
1. grpawhJ - grpj;JaH ePq;fhJ
2. maHe; j - fisg; Gw; w
3. ePba - jPuhj
jkpoH thdpay;
532. goe; jkpoHfs; ifahz; l mwptpay;
EZf; fq; fis vjd; %yk;
mwpayhk;?
njhy; fhg; gpak; > rq; f ,yf; fpaq;
fs;> jpUf;Fws;> rpyg;gjpfhuk;>
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kzp Nkfiy> rP tfrp e; jhkzp >
fk; guhkhazk; > jp Uke; jp uk; >
jp Uthrfk;
534. jkpoupd; mwptpay; rpe;jidapy;
Fwpg; gplj; jf; fJ vijg; gw; wpa
mwpthFk;?
thdp ay;
535. cyfpy; Njhd; wpa gy; NtW mwptpay;
fy; tpfspy; kpfj; njhd; ikahdJ>
gioikahdJ vJ?
thdpay; fy; tp
536. cyfk; Ik; G+jq; fshfpa epyk; > eP H>
ntg; gk; > fhw; W> thdk; Mfpa
Ie;Jk; cs;slf;fpaJ _______
vdf; Fwpg; gpLfpwJ?
njhy; fhg; gp ak;
537. Fwpg;G
epyk; eP H jP tsp tpRk; NghL Ie; Jk;
fye; j kaf; fk; Mjypd; ....
(njhy;fhg;gpak; nghUs;. 635)
kz; jpzpe; j epyDk;
epyd; Ve; jpa tpRk; Gk;
tpRk; G ijtU tspAk;
tspj; jiy ,a jP Ak;
jP Kuzpa ePUk; vd;whq;F
Ik; ngUk; G+jj; J ,aw; if Nghy; ....
(Gwk; > 2)
538. cyfk; jl; il ,y; iy cUz; il
ahdJ vd;W ahH fz;lwpe;jhH?
Nghye; J ehl; ilr; rhHe; j
epf; Nfhy]; fpuhg; ];
539. epf; Nfhy]; fpuhg; ]; - vd; gtH cyfk;
jl;il ,y;iy cUz;ilahdJ
vd; W ve; j Mz; by; fz; lwpe; jhH?
gjpide; jhk; E}w; whz; L
540. cyfk; cUz;ilahdJ vd;gij
ahH njhiyNehf; fpahy; fz; L
gpbj; Jr; nrhd; d gpwFjhd; kf; fs;
Vw; Wf; nfhz; ldH?
gjpdhwhk; E}w;whz;by; tho;e;j
fyp yp Nah
541. Nkiy ehl; bdH cyfk; cUz; il
ahdJ vd; W fz; lwptjw; F Kd; Ng
jpUts;StH fz;lwpe;J mjw;F
FwSk; vOjpAs; shH me; jf; Fws;
ahit?
Rod; Wk; VHg; gpd; dJ cyfk;
mjdhy; coe; Jk; coNt jiy
- Fws; > 103
542. thdntspapy; kpfg; ngupa tP z; kP d;
_______ MFk; .
Qhap W
543. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; ,sq;Nfhtbfs;
_______ vd; W Qh ap w; iwg;
Nghw; wpAs; sJ.
Qhap W Nghw; Wjy; Qhap W
Nghw; Wjy;
544. Qhapw; iwr; Rw; wpa ghijia _____
vd; W goe; jkpoH $wpAs; shH.
QhapW tl; lk;
545. nrQ; Qhapw; Wr; nryTk; mQ; Qhapw; Wg;
gupg; Gk; gupg; Gr; #o; e; j kz; byKk;
,it ve; j E}ypd; tupfs; ?
Gwk;> 30
546. jhNd xsptplf;$ba Qhapw;iw
_______ vd; W gz; ilj; jkpoH
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sdH.
ehs; kPd;
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547. Qhapw;wplkpUe;J xspngw;W xsp
tplf; $batw; iw _______ vd; W
gz; ilj; jkpoH Fwpg; gpl; Ls; sdH.
Nfhs; kPd;
548. khjH Kfk; Nghy; xsp tp l
ty; iyNay; fhjiy thop kjp.
- Fws; 118
,f; Fws; vf; fUj; ij ntsp g;
gLj; JfpwJ?
jpq;fs; jhNd xsptpRtjpy;iy
vd; W thdp ay; cz; ikiaj;
jpUf; Fws; ntspg; gLj; JfpwJ.
545. jpq; fisg; ghk; G nfhz; lw; W (Fws;
1146)
vd; Dk; Fws; njhlH vijg;
gw; wpajhFk;
jpq; fs; kiwg; G (re; jpufpufzk; )
546. nrt; tha; f; Nfhs; ve; epwj; ijf;
nfhz;lJ
nre; ep wk;
547. nts; spf; Nfhspy; nts; spj; jhJ
,Ug; gij mwp tp ay; Ma; T
Gyg; gLj; jp > nts; sp ap d; ep wk;
_______ vd; W mwptpj; Js; sd.
ntz;ik epwk;
548. QhapW cjaj; jpw; F Kd; Ng nts; sp
vOe;J tpbaiy czHj;Jtjhy;
,jid _______ vd;wdH.
tp bnts; sp
549. Gjpjhff; fz; lwpe; j Nfhs; _______
vd toq; fg; gl; lJ?
Gjd;
550. Gjd; Nfhisg; Gjpjhff; fz; lwpe; j
jhy; ,jw; F kw; nwhU ngaH cz; L.
mJ vd; d?
mwp td;
551. tpah vd;gjd; nghUs; vd;d?
ngupa> epiwe; j
552. thdp y; ngup a Nfhshf tyk;
tUtijNa _______ vd; W
miof; fpd; wdH.
tp ahod;
553. rdpf; Nfhisf; ___ vd; wiof; fg; gL
fpwhHfs; .
fhup f; Nfhs;
554. fhup f; Nfhsp y; vJ ,Ug; gjhf
,d; iwa mwptpay; Ma; T $WfpwJ
fe; jfk;
555. J}kNfJit _______ vd; Wk;
$WtH.
thy; el; rj; jp uk;
556. tytd; Vth thdT+Hjp - ,J
ve; j E}ypy; cs; s tupfs; ?
Gwk; > 27:8
557. thD}Hjp Xl; Lfpwtidj; jkpopy;
_______ vd miof; fpwhHfs; .
tytd;
fyPypNah fypyp
558. fyP ypNah ve; j Mz; by; gpwe; jhH?
1564 Mk; Mz; L gp g; utup 15
jpq;fs; fpoik
559. fypypNahtpd; je;ij ngaH vd;d
tp d; nrd; NrhfyP tp
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560. fypypNah jk; ,sikf; fhyj; jpy;
,Ue;J vjd; kPJ kpFe;j MHtk;
cilatuha; tpsq;fpdhH?
,aw; if mwptpay;
561. fbfhuj; jpd; ngz; Lyj; ij. Criy
(Cry; tpjp) mikj; J Neuj; ijf;
fzf; fpLk; Kiwiaf; fz; lwpe; jtH
ahH?
fypypNah fypyp
562. igrh efug; gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy;
kUj;Jtj;Jiwapy; fypypNahtpd;
Kjw; fz; Lgpbg; G ahJ?
Cry; tpjp
563. fypypNah jk; Kila ,Ugj; ije; jhk;
mfitap NyNa igrh efu g;
gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy; _______ Mfg;
gzpakHj;jg;gl;lhH
fzpjg; NguhrpupaH
564. ve;j Mz;by; fypypNah fzpj
tpupTiuahsuhfg; gzpahw;wpdhH?
1592 Mk; Mz; L
565. ve; jg; gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy; fzpj
tp up Tiuahsuhff; fyp yp Nah
gzpahw;wpdhH?
gJth gy; fiyf; fofk;
566. fypypNah vjw; F mstpia Kjd;
Kjyhf cUthf;fpdhH?
fhw; W> ntg; gk;
567. fypypNahtpw; F Kd; G thdpay;
gw; wpa nfhs; iffis ntspapl; ltH
ahH?
mup ]; lhby;
568. _______vd; w thdpayhsUk; epyk;
mz;lj;jpd; ikag;gFjp vd;Wk;
m/J mirahjJ epiyahdJ
vd; Wk; $wpdhH.
jhykp vd; w thdpayhsH
569. #upaidf; Rw;wpa Gtp efHfpwJ
vd;gJ ve;j thdpay; mwpQupd;
nfhs;ifahFk;?
thdpay; mwpQH NfhgHepfrpd;
570. ve;j Mz;by; njhiy Nehf;fpia
mikj; J tpz; ntspia Ma; T
nra; jhH?
1610 Mk; Mz; L
571. _______ vd; gJ gyNfhb tpz; kP d;
fspd; njhFjp vd; W nka; g; gpj; jhH
ghy; tPjp
572. epyhtpd; Nkw; gug; G vJ epiwe; Js; s
jhf fypypNah njhiyNehf; fp
%yk; fz;lwpe;J $wpdhH?
fuLKulh dJ> kiyfSk;
gs; sj; jhf; FfSk; epiwe; Js; sJ
573. ve; j mwpQH mz; lj; jpd; ikak;
G+kpad; W> #upaNd vd; Wk; #upaidg;
G+ kp Ak; gp w Nfhs; fSk; Rw; wp
tUfpwJ vd; Wk; $wpatH?
mwpQH NfhgHepfR
574. tpahod; Nfhis vj;jid rpW
Nfhs;fs; Rw;wp tUfpd;wd?
ehd; F
575. fypypNahit ve; j Mz; by; tP l; Lr;
rpiw itj; jdH?
1616 Mk; Mz; L
576. fp . gp . 1632 ,y; cyfj; jp d;
Kjd; ikahd ,U Kiwikfisg;
gw; wpa ciuahly; vd; w E}iy
vOjpatH ahH?
fyp yp Nah
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577. Gjpa mwptpaiyr; rhHe;j ,U
ciuahly; vd; w E}iyf; fypypNah
ve;j Mz;L vOjp ntspapl;lhH?
fp.gp.1638 Mk; Mz;L
587. fypypNah E}y; fisf; nfhz; L
ahH jk; Kila nfhs; iffis
cUthf;fpdhH?
Irf; epA+l; ld;
588. fypypNah ve;j Mz;L ,t;Tyf
tho;it ePj;jhH?
fp.gp.1642 Mk; Mz; L> rdtup
jpq;fs; fpoik
Ntw; Wik
589. KUfd; te;jhd; - ,j;njhlupy;
KUfd; vd;gJ vd;d?
vOtha;
590. KUfidg; ghHj; jhd; - ,j; njhlupy;
KUfd; vd;gJ vd;d?
nrag; gLnghUs;
591. KUfdhy; tiuag;gl;lJ - ,j;
njhlupy; KUfd; vd;gJ vd;d?
vOthiar; nrag; gLnghUshfTk;
fUj; jhthfTk; NtWgl; Ls; sJ
592. ngaHfs; NtWgl; L te; jhy;
_______ vdg; gLk; .
Ntw; Wik
593. vOtha; tpidKw; W> ngaHr; nrhy; >
tpidr; nrhy; Mfpatw; Ws; xd; iwg;
gadpiyahff; nfhz; L Kbe; jhy;
mJ _______ my;yJ _______
vdg; gLk; .
vOth a; Ntw; Wik> Kjy;
Ntw; Wik
594. KUNfrd; nrbia el;lhd; ,j;
njhlupy; KUNfrd; vd; gJ vOtha;
nrb vd;gJ ngaHr;nrhy;. m/J
I vd; Dk; cUig Vw; Wr;
nrag; gLnghUis czHj; Jtjhy;
,J _______ vdg; gLk;
,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wik
595. %d; whk; Ntw; Wik cUGfs; ahit
My; > Md; > XL> xL
596. My; > Md; > cUGfs; _______
Mfpa ,UnghUs;fspYk; tUk;.
fUtp> fUj; jh
597. fUtp vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
,uz; L
598. fUtpapd; tiffis $Wf?
Kjw; fUtp> Jizf; fUtp
599. fUj;jh vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
,uz; L
600. fUj; jhtpd; tiffisf; $Wf?
,aw; Wjy; fUj; jh> VTjy; fUj; jh.
601. XH vOthapd; nraYld; gpwpnjhd; wdJ
nraYk; cldpfo; tij _______
vd;gH.
cldpfo; r; rpg; nghUs;
602. ehd;fhk; Ntw;Wik cUG ahJ?
F
603. F- Tf; Fg; gjpyhf vit nrhy; YUG
fshf tUk;?
nghUl; L> epkpj; jk;
604. Ie; jhk; Ntw; Wik cUGfs; ahit?
,y;> ,d;
605. Ie; jhk; Ntw; Wikf; Fupa nrhy; YU
Gfs; ahit?
,Ue;J> epd;W> tpl> fhl;bYk;
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114
606. Mwhk; Ntw; Wik cUGfs; ahit?
mJ> MJ> m
607. Mwhk; Ntw; Wikf; Fupa nrhy; YUGfs;
ahit?
cila
608. Vohk; Ntw; Wikf; Fupa cUGfs;
ahit?
fz;> fhy;> Nky;> fPNo> ,lk;>
,y;
609. vl; lhk; Ntw; Wik cUG vJ
tp sp Ntw; Wik
610. glHf; ifg; ngaiu Kd; dpiyg;
ngauhf; fp miof; f ve; j Ntw; Wik
gad;gLfpwJ?
tp sp Ntw; Wik
611. nghUj; Jf
1. fhl;il mopj;jhd; - Mwhk;
Ntw; Wikr; nrhy; YUG
2. Gtpiag; Nghd;wtd; - nghUl;L
3. $ypapd; nghUl;L Ntiy -
mopj; jy;
4. vd; Dila tP L - xj; jy;
tpil
1. mopj;jy;
2. xj; jy;
3. nghUl; L
4. Mwhk; Ntw; Wikr; nrhy; YUG
612. nghUj;Jf
1. Kjy; Ntw; Wik - fpisapd;
fz; fhf; if
2. %d; whk; Ntw; Wik - fy; tpapy;
ngupatH fk;gH
3. Ie; jhk; Ntw; Wik - kuj; jhy;
nra;jJ
tpil
1. fy; tpapy; ngupatH fk; gH
2. kuj;jhy; nra;jJ
3. jpisapd; fz; fhf;if
,ay; vl; L
nra; As; gFjp - tpy; ypghujk;
613. thd; ngw; w ejpfko; jhs; tzq; fg;
ngw;Nwd; vd;w ghliy vOjpatH
ahH?
tp y; yp Gj; J}uhH
614. tpy;ypghujk; ghliy vOjpatH
ahH?
tp y; yp Gj; J}uhH
615. tpy; ypGj; J}uhupd; je; ij ngaH
vd;d?
tP uuhftH
616. tpy;ypGj;J}uhiu Mjupj;jtH ahH?
tf; fghifia Mz; l tugjp
Ml; nfhz; lhd;
617. tpy; ypghujk; vj; jid gUtj; ijf;
nfhz;lJ?
gj; Jg; gUtk;
618. tpy; ypghujk; vj; jid tpUj; jg;
ghlyhy; MdJ
ehyhapuj; J Ke; E}w; iwk; gJ
619. tpy; ypghuj; jpy; vl; lhk; gUtk; ve; jg;
gUtj; jpy; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ?
fd; dgUtk;
620. thd; ngw; w ejp - vd; gjd; nghUs;
ahJ?
fq; ifahW
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115
621. ,Uepyk; - vd; gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
ngupa cyfk;
622. Cd; - vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
jir
623. nrhw;nghUs; $Wf
1. fsgk; - re; jdk;
2. Joha; myq; fy; - Jsrpkhiy
3. Gak; - Njhs;
4. ijte; J - njhl; Lj; jltp
5. gfop - mk; G
6. ehkk; - ngaH
624. tpy; ypGj; J}uhupd; fhyk; vJ?
gjpdhd; fhk; E}w; whz; L
ahH ftpQd;
625. ahH ftpQd; ghlypd; MrpupaH
ahH?
Kbaurd;
626. ftpQH Kbaurupd; ,aw; ngaH
ahJ?
JiuuhR
627. Kbaurupd; ngw; NwhH ngaH vd; d?
Rg; guhaY - rPjhnyl; Rkp
628. Kbaurupd; gpwe;j CH vJ?
Njdp khtl; lj; jpYs; s ngupaFsk;
629. KbaurH ,aw; wpa E}y; fs; ahit?
G+q; nfhb> fhtpag; ghit> tP ufhtpak;
Kbaurd; ftpijfs; Kjypad.
630. Kbaurupd; gzp vd;d
jkpohrpupaH> kP.R. caHepiyg;
gs; sp> fhiuf; Fb.
631. gwk; Gkiyapy; ele; j tpohtpy;
ftpauR vd; Dk; gl; lk; ve; j
mbfshuhy; toq; fg; ngw; wJ?
Fd; wf; Fb mbfs;
632. G+q;nfhb vd;Dk; fhtpaj;Jf;fhf
ve; j Mz; by; jkp of muR
KbaurUf;Fg; gupR toq;fpaJ?
1966 Mk; Mz; L
633. Kbaurupd; fhyk; vJ
1920-1998
634. rpwg;G
Kbaurd; > ghujpjhrd; guk; giuj;
jiyKiwf; ftpQUs; %j; jtH.
je; ij ngupahH NguwpQH mz; zh
MfpNahuplk; neUq; fpg; gofpatH
MtH.
635. nrhw;nghUs;
1. ifk; khW - gad;
2. khrw; w - Fw; wkw; w
3. Njl;il - jpul;ba nry;tk;
4. kP l; rp - Nkd; ik
5. khs eP q; f
NjtNeag; ghthzH
636. kd;dpg;G vd;gJ cUJr; nrhy;@
nghWj; Jf; nfhs; f vd; gJ jkpo; r;
nrhy; vd;W tpsf;fpatH ahH?
NjtNeag; ghthzH
637. jkpopd; njhd; ikia cyfwpar;
nra;jtH ahH?
fhy; Lnty;
638. jdpj;jkpOf;F tpj;jpl;ltH ahH?
gup jp khw; fiyQH
639. NjtNeag; ghthzup d; ngw; NwhH
ngaH vd;d?
QhdKj; J - gupG+uzk;
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116
640. NjtNeag; ghthzH gpwe; j CH vJ?
rq; fud; Nfhtp y;
641. NjtNeag; ghthzH thq; fp a
gl;lq;fs; vd;d?
gz; bjH GytH> tpj; Jthd; > KJ
fiyj; jkpo; > gp.X.vy; .>
642. NjtNeag; ghthzupd; fhyk; vd; d?
7.02.1902 - 15.01.1981
643. NjtNeag; ghthzupd; rpwg; Gfs;
vd;d?
nre; jkpo; r; nry; tH> nre; jkpo;
Qhap W> jkp o; g; ngUq; fhtyH
vd 174 rpwg;Gg; ngaHfs;
644. Nfhtp y; fsp y; jkp op y; top ghL
eilngWNtz; Lk; vd; Wk; gpwg; G
,wg; Gj; njhlHghd rlq; Ffs;
ahTk; jkpopy; eilngwNtz; Lk;
vd;Wk; ahH typAWj;jpdhH?
NjtNeag; ghthzH
645. NjtNeag; ghthzH vj; jid
E}y; fisg; gilj; Js; shH?
ehw; gj; J %d; W
646. NjtNeag;ghthziu ve;j Mz;L
nrhw;gpwg;gpay; mfuKjypj;jpl;l
,af;Feuhfg; gzpakHj;jpdhHfs;?
08.05.1974
647. kd;dpg;G ve;j nkhopr;nrhy;?
cUJr; nrhy;
648. murp d; cjtp NahL vj; jid
Ma; Tf; fl; Liufs; vOjpAs; shH?
,UE}w; Wf; Fk; Nkw; gl; l
649. NjtNeag; ghthzupd; ngaupy; ve; j
Cupy; mz;zhrhiyapy; E}yfk;
nray;gl;L tUfpwJ?
nrd; id
650. vt; T+upy; ghthzH Nfhl; lk; mtHjk;
KO cUtr;rpiy> mtH ngaupy;
E}yfk; Mfp ait mikf; fg;
gl;Ls;sJ?
,uhrghisaj;jpw;F mUfpYs;s
Kwk; gpy;
651. kJiuapy; 05.01.1981 - md; W
eilngw; w cyfj; jkpo; khehl; by;
ve; jj; jiyg; gpy; nrhw; nghopthw; wpdhH?
khe; jd; Njhw; wKk; jkpoH kuGk;
GzHr;rp - ,ay;G> tpfhuk;
652. epiynkhopAk; tUnkhopAk; NrUk;
NghJ vt; tpj khw; wKk; Vw; gl
tpy;iynad;why; mJ _______
GzHr;rp MFk;.
,ay; Gg; GzHr; rp
653. nghd; +tisay;=nghd; tisay;
- ,izAk; ,Unrhw;fspy; Kjy;
nrhy; _______ vdg; gLk; .
ep iynkhop
654. epiynkhopapd; ,Wjp vOj; Jg;
Gs;spahf (nka;ahf) ,Ue;jhy;
mij _______ vdf; $WtH
nka; aP W
655. epiynkhopapd; ,Wjp vOj; J capH
nka;ahf ,Ue;jhy; mit _____
vdr; nrhy; yg; gLk; .
cap uP W
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117
656. tUnkhopapd; Kjy; vOj; J capH
nka; ahf ,Ug; gpd; mij _______
vd miog; gH.
nka; Kjy;
657. tUnkhop ap d; Kjy; vOj; J
capuhf ,Ug;gpd; mij _______
vd miog; gH.
cap HKjy;
658. epiynkhopAk; tUnkhopAk; NrUk;
NghJ khw; wq; fs; Vw; gLkhdhy;
mjid _______ vd;gH.
tp fhug; GzHr; rp
659. tpfhug; GzHr; rp vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
%d; W
660. tpfhug; GzHr; rpapd; %d; W tiffis
vOJf.
1. Njhd; wy; 2. nfLjy; 3. jpupjy;
661. ,ay;Gg;GzHr;rpf;F (v.fh) $Wf?
thio+kuk; = thiokuk;
662. tpfhug;GzHr;rp (v.fh) jUf?
thio + gok; = thiog; gok;
663. Njhd;wy; GzHr;rpf;F v.fh jUf?
jpU + Fws; = jpUf; Fws; (f; )
664. nfLjy; GzHr; rpf; F v.fh jUf?
kuk; + NtH = kuNtH (k;)
665. jpupjy; GzHr;rpf;F v.fh jUf?
gy; + nghb = gw; nghb (w; )
666. GzHr; rp vj; jid tifg; gLk; mit
ahit?
,uz; L- 1.,ay; G 2.tpfhuk;
667. ty; ypdk; kpFk; ,lq; fs; :-
1. m , vd;Dk; Rl;nlOj;Jfspd;
gpd; ty; nyhw; W kpFk;
(v.L) m + fdp = mf;fdp
, + Gj; jfk; = ,g; Gj; jfk;
2. v vd; Dk; tpid vOj; jpd; gpd;
ty; nyhw; W kpFk; .
(v.L) v+nghUs; = vg;nghUs;
3. me; j> ,e; j vd; Dk; Rl; Lj;
jpupGfspd; gpd; ty; nyhw; W kpFk; .
(v.L) me; j+igad;=me; jg; igad;
,e;j+gs;sp = ,e;jg;gs;sp
4. mg; gb> ,g; gb> vg; gb vd; Dk;
nrhw;fspd; gpd; ty;nyhw;W kpFk;.
(v.L) mg; gb+Nfs; =mg;gbf;Nfhs;
,g;gb+nra; = ,g;gbr;nra;
vg; gb+ gbj; jhd; = vg; gbg; gbj; jhd;
5. mt; tif> ,t; tif> vt; tif vDk;
nrhw;fspd; gpd; ty;nyhw;W kpFk;.
(v.L) mt; tifg; Ngr; R
6. ,dp> jdp> kw; W> kw; w> kw; iw vDk;
nrhw;fspd; gpd; ty;nyhw;W kpFk;
(v.L) ,dpg;Ngrpdhd;
7. ,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wik> ehd; fhk;
Ntw; Wik tpupapd; gpd; ty; nyhw; W
kpFk; .
(v.L) glj; ijg; ghHj; jhd;
mtDf; Ff; nfhL
8. ,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wik cUGk; gaDk;
cle; njhf; fj; njhifapd; gpd; Dk;
ty; nyhw; W kpFk; .
(v.L) japHf; Flk;
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118
9. %d; whk; Ntw; Wik cUGk; gaDk;
cle; njhf; fj; njhifapd; gpd; Dk;
ty; nyhw; W kpFk; .
(v.L) gl; Lr; Nriy
10. ehd; fhk; Ntw; Wikapy; m/wpizg;
ngaHfspd; gpd;Dk; ty;nyhw;W
kpFk; .
(v.L) $ypj; njhopy;
11. Ie; jhk; Ntw; Wik cUGk; gaDk;
cld; njhf; fj; njhifapd; gpd; Dk;
ty; nyhw; W kpFk; .
(v.L) tpopg; Gdy;
12. Vohk; Ntw; Wik cUGk; gaDk;
cld; njhf; fj; njhifapd; gpd; Dk;
ty; nyhw; W kpFk; .
(v.L) eP Hg; ghk; G
13. Vohk; Ntw; Wikj; njhifapd;
gpd; Dk; ty; nyhw; W kpFk; .
(v.L) Fbg; gpwe; jhH
,ay; xd; gJ
nra; As; gFjp - fk; guhkhazk;
668. fk;guhkhazk; ghliy vOjpatH
ahH?
fk; gH
669. fk; gH ve; j Cupy; gpwe; jhH?
ehif khtl; lk; kapyhLJiwf; F
mUfpYs; s NjuOe; J}H
670. fk; giu Mjupj; jtH ahH?
rilag; g ts; sy;
671. rlNfhgue;jhjp> VnuOgJ rpiy
naOgJ> ruRtjp me; jhjp> jpUf; if
tof; fk; ,e; E}y; fis ,aw; wpatH
ahH?
fk; gH
672. fk;gupd; fhyk; vd;d?
fp.gp.xd; gjhk; E}w; whz; L vd; Wk;
gd; dpuz; lhk; E}w; whz; L vd; Wk;
$WtH
673. fk; gH tlnkhop ap y; thy; kP fp
vOjpa ,uhkhazj;ijj; jOtpa
ve; E}iy ,aw; wpdhH?
jkpopy; fhg; gpak;
674. fk;gH ,aw;wpa fhg;gpa E}Yf;F
_____vdg; ngaupl;lhH.
,uhkhtjhuk;
675. fij khe; jupd; tlnrhw; ngaHfisj;
_____ jkpo; g; gLj; jpa ngUikf; Fup
atH fk;gH.
njhy; fhg; gpa newpg; gb
676. fk; guhkhazk; vj; jid fhz; lq;
fisAilaJ?
MW
677. MW fhz; lq; fisf; $Wf?
1. ghyfhz;lk;> 2. mNahj; jp ah
fhz; lk; > 3. Muzpa fhz; lk; > 4.
fpl; fpe; jhfhz; lk; > 5.Re; jufhz; lk; >
6. Aj; jfhz; lk;
678. fk; guhkhazg; ghly; ve; j fhz; lj; J
Mw; Wg; glyj; jpy; cs; sJ?
ghyfhz; lk;
679. ve; j khepyj; jpy; ghAk; ruA ejpapd;
tsk; fk; gu h kh azj; jp y;
$wg;gl;Ls;sJ?
cj; jpugpuNjr khepyk;
680. jhJ- vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
kfue; jk;
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119
681. nrhw;nghUs;
1. NghJ - kyH
2. ngha; if - Fsk;
3. G+fk; - fKfk; (ghf; F kuk; )
tpOJk; NtUk;
682. tp OJk; NtUk; - ,g; ghliy
,aw;wpatH ahH?
ghujp jhrd;
683. ghujpjhrupd; ,aw;ngaH vd;d?
fdf Rg; Guj; jpdk;
684. ghujpjhrupd; ngw; NwhH ngaH vd; d?
fdfrig - ,yf;Fkp
685. ghujpjhrd; gpwe;j CH vJ?
GJr; Nrup
686. ghujpjhrd; tho; e; j fhyk; vJ
29.04.1891-21.04.1964
687. ghujpjhrupd; rpwg; Gg; ngaHfs;
vd;d?
ghNte; jH> Gul; rpf; ftpQH
688. ahUld; nfhz; l neUq; fp a
njhlHgpdhy; ghujpjhrd; vdj; jd;
ngaiu mikj; Jf; nfhz; lhH?
ghujp ahH
689. J}yk; Nghy; tsH fp isf; F
tpOJfs; J}d;fs; vd;w ghliy
vOjpatH ahH?
ghujp jhrd;
690. je; ij ngup ahup d; gFj; jwp Tr;
rp e; jidfisg; ghujp jhrd;
mtHfs; vt;tbtpy; je;jhH?
ftp ij
691. ghujp jhrd; ,aw; wp a E}y; fs;
ahit?
ghz; bad; gupR> FLk; g tpsf; F
,Uz; ltP L> mofp d; rp up g; G
fz; zfp Gul; rp f; fhg; gp ak; >
FwpQ; rpj; jpl; Lj; jkpopaf; fk;
692. ,q; F ,lk; ngw; Ws; s ghly; _____
vd; Dk; E}ypy; tpOJk; NtUk;
vd; Dk; jiyg; gp d; fP o;
,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ?
mofpd; rpupg; G
693. jpwy; - vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
typ ik
694. kwtH - vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ
tP uH
fhl; Lap up fs;
695. Ik; G+jq; fisf; $Wf?
epyk;> ePH> jP> fhw;W> thdk;
696. Ik; G+ jq; fsp y; _____, _____
,Utifahd nghUs; fs; cs; sd.
capUs; s> capuw; w
697. nka; apdhy; mwpAk; capH vj; jid
mwpTfisf; nfhz; lJ?
Xuwp T
698. XuwpT nfhz;l capupdq;fSf;F
v.fh jUf?
Gy; kuk; Nghd;w jhtuq;fs;
699. nka; - fz; - <u wp T nfh z; l
capupdq;fSf;F v.fh jUf?
ej;ij> rq;F
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120
700. nka; > tha; > %f; F> %twpT nfhz; l
capupdq;fisf; $Wf?
vWk; G> fiuahd; > ml; il
701. IawpT vd; gJ ve; nje; j mwpTfisf;
nfhz;ljhFk;?
nka; > tha; > %f; F> fz; > nrtp
702. IawpT nfhz;l capupdq;fSf;F
v.fh jUf?
tpyq; F> gwit
703. MwwpT nfhz;l capupdq;fSf;F
v.fh jUf?
kdp jH
704. MwwpT vd;gJ ve;nje;j mwpT
fisf; nfhz; ljhFk; ?
nka; > tha; > %f; F> fz; > nrtp>
kdk;
705. capupfspd; Mw;wYf;F mbg;gil
ahf tpsq; Fgit vit?
jhtuq; fs;
706. cyfpNyNa mjpf msT kio
ngWk; ,lk; vJ?
mrhkpy; kuq; fs; mlHe; Js; s
rp uGQ; rp
707. mf;NlhgH Kjy; thuj;ij muR
vt;thW nfhz;lhb tUfpwJ?
tdtpyq; F thuk;
708 tdtpyq; F ghJfhg; Gr; rl; lk; ve; j
Mz;L ,aw;wg;gl;lJ?
1972 Mk; Mz; L
709. tdtp yq; Fg; ghJfhg; Gr; rl; lk;
vijj; jLf; fpwJ?
tdtpyq; Ffis Ntl; ilahLjy;
710. ekJ ehl; by; vj; jid tdtpyq; F
ghJfhg;G ,lq;fs; cs;sd?
gjp NdO
711. ekJ ehl; by; vj; jid Njrpa
tdtpyq; Fg; G+q; fhf; fs; cs; sd?
mWgj; jhW
712. ekJ ehl; by; vj; jid Gfyplq; fs;
mike;Js;sd?
Ke; E}w; W mWgj; njl; L
713. cyf tdtpyq;F ehs; vg;NghJ
nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wd?
mf; NlhgH> 4-Mk; ehs;
nrd; id mUq; fhl; rpafk;
714. mUq; fhl; rpafk; vq; F mike; Js; sJ?
nrd; id> vOk; G+upy;
715. nrd; id> vOk; G+H mUq; fhl; rpafk;
ve;j Mz;by; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ?
716. mUq; fhl; rp afj; jp y; vj; jid
fhl;rpafq;fs; cs;sd
gjp d; %d; W
GzHr; rp: capuPW
clk; gLnka; > nka; aPW
717. capH <w;Wr; nrhy;Kd; ty;ypd
vOj;Jfs; te;jhy; mjd; nka;
naOj;Jfs; _____.
kp Fk;
718. gy - ,r;nrhy;ypy; (y; +m=y)
vdg; gpupj; jhy; > ,jpy; m _____
MFk; .
capH <W
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121
719. ,ay; gp Dk; tp jp ap Dk; ep d; w
capHKd; frjg kpFk; . ve; j E}ypy;
cs;s tupfs;?
ed; D}y; > 165
clk; gLnka;
720. epiynkhop <w; W capUk; tUnkhop
Kjy; capUk; ,izAk; NghJ t;
my;yJ a; ,ilapy; Njhd;wpdhy;
,jw; F _____ vd; W ngaH
clk; gLnka;
721. ghLk; ghly; - ,j;njhlupy; ghly;
vd; gJ vd; d?
tUnkhop
722. ty;ypdk; kpfh ,lk;
1. fij + nrhd;dhd; = fij
nrhd; dhd;
2. mofNdhL + nrd; whd; =
mofNdhL nrd;whd;
3. tPl;bapypUe;J + ghHj;jhd; =
tPl;bapypUe;J ghHj;jhd;
4. vdJ + Gj; jfk; = vdJ Gj; jfk;
5. RL + NrhW = RL NrhW
6. fy;tp + Nfs;tp = fy;tpNfs;tp
7. gbj; j + ghlk; = gbj;j ghlk;
8. Nfhop + nfhf; fupj; jJ = Nfhop
nfhf; fupj; jJ
9. tho; f + nre; jkpo; = tho; f
nre; jkpo;
10. mJ> ,J> vJ> vd; Dk;
nrhw;fspd; gpd; ty;ypdk; kpfhJ
mJ + jhd; = mJjhd;
md; W> ,d; W> vd; W vDk;
nrhw; fSf; Fg; gpd; kpfhJ (v.L)
md; W nfhLj; Njd; .
11. mj; jid> ,j; jid> vj; jid
vd;Dk; nrhw;fspd; gpd; ty;ypdk;
kpfhJ.
(v.L) vj; jid + nghUs; =
vj; jidnghUs;
12. gb vd;W KbAk; tpidnar;rk;
cfutP w; W tpidnar; rk; vjpHkiwg;
nganur; rj; jp d; gp d; ty; yp dk;
kpfhJ.
(v.L) tUk; gb $wpdhs;
723. gythz; L ,r; nrhy; gpupAk; Kiw
_____
gy + Mz; L
724. gid + Xiy - ,uz; bw; Fk;
,ilapy;_____ Njhd;Wk;?
a;
725. , < I top at; Tk; Vid
cap H top tt; Tk; VKd;
,t; tpUikAk; capHtupd; clk; gL
nka;nad; whFk; ,g;ghly; ve;j
E}ypy; te; Js; sJ
ed; D}y;
nka; aPw; Wg; GzHr; rp
726. E}y;+Mil - ,jpy; E}y; vd; gJ
epiynkhop Mil vd; gJ tUnkhop
vdNt ep iynkhop ap d; <W
nka;ahf ,Ue;jhy; mij _____
vd miog; gH.
nka; aP W
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122
727. cly;Nky; capHte;J xd;WtJ
,ay; Ng. ,t; tup ve; E} yp y;
te;Js;sJ?
ed; D}y; 204
728. jdpf;Fwpy; Kd; xw;W capHtupd;
,ul; Lk; ,e; j tup ve; E}ypy;
te;Js;sJ.
ed; D}y; 205
,ay;gj;J - nra;As;gFjp
Kj; Jf; FkhuRthkp
gps;isj; jkpo;
tUifg; gUtk;
729. Kj; Jf; FkhuRthkp gps; isj; jkpio
,aw;wpatH ahH?
FkuFUguH
730. FkuFUguup d; ngw; NwhH ngaH
vd;d?
rz; Kf rp fhkzp f; ftp uhaH
rptfhk Re; jupak; ik
731. FkuFUguH gpwe;j CH vJ?
jp UitFz; lk;
732. FkuFUguH ve;nje;j nkhopfspy;
Gyik kpf; ftuha; j; jpfo; e; jhH?
jkpo; > tlnkhop> ,e; J]; jhdp
733. jp Ug; gze; jhsp Yk; > fhrp ap Yk
FkuFUguH jk; ngauhy; vd;d
epWtp cs;shH?
klk;
734. gps; isj; jkpo; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
,uz; L
735. ,Utifahd gp s; isj; jkp io
vOJf
1. Mz; ghw; gps; isj; jkpo;
2. ngz; ghw; gps; isj; jkpo;
736. gps; isj; jkpopy; vj; jid gUtq; fs;
cs;sd?
gj; Jg; gUtk;
737. gj; Jg; gUtq; fsp y; vj; jid
gUtq; fs; ,Ughw; gp s; isj;
jkpOf; Fk; nghJthdit MFk; ?
VO gUtq;fs;
738. VOtifahd gUtq; fisf; $Wf?
fhg;G> nrq;fPiu> jhy; rg;ghzp
Kj;jk; tUif> mk;Gyp
739. gj; Jg; gUtq; fspy; Mz; ghYf; Fupa
,Wjp %d; W gUtq; fis vOJf?
rpw; wpy; > rpWgiw> rpWNjH
740. gj; Jg; gUtq; fspy; ngz; ghYf; Fupa
,Wjp %d; W gUtq; fis vOJf?
mk; khid> foq; F (eP uhly; )> Cry;
741. Gs; spUf; F NtSupy; (itj; jP Rtud;
Nfhtpy; ) vOe; jUspapUf; Fk; KUfg;
ngUkhdpd; ngaH vd;d?
Kj; Jf; FkhuRthkp
742. FkuFUguH ,aw; wp a E}y; fs;
vit?
fe; jH fypntz; gh> kJiu kP dhl; rp
mk; ik gps; isj; jkpo;> kJiuf;
fyk; gfk; > rfyfyhty; yp khiy>
ePjpnewp tpsf;fk;.
743. FkuFUguH vt;T+upy; ,iwtdb
NrHe;jhH?
fhrp
744. FkuFUguupd; fhyk; vd;d?
gjpNdohk; E}w; whz; L
745. Fwpg;G
ekf; Fg; ghlg; gFjpahf cs; s ghly;
tUifg; gUtj; jpy; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
,J E}ypd; MwhtJ gUtkhFk;.
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Foe; ijapd; gjpd; %d; whk; jpq; fspy;
epfo; tJ@ jsHeilapl; L tUk;
Foe; ijapd; jpwg; Gfis vLj; Jf;
$wp mUfpy; tUf tUf vd
tha; Fspu kdq; Fspu miof; Fk;
ghly; fisf; nfhz; ljha; ,g; gUtk;
mike; Js; sJ.
746. ,iwtidNah ey; yhiuNah
ghl; Lilj; jiytuhff; nfhz; L
mtiuf; Foe; ijahff; fUjpg;
ghlg; gLk; rpw; wpyf; fpa tif _____
gps; isj; jkpo;
747. nrhw;nghUs;
1. kjp - mwpT
2. mKj fpuzk; - FspHr; rpahd xsp
3. cjak; - fjputd;
4. kJuk; - ,dpik
5. ewtk; - Njd;
6. fOtpa JfsH - Fw; wkw; wtH
7. ryjp - fly;
8. myF ,y; - mstpy;yhj
9. Gtdk; - cyfk;
10. kjiy - Foe; ij
11. gUjpGup - fjputd; topgl;l
,lk; (itj;jPRtud; Nfhtpy;)
,yf; fpaj; jpy; eifr; Rit
748. eifr; Rit Njhd; Wtjw; fhd
fhuzk; vd; dntd; W njhy; fhg; gpak;
$WfpwJ?
vs; sy; > ,dp ik> mwp ahik>
klik
749. efy; ty; yH my; yhHf; F khapU
Qhyk; gfYk;ghw; gl;ld; wpUs;
,J ve;E}ypd; tupfs;?
Fws; 999
750. ek; clypy; _____, _____ Vw; gL
tjw; Fk; ey; y eifr; Rit Jiz
Gupfpd; wJ.
FUjpXl; lk; $Ltjw; Fk; > %isapy;
Gj; JzHr; rp
751. ,t; Tyfpy; eiff; fj; njupahj
tHfis vd; d ntd; W fUjg;
gLthHfs;?
miukdp jHfs;
752. mQ;riy muf;f! ghHtpl; le;ju
kile;jh dd;Nw ntQ;rpd thyp>
kP shd; > thYk; Ngha; tP o; e; jjd; Nw....
,t; tup fs; ve; E} yp y; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sd?
fk; guhkhazk;
753. nraq; nfhz; lhH _____ ,UnghUs;
jUkhW nrhw; fisg; ghl; by;
mikj; Jg; ghLtjpy; ty; ytH MtH
ftp fhsNkfk;
754. ftp vd; gjw; F _____ vd; Dk;
nghUs;.
Fuq; F
ehq; fs; ftp uhrHfs; vd; W
nrUf; Fld; $wpa GytHfspd;
nrUf; if mlf; Fk; gb> ftp
vd; gjw; Ff; Fuq; F vd; Dk; nghUs;
Njhd; WkhW.
th nyq; Nf? eP z; L vOe; j
ty; Yfpnuq; Nf ehY fhnyq; Nf
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124
Cd;tbj;j fz;nzq;Nf? rhyg;
Gtp uhaH Nghw; Wk; GytHfhs; !
ePq;fs; ftpuhaH vd;wpUe;jf; fhy;.
vDk; ghliy nraq; nfhz; lhH
ghbdhH.
755. ,f; fhyf; ftp QHfs; jhq; fs;
ifahSfpd; w vjidf; nfhz; L
eifr; Ritia mOFw mikj; Jf;
fhl;LfpwhHfs;?
fw;gidfspYk;> ctikfspYk;
756. ftpQH ghujpjhrd; vjDila
Njhif ePz;L ,Ug;gij eifr;
Ritahf $wpdhH?
kap y;
ftpQH ghujpjhrd; kapypd; fOj; J
ePz;L ,Ug;gij eifr;Ritahf
tpsf;FfpwhH.
mayhd; tP l; by; miwapy; elg; gij
vl;bg; ghHf;fh jpUg;g jw;Nf
,aw; if ad; id ,g; ngz;
fl;nfy;yhk;
Fl; ilf; fOj; ijf; nfhLj; jhd; :
fiwnahd; wpy; yhf; fyhg kapNy!
cdf; Nfh epkHe; J epw; f eP s; fOj; J
mspj; jhd; .
757. ehQ;rpy; ehl;Lf; ftpQH Njrpf
tpehafdhupd; _____ xU eifr;
Ritf; fsQ; rpak; vd; gH.
kUkf;fs; top khd;kpak;
gbf;fr; nrd;wtd; vijnay;yhk;
gzak; itf; fp whd; vd; gij
ehQ;rpy; ehl;Lf; ftpQH Njrpf
tpehafdhH ghbAs;shH.
Mik tilf; fha; miuQhz;
gzak;
Nghspf; fhfg; Gj;jfk; gzak;
rPilf; fhfr; rpNyl;L gzak;
KWf;Ff; fhf Nkhjpuk; gzak;
fhg;gpf; fhff; fLf;fd; gzak;
$j; Jf; fhff; FilAk; gzak;
758. Ks; S KidapNy %Z Fsk;
ntl;bNdd; - vdj; njhlq;Fk;
eifr;Rit czHT kpf;f ghly;
vjpy; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ?
ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghly;
759. eifr; RitAzHT ,y; yhjtUf; Fg;
gfYk; _____ Njhd;Wk;
,Usha;
ahg; G mzp
760. jkp o; ,yf; fzk; vj; jid
tifg; gLk;
Itifg; gLk;
761. Ie; J tifahd jkpo; ,yf; fzj; ij
vOJf?
vOj; jpyf; fzk; > nrhy; ypyf; fzk; >
nghUs; ,yf; fzk; > ahg; gpyf; fzk; >
mzpap yf;fzk;
762. ahg;G vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
fl; Ljy;
763. vYk; G jir euk; G Kjypatw; why;
cly; fl;lg;gl;L ,Ug;gJ Nghyr;
nra;ASf;F cupa cWg;Gfisr;
nfhz;L ghliy cUthf;Ftij
_____ vd;fpNwhk;.
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125
ahg; G
764. nra; As; cWg; Gfs; vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ?
MW
765. MW tifahd nra; As; cWg; Gfis
vOJf?
vOj; J> mir> rP H> jis> mb>
njhil
766. vOj; J mir rP H jis mb
njhil ,e; j MWk; vjd;
cWg; Gfs; MFk; ?
ahg; G
767. XnuOj;J jdpj;Njh ,ize;Njh
xypj; jhy; mJ _____ vdg; gLk; .
mir
768. mir vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
,uz; L
769. ,U tifahd mirapd; tiffis
tpsf; Ff.
Neuir> epiuair
770. mirfs; gy NrHe;J mike;jhy;
mJ _____ vdg; gLk; .
rP H
771. rPHfs; xd;Wld; xd;W nghUe;j
miktJ _____ vdg; gLk; .
jis
772. ,uz; L my; yJ gy rP Hfs; NrHe; J
miktJ _____ vdg; gLk; .
mb
773. mbfs; ,uz;L Kjypadthfj;
njhlHe; J mLf; fpg; ghLtJ _____
vdg; gLk; .
gh
774. gh - tp d; tiffs; vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ?
ehd; F
775. ehd;F tifahd gh tiffisf;
$Wf?
ntz; gh> Mrpupag; gh> tQ; rpg; gh>
fyp g; gh
776. vjid NtWgLj; jp mwptjw; fhf
ehy; tifg; ghf; fs; mikf; fg;
gl;Ls;sd?
Xireak;
777. Map uj; J Ke; E} w; W Kg; gJ
jp Uf; FwSk; ntz; gh MFk; .
Mdhy; ,uz; lbfs; kl; Lk;
tUtjhy; ,ijf; _____ vd
miog; gH.
Fws; ntz; gh
778. Fws; ntz; ghtpw; F v.fh jUf?
Nfby; tpOr; nry; tk; fy; tp xUtw; F
khly;y kw;iw ait
779. Fwpg;G
fz; ,ikj; j yhybfs; fhrpdpapy;
Njha;jyhy;
tz; z kyHkhiy thLjyhy;
vz; zp eWe; jh kiu tpUk; Gk;
ed; DjNy md; dhs; mwpe; jhs;
esd; jd; id Mq; F.
-,g;ghly; Neupir ntz; gh MFk;
ehlh nfhd;Nwh fhlh nfhd;Nwh
mtyh nfhd; Nwh kpirah nfhd; Nwh
vt;top ey;ytH MltH
mt;top ey;iy thopa epyNd
- ,g;ghly; fypg; gh MFk; .
tisahL kyHr;Rid ePupdpil
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126
tisahbif kq; ifa ud; d nkd
tpisahLt NuhLtH $LtHgpd;
tpisahLtH igq; fpsp NkTwNt!
- ,g;ghly; tQ; rpg; gh MFk; .
mzpapyf; fzk;
780. mzp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
moF
781. GytHfs>; nghUsoFk; nrhy; yoFk;
Njhd;wf; ftpijfis ,aw;wpf;
fw; Nghiu kdq; Fspur; nra; Ak;
,yf; fzj; ij _____ vd;gH.
mzp ap yf; fzk;
782. mzp ap yf; fzk; Fwp j; j jkp o;
E}y;fs; ahJ?
jz; bayq; fhuk; khwdyq; fhuk;
783. ctik ctNkak; ,uz; Lk;
jdp j; jdp ahf vLj; Jf; fhl; b
,ilapy; ctk cUG kiwAkhW
mikf;fg;gl;bUe;jhy; mJ _____
mzp MFk; .
vLj;Jf;fhl;L ctik mzp
784. ctkhdk; NtW ctNkak; NtW
vdj; Njhd; whj tifapy; ctkhdj;
jpd; ,ay;Gfis ctNkaj;jpd;
Nky; Vw; wp f; $WtJ _____
mzpahFk;.
cUtf mzp
785. kjpKfk; - cUtfkhf khWk; NghJ
_____ vdtUk;.
Kfkjp
9 Mk; tFg; G
,ay; - xd; W
nra;As; - tho;j;J
1) cyfk; ahitAk; jhKs thf; fYk;
- vd; w tho; j; Jg; ghliyg; ghbath;
ahh; ?
fk; gh;
2) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. csthf;fy; - cz;lhf;Fjy;>
(gilj; jy; )
2. epiyngWj; jy; - fhj;jy;
3. eP f; fy; - mopj; jy;
4. ePq;fyh - ,iltplhJ
5. myfpyh - mstw; w
6. md; dth; - mj; jifa ,iwth;
7. jiyth; - ,iwth;
8. ruz; - milf; fyk;
3) ,yf; fzf; Fwpg; G:-
1 ahitAk; - ck; - Kw; Wk; ik:
Mf; fy; > eP f; fy; >
2. tpisahl; L - njhopw; ngah; fs;
3. myfpyh tpisahl; L - <Wnfl; l
vjph; kiwg; nganur; rk;
4) gFgj cWg; gpyf; fzk; :-
cilah - cil + a; + Mh;
cil - gFjp
a; - re;jp
Mh; - gyh; ghy; tpidKw; W tpFjp
ehfg;gl;bdk; khtl;lk; kapyhL
Jiwf; F mUfpYs; s NjuOe; J}hpy;
fk; gh; gpwe; jhh; . ,th; fk; guhkhazk; >
Vu; vOgJ> rpiy vOgJ> ruRtjp
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127
me; jhjp > rlNfhgh; me; jhjp >
jpUf; if tof; fk; Mfpa E}y; fis
,aw; wpAs; shh; . ,th; FNyhj; Jq; fr;
Nrhodpd; mitg; Gytuhf tpsq; fpdhh; .
jpUntz; nza; ey; Y}h; r; rilag; g
ts; syhy; Mjhpf; fg; ngw; whh; . ,th;
ftpr; rf; futh; j; jp vdTk; fy; tpapy;
nghpah; fk; gh; vdTk; Nghw; wg;
gLfp whh; . ,thp d; fhyk; fp .gp
gd; dpuz; lhk; E}w; whz; L vdf;
$Wth; .
6) E}w;Fwpg;G:-
tlnkhopapy; thd; kP fp Kdpth;
vOjpa ,uhkhazj;ijr; jOtpj;
jkp op y; fk; gh ; vOjp aNj
fk; guhkhazk; . fk; gh; > ,e; E}Yf; F
,uhkhtjhuk; vd;Nw ngahpl;lhh;.
,J ghyfhz; lk; > mNahj; jpah
fhz; lk; > Muzpafhz; lk; > fplfpe; jh
fhz; lk; > Re; ju fhz; lk; > Aj; jfhz; lk;
vd MW fhz; lq; fis cilaJ.
fk; guhkhazg; ghyfhz; lj; jpYs; s
Kjw; ghly; tho; j; Jg; ghlyhf ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ.
7) nghUj;Jf:-
1. csthf; fy; - gilj; jy;
2. epiyngWj; jy; - fhj; jy;
3. eP f; fy; - mopj; jy;
4. jiyth; - ,iwth;
8) epug;Gf:-
1. fy;tpapw; nghpah; _____ vd
miof; fg; ngWgth; .
fk; gh;
2. fk; guhkhazk; ______ fhz; lq; fis
cilaJ.
MW
3. fk; gh; gp we; j Cu; ______
NjuOe; J}h;
jp Uf; Fws;
nghiwAilik
9) gFgj cWg; gpyf; fzk;
1. mfo;thh; = mfo; + t; + Mh;
mfo; - gFjp
t; - vjph; fhy ,ilepiy
2. kwj; jy; = kw + j; + jy;
kw - gFjp
j; - re; jp
jy; - njhopw; ngah; tpFjp
3. itg;gh; = it + g; + g; + mh;
it - gFjp
g; - re;jp
g; - vjph; fhy ,ilepiy
mh; - gyh; ghy; tpidKw; W tpFjp
4. xWj; jhh; = xW + j; + j; + Mh;
xW - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - ,we; jfhy ,ilepiy
5. ,we; jhh; = ,w + j; (e; ) + j; + Mh;
,w - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - e; MdJ tpfhuk;
j; - ,we; j fhy ,ilepiy
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128
10) nrhw;nghUs; :-
1. mfo; thiu - Njhz; Lgtiu
2. ,fo;thh; - ,opTgLj;JNthh;
3. jiy - rpwe; j gz; G
4. nghWj; jy; - nghWj; Jf; nfhs; Sjy;
5. ,wg; gp id - gp wh; nra; j
Jd; gj; ij
6. ,d; ik - tWik
7. tpUe;J - tPl;Lf;Fg; Gjpatuha;
te;jth;
8. xuhy; - jtph;j;jy;
9. klthh; - mwptpypfs;
10 epiw - rhy;G
11. xWj; jhiu - jz; bj; jtiu
12. xd;whf - xU nghUl;lhf
13. nghjpe; J itg; gh; - (kdj; Js; )
itj; Jf; nfhs; th;
14. nghd; Wk; JizAk; - cyfk;
cs;stiu
15. jpwdy; y - nra;aj;jfhj
16. Nehnehe; J - Jd; gj; jpw; F
tUe; jp
17. kpFjpahd; - kdr;nrUf;fhy;
18. kpf; fit - jP ik
19. jFjpahd; - nghWikahy;
20 Jwe;jhh; - gw; wpid tpl; lth;
21. ,we;jhh; - tuk;G fle;jth;
22. ,d;dh - jPa
23. Nehw;fpw;gth; - nghWg;gth;
24. Nehw; ghh; - Nehd; G Nkw; nfhs; gth;
25. ,d;dhr; nrhy; - jPa nrhy;
1. cz;zhJ - tpidnar;rk;
2. nghWj; jy; - njhopw; ngah;
3. mfo;thh;> ,fo;thh; - tpidah
yizAk; ngah;
4. kwj; jy; > nghWj; jy; - njhopw;
ngah;fs;
5. ed;W - Fwpg; G tpidKw; W
6. tpUe;J - gz;ghF ngah;
7. xuhy; > nghiw - njhopw; ngah; fs;
8. eP q; fhik - vjph; kiwj; njhopw;
ngah;
9. Nghw;wp - tpidnar;rk;
10. nghjpe;J tpidnar;rk;
11. xWj; jhh; > nghWj; jhh; tpidah
yizAk; ngah; fs;
12. jw; gpwh; - Vohk; Ntw; Wikj;
njhif
13. nra; apDk; - ,opTr; rpwg; Gk; ik
14. nehe;J - tpidnar;rk;
15. mwd;> jpwd; - <w;Wg; Nghypfs;
16. nra; jhiu - tpidahyizAk;
ngah;
17. tply; - my; <w;W tpaq;Nfhs;
tpidKw; W
18. ,we; jhh; > Jwe; jhh; > Nehw; fpw; gth;
- tpidahyizAk; ngah; fs;
19. ,d; dhr; nrhy; - <Wnfl; l
jpUts; Sth; > jpUf; Fwspy; midj; J
ehl;bdUk; ,dj;jpdUk; jkf;Nf
chpanjdf; nfhz; lhLk; tifapy;
ngh Jikf; fUj; Jfisg;
gilj; jth; .
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ehadhh; > Njth; > Kjw; ghtyh; >
nja; tg; Gyth; > ehd; Kfdhh; >
khjhD gq;fp> nre;ehg; Nghjhh;>
ngUehtyh; vd; Dk; rp wg; Gg;
ngah; fSk; ,tUf; F cz; L.
,thpd; fhyk; fp.K. 31 Mk; Mz; L
vd mwpQh; $Wth; .
13) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
jpU + Fws; = jpUf;Fws;. jpU
nry; tk; > rpwg; G> moF> Nkd; ik>
nja; tj; jd; ik vdg; gy nghUs;
nfhz;l xU nrhy;.
Fws; - FWfpa mb cilaJ.
VO rP h; fisf; nfhz; l <ub
ntz; ghf; fshy; MdJ jpUf; Fws; .
,e;E}y; mwj;Jg;ghy;> nghUl;ghy;>
,d; gj; Jg; ghy; vd Kg; ngUk;
gp hp Tfshf tFf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ.
mwk; 38 mjp fhuq; fshfTk; >
nghUs; 70 mjpfhuq; fshfTk; >
,d; gk; 25 mjp fhuq; fshfTk;
gFf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ. ,J> gjpndz;
fP o; f; fzf; F E}y; fSs; xd; W.
,e; E}iyg; Nghw; wp g; ghuhl; ba
ghly;fspd; njhFg;G jpUts;St
khiy.
jp Uf; FwSf; F me; ehsp NyNa
gjp d; kh; ciu vOjp As; sdh; .
mt; TiuAs; > ghpNkyofh; ciuNa
rpwe; jJ vd; gh; .
14) tpf; Nlhhpah kfhuhzpahh; fz;
tpopj; jJk; Kjypy; gbj; j E}y;
jpUf; Fws;
15) jpUf; FwSf; F ciunra; j gjpd; kh; :
1. jUkh; > 2. jhkj; jh; > 3. ghpjp>
4. jpUkiyah; > 5. ghpg; ngUkhs; >
6. kzf; Flth; > 7. er; rh; > 8.
ghp Nkyofh; > 9. ky; yh; > 10.
fhsp q; fh; .
16) nghUe;Jf:-
1. mwk; - Kg; gj; njl; L
2. nghUs; - vOgJ
3. ,d;gk; - ,Ugj;ije;J
17) vJifr; nrhw;fis vLj;njOjp
mbf; NfhbLf:-
1. kpFjpahd; kpf; fit nra; jhiuj;
jhk; jk;
jFjpahd; ntd;W tply;.
vJif: kpFjp> jFjp
2. mfo; thiuj; jhq; Fk; epyk; Nghyj;
jk; ik
,fo; thh; g; nghWj; jy; jiy.
vJif: mfo;> ,fo;
18) nghUs; NtWghL mwpf:
1. nghWj; jy; / nghUj;jy;
nghWikaha; ,Uj;jy;> nghUe;jr;
nra;jy;
2. ,wj; jy; / ,uj; jy;
caph; tpLjy;> ahrpj;jy;
3. epiw / epiu
rhy;G> thpir
4. tz; ik / td; ik
ts; sy; jd; ik> typik
19) ,UnghUs; jUf:-
1. epiw _____> _____>
rhy; G> vil
2. jiy _____> _____>
rpuk>; Kjd; ik
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jpuhtpl nkhopfs;
(ciueil)
20) jk; vz; zq; fisAk; fUj; Jfis
Ak; gpwUf; F mwptpf; Fk; fUtpahf
tpsq; FtJ vJ?
nkhop
21) jdf;nfd jdpr;rpwg;Gk; gynkhop
fs; Njhd; wp tsu mbg; gilahfTk;
cs; s nkhop ve; j nkhop?
%ynkhop
22) ,e; jpa nkhopf; FLk; gq; fs; :-
,e;jpahtpy; Ngrg;gLk; nkhopfs;>
nkhop ap ay; mwp Qh; vj; jid
nkhopf; FLk; gq; fSs; mlf; Fth; ?
mit ahit?
ehd; F nkhopf; FLk; gq; fs;
1. ,e;Njh - Mrpa nkhopfs;
2. jpuhtpl nkhopfs;
3. M];jpNuh - Mrpa nkhopfs;
4. rPd - jpngj; jpa nkhopfs;
23) ek; ehl;by; vj;jid nkhopfs;
Ngrg;gLfpd;wd?
Mapuj; J Ke; E}w; f; Fk; Nkw; gl; l
nkh op fSk; mjd; fp is
nkhop fSk; .
24) ,e; jp a ehl; il> _____ vdf;
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;?
nkhopfspd; fhl; rpr; rhiy
(Museum of Languages)
25) nkhopapay; Nguhrphpah; ahh;?
r.mfj; jpaypq; fk;
26) jp uhtp l nkhop fs; vj; jid
cs;sd?
,d; W ,Ugj; J %d; Wf; Fk;
Nkw; gl; l
27) nkhopfs; vj; jid tifahfg;
gphpg;gh;?
njd; jpuhtpl nkhopfs;> eLj;
jpuhtpl nkhopfs; > tl jpuhtpl
nkhopfs; %tifahfg; gphpg; gh; .
,e;jpahtpy; nkhj;jk; gd;dpuz;L
nkhop f; FLk; gq; fs; cs; sd.
mtw; Ws; > Ke; E}w; W ,Ugj; ije; J
nkhopfs; Ngrg;gLtjhf ,e;jpa
khdp ltp ay; fzf; nfLg; Gj;
njhptpf; fpd; wJ.
28) njd; jpuhtpl nkhopfs;
jkpo; > kiyahsk; > fd; dlk; > FlF>
JS> Njhlh> Nfhj;jh> nfhufh>
,Ush.
eLj; jpuhtpl nkhopfs;
njYq;F> Nfhz;b> Nfhah> $ap>
$tp > Nfhyhkp > gh; [p > fjgh>
Nfhz;lh>ehaf;fp> ngq;Nfh> [jG.
tljpuhtpl nkhopfs;
F&f;> khy;Njh>gpuhFa;.
29) jkp o; > njYq; F> kiyahsk; >
fd;dlk; Mfpa ehd;Fk; _____
nkhopfs; .
jpuhtplg; ngUnkhopfs;
30) cyfehLfsp d; gioikahd
ehfhpfq;fs; vJ?
,e; jpa ehfhpfk;
31) ,e;jpa ehfhpfk; vd;gJ _____
gpwF epWtg; gl; Ls; sJ?
nkh fQ; rjh Nu h mu g; gh
mfo; tha; f; Fg;
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32) _____ Mz; LfSf; F Kd; dNu
gue; J tphpe; jpUe; j ,e; jpa ehfhpfk;
cyf ehfhpfq; fs; midj; jpw; Fk;
jhahfTk; top fhl; bahfTk;
tpsq; fpapUf; fpwJ.
fp.K. 3000 Mz;Lfs;
33) ,e; jpah KOtJk; gue; J tphpe; jpUe; j
gok; ngUk; ehfhpfj; ij mwpQh;
vt;thW fUJfpd;wdh;?
jpuhtpl ehfhpfk;
34) jp uhtp lh; Ngrp a nkhop vd; d
nkhopahFk;?
jp uhtp l nkhop ahFk;
35) jpuhtplk; vd;Dk; nrhy; _____
vd; Dk; nghUisj; jUtJ.
jpuhtpl ehL
36) jp uhtp lk; vd; Dk; nrhy; iyf;
fhy; Lnty; _____ vd; Dk; E}ypy;
Fwpg;gpl;L cs;shh;.
jpuhtpl nkhopfspd; xg; gpyf; fzk;
37) jp uhtp lk; vd; Dk; nrhy; iy
cUthf;fpath; ahh;?
Fkhhp ygl; lh;
38) jpuhtpl nkhopia gad;ghl;bw;Ff;
nfhz;L te;jth; ahh;?
fhy; Lnty;
39) nkhopapay; mwpQh; > njhlf; ff;
fhyj; jp y; jkp ioAk; mjd;
fp isnkhop fshd kiyahsk; >
njYq; F> fd; dlk; Mfp a
njd; dpe; jpa nkhopfisAk; _____
my; yJ _____ vd; W toq; fpdh; .
jkpspad; my;yJ jKypf;
40) jpuhtpl vd;Dk; nrhy;Ny _____
vd; Dk; nrhy; ypUe; J cUthdjhFk; .
jkpo;
41) jkpo; > jpukps > jputpl > jpuhtpl
cUthapw; W vd ve; j nkhopapay;
mwpQh; $wpfpwhh;?
<uh]; ghjp hp ahh; .
42) njhd; ikr; rpwg; Gk; jiyikr;
rpwg;Gk; jkpio ,d;W vt;thW
cah;e;J epw;fr; nra;Js;sJ?
cah; jdpr; nrk; nkhop
43) jkpo; nkhopapYs; s kpfg; gioik
ahd E}y; vJ?
njhy; fhg; gp ak; .
44) njhy; fhg; gp ak; ve; j E}yhfj;
jpfo; fpd; wJ?
,yf; fz E}yhf
45) _____ tp Of; fhL mstp w; Fj;
jp u h tp l nkh op f; $Wfisf;
nfhz;Ls;s xNu jpuhtpl nkhop>
jkpo; .
vz; gJ tpOf; fhL
46) nrt; tpay; nkhopahf xsph; tJ
vJ?
ekJ jha; nkhopahk; jkpNo
47) epug;Gf:
1. nkhopfs; gy Njhd;wp tsu
mbg;gilahd nkhopia _____
vd;gh;.
%ynkhop
2. ,e; jpahit nkhopfspd; fhl; rpr;
rhiy vdf; Fwpg;gpl;lth; _____
mfj; jpaypq; fk;
3. xU %y nkhopapypUe; J Njhd; wp
tsUk; nkhopia _____ vd;gh;.
fp isnkhop
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vOj; J (,yf; fzk; )
48) nkhopiag; gpioapd;wpg; NgrTk;
Nfl; fTk; > fw; fTk; vOjTk; Jiz
nra; tJ vJ?
,yf; fzk;
49) ,yf; fzk; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
jkpopyf;fzk;> vOj;jpyf;fzk;>
nrhy; ypyf; fzk; > nghUspyf; fzk; >
ahg;gpyf;fzk;> mzpapyf;fzk;
vd Itifg; gLk; .
50) vOj; Jfspd; tif:-
vOj; J KjnyOj; J> rhh; ngOj; J
vd ,Utifg; gLk; .
51) KjnyOj; Jfs; vd; why; vd; d?
m Kjy; xs tiu cap u;
vOj; Jfs; gd; dpuz; Lk; . f; Kjy;
d; tiu cs; s nka; naOj; Jfs;
gjp ndl; Lk; Mfp a Kg; gJ
vOj; JfSk; Kjy; vOj; JfshFk; .
52) rhh;ngOj;Jfs; vd;why; vd;d?
Kjy; vOj; Jfisr; rhh; e; J
,aq; Fk; vOj; Jfs; rhh; ngOj; Jfs;
vdg; gLk; .
53) rhh; ngOj; Jfs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
caph; nka; > Ma; jk; > capusngil>
xw; wsngil> Fw; wpaypfuk; > Fw;wp
aYfu k; > Ifh u f; FWf; fk; >
xsfhuf; FWf; fk; > kfuf; FWf; fk; >
Ma; jf; FWf; fk; vdg; gj; J
tifg; gLk; .
msngil
54) msngil vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Aspy; Xir FiwAk; NghJ
xU nrhy; yp d; Kjyp Yk;
,ilapYk; ,WjpapYk; epw;Fk;
nel; nlOj; Jfs; jkf; Fhpa ,uz; L
khj; jpiuapypUe; J eP z; L xypf; Fk; .
55) msngil vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
,uz; L tifg; gLk; .
mit:-
1. capusngil> 2. xw; wsngil
56) capusngil vd;why; vd;d?
nra; Aspy; Xir FiwAk; NghJ
me; j Xiria epiwT nra; a
cap h; neby; vOj; Jfs; VOk;
msngLf; Fk; . ,/J capusngil
vdg;gLk;.
57) capusngil vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
%d; W tifg; gLk;
mit 1. nra; Aspir msngil>
2. ,d; dpir msngil>
3. nrhy; ypir msngil.
58) nra;Aspir msngil vd;why;
vd;d?
nra; Aspy; ,iria epiwf; ftUk;
msngiliar; nra; Asp ir
msngil vd;gh;.
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59) ,d; dpir msngil vd; why; vd; d?
Xir Fiwahtpl; lhYk; ,dpa
Xirf; fh f msngLj; jiy
,d; dpir msngil vd; gh; .
60) nrhy; ypir msngil vd; why;
vd;d?
xU nrhy; kw; nwhU nrhy; yhfg;
nghUs; gltUk; msngil
nrhy; ypir msngil vd; gh; .
61) xw; wsngil vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Asp y; Xir Fiwe; jhy;
nka; naOj; JfSk; msngLf; Fk;
. ,/J xw; wsngil vdg; gLk; .
62) Fwp g; G
1. nra; Aspir msngil ( ,irepiw
msngil) nra;Aspd; Xiria
epiwT nra; a <uir nfhz; l
rP h; fshf kl; Lk; tUk; . (v.fh) coh
mh;> glh mh;>
2. ,d; dp ir msngil - ,dp a
,irf; fhf %tir nfhz; l rP u; fshf
kl; Lk; tUk; . (v.fh) nfLg; gJ}ck; >
vLg; gJ}ck; .
3. nrhy;ypir msngil ngah;r;
nrhy; msngLj;J> tpidnar;rg;
nghUspy; tUk; . , vd; Dk; vOj; jpy;
KbT ngw; wpUf; Fk; . (v.fh)
eir ,> epwP ,.
4. xw; wsngil ty; ypdj; J f; > r; >
l; > j; > g; > w; > vd; Dk; MWk; >
,ilap dj; jp y; h; > o; vd; Dk;
,u z; Lk; Mf ,e; j vl; L
nka; naOj; Jfs; jtp ug; gp w
nka; naOj; Jfs; msngLf; Fk; .
63) vOj; Jtif _____ khj; jpiu
1. caph; f; Fwpy; > caph; nka; f; Fwpy;
- xd;W
2. capu;neby;>caph; nka; neby;
- ,uz;L
3. nka; > Ma; jk; - miu
4. capusngil - %d;W
5. xw; wsngil - xd; W
64) chpa tpiliaj; Njh;e;njOJf:
1. cwh mh; f; FWNeha; ciug; gha;
- ,j;njhlhpy; _____ te;Js;sJ.
nra; Asp ir
2. cLg; gJ}ck; Ja; g; gJ}ck;
,y; yhh; f; F - ,f; Fwl; ghj; njhlhpy;
_____ msngil te;Js;sJ.
,d; dp ir
3. nrhy; yp ir msngiliaj;
njhpT nra; f:
tudir, ,d; Dk; cs; Nsd; .
65) nghUj;Jf:
m. xw; wsngil muq; q; fk;
M. nra; Asp ir msngil
cohmh;
,. ,d; dp ir msngil
cLg;gJ}ck;
<. nrhy; yp ir msngil
FbjoP ,
66) epug;Gf
1. msngil vd; Dk; nrhy; Yf; F
_____ vd;gJ nghUs;
msG - khj; jpiu
vil - vLj; jy;
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vOj; Jfspd; gpwg; G
67) vOj; Jfsp d; gp wg; G vj; jid
tifg; gLk; ? mit ahit?
vOj; Jfspd; gpwg; G ,Utifg; gLk; .
1. ,lg; gpwg; G
2. Kaw; rpg; gpwg; G
68) ,lg; gpwg; G vd; why; vd; d?
vOj; Jfs; Njhd; Wfpd; w khh; G
Kjyh dtw; iw ,lg; gp wg; G
vd; gH.
69) Kaw; rpg; gpwg; G vd; why; vd; d?
cjL Kjyhd cWg; Gfsp d;
njhopy; NtWghl; bdhy; xypg;
gjid Kaw; rpg; gpwg; G vd; gH.
70) nka; naOj; Jfis xypf; Fk; NghJ
NtWgl;l %d;W xypfs; ahit?
1. ty;ypd xyp
2. nky;ypd xyp
3. ,ilapd xyp
71) KjnyOj;Jfspd; ,lg;gpwg;G
m) ,ilapd vOj; Jfs; MWk;
fOj; jpypUe; J gpwf; fpd; wd.
M) nky; ypd vOj; Jfs; MWk;
%f; fpypUe; J gpwf; fpd; wd.
,) ty; ypd vOj; Jfs; MWk;
khh; gpypUe; J gpwf; fpd; wd.
72) Mtp ,ilik ,lkplW MFk;
NkTk; nkd; ik %f; F
cuk; ngWk; td; ik
- ed;D}y;> 75
Mtp - capnuOj;J
,ilik - ,ilapdk;
kplW - fOj;J
nkd; ik - nky; ypdk;
cuk; - khh;G
73) ,uz; L cjLfs; nghUe; Jtjdhy;
gpwf; Fk; vOj; Jfs; .
g; > k;
74) jkpo; vz; ZUf; fis mwpNthk;
1. f
2. c
75) jkpo; r; nrhy; ywpNthk; :-
1. Rtpl;r; - nghj;jhd;
2. I];thl;lh; - Fsph; ePh;
3. $y;l;hpq;]; - Fsph;ghdk;
4. fpiuz; lh; - kpd; miuit
5. gphp[; - Fsph;rhjdg; ngl;b
6. B - NjePh;
7. th\p q; nk\p d; - ryit
,ae; jpuk;
8. nlypNghd; - njhiyNgrp
76) jkpo; g; gonkhopia mwpf
1. Bend the tree while it is young
Ie; jp y; tisahjJ> Ik; gjp y;
tisAkh?
2. As is the mother, so is her daughter
jhiag;Nghyg; gps;is> E}iyg;
Nghy Nriy
3. A friend in need is a friend indeed
caph;fhg;ghd; Njhod;
4. A man of courage never wants weapons
ty; ytDf; Fg; Gy; Yk; MAjk; .
5. Blood is thicker than water
jhd; Mlhtpl; lhYk; jd; jir MLk; .
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,ay; ,uz; L
nra;As; - rpWgQ;r%yk;
77) fz; tdg; Gf; fz; Nzhl; lk; >
fhy;tdg;Gr; nry;yhik vd; w
rp WgQ; r%yk; vd; w ghliyg;
ghbath; ahh;?
fhhp ahrhd;
78) nrhw; nghUs; -
1. fz; Nzhl; lk; - ,uf; fk; nfhs; Sjy;
2. vz; tdg; G - Muha; r; rpf; F moF
3. tdg;G - moF
4. fpsh;Nte;jd; - GfOf;F chpa
murd;
5. thl;lhd; - tUj;jkhl;lhd;
1. fz; Nzhl; lk; > nry; yhik>
ciuj; jy; > vd; wy; - njhopw; ngah; fs;
2. Nfl;lhh;> thl;lhd; - tpidah
yizAk; ngah; fs;
80) gFgj cWg; gpyf; fzk; -
1. Nfl; lhh; - Nfs; (l; ) + l; + Mh;
Nfs; - gFjp
s; - l; MdJ tpfhuk;
l; - ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy
mzp - nrhw;nghUs; gpd;tUepiy
mzp
fhhpahrhd;> kJiuj; jkpohrphpah;
khf; fhadhhp d; khzth; vdr;
rpwg; Gg; ghapuk; $WfpwJ. ,th; >
rkz rkaj; ijr; rhh; e; jth; . ,tUk;
fzp Nkjhtp ahUk; xU rhiy
khdhf;fuhth;.ngUk;ghd;ik nghJ
mwf; fUj; JfSk; rpWghd; ik rkz
mwf;fUj;JfSk; ,e;E}ypy; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sd.
82) E}w; Fwpg; G :-
rpWgQ; r%yk; gjpndz; fP o; f; fzf; F
E}y;fSs; xd;W. ,jd; Mrphpah;
fhhpahrhd; . ,e; E}ypy; > flTs;
tho; j; Jld; njhz; Z}w; NwO ntz;
ghf;fs; cs;sd. fz;lq; fj;jphp>
rpWtOJiz> rpWky; yp> ngUky; yp>
neUQ;rp Mfpa Ie;J %ypifapd;
Nth; fSk; cly; Nehiaj; jP h; g; gd.
mJNghy> ,e; E}ypd; xt; nthU
ghlyp Yk; $wg; gl; Ls; s Ie; J
fUj;JfSk; kf;fs; kdNehiag;
Nghf; Ftd. Mifahy; ,e; E}y;
rpWgQ; r%yk; vdg; ngah; ngw; wJ.
epug;Gf:
1. gz; Zf; F moF _____
ed;nwd;wy; Nfl;Nlhh;.
2. gpwhplk; ,ue; J nry; yhik _____
moF.
fhYf; F
ghQ; rhyprgjk; - ghujpahh;
83) ,e;jpu khefiu Mz;L te;jth;
ahh; ?
ghz; lth;
84) nrhw;nghUs; -
1. vk; gp vd; jk; gp
2. klg;gpb ghQ;rhyp
3. fspf;f kfpo
4. Nfhkhd; murd; ( jpUjuhl; bud; )
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136
5. Ee; ij Ek; je; ij
6. mltp fhL
7. jle;Njhs; typaNjhs;
8. kzpefh; mofpa efuk;
9. kUq; F gf; fk;
10. NfhyKW moF kpf; f
11. nrwpe;J mlh;e;J
12. fh fhL
13. FyT tpsq; Fk;
14. Qhyk; cyfk;
15. gz;zth; Njth;
16. muk; igah; Njt kfsph;
17. Qhdk; mwpT
18. Gd; ik ,ope; j jd; ik
19. tP W typik
20. rJuq;fr; Nrid ehy; tifg;
gilfs;
21. kJunkhop ,dpa nkhop
22. Fryq; fs; Ngrp eyd; Nfl; ly;
85) ,yf; fzf; Fwpg; G:
1. khefh; chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
2. rhh;e;jth; tpidahyizAk;
ngah;
3. Ee; ij Ek; je; ij vd; gjd;
k& c
4. mltp kiyahW ck; ikj;
njhif
5. fle;J tpidnar;rk;
6. jle;Njhs; chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
7. ghyilAk; eWnea;Ak; NjDk;
vz; Zk; ik
8. ePyKb> ed;nra;> Gd;nra;
gz; Gj; njhiffs;
9. gha;e;J> nrwpe;J tpidnar;
rq; fs;
10. Qhynkyhk; > kf; fnsyhk;
vy; yhk; vd; gjd; njhFj; jy;
tpfhuk; .
11. fhj; jy; njhopw; ngah;
12. njhy; YyF gz; Gj; njhif
13. jhsKk; NksKk; vz; Zk; ik
14. gjkyh; cUtfk;
1. fle;J fl+ j;(e;)+ j; + c
fl gFjp
j; re;jp
j; e; MdJ tpfhuk;
j; ,we; jfhy ,ilepiy
c tpidnar; r tpFjp
2. nry;thd; nry; + t; + Md;
nry; gFjp
t; vjph; fhy ,ilepiy
Md; Mz; ghy; tpidKw; W tpFjp
Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahh; jw;Nghija
J}j;Jf;Fb khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s
vl; laGuj; jpy; 11-12-1882 md; W
gp we; jhh; . ,th; jk; ngw; Nwhh;
rpd;drhkp ,yf; Fkp mk; ikahh;
Mth; . ,thp d; Jiztp ahh;
nry; yk; khs; . rpwe; j gilg; ghsuhd
ghujpahh; Fapy; ghl;L> fz;zd;
ghl;L> ghQ;rhyp rgjk; Kjypa
E}y; fisg; gilj; jspj; jhh; . ehL>
nkhop> ,iw> ngz; ik Kjypa
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137
ghLnghUs;fspy; vz;zw;w ghly;
,aw; wpdhh; . Qhdujk; > re; jphpifapd;
fij> juhR Kjypa ciueil
,yf; fpaq; fisAk; vOjpdhh; . ,th;
11- 09- 1921 md; W es; sp uT
kiwe; jhh; .
88) E}w;Fwpg;G:-
,g; ghlg; gFjp> ghujpahhpd; Kg; ngUk;
gilg;GfSs; xd;whfpa ghQ;rhyp
rgjk; vd; Dk; fhg; gpaj; jpd; #o; r; rpr;
rUf; fj; jpy; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
midtUk; mwp e; j ,jp fhrf;
fijia vspa nrhw; fs; > vspa
eil> vspa re; jk; Mfpatw; Wld;
$ba ngz; Zhpikf; fhg; gpakhfj;
jkpopy; ghujp tbj;Jj; je;jNj
ghQ; rhyprgjk; . tpahrhpd; ghujj; ijj;
jOtp vOjg; ngw;wJ. ghQ;rhyp
rgjk; ,U ghfq; fisf; nfhz; lJ.
,J #o;r;rpr; rUf;fk;> #jhl;lr;
rUf; fk; > mbikr; rUf; fk; >
JfpYhpjy; rUf; fk; > rgjr; rUf; fk;
vd Ie; J rUf; fq; fisAk;
ehD}w; Wg; gd; dp uz; L ghly;
fisAk; nfhz; l FWq; fhg; gpak; .
89) rpwg; G:
ghujpahh; ghl; lf; nfhU Gytd; >
ePLJapy; ePf;fg; ghbte;j epyh>
jw; fhy ,yf; fpaj; jpd; tpbnts; sp>
Njrpaf;ftp> kfhftp vd;nwy;yhk;
Gfog;ngw;whh;.
RNjrkpj;jpud;> ,e;jpah Kjypa
,jo;fspd; Mrphpauhf ,Ue;jhh;.
,e; jpa tpLjiyf; Fg; ghLg; gl; lhh; .
90) epug;Gf-
1. ePL Japy; ePf;fg; ghbte;j epyh
vdg; ghuhl;lg; ngw;wth; ______
Mthh;.
ghujp ahh;
2. JhpNahjdpd; je;ij ______
Mthh;.
jp Ujuhl; bud;
91) nghUj;Jf
1. tdg;G moF
2. gpb ngz; ahid
3. mltp fhL
4. kUq; F gf; fk;
5. tP W typik
6. kJunkhop ,dpa nkhop
,f; fhyf; ftpijfs;
(ciueil)
92) ,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; by; ______>
______ Kk; tpiuthf tsh;e;jd.
mwptpaYk; > ,yf; fpaKk;
93) nra;As;> ciueil vd;Dk; ,U
tbtpYk; ______ kyh;e;Js;sd.
GJtif ,yf; fpaq; fs;
94) ciueilf; fhyk; vd; why; vd; d?
,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; bd; ciueil
tsj; ijf; fUj; jp w; nfhz; L
Nehf; Fk; NghJ ,f; fhyj; ij
ciueilf; fhyk; vdyhk; .
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95) ,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; L njhlf; fj; jpy;
ehL> nkhop> ,dk; > rKjhak; > fiy
vd ve; j ve; jf; ftpQh; gytw; iwg;
ghbdh; ?
ghujpahh;> ghujpjhrd;> ftpkzp
Njrpfk; tpehafdhh;> ehkf;fy;>
,uhkyp q; fdhh; .
96) ghujpapd; ftpijfs; ,Ugjhk;
E}w; whz; by; vjw; F tp j; jhf
mike; jdh; ?
mUk; gpa kWkyh; r; rpf; F
97) kd;dh;fis kl;LNk kfpo;tpj;J
te; j ftpij kuig khw; wp> vspa
kf; fis Nehf; fp f; ftp ijf;
fUtp iaj; jp Ug; gp mikj; j
ngUik ahiur; rhUk;?
ghujpahiur; rhUk;
98) ghujpjhrdpd; ftpijfs; ahit?
jkpo; > jkpoh; > jkpOzh; T> rOjha
kWkyh; r; rp > ngz; tp Ljiy>
jp uhtp l ,af; fr; rp e; jid>
nghJTilik
99) tpLjiy ,af;ff; ftpQh; ahh;?
ehkf; fy; ftpQh;
100) Fwpg; G
ftpijfspy; fhe; jpar; rpe; jidfs;
kp sp h; fp d; wd. ,th; jkp ohp d;
rpwg; igAk; jkpo; nkhopapd; ,dpik
iaAk; Nrh;j;Jg; ghbdhh;?
ehkf; fy; ftpQh;
101) tho; f; if rpwf; f xt; nthUtUk; xU
njhopiyahtJ fw; Wf; nfhs; tJ
ey;yJ vd typAWj;jpath; ahh;?
ehkf; fy; yhh;
102) Gyth; Foe; ij> Kbaurd;
KjypNahh; ftpijfspy; gFj; jwpT
Nehf; Fk; ______ ,yq; ff; fhzyhk; .
Kw; Ngh f; Fr; rp e; jidAk;
jkp Ozh; Tk;
103) ctikf; ftp Qh; vd rp wg; Gg;
ngw;wth; ahh;?
Rujh
104) Rujh ghly; fspy; ,ilapy; fye; J
tUtJ vJ?
tu yh w; Wr; nra; jp fSk; >
,yf; fz tpsf; fq; fSk; .
105) Ru jh ah iu ctikfsh y;
ghuhl;bAs;shh;?
kiwkiyabfshiu
106) gh u jp jh ridj; njh lh ; e; J
,aw; ifapd; moif vopYwg; glk;
gpbj; Jf; fhl; Ltjpy; ahUila
ftpijfs; rpwe; J tpsq; Ffpd; wd?
thzp jhrd;
107) kuGf; ftp ijfs; Gide; J
jkp od; idf; F NkYk; tsKk;
ngUikAk; ahh; Nrh;j;Js;sdh;?
Rj; jhde; j ghujp ahh; > gl; Lf;
Nfhl; ilf; fy; ahzRe; juk; >
ftpQh; fz; zjhrd; > jkpo; xsp
108) kdpjFy tsh; r; rpf; F Vw; wthW
rp e; jid khw; wq; fSk; r%f
khw; wjpd; tpisNt______
GJf; ftpijapd; Njhw; wk;
109) mnkhpf; ff; ftpQh; thy; l; tpl; kdpd;
rhaypy; trd ftpij vOjpath;
ahh; ?
ghujp ahh;
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139
110) ghujpjhrdpd; ciueilfs; midj; Jk;
______ nfhz; lit?
ftp ijeil
111) jkpopy; GjpanjhU tbtk; Njhd; wf;
fhuzkhf ,Ue;jit?
Nkiy ehl; L ,yf; fp aj;
njhlh; Gk; > rKjhar; #o; epiyAk;
112) Gjpa Mq; fpyf; ftpijfisg;
gbj; j jkpouJ rpe; jidapy; ve; jf;
ftpijfs; kyh; e; J kzk; gug; gpd?
GJf; ftp ijfs;
113) kzp f; nfhb vd; Dk; ,jop y;
GJf;ftpij vOjpath; ahh;?
e.gpr; r%h; j; jp> GJikg; gpj; jd; > F.g.
,uhrNfhgh yhd; > f. eh. Rg; gp u
kzpad; .
114) vOj; J vd; Dk; GJf; ftpijfisg;
gilj;jth; ahh;?
v]; .itj; jP ]; tud; > jUK rptuhK>
kzp> rp.R nry; yg; gh KjypNahh;
Mth; .
115) Nfhitapy; thdk; ghbf; FOtpdh;
ve;jf; ftpijiag; gutyhf;fg;
ghLgl;ldh;?
GJf; ftp ij
116) GJf;ftpij ghLtjpy; <Lgl;Lg;
ngU ntw; wp ngw; w ftpQh; fs; ahh; ?
eh.fhkuhrd; > kP uh(kP . ,uhNre; jpud; )>
rp w; gp ghyRg; gp ukzp ad; > thyp >
,d; Fyhg; > K.Nkj; jh> ituKj; J>
mg; Jy; uFkhd; > <NuhL jkpod; gd;
117) Fwpg;G:-
GtpauR> fq; if nfhz; lhd; > rpw; gp>
jkp o; ehld; > mf; fp dp g; Gj; jp ud; >
rf; jpf; fdy; > ,utP e; jpud; > Qhdp> gh.
nrag;gpufhrk;> gpugQ;rd;> ghyh>
Nfh.uh[huhk; vd tsUk; ngUk;
gl;baiyf; nfhz;lJ thdk;ghb
,af;fk;. ,th;fsJ tUiff;Fg;
gpd; dh; GJf; ftpij> rKjhak; Vw; Wf;
nfhs; Sk; Xh; ,yf; fpa tifahfr;
rpwg; Gw; wJ.
118) ep ug; Gf:-
1. fhe;jpaf; ftpQh; vdg; Nghw;wg;
gLgth; ______
ehkf; fy; ftpQh;
2. GJf; ftpij tsh; r; rpapy; ______
gq; F Nghw; wj; jf; fJ.
ty; ypf; fz; zd;
fz; zjhrd;
ftpapd; gk;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
119) ,Ugjhk; E}w; whz; Lj; jkp o; f;
ftp Qh ; fsp d; th p irap y;
jdf; nfd; W jdp Kj; jpiuiag;
gjpj;jth; ahh;?
ftpauR fz; zjhrd;
120) vsp a nrhw; fisf; nfhz; L
cs; sj; ij kfpo; tpf; Fk; ghly; fis
,aw; wpa ngUik ahUf; F cz; L?
fz; zjhrd;
121) tho; f; ifAk; tho; f; ifiag; gw; wpa
rp e; jidfSNk ______ Fhp a
nghUs;fshk;.
ftpijf; Fhpa
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140
122) coth; ngUkf;fspd; ,y;yj;Nj
vOfpd; w gy; NtW xirfs; ______>
xj; J xypf; fpd; wd?
,iaGj; njhilAk; > ,ireaKk;
123) fz; zjhrd; - gilg; GfSk; >
rp wg; GfSk; .
Kj; ijah vd; w ,aw; ngah;
nfhz;l fz;zjhrd;> rptfq;if
khtl;lj;jpYs;s rpW $ly;gl;b
vd; Dk; rpw; W}hpy; 24.06.1927 vd; W
gpwe;jhh;. ngw;Nwhh; rhj;jg;gd; -
tprhyhl; rp Mth; . fz; zjhrd;
ftpijfs; gy njhFjpfshf ntsp
te;Js;sd. mth;jk; jpiug;glg;
ghly; fs; E}y; tbtk; ngw; Ws; sd.
124) Ml; ldj; jp Mjpke; jp> khq; fdp>
fy; yf; Fb khfhtp ak; > ,NaR
fhtpak; Kjypad mth; gilj; j
neLq; ftpij E}y; fs; .
,uhrjz;lid vd;gJ> fk;gh; -
mk; gpfhgjp tuyhw; iw mbg; gil
ahff; nfhz; L> mth; gilj; j
,dpaehlfk; . Mapuk; jP T mq; faw;
fz; zp > Ntyq; Fbj; jp Utp oh
Kjyp a gy Gjp dq; fisAk;
fz; zjhrd; gilj; jp Uf; fp whh; .
mth; vOjpa ,UgJf; Fk; Nkw; gl; l
Gjpdq; fspy; Nrukhd; fhjyp rpwe; j
tuyhw;Wg; GjpdkhFk;. mjw;Fr;
rhfp j; jp a mfhjkp ap d; ghp R
fp ilj; Js; sJ. fz; zjhrd;
njd;wy;> Ky;iy> fz;zjhrd;
jkpo; kyh; Kjypa ,jo; fs; njhlq; fp>
mtw; Wf; F Mrp hp auhf ,Ue; J
rpwe;j ,jo;g;gzp Mw;wpAs;shh;.
ftpijapYk; ciueilapYk; nrhw;
nghoptpYk; jpiug; glj; JiwapYk;
jkf; nfd xU Gjpa topapid
tFj; Jf; nfhz; L jiy epkph; e; J
epd;wth; fz;zjhrd;. mth; jk;
ftpijfshy; vd; nwd; Wk; tho; e; J
nfhz; bUf; fpwhh; .
ehd; epue; jpukhdtd; moptjpy; iy.
ve; j epiyapYk; vdf; F kuzkpy; iy.
- fz; zjhrd;
MFg; ngah;
(,yf; fzk; )
125) MF ngah; vd;why; vd;d?
xU nghUspd; ngah; > jdf; Fhpa
nghUisf; Fwpf; fhky; jd; NdhL
njhlh; Gila NtnwhU nghUSf; Fg;
ngauhfp tUtJ MF ngah;
vdg; gLk; .
126) MFngah; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
MFngah; gjpdhW tifg; gLk;
127) msitf; Fwp f; Fk; ngah; fs;
______ vd; gh; .
msitg; ngah; fs;
128) msitg; ngah; fs; vj; jid
ehd; F tifg; gLk;
mit
1. vz; zy; msit> 2. vLj; jy;
msit> 3. Kfj;jy; msit>
4. ePl;ly; msit.
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129) vz; zy; msit MFngah; f; F
(v.fh) jUf
xd;W ngw;why; xspkak;
130) vLj; jy; msit MFngah; f; F
(v.fh) jUf?
Ie;J fpNyh vd;d tpiy?
131) Kfj;jy; msit MFngah;f;F
(v.fh) jUf?
ehd; F ypl; lh; Njit
132) eP l; ly; msit MFngah; f; F
(v.fh) jUf?
%d;W kPl;lh; nfhL
133) nrhy;yhF ngah; vd;why; vd;d?
ts; Sth; nrhy; tho; f; iff; F
,dpJ. ,j; njhlhpy; ts; Sth;
nrhy; vd; gJ> nrhy; iyf; Fwpf; fhJ
nghUSf; Fg; ngauhfp te; jjhy; .
134) jhdpahFngah; vd;why; vd;d?
ghiy ,wf; F ghypd; ngah;
ghiyf; Fwpf; fhky; ghj; jpuj; ijf;
Fwpf; fpwJ. Xh; ,lj; jpy; cs; s
xU nghUsp d; ngah; (jhdp )
mJ rhh; e; jpUf; Fk; ,lj; jpw; Fg;
ngauhfp tUtJ.
135) fUtpahF ngah; vd;why; vd;d?
aho; Nfl; L kfp o; e; jhs; . ,j;
njhlhpy; aho; vd; Dk; fUtp
,irf;F Mfp te;jjhy;.
136) fhhpathF ngah; vd;why; vd;d?
ehd; rikay; fw;Nwd;. ,q;Fr;
rikay; vd; Dk; fhhpaj; jpd; ngah;
mjd; fhuzj; jpw; Fg; (fUtpf; F)
ngauhfp tUtJ fhhp athF
ngah; .
137) fUj;jhthF ngah; vd;why; vd;d?
jp Uts; Stiug; gbj; Jg; ghh;
,j; njhlhpy; jpUts; Sth; vd; gJ
mtuhy; ,aw; wg; ngw; w E}Yf; F
Mfp te; jjh y; fUj; jh th F
ngauhap w; W.
138) ctikahF ngah; vd; why; vd; d?
xUtiug; ghh; j; J > ehjh; tUfpwhh;
vdy; .
139) chpa tpiliaj; Njh;e;njOJf:-
1. ehYkpuz; Lk; nrhy; Yf; FWjp -
,j;njhlh; ______ MFk; .
vz; zysit MFngah;
2. japiu ,wf;F. - ,j;njhlh;
______ MFngah; MFk;.
jhdp ahF ngah;
3. jhdk; jhdpf;F (nghUSf;F)
Mfp tUtJ ______ MFngah;.
,lthF ngah;
140) nghUj;Jf:-
1. Kfj; jy; msit MFngah; -
,uz;L ypl;lh; jh.
2. ctikahF ngah; - fhis
tUfpwhd;
3. nrhy;yhF ngah; - nghpNahh;
nrhy; Nfs;
4. vLj; jy; msit MFngah; -
gj; Jf; fpuhk; nfhL
141) Nth; r; nrhw; fis tpidKw; whf; Ff.
1. ehd; ehis re;ijf;Fg; ______
(Ngh) tpil: NghNtd;
2. khzth;fs; gs;spapy; fy;tp
______ (fy; ) tpil : fw; fpd; wdH
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3. ahid Nfhgk; nfhz;L ______
(gpspW) tpil: gpspwpw;W
4. Njrpq; Fuhrh ghuhrhhpf; Fjpiuia
______ (mlf; F)
tpil : mlf;fpdhH
5. ,e;jpa mzp New;iwa fhy;
ge;Jg; Nghl;bapy; ntw;wp ______
(ngW) tpil: ngw;wJ
142) milg; Gf; Fwpf; Fs; cs; s nrhw; fisr;
nrhw;nwhlUf;Nfw;g khw;Wf:-
1. mth; ______ (tpiuT) te; Jk;
NgUe;ijg; gpbf;f ,aytpy;iy.
2. khzth;fSf;Fg; ghprspf;FkhW
______ ( jiyth ; ) Nfl; Lf;
nfhs; fpNwd; .
3. Foe; ijfs; ______ (ngw;Nwhh;)
khpahij jUjy; Ntz; Lk; .
4. mLg; G ed; whf______ (vhp) tpwF
fha; e; jpUj; jy; Ntz; Lk; .
5. vjp Yk; ______ (vsp ik)
filg; gpbj; jy; Ntz; Lk; .
tp ilfs; :
1. tpiue; J
2. jiytiuf;
3. ngw; NwhUf; F
4. vupa
5. vspikiaf;
143) nganur; rj; ij tpidKw; whf khw; wp
vOJf:
(v.fh) tdg; G kp f; f Nrhiy.
Nrhiy tdg;G kpf;fJ.
1. Js;sp Xba Gs;spkhd; ______
2. kpfTk; ,dpj; j gok; ______
3. kuq; fs; epiwe; j fhL ______
4. ePjp jtwhj kd;dd; ______
5. New; Wg; nga; j kio ______
144) tp idKw; iwg; nganur; rkhf
khw; Wf
(v.fh) New; W kjpaofd; te; jhd; .
New;W te;j kjpaofd;.
1. vopyd; tiue; jhd; ______
2. mg;gh rpdk; nfhz;lhh; ______
3. vopy; ghk; igf; fz; lhs; ______
4. Fjpiu tpiuthf XbaJ ______
5. Fuq; Ffs; jhtpf; Fjpj; jd ____
tpilfs; : (eP q; fs; Kaw; rp nra; aTk; )
,ay; %d; W
nra;As; - GwehD}W
148) njz; fly; tshfk; nghJik ,d; wp
vd; w GwehD}W ghliyg;
ghbath; ahh;?
kJiuf; fzf; fhadhh; kfdhh;
ef; fPudhh; .
149) nrhw;nghUs; :-
1. epow; wpa - epoy; nra;j
2. eLehs;ahkk; - es;spuT
3. JQ;rhd; - Japyhd;
4. kh - tpyq; F
5. fy;yh - fy;tpawptpy;yhj
6. ehop - msTg;ngah;
7. <jy; - nfhLj; jy;
8. Ja;g;Ngk; - Efh;Nthk;
9. jg;Ge - ,of;f
150) ,yf; fzf; Fwpg; G :-
1. ntz; Fil - gz; Gj; njhif
2. fy;yh xUtw;Fk; - <Wnfl;l
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3. ehop - MFngah;
4. <jy; - njhopw; ngah;
5. Ja; g; Ngk; - jd; ikg; gd; ik
tpidKw; W
1. JQ;rhd; - JQ;R+ (M)+ Md;
JQ;R gFjp
M vjph; kiw ,ilepiy M
kiwe; jJ
Md; - Mz; ghy; tpidKw; W tpFjp
2. <jy; - < + jy;
< - gFjp
3. Ja;g;Ngk; - Ja; + g; + g; +
Vk; > Ja; - gFjp
g; - re;jp
g; - vjph; fhy ,ilepiy
Vk; - jd; ikg; gd; ik tpidKw; W
tpFjp
kJiuf; fzf; fhadhh; kfdhh;
ef; fP udhh; . ,th; ,iwadhh; vOjpa
fstp aYf; F ciu fz; lth; @
gj; Jg; ghl; Ls; jp UKUfhw; Wg;
giliaAk; neLey; thiliaAk;
,aw; wp ath; . ,g; ghlyp y; ,th; >
cyfpay; cz; ikiaf; $wpAs; shh; .
153) E}w; Fwp g; G:-
GwehD}W Gwk; + ehd; F + E}W
Gwg;nghUs; gw;wpa ehD}W ghly;
fisf; nfhz;ljdhy; GwehD}W
vdg; ngah; ngw; wJ. Gwk; vd; gJ
xUthpd; tP uk; > nfhil> fy; tp
Kjypa rpwg; Gfisf; Fwpf; Fk; .
,/J vl; Lj; njhif E}y; fSs;
xd; W. ,e; E}ypYs; s ghly; fs;
gy; NtW Gyth; fshy; ghlg;
ngw; wit. ,g; ghly; fs; thapyhfg;
gz; ilj; jkpo; kd; dh; fspd; Ml; rpr;
rp wg; G> tP uk; > nfhil> fy; tp
Kjypatw; iw mwpayhk; . ,e; E}ypd;
rp y ghly; fis [p . A. Nghg;
Mq; fpyj; jpy; nkhop ngah; j; Js; shh; .
FWe; njhif (NjtFyj; jhh; )
154) ep yj; jp Dk; nghp Nj thdp Dk;
cah;e;jd;W vd; w FWe; njhif
NjtFyj; jhh; .
155) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. ePH - fly;
2. fUq;Nfhy; - fUik epwKila
nfhk;G
3. cah;e;jd;W - cah;e;jJ
4. mstpd; W - mstpidAilaJ
1. epyj; jpDk; > thdpDk; > eP hpDk; -
cah; Tr; rpwg; Gk; ikfs;
2. fUq; Nfhy; > ngUe; Njd; - gz; Gj;
njhiffs;
157) gphpj; jwpjy; :-
1. MusT = mUik + msT
2. fUq;Nfhy; = fUik + Nfhy;
3. ngUe;Njd; = ngUik + Njd;
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158) E}w; Fwpg; G :-
FWik + njhif = FWe; njhif.
Fiwe;j mbasthy; ghlg; ngw;w
ghly; fspd; njhFg; Ng FWe; njhif.
,e; E}y; > vl; Lj; njhif E}y; fSs;
xd;W. ,jpy;> flTs; tho;j;Jld;
ehD}w;nwhU ghly;fs; cs;sd.
mfg;nghUs; gw;wpa ghly;fisg;
gy; NtW fhyq; fspy; tho; e; j Gyth;
fs; ghbAs;shh;fs;. ,g;ghly;fs;
Fiwe; j msthf ehd; fbfisAk;
mjpf msthf vl; L mbfisAk;
nfhz; bUf; fpd; wd. ,e; E}iyj;
njhFj; jth; g+hpf; Nfh. ghujk; ghba
ngUe; Njtdhh; ,e; E}Yf; Ff; flTs;
tho;j;Jg; ghbAs;shh;. ,g;ghlyh
rphpah; Fwpj;j nra;jpfs; fpilf;f
tpy; iy.
,e; E}y; thapyhfg; gz; ilj; jkpohpd;
,y; tho; f; if> xOf; fk; > kfsph;
khz; G> mwTzh; T Kjypatw; iw
mwpayhk;
159) chpa tpiliaj; Njh;T nra;f:-
1. vl; Lj; njhif E}y; ______
FWe; njhif
2. FWe; njhifg; ghly; fsp d;
vz; zpf; if ______
401
3. FWe; njhifg; ghly; fsp d;
mbtiu ______
4- 8
160) Ie; jpiz
1. FwpQ; rp> 2. Ky; iy> 3. kUjk; >
4. nea;jy; 5. ghiy.
jpUtpisahlw; Guhzk;
guQ; Nrhjp Kdpth;
161) jkpo; g; Gyth; fs; ,iwtDf; Fk;
jkp Of; Fk; cs; s gp izg; ig
cWjpg; gLj; jNt ______ Guhzk;
Kjypa Guhzq; fis ,aw; wpajhff;
nfhs;syhk;.
jpUtpisahly; Guhzk;
162) Gyth; jk; Gyikj; jpwj; ij mwpa
,iwtid Ntz; br; ______
ngw;wdh;.
rq; fg; gyifiag;
163) tq;fpa Nrfu ghz;badpd; kfd;
______ kJiuap y; murhl; rp g;
nghWg; ig Vw; wdh; ahh; ?
tq; fpa #lhkzpghz; bad;
164) #lhkzpghz; baDf; Fr; ______
vd; Dk; ngah; toq; fyhapw; W.
rz; gfg; ghz; bad;
165) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. itia ehltd; - ghz;bad;
2. ca;a - gpiof; f
3. ,ue;J nrg;gpdhd; - gzpe;J
Ntz;bdhd;
4. njd; dtd; Fynja; tk; -
nrhf;fehjd;(m) Re;jughz;bad;
5. ,d;dy; - Jd;gk;
6. ey;fpdhh; - mspj;jhh;
7. ,iwQ; rp - gzpe; J
8. msf; fpy; Nfs; tpahh; - mstw; w
Nfs;tpawptpdh;.
9. rpuk; Jsf; fp - jiyarj; J
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10. kP dtd; - kP d; nfhbia cila
ghz;bad;
11. tpGjh; - Gyth;
12. J}q;fpa - njhq;fpa
13. nghw; fpop - nghd; Kbg; G
14) ek; gp - jUkp
15. Gwk; G - ntspapy;
16. igAs; - tUj; jk;
17. gdtd; - me;jzd;
18. fz; lk; - fOj; J
19. tOT ghly; - Fw; wKs; s ghly;
20. Mh; mit - (Gyth; fs; ) epiwe; j
mit
21. fpsj;jpNdd; - nrhd;Ndd;
22. rPuzp - Gfo;tha;e;j
23. Ntzp - nrQ;ril
24. Xuhd; - czuhd;
25. mw; Fw; w - (my; F + cw; w ) -
,Uisnahj; j
26. ehw; wk; - eWkzk;
27.Foy; - $e; jy;
28. my; F - ,uT
29. Vj; Jk; - tzq; Fk;
30. Qhdg; g+q; Nfhij - cikak; ik
31. fw; iwthh; rilahd; -
rptngUkhd;
32. ck; guhh; gjp - Njth; jiytd;
(,e;jpud;)
33. Ejy; tpop - new; wpf; fz;
34. nghw; gq; faj; jlk; -
nghw; whgpkiuf; Fsk;
35. ehtyd; - Gyth;
36. fue; jhd; - kiwe; jhd; .
1. ciuj; J> ,ue; J - tpidnar; rq; fs;
2. nrhy; yp> ,iwQ; rp - tpidnar; rq; fs;
3. tpsf; fp> rpwe; J - tpidnar; rq; fs;
4. kfpo; e; j - njhopw; ngah;
5. J}q; fpa> Ma; e; j - nganur; rq; fs;
6. Neh;e;J - tpidnar;rk;
7. nfhz; L> itj; J - tpidnar; rq; fs;
8. Nehf;fp - tpidnar;rk;
9. fpsj; jpNdd; - jd; ik xUik
tpidKw; W
10. Njuhf; fP ud; - <Wnfl; l vjph; kiwg;
nganur;rk;
11. Gidkyh; - tpidj; njhif
12. gw;Wthd;> mQ;rhd; - tpid
ahyizAk; ngah;fs;
13. Fw; wk; - njhopw; ngah;
14. Nja; e; j> gha; e; j> Ma; e; j>
fha;e;j - nganur;rq;fs;
15. tpOe;J - tpidnar;rk;
16. nre; jP > ntk; ik - gz; Gj;
njhiffs;
1. ,ue;J = ,u + j;(e;)+ j; + c
,u - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - e; MdJ tpfhuk;
j; - ,we; j fhy ,ilepiy
c - tpidnar;r tpFjp
2. ey; fpdhh; - ey; F + ,d; + Mh;
ey; F - gFjp
,d; - ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy
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Mh; - jd; ik xUik tpidKw; W
tpFjp
3. tpsf;fp - tpsf;F + ,
tpsf;F - gFjp
, - tpidnar;r tpFjp
4. J}q; fpdhd; - J}q; F + ,d; + Md;
J}q; F - gFjp
5. gw; Wthd; - gw; W + t; + Md;
gw; W - gFjp
6. Njuhd; - Njh; + M + Md;
Njh; - gFjp
M - vjph; kiw ,ilepiy (kiwe; jJ)
7. Nja; e; j - Nja; + j; (e; ) + j; +
m
Nja; - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - e; MdJ tpfhuk;
m - nganur;r tpFjp
guQ; Nrhjp Kdpth; ehif khtl; lj;
jpYs; s jpUkiwf; fhL (Ntjhuz;
ak; ) vd; Dk; Chp y; gp we; jhh; .
jkpopYk; tlnkhopapYk; Gyik
ngw; wth; . ,thp d; je; ijahh;
kPdhl;rp Re;ju Njrpfh; Mthh;.
guQ; Nrhjp Kdpth; Jwtpahfpr;
rp thyaq; fs; NjhWk; nrd; W
,iwtid topgl; L te; jhh; . mt; thW
kJiu efhpid mile; J kP dhl; rp
mk; kidAk; NrhkRe; juf; flTisAk;
tzq; fpath; . me; efupNyNa rpyfhyk;
jq; fpapUe; jhh; . me; efuj; jhh; mtiuf;
Nfl; Lf; nfhz; ljw; F ,zq; f
jpUtpisahlw; Guhzj; ij ,aw;
wpdhh;. me;E}iyr; rptngUkhd;
jp Uf; Nfhtp yp d; vjp Nu cs; s
mWfhy; gP lj; jpy; ,Ue; J tlnkhop>
njd; nkhopg; Gyth; ahtUk; Nghw; w
muq; Nfw; wpdhh; .
,th; jpUtpisahlw; Nghw;wpf;fyp
ntz; gh> kJiug; gjpw; Wg; gj; je; jhjp
Kjypa E}y; fisAk; ,aw; wpAs; shh; .
169) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
jpUtpisahlw; Guhzk; > kJiuf;
fhz; lk; (gjp ndl; Lg; glyk; )>
$lw; fhz; lk; (Kg; gJ glyk; )>
jpUthytha;f; fhz;lk; ( gjpdhW
glyk; ) vd; Dk; Kg; ngUk; gFjp
fisAk; glyk; vd; Dk; mWgj; J
ehd; F cl; gphpTfisAk; cilaJ.
,jp y; %thap uj; J Ke; E}w; W
mWgj; J %d; W tpUj; jg; ghf; fs;
cs; sd. kJiuap y; ,iwtd;
ep fo; j; jp a mWgj; J ehd; F
jpUtpisahly; fis ,g; glyq; fs;
tpsf; Ffpd; wd.
,e;E}y;> ,iwtdpd; jpUtpisah
ly; fis tpsf; fp vOe; j E}y; fSs;
tphpthdJk; rpwg;ghdJk; MFk;.
njhileak; gj; jpr; Rit kpf; f
,e; E}Yf; F e.K. Ntq; flrhkp
ciunaOjpAs;shh;.
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170) epug;Gf:-
1. jp Utp isahlw; Guhzj; ij
,aw;wpath;
guQ; Nrhjp Kdpth;
2. jp Utp isahlw; Guhzj; jp y;
______ fhz;lq;fs; cs;sd.
1. kJiuf; fhz;lk;> 2. $ly;
fhz; lk; > 3. jpUthytha; f; fhz; lk;
3. ,iwtdplk; ghliyg; ngw; Wr;
nrd;wth; ______
jUkp
4. nghw; fpop ngwr; nrd; w jUkpiaj;
jLj; jth; ______
ef; fPudh;
5. cly; KOtJk; fz; fis
Ailath; ______
rp tngUkhd;
171) nghUj;Jf :-
1. kJiuf; fhz; lk; - gjpndl; Lg;
glyk;
2. $ly; fhz; lk; - Kg; gJ glyk;
3. jpUthytha; f; fhz; lk; - gjpdhW
glyk;
flw; gazk; (ciueil)
172) jkpo; ehl; L thzpf tuyhW kpfTk;
______ tha;e;jJ.
njhd; ik
173) goq;fhye; njhl;Nl jkpoh; ve;j
thzpfj; jpy; rpwg; Gw; wpUe; jdh; .
cs; ehl; L> may; ehl; L
174) cs; ehl; L thzpfj; ij tpl ve; j
ehl; L thzpfk; tUtha; kpFjpahf
cs;sJ?
may; ehl; L thzpfj; jpNyNa
175) vd; Dk; xsit nkhopAk; >
vd;Dk; fzpad; g+q;Fd;wd;
nkhopAk; > jkpoh; fspd; cyfshtpa
rpe;jidf;Fk; gd;dhl;Lj; njhlh;
Gf; Fk; rhd; Wfshk; . jpiufly;
XbAk; jputpak; NjL>
ahJk; CNu ahtUk; Nfsph;
176) goq; fhyj; jp y; jkp oh; gp wehL
fSf; Ff; flw; gazk; Nkw; nfhz; l
nra;jp tof; fk; vdj; njhy;
fhg; gpaj; jpy; Fwpf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ.
Ke;ePh; tof;fk;
177) goe; jkpoh; vijj; jk; flikahff;
fUjpdh; ?
nghUsPl; Ljiy
178) njhy;fhg;gpag; nghUsjpfhuj;jpy;
,lk; ngw; Ws; s ve; j gp hp T
tpsf; FfpwJ.
nghUs; tapw; gphpT
179) gphpT vj; jid tifg; gLk; ? mit
ahit?
fhypy; (jiutopg;gphpjy;) gphpT>
fyj; jpy; ( eP h; topg; gphpjy; ) gphpT
180) gy; yhapuk; Mz; LfSf; F Kd; dNu
jkpoh; fly;top thzpfj;
njhlh;G nfhz;bUe;jdh;.
Nkw; Nf fphPR> cNuhk; > vfpg; J
Kjy; fpof;Nf tiuapYk;.
181) ve; j ehLfs; jkpohpd; nghUs; fis
tpUk;gpg; ngw;wd?
vfpg; J> ghy]; jP dk; > nkrgNlhkpah>
ghgp Nyhdpah> rPdk;.
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182) VyKk; ,ytq; fKk; ,Q; rpAk;
kp sFk; ve; j ehLfsp y; ey; y
tpiyf; F tpw; fg; gl; ld.
Nkw; fhrpa ehLfs;
183) jkpo; ehl; by; > gpwehl; lhs; cs; sj; ijf;
ftUk; gy kpFjpahff; fpilj; jd?
mit ahit?
Kj; Jk; gtsKk; MuKk; mfpYk;
ntz;JfpYk; rq;Fk; Fwpg;gplj;
jf; fd.
184) goe; jkpoh; > fpNuf; fiuAk; cNuhkhdp
aiuAk; ______ vd mioj; jdh; ?
atdh;
185) xt;nthU nghpa fg;gYk; vg;gb
Njhd; Wk; .
kjpy; #o;e;j Nfhl;il Nghy
186) goq; fhyj; jpNyNa jkpofj; jpy;
gytifahd ______ fl; lg; gl; ld.
fg; gy; fs;
187) Nfhilapd; Njhw; wkhdJ> eLf;
flyp y; nry; Yk; fg; gYf; F
ctikahfg; $wg;gl;L
cs; sJ.
GWehD}w; wp y;
188) fliyf; Fwpf; Fk; jkpo; r; nrhw; fs;
ahit?
Mop> Mh;fyp> Ke;ePh;> thuzk;>
ngstk; > guit> Gzhp.
189) kuf; fyj; Jf; Fk; jkpo; nkhopapy; gy
ngah;fs; cs;sd mit?
fg; gy; > fyk; > fl; Lkuk; > ehtha; >
glF> ghprp y; > Giz> Njhzp>
njg;gk;> jpkpy;> mk;gp> tq;fk;>
kpjit> g/wp> Xlk; vd; gd.
190) flypy; nry;Yk; ngupa fg;gy;
vdg; gLk; .
ehtha;
191) Fwp g; G:-
Gfhh; efuj; jp y; ep Wj; jg; gl; l
ehtha;fs;> miyfshy; miyg;
Gz; L fl; Lj; jwpapy; fl; lg; gl; l
ahid mirtJ Nghy; mire; jd.
mtw; wp d; cr; rp ap y; nfhbfs;
mire; J Mbd vdg; gl; bdg; ghiy
$Wfpd; wJ.
192) jkp ofj; jp y; eilngw; W te; j
thzpfj;jpd; gadhfg; gy Jiw
Kfq; fs; flw; fiug; gl; bdq;
fshfr; rpwe; J tpsq; fpd. mtw; Ws;
> Mfpait Fwpg; gplj;
jf; fd.
fhtphpg; g+k; gl; bdk; > Krpwp> nfhw; if
193) Krpwp ahUila JiwKfk; ?
Nrukd; dh; f; Fhp aJ.
194) vd;Dk; nghpa Mw;wpy;
atdh; fspd; kuf; fyq; fs; > Mw; Wj;
Jiwfs; fyq; fpg; NghFk; gb te; J
epd; wd.
Rs; sp
195) mf;fyq;fSf;F chpa atdh;fs;
nghd;idr; Rke;J te;J> mjw;F
<lhf kpsif Vw;wpr; nrd;whh;fs;.
vd; w ,r; nra; jp ia ______
njhptpf; fpwJ.
mfehD}W
196) ghz; ba ehl; bd; tsk; ngUf; fpaJ
ve; jj; JiwKfk; .
nfhw; if
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197) ntdpR ehl;lwpQh; ahh;?
khh; f; NfhNghNyh
198) tpise; J Kjph; e; j tpOKj; J
vd; W Kj; jpid rpwg; ghff; $wpaJ
ahh; ?
kJiuf; fhQ; rp
199) fly; fle; j jkpo;
1. jkpo; - fpNuf; fk;
2. mhprp - xiu]h
3. fUt+h; - fNuhuh
4. fhtphp - fgphpy;
5. Fkhp - nfhkhhp
6. Nrhgl;bdk; - Nrhgl;dh
7. njhz; b - jpz; b];
8. kJiu - kNjhuh
9. Krpwp - Krphpy;
200) flw; fiuia mLj; J ,Uf; Fk;
csh; fs; ______> _____> ,Ue; jd.
fyq; fiu tpsf; fk;
201) goe; jkp ofj; jp d; th zp fg;
nghUs;fisg; gw;wpa Fwpg;Gfs;
vq;Ff; fhzg;Lfpd;wd. gl;bdg;
ghiyapYk; kJiuf;fhQ;rpapYk;
Vw; wkjpahd nghUs; fSs; fP o;
fhz;git?
,uj; jpdk; > Kj; J> ituk; > kpsF>
fUq; fhyp > fUkUJ> Njf; F>
re; jdk; > ntz; Jfpy; > mhprp>
Vyf; fha; > ,ytq; fg; gl; il> ,Q; rp.
202) jkp ofj; jp y; vd; d ,wf; Fkjp
Mapd.
rPdj; Jg; gl; Lk; rUf; fiuAk; .
203) ve; jg; gy; fiyf; fofj; jp d;
thapyhfg; gl;lk;> gl;laf;fy;tp
fw; gpf; fg; ngw;W tUfpd;wd?
fly; rhh; gy; fiyf; fofk;
204) ______vd; Dk; ghujpapd; fdT
,d;W edthfp cs;sJ?
Nkiyf; fly; KOJk; fg; gy;
tp LNthk; .
205) nghUj;Jf:-
ehL JiwKfk;
1. NruehL Krpwp
2. NrhoehL fhtphpg;g+k; gl;bdk;
3. ghz;baehL nfhw; if
206) kuGj; njhlh; fisr; nrhw; nwhlhpfspy;
mikf; f:-
1. ifte; jfiy : ______
2. mj;jp g+j;jhw;Nghy : ______
3. cs; sq; if ney; ypf; fdp : ____
207) ,UnghUs; vOJf:
1. jpiu ______> ______>
2. fypq; fk; ______> ______>
3. fiy ______> ______>
4. ftp ______> ______>
208) jpizAk; - epyKk;
1. FwpQ; rp - kiyAk; kiyrhh; e; j
,lKk;
2. kUjk; - taYk; tay;rhh;e;j
,lKk;
3. nea;jy; - flYk; fly;rhh;e;j
,lKk;
4. ghiy - kzYk; kzy; rhh; e; j
,lKk;
nfyd; nfy;yh;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
209) mnkh p f; fh tp d; Gfo; ngw; w
vOj;jhsuhfTk; murpay; <LghL
nfhz; ltuhfTk; tpsq; fpath; ahh; ?
nfyd; nfy; yh;
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210) ,e; j cyfj; jpy; mikjp kyu
Ntz; Lk; vdf; Nfl; Ngd; - vd; wth;
ahh; ?
nfyd;
211) gj;njhd;gJ khjf; Foe;ijahf
,Ue;j NghJ nfyd; nfy;yUf;F
Vw;gl;l nfhba Neha; vJ?
fz; fs; ghuh> fhJfs; Nfsh>
tha; NgrhJ.
212) nfyd; nfy;yUf;F MW tajhd
NghJ ahUila cjtp ahy;
ngh;fpd;]; gs;spapy; Nrh;e;jhh;?
mnyf; rhz; lh; fpufhk; ngy;
213) nfydpd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
md; dp ry; yp thd;
214) gh];ldpy; cs;s ______ fhJ
NfshNjhUf; fhd gs; sp ap Yk; >
epa+ahh; f; fpy; cs; s ______ gs; sp
apYk; Kiwg; gb gapd; whh; .
N`hu]; khd; iul; `{khrd;
215) nfyd; > ve; j Kiwapy; vOjTk;
gbf; fTk; fw; whh; ?
gp nua; yp
216) Mrphpia md; dp mspj; j gaw; rpapd;
gadhf> ve; jf; fy; Y}hp EioTj;
Njh ; tp y; ntw; wp ngw; W>
,sq; fiyg; gl; l tFg; gpy; Nrh; e; jJ
gl;lKk; ngw;whh;?
Nfk; gphpl; [; nul; fpsp/g;
217) fz; zpoe; NjhUf; Fk; > fhJNfsh
Njhh; f; Fk; my; Yk; gfYk; mauhJ
cioj;jth; ahh;?
nfyd;
218) ______ ep jp vd xd; widj;
njhlq; fp> mjpy; Nrh; e; j njhifahd
&gh a; xd; wiu f; Nfh bia
mg;gs;spfSf;F toq;fpdhh;.
nfyd; nfy;yh; epjp
219) ghh; itaw; NwhUf; nfd ve; j E}yfk;
xd; wid cUthf; fp > cyfk;
KOtjpYk; ,Ue;J E}y;fs; te;J
Ftpa Vw;ghL nra;jhh;.
Njrpa E}yfk; .
220) tho; f; ifap y; ,og; G vd; gNj
,y; iy@ xd; W Nghdhy; ,d; ndhd; W
tUk;. me;j ek;gpf;ifapUe;jhy;
tho; f; if ntWik MfhJ vdf;
$wpath; ahh;?
nfyd;
221) eP q; fs; fz; ghh; it mw; wtuhfTk;
fhJ NfshjtuhfTk; ,Ue; Jk; $l
vg; gb cq; fshy; rhjpf; f Kbe; jJ
vd nfydplk; Nfl;lJ ahh;?
tp f; Nlhhp ah kfhuhzp
222) Mrp hp ah; md; dp ve; j Mz; L
,we;jhh;?
1930 Mk; Mz; L
223) md;dp ,we;j gpwF nfyd; ahH
cjtpAld; tho;e;jhh;?
ghyp jhk; rd;
224) nfyd; ve; j efhpd; Gfo; ngw; w
ngz;kzpahfj; jpfo;e;jhh;?
th\p q; ld;
225) nfyd; nfy; yh; xU ehs; flTspd;
mUshy; vj; jid ehs; kl; ; LNk
jkf; Fg; ghh; it fpl; bajhff; fdT
fz;lhh;?
%d;W ehs; kl;Lk;
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226) Kjy; ehs; nfyd; nfy; yh;
ghh;j;jJ ahh;?
Mrp hp ah;
227) ,uz;lhtJ ehs; nfyd; nfy;yh;
______ Njhd;Wtjidf; fz;lhh;.
fjp utd;
228) nfyd; ahUila Gfo; ngw; w
fiyQh; fsp d; Xtp aq; fisAk;
fiyg; nghUs; fisAk; fz; L
kfpo;e;jth; ahH?
ypadhh; Nlh lhtpd; rp
229) nfyd; ahUila ehlfj; ijg;
ghh;j;jhh;.
nrfg; gp hp aUila
230) %d;whtJ ehs; ghh;j;jhit?
efhpd; fpof; Fg; gf; fj; jpYs; s
Mw; Wg; ghyj; ij cw; W Nehf; fpdhh; .
epa+ahh;f;fpy; cs;s fk;gPukhd
,ul;ilf; NfhGuf; fl;llj;ijf;
fz; L fspj; jhh; .
kf;fspd; Kfj;jpy; ntspg;gLk;
kfpo; r; rp> Jd; gj; ijg; ghh; j; J
Ghpe;Jf; nfhz;lhh;.
231) Fwpg;G:-
1880 #d; 27 ,y; mnkhpf; fhtpYs; s
myghkh khfhzj; jpy; J]; Fk; gp
ahtpy; gpwe; J> rhjidahsuhfj;
jpfo; e; j nfyd; > 1968 Mk; Mz; L
#d; Kjy; ehs; ,t; Tyf tho; it
eP j; jhh; . mtuJ cly; th\pq; ldpy;
md; dp > ghyp Mfp NahuJ
cly; fSf; F mUNf ey; ylf; fk;
nra;ag;gl;lJ.
232) cyfpd; vl;lhtJ mjprak; vdg;
ghuhl;lg; ngw;wth; ahh;?
nfyd; nfy; yh;
233) ghh; itaw; NwhUf; fhd vOj; J
Kiwia cUthf;fpath; ahh;?
gp nua; yp
ngah; r; nrhy; (,yf; fzk; )
njhopw; ngah;
234) ngah; r; nrhw; fs; > tpidr; nrhw; fs; >
njhopw; ngah; fisf; $Wf?
khjtp> Nfhtyd; - ngah; r; nrhw; fs;
fz; L> kfpo; e; jhd; - tpidr; nrhw; fs;
Mly; - vd; gJ njhopw; ngah;
235) Mly; gphpj;njOJf:
ML + my;
236) njhopw; ngaiuf; Fwpf; f tUk;
tpFjpfs; :-
jy; >my; > mk; > I> if> it> F>
G> c> jp> rp> tp> cs; > fhL> ghL>
muT> Mid> ik> J vd;gd.
237) ngWjy; = ngW + jy;
Ml;lk; = ML + mk;
gwit = gw + it
Nghf;F = Ngh + F
Njhw; wuT = Njhw; W + muT
gha; j; J = gha; + J
Nfhly; = NfhL + my;
tho; f; if = tho; + if
Gspg; G = Gsp + G
tuT = tu + c
Nfhl;ghL = Nfhs; + ghL
Nfshid = Nfs; + Mid
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238) njhopw; ngah; tiffs; ahit?
njhopw; ngah; ,Utifg; gLk;
1). Kjdpiyj; njhopw; ngah;
2). Kjdpiy jphpe; j njhopw; ngah;
239) Kjdpiyj; njhopw; ngah; vd; why;
vd;d?
njhopw; ngah; tpFjpfNs ,y; yhky; >
gFjp kl; Lk; te; J> njhopiy
czh ; j; JtJ Kjdp iyj;
njhopw; ngah; .
240) Kjdpiy jphpe; j njhopw; ngah;
vd; why; vd; d?
njhopw;ngahpd; Kjdpiyahfpa
gFjp jphpe; J tUtJ Kjdpiy
jphpe; j njhopw; ngauhFk; .
241) tpidahyizAk; ngah; vd; why;
vd;d?
tp idKw; W> tp idiaf;
Fwpf;fhky; tpid nra;jtiuf;
Fwp g; gJ tp idahyizAk;
ngah; .
242) njhopw; ngah; f; Fk; > tpidahyiz
Ak; ngah; f; Fk; cs; s NtWghLfs;
njhop w; ngah; tp idahyizAk; ngah;
njhopYf; Fg; njhop y; nra; gtUf; Fg;
ngauha; tUk;. ngauha; tUk;.
glHf; if ,lj; jpy; %tplq;fspYk; tUk;.
tUk; .
fhyq; fhl; lhJ. Kf;fhyj;ijAk; fhl;Lk;.
243) gz;Gg; ngah; vjd; mbg;gilapy;
Njhd;Wk;?
gz; ig czh; j; Jk; ngah; gz; Gg;
ngah; . mWtifg; ngah; fSs;
xd; whd gz; Gg; ngah; epwk; > Rit>
msT> tbtk; Mfp atw; wp d;
mbg; gilapy; Njhd; Wk; .
1. nrk; ik> ntz; ik> fUik - epwg;
gz;G
2. tl; lk; > rJuk; > $k; G> nrt; tfk;
- tbtg;gz;G
3. xd; W> miu> fpNyhkP l; lh; - msTg;
gz;G
4. fhuk;> Gspg;G> ,dpg;G - Ritg;
gz;G
244) gz; Gg; ngah; tpFjpfs;
ik> I> rp> G> c> F> wp> W>
mk; > eh; > gk; > J> kd; > ,y; vd; gd
gz;Gg; ngah; tpFjpfs;.
245) Ntw; Wik cUNgw; Fk; NghJ jphpAk;
ngah;fs;?
Ntw; Wik cUGfs; I> My; > F>
,d; > mJ> fz; vd; gd. ,tw; iwf;
Fwpj; J Kd; tFg; gpy; njspthfg;
gbj;jpUg;gPh;fs;. mit jd;ik>
Kd; dpiy> glh; f; if Mfpa %tplg;
ngah; fis Vw; W tUk; NghJ vt; thW
jphpAk; vd; gJ Fwpj; Jf; fhzyhk; .
246) jd; ikg; ngah; fs; Ntw; Wik cUG
Vw;Fk;NghJ?
ahd; + I = vd; id
ahd; + My; = vd;dhy;
ahd; + F = vdf;F> ahd;
ahd; +,d; = vd;dpd;
ahd; + mJ = vdJ
ahd; + fz; = vd;fz; vdj;
jpupAk;
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247) Kd;dpiyg; ngah;fs; Ntw;Wik
cUG Vw;Fk;NghJ
eP + I = epd;id> cd;id
eP + My; = epd;dhy;> cd;dhy;
eP + F = epdf;F> cdf;F> eP
eP + ,d; = epd;dpd;> cd;dpd;
eP + mJ = epdJ> cdJ
eP + fz; = epd;fz;> cd;fz;
vdj; jpupAk;
248) glh; f; ifg; ngah; fs; Ntw; Wik
cUG Vw;Fk;NghJ
jhd; + I = jd; id
jhd; + My; = jd;dhy;
jhd; + F = jdf;F> jhd;
jhd; + ,d; = jd;dpd;
jhd; + mJ = jdJ
jhd; + fz; = jd; fz; vdj; jpupAk;
1. njhopw; ngahpd; gFjp jphpe;J
tUk; ngah; _____
Kjdpiy jphpe; j njhopw; ngah;
2. fhl;rp vd;Dk; njhopw;ngah;
_____ vdg; gphpAk; .
fhz; + rp
3. khl; rp vd; gJ _____ MFk; .
gz; Gg; ngah;
4. te;jhd; vd; Dk; tpidKw; W
_____ vd tp idahyizAk;
ngauha; tUk;.
te; jtd;
250) nghUj;Jf:-
1. njhopw; ngah; - #L
2. Kjdpiy jphpe; j njhopw; ngah;
- tUjy;
3. gz;Gg;ngah; - ed;wp
4. tp idahyizAk; ngah; -
mfo;thh;
251) epug;Gf:-
1. gFjp kl; Lk; njhopiyf; Fwpg; gJ
_____
Kjdpiyj; njhopw; ngah;
2. tuT vd; Dk; njhopw; ngahpd;
tpFjp _____ vJTkpy;iy.
3. tl;lk; vd;gJ _____ ngah;
MFk; .
tbtg; gz; G
4. eP vDk; Kd;dpiyg; ngah;
cUNgw;Fk; NghJ _____ vdj;
jphpAk; .
cd;
252) Ie; jpizfs; ahit?
FwpQ; rpj; jpiz> Ky; iyj; jpiz>
kUjj; jpiz> nea; jy; jpiz>
ghiyj; jpiz.
1. Kf;fdp khq; fdp> gyhf; fdp>
thiof; fdp
2. ehw; gil - Njh; g; gil> ahidg; gil>
Fjpiug; gil> fhyhl; gil.
3. Ie; jpyf; fzk; - vOj; jpyf; fzk; >
nrhy;ypf;fzk;> nghUspyf;fzk;>
ahg;gpyf;fzk;> mzpapyf;fzk;.
4. mWRit - ,dpg; Gr; Rit> frg; Gr;
Rit> fhh; g; Gr; Rit> Jth; g; Gr; Rit>
ctHg; Gr; Rit> Gspg; Gr; Rit
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253) ,izahd jkpo;g; gonkhopia
mwpf:
1. In a fiddlers house all are dancers
fk; gd; tP l; Lf; fl; Lj; jwpAk; ftp
ghLk;
2. No man can flay a stone
fy;ypNy ehh; chpf;f KbAkh?
3. Difficulties give way to diligence
fiug; ghh; fiuj; jhy; fy; Yk;
fiuAk; .
4. Command your man and do it your self
ntz; nzia itj; Jf; nfhz; L
nea;f;F miythNdd;
5. Charity is a double blessing
jUkk; jiy fhf; Fk;
,ay; ehd; F
nra;As; - jpUf;Fws;
254) nrhw;nghUs; -
1. nrtpr; nry; tk; - Nfs; tpr; nry; tk;
2. jiy - Kjd; ik
3. Ngho;J - nghOJ
4. <ag; gLk; - mspf; fg; gLk;
5. mtp czT - Njth;fSf;F
Nts;tpapd;nghOJ nfhLf;fg;gLk;
czT.
6. Md; Nwhh; - fy; tp> Nfs; tp> gz; G>
Mfpatw;wpy; rpwe;Njhh;.
7. xg;gh; - xg;ghth;
8. xw; fk; - jsh; r; rp
9. Cw;W - Cd;W Nfhy;
10. Cw;Wf;Nfhy; - Cd;WNfhy;
11. mw;Nw - Nghd;wNj
12. vidj; jhDk; - vt; tsT rpwpNj
MapDk;
13. midj; jhDk; - Nfl; l mstpw; F
14. Md; w - epiwe; j
15. gpioj;Jzh;e;Jk; - jtwhf
czh; e; jpUe; jhYk;
16. Ngijik - mwpahikapd;
ghw;gl;l jPa nrhw;fs;.
17. ,ioj;Jzh;e;J - El;gkhf
Muha;e;J
18. <z;ba - Ma;e;jwpe;j
19. jifaNt - jd; ikaNj
20. Njhl; fg; glhj - Jisf; fg; glhJ.
21. Ezq;fpa - El;gkhfpa
22. tzq;fpa - gzpthd
23. thapduhjy; - nkhopapid
cilath;
24. thAzh;tpd; khf;fs;- czTr;
Rit kl; Lk; mwpe; Njhh; .
25. mtpapDk; - ,we; jhYk;
1. tapw; Wf; Fk; - ,opTr; rpwg; Gk; ik
2. mtpAzT - ,U nganuhl;Lg;
gz; Gj; njhif
3. Nfl; f - tpaq; Nfhs; tpidKw; W
4. ,Of;fy;> xOf;fk; - njhopw;
ngah;fs;
5. Cw;Wf;Nfhy; - Cd;W Nfhy;
vd; gjd; typj; jy; tpfhuk;
6. Md;w ngUik - nganur;rk;
7. Nfshj; jifaNt - <Wnfl;l
8. mtpapDk; thopDk; - vz; Zk; ik
256) gphpj; jwpjy; -
1. nrtpf; FzT = nrtpf; F +
czT
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155
2. RitAzuh = Rit + czuh
3. thAzh;T = tha; + czh;T
257)gFgj cWg; gpyf; fzk;
1. Nfl;f - Nfs; (l;) + f
Nfs; - gFjp
s; - l; MdJ tpfhuk;
f - tpaq; Nfhs; tpidKw; W tpFjp
2. czh;e;J - czh; + j; (e; ) +
j; + c
czh; - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - e; MdJ tpfhuk;
c - tpidnar;r tpFjp
1. nrtpf;FzthtJ _____
Nfs; tp
2. xOf; fKilahh; tha; r; nrhy; ___
Cw; Wf; Nfhy;
259) cilikfs; gj; J
jpUf; Fwspy; gj; J mjpfhug; ngah;
fs; cilik vd; Dk; nrhy; ypy;
mike; Js; sd.
1. md; Gilik
2. mlf; fKilik
3. xOf; fKilik
4. nghiwAilik
5. mUSilik
6. mwpTilik
7. Cf; fKilik
8. Ms; tpidAilik
9. gz; Gilik
10. ehZilik
260) FwSk; VO vd; Dk; vz; Zg;
ngaUk;
jp Uf; FwSf; Fk; VO vd; Dk;
vz; zpw; Fk; nghpJk; njhlh; Gs; sJ.
jpUf;Fws; VO rPh;fshy; mike;j
ntz;ghf;fisf; nfhz;lJ. VO
vd; Dk; vz; Zg; ngah; vl; Lf;
Fwl;ghf;fspy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.
mjpfhuq; fs; > 133. ,jd; $l; Lj;
njhif VO. nkhj; j Fwl; ghf; fs;
1330. ,jd; $l; Lj; njhifAk; VO.
rPl; Lf; ftp
261) Vlhapuq; Nfhb vOjhJ - vd;
rPl;Lf;ftpg; ghliy ghbath; ahh;?
me; jff; ftp tPuuhfth; .
262) ghl;birf;fhj fe;jUtk; (,ir)>
vwp aKbahj fe; Jfk; (ge; J)>
$h;ik kOq;fhj Nfhzk; (thl;
gil)> gwf;fhj nfhf;F> mdy;
tP rhj Nfhil (Ntdpw; fhyk; )> nfhba
gilf; fyk; Nghd; W gpbahj Fe; jk;
(#yk;)> mzpahj ghlyk; (ghjphpg;
g+)> g+thj kh (khkuk; )> kyh; khiy
mzpahj rbyk; (ril)> nrhy; ypaijj;
jpUg;gpr; nrhy;yhj fps;is (fpsp)
xd; widf; fhz; Nghh; vy; yhk; GfOkhW
mDg; gp itf; f Ntz; LfpNwd; .
263) fe; jUtk; > fe; Jfk; > Nfhzk; >
nfhf; F> Nfhil> Fe; jk; > ghlyk; >
rbyk; > fp s; is vd; gd vij
Fwpf;Fk; gy ngah;fs;.
Fjp iu
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264) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. fe;Jfk; - ge;J
2. Nfhzk; - thl;gil
3. Fe; jk; - #yk;
4. Nfhil - Ntdpw;fhyk;
5. ghlyk; - ghjphpg; g+
6. kh - khkuk;
7. rbyk; - ril
8. fps; is - fpsp
1. gbj;j tpufd;> jPHj;j nropad;
- nganur;rq;fs;
2. ghlhj> gwthj> #lhj - vjph;
kiwg; nganur; rq; fs;
3. vjphpyhf; ftp - <Wnfl;l vjph;
kiwg; nganur; rk;
4. tply; - njhopw;ngah;
tPuuhfth; fhQ;rpGuk; khtl;lj;Jg;
g+J}hpy; gpwe;J> nghd; tpise;j
fsj; J}hpy; tho; e; jth; . ,thpd;
je;ijahh; tLfehjh;. tPuuhfth;
gpwtpapNyNa fz; nzhsp ,oe; jth; .
vdpDk; Nfs; tpawptpd; thapyhff;
fy; tp gapd; whh; . ,th; > VLfs;
vOjhky; jk; kdj; jpNyNa vOjpg;
gbj; Njd; vdj; jhNk $Wtjp
ypUe; J> mth; fw; gjw; F vLj; Jf;
nfhz; l Kaw; rp ia vz; zp
tpaf; fj; Njhd; WfpwJ. ts; sy; fs;
kP Jk; rp w; wurh; fs; kP Jk; gy
jdpg;ghly;fisg; ghbg; ghpRfs;
ngw;whh;. ,yq;if nrd;W guuhr
Nrfu kd;didg; ghb xU ahid>
nghw; ge; jk; > Xh; Ch; Mfpatw; iwg;
ghprpyhfg; ngw;W Ch; jpUk;gpdhh;.
,jdhy; > ,th; jk; Gfo; fly;
fle; Jk; gutpw; W. ,tuJ ghly; fs;
jdpg; ghly; jpul; by; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sd.
jpUf;fOf;Fd;wg; Guhzk;> jpUf;
fOf;Fd;w khiy> Nra+h; KUfd;
gps; isj; jkpo; > jpUth&h; cyh>
re; jpu thzd; Nfhit Mfpa
E}y;fis ,th; ,aw;wpAs;shh;.
267) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
,g; ghly; > jdpg; ghly; jpul; L
vd; Dk; E}ypy; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ.
jkpofj; jpd; gy; NtW gFjpfspy;
tho; e; j Gyth; gyh; ghba
ghly; fspd; njhFg; Ng ,e; E}y; .
,jpy; E}w; Wg; gj; Jg; Gyth; fs;
ghba Mapuj; J E}w; Wg; gjpd;
%d; W ghly; fs; njhFf; fg;
gl; Ls; sd. tP uuhfth; ,aw; wpa
Kg;gj;njhd;gJ ghly;fs; ,jpy;
,lk; ngw; Ws; sd. tP uuhfth; >
Nryj; J Nte; jd; nropa jiuaDf; F
Fjpiu Ntz;b vOjp mDg;gpa
ghly; ,J.
268) epug;Gf:-
1. tPuuhfth; vOjpa E}y;fSs;
xd;W _____ Guhzk;.
jpUf; fOf; Fd; wg;
2. Xiyr;rPl;by; nra;As; tbtpy;
vOjg; gLk; fbjtif _____ MFk; .
rPl; Lf; ftp
3. rP l; Lf; ftp f; F _____>_____>
vd;Dk; NtW ngah;fSk; cz;L.
Xiyj; J}f; F> Xiyg; ghRuk;
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269) nghUj;Jf:-
1. fe;Jfk; - ge;J
2. Fe; jk; - #yk;
3. ghlyk; - ghjphpg;g+
4. rbyk; - ril
Mde; juq; fh; ehl; Fwpg; G
(ciueil)
270) xU ehl; Fwp g; ghdJ> mf; fhy
epfo;Tfis ekf;Fj; njspthf
vLj; Jiuf; Fk; tuyhw; W Mtzkhfj;
jpfo; tJ vJ?
Mde; juq; fhpd; ehl; Fwpg; G
271) ehl; Fwpg; G vjw; F gjpT nra; tjw; fhfg;
gad;gly; Ntz;Lk;?
Fwpj; j ehspy; epfo; e; j r%f
khw; wq; fs; > murpay; epfo; Tfs; >
,aw; ifapy; Vw; gl; l Nghplh; fs; >
cyfpd; rPhpa epfo; Tfs; .
272) Mde; juq; fhpd; ehl; Fwpg; G Xh; ____>
_____> MtzkhfTk; kjpf; fg;
ngWfpwJ.
,yf; fp akhfTk; > tuyhw; W
MtzkhfTk;
273) Mde;juq;fh; ve;j Ch;> Mz;L>
ehs; gpwe;jhh;?
Mde; juq; fh; > nrd; idg; gpuk; g+hpy;
(nguk; g+ h; ) 1709 Mk; Mz; L
khh;r;Rj; jpq;fs; 30 Mk; ehs;
gpwe; jhh; .
274) Mde; juq; fh; ve; j tajpy; jhia
,oe; jhh; .
jk; %d;W tajpy;
275) ahhplk; Mde; juq; fh; fy; tp gapd; whh; ?
vk; ghh; vd; ghhplk; fy; tp gapd; whh; .
276) Mde; juq; fh; je; ij> ikj; Jdhpd;
ngah; ?
jpUNtq; flk; > iedpag; ghpd;
277) Mde; juq; fh; muRg; gzpapy; cjtp
ahsuhfr; Nrh; e; J> ehsiltpy;
_____ gjtp cah;T ngw;whh;.
jp thdhfg;
278) Mde;juq;fh; fy;tp fw;w gpd;dh;
vd;d elj;jp te;jhh;?
ghf; Ff; fplq; ; F
279) Ja;g;nsf;R vd;Dk; MSehpd;
nkhop ngah;g;ghsh; (Jghrp) ,we;j
jdhy; gd; nkhopawpT ngw; w ahiu
mg;gzpf;F epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;?
Mde; juq; fh;
280) Mde; juq; fh; Jghrpahfg; gzpahw; wpa
fhyj; jpy; ve; j Mz; L ehl; Fwpg; G
vOjpAs;shh;?
1736 Mk; Mz; L Kjy; 1761
Mk; Mz; L tiu Vwj; jho
,Ugj; ije; J Mz; Lfs; .
281) ehl;Fwpg;Gf;F Mde;juq;fh; vd;d
ngahpl; lhh; ?
jp dg; gb nra; jp f; Fwp g; G>
nrh]; jyp fp jk;
282) Mde;juq;fh; ehl;Fwpg;gpd; ngUk;
gFjp ve; j nra; jp fisNa
tpthpf; fpd; wd.
thzpfr; nra; jp
283) JiwKf efuq; fsp y; thOk;
kf;fspd; tUtha;f;F mbg;gil
aha; miktJ mq; F tUk; _____
Nghf; Ftuj; Nj.
fg; gy; fspd; Nghf; Ftuj; J
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284) 1. nrh];j - njspe;j my;yJ
chpikAila vd; gJ nghUs;
2. ypfpjk; - fbjk; my; yJ Mtzk;
3. tsT - tP L
4. Jghrp - ,Unkhopg; GyikAila
th; (nkhop ngah;g;ghsh;)
285) Mde; juq; fhpd; ehl; Fwpg; ghdJ>
mf;fhyj;jpy; _____ vLj;Jiuf;
fpd; wJ.
Ngr; Rj; jkp o; > nrhw; fs; > nrhw;
nwhlh; fs; kw; Wk; ,yf; fzf;
$Wfis vLj; Jiuf; fpd; wJ.
286) gpnuQ;Rf; fhuh;fSf;Fk; ,e;jpa
kd;dh;fSf;Fk; ,ilNa ghykhf
,Ue;jth; ahh;?
Mde; juq; fh;
287) Krgh; rq;> Mde;juq;fUf;F 1749
Mk; Mz; L %thapuk; Fjpiufis
toq;fp mtUf;F _____ vd; Dk;
gl; lj; ijAk; toq; fpdhh; ?
kd; RNgjhh;
288) nrq; fw; gl; Lf; Nfhl; ilf; Fj; jsgjp
ahfTk; mk; khtl; lk; OOikf; Fk;
_____ fTk; epakdk; ngw; whh; ?
[hfPh; jhuuhfTk;
289) _____ gzp ahw; WNthh; jko;
kf;fspd; jiytuhf mwptpf;fg;
gLth;?
Jghrp
290) Mde; juq; fUf; Fj; jdp g; gl; l
chpikfs; ahh; Ml; rpapy; ,Uf; Fk;
NghJ toq;fg;gl;bUe;jd?
Ja; g; Ns
291) Mde;juq;fiu ,e;jpahtpd; _____
vdTk;> _____ vdTk; > mwpQh;
Nghw;Wfpd;wdh;?
ngg; gpR> ehl; Fwpg; G Nte; jh;
292) il]; vd; Dk; ,yj; jP d; nrhy; Yf; F
ehs; vd;gJ nghUs;. ,jpypUe;Nj
ilhpak; vd;Dk; ,yj;jPd; nrhy;
cUthdJ. ,r; nrhy; Yf; F ehl;
Fwpg; G vd; gJ nghUs; . ,jpypUe; Nj
ilhp vd; Dk; Mq; fpyr; nrhy;
cUthdJ.
293) Mde; juq; fh; Fwpj; J ntspte; Js; s
,yf; fpaq; fs; :-
Mde;juq;ff; Nfhit - jpahfuhr
Njrpfh;
Mde; juq; fd; jdpg; ghly; fs; fs; td;
nehz;br; rpe;J
Mde; juq; fd; gps; isj; jkpo; -
mhpkjp njd;dfd;
Mde;juq;fh; Gjpdq;fs;
Mde;juq;f tp[ark;G - rPdpthrf;
ftp (tlnkhop)
Mde;juq; uhl;re;jK - f];J}hpuq;
ff; ftp (njYq; F)
,yf; fzk;
nrhy; (gfhg;gjk;> gFgjk;)
294) nrhy; vd;why; vd;d?
Xh; vOj; J> jdpj; NjDk; xd; Wf; F
Nkw; gl; l vOj; Jfs; njhlh; e; NjDk;
xU nghUis czh; j; Jkhdhy; >
mJ> nrhy; vdg; gLk; .
295) nrhy; vd;gjd; NtW ngah;fs;
ahit?
gjk; > nkhop> fpstp
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296) gjk; gfhg; gjk; > gFgjk; vd ,U
tifg; gLk; .
297) gfhg; gjk; vd; why; vd; d?
gphpj;jhy; nghUs; juhj nrhy;
gfhg; gjk; vdg; gLk; .
298) gfhg;gjk; vj;jid tifg;gLk;?
mit ahit?
gfhg; gjk; ehd; F tifg; gLk;
mit-
ngah;> tpid> ,il> chp.
299) gFg; gjj; jpd; gphpTfs; -
gFjp> tpFjp> ,ilepiy.
300) gFgjk; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
ngah; g; gFgjk; > tpidg; gFgjk;
vd ,U tifg;gLk;.
301) ngah; g; gFgjk; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
nghUs; > ,lk; > fhyk; > rpid>
Fzk; > njhop y; vDk; Mwd;
mbahfj; Njhd; WtJ.
302) tpidg; gFgjk; vd; gJ vd; d?
gFjp> tpFjp> ,ilepiy Kjyp
adthfg; gFf; fg; gLk; tpidKw; W>
tpidg; gFgjk; vdg; gLk; .
303) gFgj cWg; Gfs; vj; jid cs; sd?
gFgj cWg; Gfs; MW cWg; Gfs;
mit-
gFjp> tpFjp> ,ilepiy> re; jp>
rhhpia> tpfhuk; .
304) gFjp -
gFgjj; jp y; Kjyp y; ep d; W
nghUs; jUk; Kjdp iyiag;
gFjp
305) tpFjp -
gFgjj; jp y; ,Wjp ap y; ep d; W
tpFjp vdg; gLk; ,J jpiz>
ghy; > vz; > ,lk; Mfpatw; iwf;
fhl; Lk; .
306) ,ilepiy -
gFjpf; Fk; tpFjpf; Fk; ,ilapy;
tUtJ ,liepiy vdg; gLk; .
1. epfo; fhy ,ilepiyfs;
2. ,we;jfhy ,ilepiyfs;
3. vjph; fhy ,ilepiyfs;
4. vjph; kiw ,ilepiyfs;
307) re;jp -
gFjp f; Fk; ,ilep iyf; Fk;
,ilapy; te; J re; jpf; f itg; gJ
re; jp .
308) rhhpia -
ngah; r; nrhy; iyAk; > tp idr;
nrhy; iyAk; rhh; e; J tUtJ
rhhpia vdg; gLk; .
309) tpfhuk; --
gFjp> ,ilepiy> tpFjp Nghd; wit
NrUk; NghJ ,ilapy; Vw;gLk;
khWghL tpfhuk; vdg; gLk; .
1. _____ vd;gJ ngah;g;gFgjk;
MFk; .
tpil
2. ,ilr; nrhw; fs; _____ gjk;
MFk; .
tpil:
3. kJiuahd; _____ngah; g; gFgjk;
MFk; .
tpil:
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160
4. gFgjj; jpy; Fiwe; jsT ,Uf; f
Ntz;ba cWg;Gfs; _____
tpil:
5. Vty; tpidahf miktJ _____
MFk; .
tpil:
6. ,y; vd; dk; vjph; kiw ,il
epiy mike; Js; s tpidr; nrhy;
tpil:
7. nra; jhd; - ,r; nrhy; yp y;
mike; Js; s ,ilepiy _____
tpil:
311) nghUj;Jf:-
m) 1) nghUl;ngah;g; gFgjk; --
- nrd;idahd;
2) ,lg;ngah;g; gFgjk; -- %f;fd;
3) fhyg; ngah; g; gFgjk; -- nghd; dd;
4. rpidg; ngah; g; gFgjk; --
rpj;jpiuahd;
tpil:
M) nrhy; -- ,ilepiy
1. tUthd; - ,we; jfhy ,ilepiy
(j;)
2. fhzhd; - epfo;fhy ,ilepiy
(fpW)
3. ghh; j; jhd; - vjph; fhy ,ilepiy
(t;)
4. elf; fpwhd; - vjph; kiw ,ilepiy
(M)
tpil:
312) nrhw; fis tifg; gLj; Jjy;
ngah;> tpid> ,il> chpr;nrhw;
fisf; fz; lwpe; J tifg; gLj; jy;
Ntz;Lk;. khh;fop> ele;jhd;> ck;>
rhy> ghbdhd; > kapyk; > cW>
vd; W> fb> nfhy; > mk; k.
ngah;r;nrhw;fs; - khh;fop> kapyk;
tpidr; nrhw; fs; - ele; jhd; > ghbdhd;
,ilr; nrhw; fs; - ck; > vd; W> nfhy; >
mk; k
chpr;nrhw;fs; - rhy> cW> fb
313) tifg; gLj; Jf:-
jhkiu> fhy; > jt> vOjpdhd; >
Mdhy;> ntd;whd;> kw;Wk; rhy
ngah; r; nrhy; tpidr; nrhy; ,ilr;
nrhy; chpr;nrhy;
ngaHnrhy;:- jhkiu> fhy;
tpidr; nrhy; :- vOjpdhd; > ntd; whd;
,ilr;nrhy;:- Mdhy;> kw;Wk;
cupr; nrhy;:- jt> rhy
314) xUnghUs; Fwpj; j gy nrhw; fSf; F
(v.fh)
moF - nghypT> vopy; > tdg; G
,uf;fk; - mUs;> ghpT> fUiz
fpsp - jj; ij> Rfk; > fps; is
kiy - ntw; G> rpyk; G> nghUg; G
fjp utd; - #hp ad; > gfytd; >
QhapW.
315) fPo;f;fhZk; xU nghUs; Fwpj;j
gy nrhw; fis vOJf:-
tay; -- ----------->----------->-----------
fly; -- Mop> MHfsp> Ke;ePH
neUg;G -- jP> fdy;
316) jkpo;r;nrhy;
1. rk];jhdk; - muR
2. Kf;fpa];jh; - Kjd;ikahdth;
3. rpdpkhjpNal;lh; - jpiuauq;fk;
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4. fhh; - kfpOe;J
5. VNuhg;gpNsd; - thD}h;jp
6. ,yhfh - Jiw
7. mg;ghapz;l; - gzp mkh;j;jy;
8. gpujhdk; - Kjd; ik
9. tpQ;Qhdk; - mwptpay;
10. g]; - NgUe;J
11. ,uapy; - njhlh;tz;b
12. f[hdh - fUt+yk;
13. cj;jpNahf];jh; - mYtyh;
14. bghh; l; nkz; ly; ]; Nlhh; -
gynghUs; mq;fhb
317) ,u\; a ehl; bd; Gfo; ngw; w vOj; jhsh;
ahh; ?
ypNah lhy; ]; lha;
318) ,izahd jkp o; g; gonkhop ia
mwpf:
1. one flower makes no garland
jdpkuk; Njhg;ghfhJ
2. little wealth little care
kbap y; fdkp y; iynad; why;
topapy; gakpy; iy
3. Look before you leap
Mok; mwpahky; fhiy tplhNj
4. Some thing is better than nothing
Miyapy;yh CUf;F ,Yg;igg;
g+ rh;f;fiu
5. Though he endeavours all he can
Gypiag; ghh; j; Jg; g+id #LNghl; Lf;
nfhz;lhw; Nghy;
,ay; Ie;J - nra;As;
Kj; njhs; shap uk;
319) nrhw;nghUs; -
1. ca; k; kpd; - gpioj; Jf; nfhs; Sq; fs;
2. ky; yy; - tsik
3. ts; - neUf;fk;
4. tpRk; G - thdk;
5. GwT - Gwh
6. epiw - vil
7. <h;j;J - mWj;J
8. Jiy - Jyhf;Nfhy; (juhR)
9. epiw - xOf; fk;
10. td; fz; - tP uj; jd; ik
11. Nkdp - cly;
12. kUg; G - je; jk;
13. Crp - vOj; jhzp
14. kwk; - tP uk;
15. fdy; - neUg;G
16. jpUj; jf; f - nry; tk; epiyj; j
17. itafk; - cyfk;
18. nkha;apiy - neUq;fpaike;j
,iy
19. khwd; - ghz;ba kd;dd;
20. fspW - Mz; ahid
1. ky;yy; neLkjpy; - chpr;nrhw;
nwhlh;
2. neLkjpy; - gz; Gj; njhif
3. thq; Ftpy; - tpidj; njhif
4. cah; Jiy - tpidj; njhif
5. Fiwahtd; fz; - <Wnfl;l
6. ,iyNty; - ctikj; njhif
7. kUg; g+rp> khh; Nghiy - cUtfq; fs;
8. khwd; fspW - Mwhk; Ntw; Wikj;
njhif
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1. je; Ja; k; kpd; - je; J + ca; k; kpd;
2. tpy;nyOjp - tpy; + vOjp
3. g+l; Lkpd; - g+l; L + kpd;
4. kUg;g+rp - kUg;G + Crp
5. khh;Nghiy - khh;G + xir
6. vknjd; W - vkJ + vd; W
7. nkha;apiy - nkha; + ,iy
322) mzp:-
jw; Fwpg; Ngw; w mzp
cUtf mzp
323) E}w; Fwpg; G:
%Nte; jh; fisg; gw; wp a %d; W
njhs; shapuk; ghly; fisf; nfhz; l
E}y; Kj; njhs; shapuk; . MapDk;
,e;E}y; KOikahff; fpilf;f
tpy; iy. Gwj; jpul; L vd; Dk; E}y;
thapyhf E}w; nwl; L ntz; ghf;
fSk;> gioa ciu E}y;fspy;
Nkw; Nfhs; fshf ,Ugj; jp uz; L
ntz; ghf; fSk; fpilj; Js; sd.
%Nte; jh; fspd; Ml; rpr; rpwg; G> gilr;
rpwg; G> Nghh; j; jpwd; nfhil Kjypa
nra; jp fis ,g; gh ly; fs;
tpsf;Ffpd;wd. rpwe;j ,yf;fpa
eaKk; fw; gid tsKk; epiwe; j
E}yhf Kj; njhs; shapuk; jpfo; fpwJ.
,e;E}ypd; Mrphpah; ngah; njhpa
tpy; iy.
1. Nru kd; dhpd; milahsr; rpd; dk;
_____
tp y;
2. Nrho kd;dd; _____ tpidf;
fhf; f> jd; jiria mspj; jhd; .
Gwh
3. khh;Nghiyapy; vOJk; vOj;
jhzp _____
je; jk;
325) nghUj;Jf:-
1. tpRk; G - thdk;
2. Jiy - Jyhf;Nfhy;
3. kUg; G - je; jk;
4. fdy; - neUg;G
5. fspW - ahid
fypq; fj; Jg; guzp
raq; nfhz; lhh;
326) nrhw;nghUs; -
1. jPapd;tha; - neUg;gpy;
2. rpe; ij - vz; zk;
3. $u - kpf
4. et;tp - khd;
5. Kfpy; - Nkfk;
6. kjp - epyT
7. cF - nrhhpe;j(nghope;j)
8. Gdy; - ePh;
1) nte;J> cyh;e;J> vdh> $u> -
tpidnar;rq;fs;
2. $u - tpidnar;rq;fs;
3. nre;eha; - gz;Gj; njhif
4. fUKfpYk; > ntz; kjpAk; -
vz; Zk; ik
5. fUKfpy; > ntz; kjp - gz; Gj;
njhiffs;
6. flf; f Xb> ,isj; J - tpid
nar;rq;fs;
7. tpah; j; j tpah; td; Nwh - nganur; rk;
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1. cyh;e;J - cyh; + j;(e;) + j; +
c
cyh; - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - e; MdJ tpfhuk;
c - tpidnar;rtpFjp
1. thapdPh; - thapd; + ePh;
2. nte; Jyh; e; J - nte; J + cyh; e; J
3. fhbjid - fhL + ,jid
4. fUKfpy; - fUik + Kfpy;
5. ntz; kjp - ntz; ik + kjp
fypq;fj;Jg; guzpia ,aw;wpath;
raq;nfhz;lhh;. ,th;> jpUth&h;
khtl; lj; jpYs; s jP gq; Fb vd; Dk;
Chp dh; . Kjy; FNyhj; Jq; fr;
Nrhodpd; muritg; Gytuhfj;
jp fo; e; jth; . guzp f; Nfhh; raq;
nfhz; lhh; vdg; gygl; lilr; nrhf; f
ehjg; Gyth; ghuhl; bAs; shh; .
,irahapuk; > cyhkly; Mfpa
E}y; fisAk; ,aw; wpAs; shh; . ,tuJ
fhyk; fp.gp gd; dpuz; lhk; E}w; whz; L.
331) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
Mapuf; fzf; fhd ahidfisg;
Nghhpy; nfhd;w tPuidg; Gfo;e;J
ghLk; ,yf; fp aj; jp w; Fg; guzp
vd; gJ ngah; . ,J njhz; Z}w; whW
tif rpw; wpyf; fpaq; fSs; xd; W.
guzp ,yf; fpaq; fSs; jkpopy;
Njhd; wpa Kjy; E}y; fypq; fj; Jg;
guzp. fypq; f kd; dd; mde; j
gd;kd; kPJ Kjy; FNyhj;Jq;fr;
Nrhod; Nghh; njhLj; J ntw; wp
ngw;whd;.
mt; ntw; wpiag; ghuhl; b vOe; j
,e; E}y; Njhy; tp Aw; w fyp q; f
ehl;bd; ngauhy; mike;Js;sJ.
,e; E}y; Ie; E}w; Wj; njhz; Z}w; nwhd; gJ
jhop irfs; cs; sd. raq;
nfhz;lhhpd; rkfhyg; Gytuhd
xl; lf; $j; jh; ,e; E}iyj; njd; jkpo; j;
nja;tg;guzp vdg; Gfo;e;Js;shh;.
332) guzp ,yf;fpaq;fs;
1. jf; fahfg; guzp>
2. Nkhftijg; guzp>
3. rPdj; Jg; guzp>
4. tq; fj; Jg; guzp>
5. ghrtijg; guzp>
6. jpuhtplj; Jg; guzp.
1. jkpopy; Njhd; wpa Kjy; guzp
,yf;fpak; _____
fyp q; fj; Jg; guzp
2. fypq; fj; Jg; guzpia ,aw; wpath;
_____
raq; nfhz; lhh;
3. et;tp - ,r;nrhy;ypd; nghUs;
_____
khd;
4. rpw; wpyf; fpaq; fs; ___ tifg; gLk; .
96
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334) nghUj;Jf:-
1. rpe; ij - vz; zk;
2. et;tp - khd;
3. Kfpy; - Nkfk;
4. Gdy; - ePH
5. cUFjy; - nrhhpjy;
cyfshtpa jkpoh;
(ciueil)
335) cyfp y; If; fp a rigap d;
cWg; Ghpik ngw; w vj; jid ehLfs;
kw; Wk; Ml; rpg; Gyq; fSk; cs; sd?
E}w; Wj; njhz; Z}w; W ,uz; L
ehLfSk; ehw; gj; J %d; W Ml; rpg;
Gyq; fSk; Mf ,U E} w; W
Kg;gj;ije;J ehLfs;.
336) Vwj; jho E}w; iwk; gj; J ehd; F
ehLfspy; _____ ,dk; gutpAs; sJ.
jkp op dk;
337) jkp oh; fs; may; ehLfSf; F
nry;tjw;fhd fhuzk;?
thzpfk; > Ntiytha; g; G
338) jpiuflNyhbAk; jputpak; NjL
vd;wth; ahh;?
xsitahh;
339) rhJtd; thzpfk; nra; Ak; nghUl; Lf;
fly; fle;J nrd;w Fwpg;G vjpy;
cs; sJ.
kzp Nkfiy
340) gug;gstpy; rpwpajhd ve;j jPtpy;
tho; gth; fSs; ngUk; ghd; ik
kf; fs; jkpoh; ?
Hpa+dpad; jPtpy;
341) gpnuQ; Rf; fhuh; fshy; GJr; Nrhp>
fhiuf; fhy; > gFjp fsp yp Ue; J
xg; ge; jf; $ypfshf ahiu Fbakh; j;
jg;gl;lhh;fs;?
jkp oh;
342) gpuhd;R ehl;bd; xU gFjpahff;
fUjg; gLk; mj; jP tp y; thOk;
jkp oh ; fs; ve; j nkh op ap y;
NgRfpwhh;fs;?
gpnuQ; R nkhopapy;
343) ,yq; ifap y; thOk; jkp oUs;
vj; jid tpOf; fhl; bdh; njhlf; fg;
gs; sp Kjy; gy; fiyf; fofk; tiu
jkpopNyNa fy;tp gapy;fpd;wdH?
njhz; Z}w; iwe; J tpOf; fhL
344) ve; j ehLfspy; jkpo; xU ghlkhff;
fw; gpf; fg; gLfpwJ?
rpq;fg;g+h;> nkhhprpaR> kNyrpah>
gp[pj; jP Tfs; > njd; mnkhpf; fh>
fdlh> gphpl; ld; .
345) ,yq; if> rp q; fg; g+ h; > kNyrp ah
Mfpa ehLfspy; _____ nkhopahfj;
jkpo; jpfo; fpwJ?
Ml; rp nkhopahfj;
346) _____> _____> _____> Clfq; fis
cynfq; Fk; jkp oh; elj; jp
tUfpd; wd.
mr;R> xyp> xsp
347) jkpoh; > ehl; il tpl; Lr; nrd; w
NghJk; -------------- vd;Dk; cah;
Nehf;NfhL tho;e;J tUfpd;wdh;?
ahJk; CNu ahtUk; Nfsph;
348) jkpoh; ve;j ehLfs; gytw;wpy;
cs;shl;rpj; Njh;jy;fspy; ntw;wp
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ngw;W Ml;rpg; nghWg;GfisAk;
tfpj;J tUfpd;wdh;.
,yq; if> kNyrpah> rpq; fg; g+h; .
349) ,e; jpahtpy; kl; Lky; yhky; > rpq; fg; g+h; >
nkhhprpaR Mfpa ehLfspy; _____
ahf jkpoh; Njh; e; njLf; fg; gl; Ls; sdh; .
FbauRj; jiyth; uhf
350) cynfq; Fk; thOk; jkpoh; fs;
jq;fsJ gz;ghl;L milahsq;
fis kwthky; ,Ug; gJ vJ?
jkp od; vd; Nwh ,dKz; L>
jdpNa mtw;nfhU FzKz;L.
351) jpU tpohf;fspy; _____ vLg; gJk;
_____ ,Og; gJk; ,d; Wk;
eilngWfpwJ.
fhtb> Njh;
jp U.tp .fyp ahzRe; jdhhp d;
jkpo; g; gzp
(Jizg; ghlk; )
352) jp U.tp .fyp ahzRe; judhh; jkJ
jq; F jilaw; w Nkilg; Ngr; rhYk;
,ay; ghd nkhopeilahYk; jkpiog;
gl; bnjhl; bfs; vy; yhk; gug; gpj;
_____ vdg; Nghw; wg; gl; l ngUe; jifah; .
jkpo; j; njd; wy;
353) gpwg; Gk; > fy; tpAk;
jpU.tp.fypahz Re;judhh;
Ch; - nrd; idf; F mUNfAs; s Js; sk;
ngw; Nwhh; - tpUj; jhrydhh; - rpd; dk; ik
gpwe;j ehs; - 26.08.1883
gs;sp -- nrd;id ,uhag;Ngl;il
apYs; s nt]; yp gs; spapy; gbj; jhh; .
354) jpU.fypahzRe; judhh; cly; eyf;
Fiwtpdhy; ,ilepd; W _____
Mz; L ,ilntsp f; Fg; gp wF
kPz;Lk; mNj gs;spapy; Nrh;e;jhh;.
ehd; F Mz; L
355) ahhp lk; jkp o; gap d; W jkp o; g;
Nguhrphpauhf cah;e;jhh;?
fjpiu Ntyh;
356) jpU. fypahzRe; judhh; vij fw; gjpy;
Nguhh;tq; nfhz;lhh;?
,yf; fpaq; fisAk; irt rpj; jhe; j
rhj; jp uq; fis
357) vq; Fk; jkp o; > vjp Yk; jkp o;
vd; gjid KO %r; rhff; nfhz; L
tlnkhopr; nrhw; fs; fythky;
J}a jkpopNyNa NgrTk; vOjTk;
Ntz; Lk; vd typAWj; jpath; ahh; ?
jpU.tp.fypahz Re; judhh;
358) jpU.tp. fypahz Re; judhh; jkpio
tsh; f; f vij ntWf; f Ntz; Lk;
vd;fpwhh;?
gp wnkhop ia
359) fhe; jp abfs; jkp ofk; te; j
Nghnjy; yhk; mtuJ Nkilg;
Ngr;rpid nkhop ngah;j;jth; ahh;?
jpU.tp.fypahz Re; judhh;
360) _____ eil vd; Nw xU jdp
eilia eilKiwg; gLj; Jk; ,tH
NgRtJ NghyNt vOJtJ>
vOJtJ NghyNt NgRtJ vd; Dk;
Kaw;rpapy; ,th; ntw;wp fz;lth;
ahh; ?
jp U.tp .f.eil
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361) jpU.tp.f.> nty;YQ;nrhy; ,d;ik
awpe; J czh; r; rpr; nrhw; fisf;
Nfhj; Jf; _____ NgRtjpy; ty; yth; .
Nfl; lhh; g; gpzpf; Fk; jifatha; f;
NfshUk; tpUk; Gk; tz; zk;
362) jpU.tp.f tha; j; j nkhopeil kiy
vdj; jkpOyfpy; Xq;fp cah;e;
Js;sJ vdf; $wpath; ahh;?
nj.ngh. kPdhl; rp Re; judhh;
363) ciueil E}y; fs; (Fwpg; G)
KUfd; my;yJ moF> irtj;
jpwT> irtj; jpd; rkurk; > flTl;
fhl; rpAk; jhAkhdtUk; > ,uhkypq; f
Rthkpfs; jpUTs; sk; > jkpo; ehLk;
ek;kho;thUk;> ehad;khh; tuyhW
jkpo; E}y; fspy; ngsj; jk; > fhjyh?
Kbah? rPHjpUj;jkh? vd; fld;
gzpnra;J fplg;gNj> ,e;jpahTk;
tp LjiyAk; > jkp o; r; Nrhiy>
cs;nshsp vd;gd ,th; ,aw;wpa
,d;d gpw ciueil E}y;fs;.
364) nra;As; E}y;fs;:-
KUfd; mUs;Ntl;ly;> jpUkhy;
mUs; Ntl; ly; > fpwpj; Jtpd; mUs;
Ntl; ly; > mUfd; mUNf> chpik
Ntl; ly; > nghJik Ntl; ly; >
nghUSk; mUSk; my; yJ
khh; f; rpaKk; fhe; jpaKk; Mfpad
,tuJ nra;As; E}y;fs;.
365) ve; j ,jo; fsp d; thap yhfj;
njhopyhsh; Kd; Ndw; wk; ngwg;
ghLgl;lth;?
Njr gf;jd;> etrf;jp
366) jpU.tp.f. vOgJ tajhfp fly;
jsh; e; J gLf; ifapy; ,Ue; j NghJk;
tsh; r; rp Ak; tho; Tk; my; yJ
gLf; ifg; gpjw; wy; vd; Dk; E}iy
ahUila cjtpAld; ntspapl; lhh; ?
K.tujuhrdhhp d;
367) jpU.tp.ftpd; kidtpapd; ngah;
vd;d?
fkyhk; gpif mk; ikahiu
368) jpU.tp.f ve; j Mz; L jkpo; %r; Rf; F
tpilj;je;jhh;?
1953 Mk; Mz; L nrg; lk; gh;
jpq; fs; gjpNdohk; ehs; jkJ
vOgj; Njhuk; tajpy; ,we; jhh; .
tohepiy> tO> tOtikjp
(,yf; fzk; )
369) tohepiy vd; why; vd; d?
,yf; fz Kiwg; gb Fw; wkpy; yhJ
NgRtJk; vOJtJk; tohepiy
vdg; gLk; .
370) tohepiy vj;jid tifg;gLk;?
mit ahit?
tohepiy MW tifg; gLk;
mit:
1. jp iz tohep iy> 2. ghy;
tohepiy> 3. ,l tohepiy> 4.
fhy tohepiy> 5. tpdh tohepiy>
6. tpil tohepiy.
371) tOepiy vd;why; vd;d?
,yf; fz Kiwapd; wpg; NgRtJk;
vOJtJk; tO vdg;gLk;.
372) tO vj; jid tifg; gLk; ? mit
ahit?
tO VO tifg;gLk;
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mit:
1. jpiz tO> 2. ghy; tO> 3.
,l tO> 4. fhy tO> 5. tpdh
tO> 6. tpil tO> 7. kuG tO.
373) tohepiy MW tiffspd; (v.fh)
1. jpiz tohepiy -nry; tpghbdhs; >
khLte;jJ
2. ghy; tohepiy - fz; zd; te; jhd; >
eha;XbaJ
3. ,l tohepiy - ehd; te;Njd;>
eP tUtha;
4. fhy tohepiy - ehis tUNtd; >
New;Wg; gbj;Njd;
5. tpdh tohepiy - jkpo; ,yf; fzk;
vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
6. tpil tohepiy - jkpo; ehl; bd;
jiyefuk; vJ? vd; w tpdhTf; Fr;
nrd; id vd tpilaspj; jy;
374) tOepiy VO tiffspd; (v.fh)
jUf?
1. jpiz tO - vd; khkh te; jJ
2. ghy; tO -- fz;zfp te;jhd;
3. ,l tO -- ehq;fs; te;jhh;fs;
4. fhy tO - fhpfhyd; ehis
te;jhd;
5. tpdh tO - Kl; ilapl; lJ
Nrtyh ngl;ilah?
6. tpil tO - ehis gs;sp
jpwf; fg; gLkh?
7. kuG tO - eha; fj;Jk;
375) tOtikjp vd; why; vd; d?
,yf; fz Kiwg; gb Fw; wKilaJ
vdpDk; > ,yf; fz Mrphpah; fshy;
Fw; wkd; W vd; W Vw; Wf;
nfhs; sg; gLtJ tOtikjp
MFk;.
376) tOtikjpapd; rhd;W:-
jpiz tOtikjp
fhy tOtikjp
377) tO - gpio> jtW> Fw; wk;
toh epiy - gpioapd; ik> jtwpapd; ik
tOtikjp - gpio - Mdhy;
gpioahff; nfhs; shik.
378) gpioiaj; jpUj; jp vOJf:-
1. jk; gp New; W te; jhs; -- jk; gp
New;W te;jhd;
2. vUJ tz; bia ,Oj; jd - vUJ
tz;bia ,Oj;jJ.
3. khzth; Njh;T vOjpdhd; --
khzth; Njh;T vOjpdh;.
4. mtd; khztd; my;y - mtd;
khztd; my;yd;.
5. cilfs; fpope;J tpl;lJ -
cilfs; fpope;J tpl;ld.
6. vq; f@hpy; xU Gyth; tho; e; jdh;
- vq; f@hpy; Gyth; xUth; tho; e; jhh; .
379) ctik vd; why; vd; d?
ctik vd;gJ> xU nghUis
my; yJ ep fo; it kw; nwhU
nghUNshL my;yJ epfo;NthL
xg; Gikg; gLj; JtJ.
380) cUtfk; vd;why; vd;d?
ftpQh; > jhk; fUjpa nghUisAk;
xg; Gikg; nghUisAk; (ctik
iaAk; ) ntt;NtW vdf; $whky; >
,uz; Lk; xd; nwdf; $WtJ
cUtfk; .
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381) ctik cUtf khw; wk; :-
ctik - cUtfk;
jhkiu Kfk; - Kfj; jhkiu
Njd;nkhop - nkhopj;Njd;
gtstha; - tha;g;gtsk;
Kj; Jg; gy; - gy; Kj; J
382) mbr; nrhy; ypypUe; J nrhw; fis
cUthf; Fjy;
1. th - mbr;nrhy;
2. te; jhd; - tpidKw; W
3. te;j - nganur;rk;
4. te;J - tpidnar;rk;
5. tUjy; - njhopw;ngah;
6. gb - mbr;nrhy;
7. gbj; jhd; - tpidKw; W
8. gbj;j - nganur;rk;
9. gbj;J - tpidnar;rk;
10. gbj; jy; - njhopw; ngah;
383) gpio eP f; fp vOJjy; :-
xUth; NgRk; NghJ vOJk;
NghJk; gp ioap d; wp g; NgrTk;
vOjTk; Ntz; Lk; . Ngr; rpy; my; yJ
vOj; jpy; gpioapUg; gpd; nghUs;
kaf;fk; Vw;gLk;. vdNt> nrhw;
fspYk; njhlh; fspYk; gpiotuhky;
fhj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
384) tOcr; nrhw;fs; vd;why; vd;d?
Ngr; R tof; Fr; nrhw; fis mg; gbNa
vOj; jpy; nfhz; L tUtJ jtW.
mt; thW vOJtjid tOcr;
nrhw; fs; vdf; $Wth; . mtw; Wf;
Fhpa vOj; J tof; Fr; nrhw; fis
vOJtNj Kiw.
385) tOcr; nrhw;fisj; jpUj;Jf:-
gpio jpUj; jk;
1. mlkio _____
2. mhpthkiz _____
3. mtuf;fha; _____
4. jtf; fis _____
5. rpyT _____
6. jhthuk; _____
7. RLjz; zp _____
8. vz; iz _____
9. xl; liw _____
10. fTW _____
11. gr;rjz;zp _____
12. eQ;ir _____
386) jkpo; r; nrhy; mwpNthk; :-
gpwnkhopr; nrhw; fs; - jkpo; r; nrhw; fs;
1. mq; fj; jpdh; _____
2. mh; j; jk; _____
3. myq; fhuk; _____
4. Muk; gk; _____
5. tpQ;Qhdk; _____
6. jP gk; _____
7. Fk;ghgpN\fk; _____
8. rhtp _____
9. rhpj;jpuk; _____
10. rgjk; _____
11. rhjk; _____
12. ngsj; jphp _____
mwpf:
1. One doth the act, another hath the blow
1. gop Xhplk; ghtk; Xhplk;.
2. Every fox must at last pay his skin to the
flayer
2. gy ehs; jp Uld; > xUehs;
mfg;gLthd;.
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3. Money makes many things
3. gzk; gj; Jk; nra; Ak; .
4. The day has eyes, the night has ears
4. gfypy; gf;fk; ghh;j;Jg; NgR>
,utpy; mJTk; NgrhNj
5. What comes from the cradle goes to the
grave
5. njhl; by; gof; fk; RLfhL kl; Lk; .
,ay; MW - nra; As;
ckh; fa; ahk; ghly; fs;
388) nrhw;nghUs; :-
1. gfh;tJ - nrhy;tJ
2. njsptPNu - njspAq;fs;
3. Jt;th - Efuhj
4. mfd;W - tpyfp
5. Mop - fly;
1. Nehf;fp - tpidnar;rk;
2. Jt; th tp lk; - <Wnfl; l
ftp kzp Njrp f tp ehafdhh;
fd; dpahFkhp khtl; lj; jpYs; s
Nj&hpy; gpwe; jth; . ,thpd; ngw; Nwhh;
rptjhZ - Mjpyl; Rkp mk; ikahh; .
,th; ckh;fa;ahk; ghly;fisj;
jkpopy; nkhopahf; fk; nra; Js; shh; .
mg; ghly; fsp d; njhFg; G
ckh; fa; ahk; ghly; fs; vd; gJ
ckh; fa; ahk; gjpNdhuhk; E}w; whz; by;
tho; e; j ghurP ff; ftpQh; . ,tuJ
KOg; ngah; fpahJjP d; mGy; ghj;
ckh; fa; ahk; vd; gJ. ,th; fzpjk; >
thdtpay; Mfpatw;wpy; Gyik
kpf; fth; . ,thpd; ftpijfs; kf; fs;
milAk; ,d; g Jd; gq; fisAk; >
,iwtdJ gilg; igAk; ghL
nghUshff; nfhz; lit.
,th; ,aw;wpa gpw E}y;fs;:-
kyUk; khiyAk; > kUkf; fs; top
khd; kpak; > Foe; ijr; nry; tk; >
Mrpa N[hjp Kjypad ,tuJ
fhyk; 1876 Kjy; 1954 Mk; Mz; L
tiu.
391) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
,e; E}y; ,k; ik kWik gw; wp &ghaj;
vd; Dk; ngahpy; ckh; fa; ahk;
vOjp a nra; As; fsp d; nkhop
ngah; g; G. ,jidNa ftp kzp
nkhopngah; j; Js; shh; . ,jpy; E}w; Wg;
gjpide; J ghly; fs; cs; sd.
tho; f; ifj; jj; Jtj; ij ,g; ghly; fs;
tpsf; Ffpd; wd.
392) epug;Gf:-
1. md; G nra; apd; mayhUk; mz; b
neUq;Fk; _____
cwtp duhk;
2. Jd; g Nehia eP f; fpL Nky; ____
mKjhFk; .
Jt; thtp lKk;
3. Vioahfp vspathpd; _____
Ntz; Lklh.
Vsp adhf
kzp Nkfiy
rPj; jiyr; rhj; jdhh;
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393) kzp Nkfiy vd; w gh liy
,aw;wpath; ahh;?
rPj; jiyr; rhj; jdhh; .
394) NfhtyDf; Fk; khjtpf; Fk; gpwe; j
kfs; ahh;?
kzp Nkfiy
395) ahUila cjtp ahy; > mKj
Rugpiag; ngw; Wg; Gfhh; efiu
kzpNkfiy milfpwhs; .
jPtjp yifap d;
396) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. Mak; - Njhopah; $l;lk;
2. Mrdk; - ,Uf;if
3. ehj; njhiy tpy; iy - nrhy;
Nrhh;tpd;ik
4. ahf; if - clk; G
5. gpzpNeha; - ePq;fh Neha;
6. Ngijik - mwpahik
7. nra;if - ,Utpid
8. czh;T - mwptpay; rpe;jid
9. mU - cUtkw;wJ
10. cU - tbtk;
11. thapy; - Ik; nghwpfs;
12. CW - Gyd;fspd; ,ay;G
13. Efh;T - ,d;g Jd;g Efh;r;rp
14. Ntl;if - tpUg;gk;
15. gtk; - gad; Nehf;fpa nray;
16. Njhw; wk; - gpwg; G
17. ngUk;NgW - tPLNgW
18. NfhL - nfhk;G
19. myfpy - mstw; w
20. njhf; f tpyq; F - tpyq; Fj; njhFjp
21. fsT - jpUl; L
22. fhkj;jP - fhknkDk; nfhba
tpUg; gk;
23. ciyah clk; G - jsuhj cly;
24. Fwis - Gwk; NgRjy;
25. nt/fy; - tpUk; Gjy;
26. ntFsy; - rpdj;jy;
27. nghy; yhf; fhl; rp - khaj; Njhw; wk;
28. jhdk; - nfhil
29. GiujP h; - Fw; wk; jP h; e; j
30. Nfz;kpd; - NfSq;fs;
31. Kj;Njh; eif - Kj;Jr; rphpg;G
32. ca; k; kp d; - Nghw; Wq; fs;
ew; fjpailAq; fs;
33. ciwjy; - jq; Fjy;
34. $w; W - vkd;
35. khrpy; - Fw; wkw; w
36. njhOJ - tzq; fp
37. Gf;F - GFe;J
38. ,lh; - ,d;dy;
39. rPyk; - xOf;fk;
1. NjtpAk; MaKk; - vz; Zk; ik
2. mUe;jth;> et;tpid - gz;Gj;
njhiffs;
3. tho; f - tpaq; Nfhs; tpidKw; W
4. nra; jtk; > tP o; fjph; - tpidj;
njhifs;
5. ngUk; NgW - gz; Gj; njhif
6. Mo; euF - tpidj; njhif
7. njspjy; - njhopw; ngah; fs;
8. gy;Yaph;> ey;tpid> jPtpid>
Nghpd;gk; - gz;Gj; njhiffs;
9. Ma;njhb ey;yha; - ,uz;lhk;
Ntw; Wik cUGk; gaDk;
cld;njhf;f njhif.
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10. fhkj; jP - cUtfk;
11. fLQ; nrhy; - gz; Gj; njhif
12. nghy;yhf; fhl;rp - <Wnfl;l
13. gad; njhpGyth; -- tpidj; njhif
14. miurd; - ,ilg;Nghyp
15. ey; ywk; - gz; Gj; njhif
1. vOe;njjph; - vOe;J + vjph;
2. mwpTz; lhf - mwpT + cz; lhf
3. ehf; njhiytpy; iy - eh +
njhiyT + ,y; iy
4. gpzp NehAw; Nwhh; - gpzp + Neha;
+ cw;Nwhh;
5. ,ay;gPuhW - ,ay;G + ,uz; L
+ MW
6. ed; nkhop - ed; ik + nkhop
7. vdf;fplh; - vdf;F + ,lh;
8.njhONjj;jp - njhOJ + Vj; jp
9. cz;nld;W - cz;L + vd; W
10. ey; ywk; -- ed; ik + mwk;
1. gpwe; jhh; -- gpw + j; (e; ) + j; + Mh;
gpw - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - e; MdJ tpfuhk;
2. mwpFth; - mwp + F + t; + mh;
mwp - gFjp
F - rhhpia
3. Njhd; Wth; - Njhd; W + t; + mh;
Njhd; W - gFjp
4. glh;Fth; - glh; + F + t; + mh;
glh; - gFjp
F - rhhpia
mh; - gyh; ghy; tpidKw; W
5. cz; Fth; - cz; + F + t; + mh;
cz; - gFjp
F - rhhpia
mh; - gyh; ghy; tpidKw; W
400) Ik; ngUq; fhg; gpaq; fs;
rp yg; gjp fhuk;
kzp Nkfiy
rPtf rpe; jhkzp
tisahgjp
Fz; lyNfrp
$ythzpfd; rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhh;
,aw;wpaJ kzpNkfiy. rhj;jd;
vd;gJ ,tuJ ,aw;ngah;. ,th;>
jpUr; rpuhg; gs; spiar; rhh; e; j rP j; jiy
vd; Dk; Chpy; gpwe; J kJiuapy;
tho;e;jth;. $ythzpfk; ($yk; -
jhdpak; ) nra; jth; . ,f; fhuzq; fsp
dhy;> ,th; kJiuf; $ythzpfd;
rP j; jiyr; rhj; jdhh; vd; W toq; fg;
ngw; whh; . ,sq; NfhtbfSk; ,tUk;
rkfhyj; jtuhth; . ,th; filr; rq; fg;
Gyth; fSs; xUth; . jz; lkp o;
Mrhd;> rhj;jd; ed;D}w; Gytd;
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vd; W ,sq; Nfhtbfs; rhj; jdiug;
ghuhl; bAs; shh; . ,tuJ fhyk; fp.gp
,uz; lhk; E}w; whz; L vd; gh; .
402) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
kzpNkfiy> Ik; ngUq; fhg; gpaq;
fSs; xd; W. rpyg; gjpfhuKk; kzp
NkfiyAk; ntt;NtW E}y;fshap
Dk; xNu fijj; njhlh;Gilad.
vdNt ,it ,ul; ilf; fhg; gpaq; fs;
vd toq; fg; ngWk; . kzpNkfiyapd;
JwT tho; f; ifiaf; $Wtjhy; >
,e; E}Yf; F kzpNkfiyj; JwT
vd; Dk; NtW ngaUk; cz; L.
,e;E}y; nrhw; RitAk; nghUl;
RitAk; > ,aw; if tUzidfSk;
epiwe; jJ. ngsj; j kjr; rhh; Gil
aJ@ Kg; gJ fijfisf; nfhz; lJ.
Kg; gJ fhijfSs; > ghlg; gFjpahd
MGj; jpud; ehL mile; j fhij
,Ugj;J ehd;fhtJ fhij.
403) ep ug; Gf:-
1. mUe; jth; f; fike; j Mrdk; ."
- ,t;tbapy; mUe; jth; vdf;
Fwpg; gplg; gLgth; _____
mwtzbfs;
2. nrhy;ypy; Vw;gLk; Fw;wq;fs;
_____
nrhy;
3. kdj; jpy; Njhd; Wk; Fw; wq; fs;
_____
Nguth> fLQ; rpdk; > njsptpyh mwpT
4. kWgp wg; G czh; e; jtshff;
Fwpg; gplg; gLgts; _____
kzp Nkfiy
404) nghUj;Jf:
m) Mak; - tpUg;gk;
M) ntFsy; - Fw; wk; eP q; fpa
,) GiujP h; - Gwq; $wy;
<) Fwis - rpdj; jy;
c) Ntl;if - Njhopah; $l;lk;
tpil:
czNt kUe; J(ciueil)
405) kdpjdpd; mbg; gilj; NjitfSs;
Kjd; ikahdJ vJ?
czT
406) jkpoh; kUj; Jtj; jpy; czT vd; gJ
midj; J Neha; fisAk; jP h; f; ff; $ba
vt; tif kUe; jhff; fUjg; gLfpwJ?
rQ; rPtp
407) grpapd; nfhLikiag; grpg;gpzp
vd; Dk; ghtp vd; wJ _____ fhg; gpak; .
kzpNkfiyf; fhg; gpak;
408) cz; b nfh Lj; Njh h ; cap h ;
nfhLj;NjhNu vdf; $wpaJ ahh;?
GwehD}Wk; > kzpNkfiyAk;
409) jp Uf; Fwsp y; kUe; J vd; Dk;
mjpfhuj;jpy; czNt kUe;jhFk;
jd; ikiaj; njspthf vLj; Jiuj;
jth; ahh;?
jp Uts; Sth;
410) Kd; cz; lJ nrhpj; jJ fz; L
cz;ghh;f;F kUe;Jz;Zk; Njit
Vw; glhJ vd; gJ ahUila thf; F.
ts; Sth;
411) eP hpd; wikahJ cyF vdf; $wpath; .
ts; Sth;
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173
412) kPJ}z; tpUk;Ngy; vd;wth;
xsitahh;
413) cliyf; fhj; jypd; Njitia
typAWj;jpath; ahh;?
jpU%yUk;
414) mWRitapd; gad;fs;
1. ,dpg; G - tsk; >
2. Jth; g; G - Mw; wy;
3. ifg; G - nkd; ik
4. fhh;g;G - czh;T
5. cth; g; G - njspT
6. Gspg; G - ,dpik
415) epug;Gf:-
1. grpg;gpzpf;F czNt _____
kUe; J
2. Neha;f;F Kjy; fhuzk; _____
cg; G
Neha; ePf; Fk; %ypiffs;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
416) fP o; f; fha; ney; yp vd; W vg; gb
Fwpg;gpLth;
fPohney; yp> fPo; tha; ney; yp
417) J}Jtisapd; NtW ngah;fs;?
rpq; fty; yp> J}Jis
418) Qhdg; gr; rp iy vd ts; syhh;
Nghw; Wk; ,t; tpiy vij Nkk; gLj; Jk;
Fuy; tsj; ij
419) fhpryhq; fz; zpf; F NtW ngah; fs; ?
fh p rh iy> ifah e; jfiu >
gpUq; fuhrk; > Njfuhrk;
420) Jsrp nrb ve; j Neh ia
Fzkhf;Fk;?
khh; Gr; rsp> eP h; f; Nfhit> jiytyp
421) fPoh ney;ypr; nrb ve;j Nehia
Fzkhf;Fk;?
kQ; rl; fhkhiy
422) J}Jtis ve; j Nehia Fzkhf; Fk; ?
Rthrfhrk; mfYk;
423) Fg; igNkdp ve; j Nehia Fzkhf; Fk; ?
gLf;ifg; Gz;> rpuq;F ePq;Fk;
424) KUq; if fP iu ve; j Nehia
Fzkhf;Fk;?
Khpe;j vYk;G tpiutpy; $Lk;>
fz; ghh; it xOq; FgLj; Jk; >
cliy tYthf; Fk; > $e; jiy
tsur; nra; Ak;
425) fhp ryhq; fz; zp ve; j Nehia
Fzkhf;Fk;?
eiuiag; Nghf; Fk; > kQ; rs;
fhkhiy
426) kzpj; jf; fhspf; fP iu ve; j Nehia
Fzkhf;Fk;?
th a; g; Gz; > Flw; Gz; izf;
Fzkhf; Fk; .
427) ty; yhiuf; fP iu ve; j Nehia
Fzkhf;Fk;?
epidthw; wy; ngUFk;
nghUs; Nfhs; (,yf; fzk; )
428) nghUs;Nfhs; vd;why; vd;d?
xU nra; Aspy; cs; s rP h; fisNah
mbfisNah nghUs; czh; Tf; F
Vw; w tifap y; mikj; Jf;
nfhs; Sk; Kiwiag; nghUs;
Nfhs; vdg; gLk; .
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174
429) nghUs; Nfhs; vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
vl; L tifg; gLk;
1. Mw;W ePh;g; nghUs;Nfhs;
2. nkhop khw;Wg; nghUs;Nfhs;
3. epuy; epiwg; nghUs;Nfhs;
4. tpw; g+l; Lg; nghUs; Nfhs;
5. jhg; gpirg; nghUs; Nfhs;
6. miskwpghg; Gg; nghUs; Nfhs;
7. nfhz; L $l; Lg; nghUs; Nfhs;
8. mbkwp khw; Wg; nghUs; nfhs;
430) Mw;W ePh;g; nghUs;Nfhs; vd;why;
vd;d?
,ilawhJ nry; Yk; Mw; W
eP iug; Nghyg; ghlypd; nrhw; fs;
Kd; gpd; khwhJ NeNu nrd; W
nghUs; nfhs; tJ Mw; W ePh; g;
nghUs; NfhshFk; .
431) nkhopkhw; Wg; nghUs; Nfhs; vd; why;
vd;d?
XubAs; cs; s nrhw; fis> mit
jUk; nghUSf;F Vw;g khw;wpf;
$Wjy; nkh op kh w; Wg;
nghUs;Nfhs; vd toq;fg;gLk;.
432) epuy; epiwg; nghUs; Nfhs; vd; why;
vd;d?
nra; Aspy; ,Uf; fpd; w nrhw; fis
Kiw khwhky; thp irahf
mikj; Jg; nghUs; nfhs; tJ
epuy; epiwg; nghUs; Nfhs; MFk; .
433) tpw;g+l;Lg; nghUs;Nfhs; vd;why;
vd;d?
tp y; yp d; ,UKidfisAk;
,izj; Jf; fl; Ljy; Nghyr;
nra; Aspd; Kjypy; mike; Js; s
nrhy; Yk; ,Wjpapy; mike; Js; s
nrhy; Yk; nghUs; glg; nghUj; JtJ
tpw; g+l; Lg; nghUs; Nfhs; .
434) tpw; g+l; Lg; nghUs; Nfhspd; NtWngah; ?
G+l; Ltpw; nghUs; Nfhs;
435) jhg;gpirg; nghUs;Nfhs; vd;why;
vd;d?
CQ; rypd; eLepd; w fapW Kd; Dk;
gpd; Dk; nrd; W tUtJ Nghyr;
nra; Aspd; eLtpy; mike; jpUf; Fk;
nrhy; > nra; Asp d; Kjyp Yk;
,Wjp ap Yk; mike; jp Uf; Fk; .
nrhw; fSld; nghUe; jpg; nghUisj;
jUtJ.
436) miskwp ghg;Gg; nghUs; Nfhs;
vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Asp d; ,Wjp ap yp Ue; J
nrhw; fis vLj; J Kjyp y;
itj; Jf; $l; bg; nghUs; nfhs; tJ.
437) nfhz; L $l; Lg; nghUs; Nfhs;
vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Aspd; gy mbfspYk; $wg;
gl; Ls; s nrhw; fisg; nghUSf; F
Vw; gf; $l; bg; nghUs; nfhs; tJ
nfhz; L $l; Lg; nghUs; Nfhs; .
438) mbkwp khw; Wg; nghUs; Nfhs;
vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Aspd; vy; yh mbfisAk;
Kd; gp d; dhf khw; wp g; nghUs;
nfhz; lhYk; nghUSk; XirAk;
rpijahky; tUtJ.
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175
439) fP o; f; fhZk; ghliy epiwT nra; f:-
1. ghl; Lf; F moF _____
nghUs;
2.gfYf; F moF _____
ntsp r; rk;
3. tP jpf; F moF _____
J}a; ik
4. ePjpf;F moF _____
Neh; ik
5. tP l; Lf; F moF _____
tp Ue; J
6. fhl; Lf; F moF _____
kuq; fs;
440) jkpo; gonkhopia mwpf:-
1. The wise and the fool have their follows
,dk; ,dj;NjhL NrUk;
2. He who has an art has every where a part
fw;Nwhh;f;Fr; nrd;w ,lnky;yhk;
rpwg;G
3. Being on the sea. Sail being on the land.
settled
fhyj;jpw;Nfw;w Nfhyk; nfhs;
4. No rains no grains
khhpay;yJ fhhpak; ,y;iy
5. Bad words find bad acceptance
EzYk; jd; thahw; nfLk;
,ay; VO - nra; As;
jp Uf; Fws;
441) nrhw;nghUs;:-
1. fld; - flik
2. rhd;Nwhh; - ey;y Fzq;fs;
epiwe; jth;
3. ehz; - ehzk;
4. xg; GuT - cjTjy;
5. fz;Nzhl;lk; - caph;fsplj;J
,uf; fk;
6. tha; ik - cz; ik
7. rhy;G - rhd;whz;ik
8. Mw;Wthh; - nray; nra;gth;
9. Mw; wy; - typik
10. khw; whh; - gifth;
11. Jiyay; yhh; - Mw; wyp d;
Fiwe; jth;
12. fl; lis - ciufy;
13. ,d;dh - jPq;F
14. ,dpa - ed;ik
15. nra;ahf;fhy; - nra;ahtplj;J
16. ,d; ik - tWik
17. ,sptd;W - ,opthdjd;W
18. jpz; ik - typik
19. Cop - cyfk;
20. Mop - fly;
21. ,Uepyk; - nghpa epyk;
22. nghiw - Rik
1. vd; g - gyh; ghy; tpidkw; W
2. Nkw; nfhs; gth; - tpidahyiz
Ak; ngah;
3. cs;sJ}ck; - ,d;dpiras
ngil
4. md; W - Fwpg; G tpidKw; W
5. fz;Nzhl;lk; - njhopw;ngah;
6. nfhy; yh eyj; jJ> nrhy; yh
eyj;jJ - <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg;
nganur;rk;.
7. gzpjy; - njhopw; ngah;
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176
8. Mw;Wthh;> khw;whh; - tpidahy
izAk; ngah;
9. ,d; ik> jpz; ik - gz; Gg; ngah; fs;
10. rhd;wth; - tpidahyizAk;
ngah;
11. ,Uepyk; - chpr;nrhw;nwhlh;
12. kd;> X - mirr;nrhw;fs;
1. mwpe; J - mwp + j; (e; ) + j; + c
mwp - gFjp
j; - re; jp
j; - e; MdJ tpfhuk;
c - tpidnar;r tpFjp
2. Mw; Wthh; - Mw; W + t; + Mh;
Mw; W - gFjp
3. gzpjy; - gzp + jy;
gzp - gFjp
444) gphpj; jwpjy;
m) xUtw;F - xUtd; + F
M) ,sptd;W - ,spT + md; W
,) rhy; ngd; Dk; - rhy; G + vd; Dk;
445) epug;Gf:-
1) ew;Fzq;fshy; rpwe;jpUj;jy;
_____ ngUikahFk;.
rhd; Nwhhp d;
2) jtk; vd; gJ _____
gpw caph; fisf; nfhy; yhikNa
3) Njhy;tpia xg;Gf; nfhs;tNj
rhd; whz; ikia mse; jwp Ak;
_____
ciufy;
4. khw; whh; vd; Dk; nrhy; ypd; nghUs;
_____
gifth;
5. jP q; fpioj; jth; f; Fk; _____ nra; a
Ntz; Lk; .
ed; ikNa
446) nghUj;Jf
m) ,d; ik - tWik
M) jpz; ik - typik
,) Mop - fly;
<) Nehd;ik - jtk;
,d;gk; - Rujh
447) goe; jkp o; fw; wy; ,d; gk; - - -
,g;ghlypd; Mrphpah; ahh;?
Rujh
448) nrhw;nghUs; jUf:-
1. ,ir gl - GfOld;
2. fath; - fPo;f;FzKilNahh;
1. fsph; f; if - ctikj; njhif
2. goe; jkpo; > rpw; wpdk; > ngUq; Fzk;
- gz; Gj; njhiffs;
3. toq; fp - tpidnar; rk;
4. fw; wy; > ngWjy; > tho; jy; -
njhopw;ngah;fs;
450) Mrphpah; Fwpg; G
ctikf; ftp Qh ; Ru jh tp d;
,aw;ngah; ,uhrNfhghyd;. ,th;
jp Uth &h ; kh tl; lj; jp Ys; s
gioaD}hpy; 23.11.1921 md; W
gpwe;jhh;. ngw;Nwhh; jpUNtq;flk; -
- nrz;gfk; Mth;.
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ghNte; jh; ghujpjhrd; kP J nfhz; l
gw; Wf; fhuzkhfj; jk; ngaiur;
Rg; Guj; jp djhrd; vd khw; wp f;
nfhz;lhh;. mjd; RUf;fNk Rujh
Mapw; W.
Njd; kio> JiwKfk; > RtUk;
Rz;zhk;Gk; Rujhtpd; ftpijfs;
Kjyhd ftp ij E} y; fis
,aw; wpAs; shh; . Njd; kio vd; Dk;
ftpij E}y; > jkpof murpd; jkpo;
tsh; r; rpj; Jiw toq; Fk; rpwe; j
E}Yf;fhd ghpirg; ngw;Ws;sJ.
jkpof ,aypir ehlf kd; wj; jpd;
fiy khkzpg; gl; lj; ijAk; > jkpof
murpd; ghNte;jh; tpUijAk; ,th;
ngw;Ws;shh;.
451) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
Njd; kio E}ypy; ,aw; ifnaopy;
Kjyhf Muha; r; rp <whfg; gjpdhW
gFjpfshff; ftpijfs; ,lk;
ngw; Ws; sd. mtw; Ws; > Njd; Jspfs;
vd;Dk; gFjpapy; ,g;ghly; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ.
452) ep ug; Gf:
1. Foe; ijapd; jsph; f; ifgl; l
_____ cz;gJ ,d;gk;.
$op id
2. fw; wth; Kd; jhk; fw; w _____
,d; gk; .
fy;tpiaf; $wy;
3. ntw;wpia tho;tpy; Nrh;f;Fk;
_____ ,d;gk;.
tpidgy Ghpjy;
4. _____ NruhJ tho;jy; ,d;gk;.
rpw; wpdf; fatNuhL
ngUe; jiyth; fhkuhrh;
(ciueil)
453) jd; dykw; w jiyth; @ fh; k tP uh; @
fy;tpf; fz; jpwe;j Kjy;th; ahh;?
fhkuhrh;
454) fhkuhrh; ngw;Nwhh; ahh;?
tpUJ efhpy; cs; s Fkhurhkp>
rp tfhkp
455) fhkuhrh; ve; j Mz; L> ve; j ehs;
gpwe;jhh;?
1903 Mk; Mz; L #iyj; jpq; fs;
gjpide; jhk; ehsd; W
456) jp z; izg; gs; sp ap y; jkp o;
vOj; Jfisf; fw; W> Xh; Mz; L
jkpo; ghlk; fw; wth; ahh; ?
fhkuhrh;
457) fhkuhrh; jdJ VOtajpy; Rtnuhl; b
apy; _____ vd;W vOjg;gl;bUg;
gijidf; fz; lhh; .
te; Nj khjuk;
458) fhkuhrh;> gs;sp nry;y ,ayhj
NghJk; ehs; NjhWk; ------------- gbj; Jk;
murpay; $l; lq; fspy; jiyth; fspd;
nrhw; nghop Tfisf; Nfl; Lk; >
jk; Kila murp ay; mwp it
tsh;j;Jf; nfhz;lhh;.
nra; jpj; jhs; fs;
459) nka;fz;lhd; Gj;jfr;rhiy vd;w
E}y; epiyaj; jpw; Fr; nrd; W _____>
_____> _____> Mfp Nah h p d;
tho; f; if tuyhWfisg; gbj; Jj;
jpwikahfg; NgrTk; thjk; nra; aTk;
njhlq;fpdhh;.
,nydpd; > fhpghy; b> neg; Nghypah;
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178
460) fhkuhrh; ,sikapy; ve; j fhq; fpurpy;
Nrh;e;jhh;?
Njrpa ,af; fkhd fhq; fpurpy;
461) fhkuhrh; ve; j Nghuhl; lq; fspy;
gq; F nfhz; L rpiw nrd; whh; ?
irkd; FO vjp h; g; G> cg; Gr;
rj; jp ahfp ufk; > nts; isaNd
ntsp NaW.
462) fhkuhriuf; fl; rpapd; nrayhsuhf
epakpj;jth; ahh;?
jiyth; rj; jpa%h; j; jp
463) fhkuhrh; ve;j Mz;L rl;lkd;w
cWg; gpduhfj; Nje; njLf; fg; gl; lhh; ?
1937
464) ve; j Mz; L jkpo; ehl; Lf; fhq; fpuRf;
fl; rpapd; jiytuhff; fhkuhrh;
Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;?
1939 Mk; Mz; L
465) fhq; fp uRf; fl; rp ap d; jiyth;
gjtp ap y; vj; jid Mz; Lfs;
fhkuhrh; ,Ue;jhh;?
gd; dpuz; L Mz; Lfs;
466) ve; j Mz; L ahUf; F Kjyikr; ruhfg;
gjtpNaw; gjw; Ff; fhkuhrh; fhuzkhf
,Ue;jhh;?
1945 Mk; Mz; L gpufhrk; > 1947
Mk; Mz; L Xke; J}h; ,uhkrhkp
kw; Wk; 1 9 4 9 Mk; Mz; L
Fkhurhkp
467) NeUtp d; kiwTf; Fg; gp d;
yhy; gfJ}h; rh]; jpapd; kiwTf; Fg;
gpd; ahiu Kjd;ikaikr;ruhf
Mf; Ftjw; F fhkuhrh; ngUk;
gq;fhw;wpdhh;.
,e; jpuh fhe; jp
468) fhkuhrh; vt; thW miof; fg; gl; lhh; ?
jiyth; fis cUthf; Fgth;
469) 1954 ,y; ,uh[h[p Kjyikr;rh;
gjtpapypUe; J tpyfpaJk; ahh;
mg;gjtpf;F Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;?
fhkuhrh;
470) fhkuhrh; Ml; rpf; fhyj; jpy; Kd; dhs;
FbauRj; jiyth; ahf ahh; ,Ue; J
cWJizahfg; gzpahw;wpdhh;?
Mh;. ntq;fl;uhkd; njhopyikr;
ru h fTk; > rp . Rg; gp u kzp ak;
fy; tp aikr; ruhfTk;
471) fhkuhrh; Kjyikr;ruhf ,Ue;j
fhyj; jp y; ve; j Ie; jhz; Lj;
jpl;lq;fs; epiw Ntw;wg;gl;ld?
,uz; lhtJ> %d; whtJ Ie; jhz; Lj;
jpl; lq; fs;
472) nghpa njhopw; Ngl; ilfs; vq; F
mikf; fg; gl; ld.
fp z; b> mk; gj; J}h; > ,uhzp g;
Ngl; il.
473) fhkuhrh; fhyj; jpy; ------------- ,af; fk;
Nt&d;wpaJ?
$l;LwT ,af;fk;
474) fhkuhrh; Ml;rpapy; ve;j njhopw;
rhiyfs; njhlq; fg; ngw; wd?
nea; Ntyp > ep yf; fhp r; Ruq; fj;
njhop w; rhiy> ,e; J]; jhd;
Nghl; Nlh gpypk; njhopw; rhiy>
fpz; b mWit rpfpr; irf; fUtpj;
njhopw; rhiy> rUf; fiu Miy>
Nrhlh cg; Gj; njhop w; rhiy>
rpnkz; l; njhopw; rhiy> nguk; g+h; j;
njhlh; tz; bg; ngl; bj; njhopw;
rhiy> Nkl; ^h; f; fhfpjj; njhopw;
rhiy.
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475) fhkuhrh; fhyj;jpy; ve;j fy;tp
eilKiwg; gLj; jg; gl; lJ.
fl; lhaf; fy; tp
476) gs; sp Ntiy ehs; fis vt; tsthf
fhkuhrh; cah;j;jpdhh;?
E}w; nwz; gjpypUe; J ,UE}whf
477) njhlf; fg; gs; spfspy; kjpa czTj;
jpl;lk; ahuhy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ?
fhkuhrh;
478) fhkuhrh; vj; jid khehLfs; $l; lj; ij
$l;b te;jhh;?
<uhz; Lfsp y; E}w; W Kg; gj; J
%d; W khehLfs;
479) ahuhy; cah; epiyg; gs; sp ,ytrf;
fy;tp nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ?
fhkuhrh;
480) kUj; Jtk; fy; Y}hp Kjyhd njhopw;
fy; Y} hp fsp y; gap Yk; Vio
khzth;fSf;F _____ fldspf;f
Vw; ghL nra; ag; gl; lJ.
tl; bapy; yhf; fldspf; f
481) jQ; rht+h; g; gz; izahs; ghJfhg; Gr;
rl; lj; ijj; jp Uj; jp r; rhFgb
nra; Ak; njhopyhspf; F vt; tsT
tpOf; fhL gq; F fpilf; f toptif
nra;jhh;.
mWgJ tpOf; fhL
482) epy cr; rtuk; G _____ Vf; fh; vdf;
Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ?
Kg; gJ Vf; fh;
483) ve; j Mz; L rP dg; gilnaLg; Gf; Fg;
gpd; > fhq; fpuRf; fl; rpapd; nry; thf; Fr;
rhpaj; njhlq;fpaJ.
1962 Mk; Mz; L
484) GtNdRth; efhpy; ve; j Mz; L
fhq; fpuR khehl; by; fhkuhrh; mfpy
,e;jpaf; fhq;fpuRj; jiytuhfg;
gjtpNaw;whh;?
1963 Mk; Mz; L
485) ,e;jpag; gpujkh; NeU ve;j Mz;L
fhykhdhh;?
1964
486) rh]; jphp vjph; ghuhj Kiwapy; 1966
Mk; Mz; L vq; F caphpoe; jhh; ?
jh]; fz; by;
487) fhkuhrh;> NeUtpd; kfs; ,e;jpuh
fhe; jpf; F ve; j gjtp nghUj; jkhdJ?
gpujkh; gjtp
488) fhkuhrUf; F eLtzuR _____
tpUJ mspj; Jr; rpwg; gpj; jJ.
ghuj uj; dh (,e; jpakhkzp) tpUJ
489) ehlhSkd; wj; jpy; fhkuhrh; f; F ____
rpiyia epWtpaJ?
MSau ntz; fyr; rpiyia
490) jkpof muR> fhkuhrhpd; fy;tpg;
gzpiar; rpwg;gpf;Fk; tifapy;
kJiug; gy; fiyf; fofj; jpw; F
vd;d ngah; #l;baJ?
kJiu fhkuhrh; gy; fiyf; fofk;
491) fhkuhrh; tho;e;j nrd;id ,y;yk;
_____ ,y;ykhf Mf;fg;gl;lJ?
epidT ,y; ykhf
492) fhkuhrh; muq; fk; vq; F epWtg; gl; lJ?
Njdhk; Ngl; ilapy;
493) fhkuhrh; gpwe;j ehshd #iy
gjpide; jhk; ehis Mz; LNjhWk;
_____ mwptpj; Js; sJ
fy; tp tsh; r; rpehs;
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494) fhe;jpabfs; kPJ mstw;w md;G
nfhz; l fhkuhrh; ve; j Mz; L
fhe; jp abfsp d; gp we; j ehshd
mf;Nlhgh; ,uz;lhk;ehs; ,t;Tyf
tho;it ePj;jhh;?
1975 Mk; Mz; L
,yf;fzk; - Gzh;r;rp
495) Gzh;r;rp vd;why; vd;d?
epiy nkhopapd; <Wk; tUnkhop
apd; KjYk; NrUtJ Gzh;r;rp
MFk; .
496) tpfhug; Gzh; r; rp vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
%d; W tifg; gLk; .
mit: Njhd; wy; > jphpjy; > nfLjy;
497) Njhd;wy; Gzh;r;rpf;F v.fh jUf
jkpo; + ghlk; = jkpo; g; ghlk;
498) jphpjy; Gzh;r;rpf;F v.fh jUf?
fy; + rpiy = fw; rpiy
499) nfLjy; Gzh; r; rpf; F v.fh jUf?
kuk; + Nth; = kuNth;
500) Fw; wpaYfug; Gzh; r; rp vd; why;
vd;d?
F> R> L> J> G> W Mfpa MWk;
nebyLj; Jk; ,uz; L Kjypa gy
vOj; Jfisr; rhh; e; Jk; tUk;
NghJ> jd; khj; jp iuastp y;
Fiwe; J xyp f; Fk; . ,jidf;
Fw;wpaYfuk; vd;gh;.
501) Fw; wpaypfug; Gzh; r; rp vd; why;
vd;d?
epiy nkhopapd; <W (filrp)
Fw; wpaYfukhf ,Ue; J> tUnkhop
apd; Kjy; vOj;J> a fukhf
,Ue; J GzUk; NghJ> cfuk;
,fukhfj; jp hp Ak; ,jidf;
Fw; wpaypfug; Gzh; r; rp vd; gh; .
502) Nrh;j;J vOJf:
1. fhL + Nfhop = fhl;Lf;Nfhop
2. MW + ghyk; = Mw; Wg; ghyk;
3. fpzW + jtis = fpzw; Wj; jtis
4. ehF + fbJ = ehFfbJ
5. v/J + rpwpJ = v/FrpwpJ
6. tuF + jPJ = tuFjPJ
7. Fuq;F + nghpJ = Fuq;FnghpJ
8. njs; F + rpwpJ = njs; FrpwpJ
9. njs; F + fhy; = njs; Ffhy;
10. v/F + rpWik = v/FrpWik
11. ehF + jiy = ehFjiy
12. kUe;J + ig = kUj; Jg; ig
13. ,Uk;G + Mzp = ,Ug;ghzp
14. fUk;G + tpy; = fUg;Gtpy;
15. nrk; G + Flk; = nrg; Gf; Flk; .
503) epug;Gf:
1) thio + kuk; = thiokuk;
vd; gJ ______
,ay; Gg; Gzh; r; rp
2) kuk; +Nth; = kuNth;. ,J
______
nfLjy; tpfhuk;
3) fd;W + M vd; gJ ______
vdg; GzUk; .
tpil:
504) nghUj;Jf:-
1. ,ay;Gg; Gzh;r;rp - fw;Nfhl;il
2. Njhd;wy; tpfhuk; - kuNty;
3. nfLjy; tpfhuk; - thiog; gok;
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4. jphpjy; tpfhuk; - nghd; tisay;
tpil:
505) ty; ypdk; kpFk; ,lq; fs;
m> ,> c vd; Dk; Rl; nlOj; Jfis
mLj;Jk; v vd;Dk; tpdhit
mLj; Jk; tUk; .
ty; ypdq; fshfpa f> r> j> g> kpFk; .
(v.fh) , + nrb = ,r;nrb.
506) me; j> ,e; j> ve; j> mq; F> ,q; F>
vq; F> mg; gb> ,g; gb> vg; gb vd; w
Rl; L> tpdhr; nrhw; fis mLj; J
ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
v. fh me; j + Nfh tp y; =
me; jf; Nfhtpy;
507) ,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wik tp hp ap y;
ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
(v.fh) E}iy + gb = E}iyg; gb
508) ehd; fhk; Ntw; Wik tp hp ap y;
ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
(v.fh) gzpf; F + nrd;whd; =
gzpf;Fr;nrd;whd;
509) ,uz; L> %d; W > ehd; F> Ie; jhk;
Ntw;Wik cUGk; gaDk; cld;
njhf; f njhifap y; ty; yp dk;
kpFk; .
(v.fh) kuk; + ngl;b = kug;ngl;b
510) gz; Gj; njhifapy; ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
( v. fh ) gr; ir + fp sp =
gr; irf; fpsp
511) ,Unganuhl; Lg; gz; Gj; njhifapy
ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
(v.fh) ky; ypif +g+ = ky; ypifg; g+
512) ctikj; njhifapy; ty;ypdk;
kpFk;
(v.fh) kyh; + fz; = kyh;f;fz;
513) XnuOj; J xU nkhopapd; gpd;
ty; ypdk; kpFk;
(v.fh) g+ + $il = g+f;$il.
514) <Wnfl; l vjph; kiwg; nganur; rj; jpd;
gpd; ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
(v.fh) Xlh+ Fjpiu = Xlhf; Fjpiu
515) td;njhlh; Fw;wpaYfuj;jpd; gpd;
ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
(v.fh) gj; J + ghl; L = gj; Jg; ghl; L
516) l> w xw; W ,ul; bf; Fk; caph; > neby;
njhlh;f; Fw;wpaYfuq;fspd; gpd;
ty; ypdk; kpFk;
(v.fh) ehL + gw; W = ehl; Lg; gw; W
517) Kw;wpaYfuj;jpd; gpd; ty;ypdk;
kpFk;
(v.fh) jpU + Fws; = jpUf;Fws;
518) rhy> jt Kjypa chpr; nrhw; fspd;
gpd; ty; ypdk; kpFk; .
(v. fh) rhy + Ngrp dhd; =
rhyg;Ngrpdhd;
519) Ma; > vd> ,dp> Mf Kjypa
,ilr; nrhw;fspd; gpd; ty;ypdk;
kpFk; .
(v.fh) ,dp + fhz; Nghk; =
,dpf; fhz; Nghk; .
520) ty;ypdk; kpfh ,lq;fs;:
mJ> ,J> mit> ,it vDk;
Rl;Lr; nrhw;fspd; gpd;Dk; vJ>
vit vDk; tp dhr; nrhw; fsp d;
gpd; Dk; ty; ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v.fh) mJ + gwe; jJ = mJ
gwe; jJ.
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521) M> V> X vDk; tpdh vOj; Jfspd;
gpd; ty;ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v. fh) mtdh+ nrd; whd; =
mtdh nrd;whd;
522) vOtha; j; njhlhp y; ty; yp dk;
kpfhJ.
(v.fh) kyh; + g+j; jJ = kyh; g+j; jJ
523) mj; jid> ,j; jid> vj; jid
vd; Dk; nrhw; fSf; Fg; gp d;
ty;ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v.fh) mj;jid + glq;fs; =
mj; jid glq; fs;
524) tpidj; njhifapy; ty; ypdk;
kpfhJ.
(v.fh) CW + fha; = CWfha;
525) ck;ikj; njhifapy; ty;ypdk;
kpfhJ.
(v.fh) fgpyguzh;> ,uTgfy;
526) ,uz; lhk; Ntw; Wikj; njhifapy;
ty;ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v.fh) fly; + fle; jhh; =
fly;fle;jhh;.
527) %d; whk; Ntw; Wik cUGfspd; gpd;
(xL> XL) ty; ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v. fh) g+ nthL + Nrh; e; j =
g+nthLNrh;e;j
528) vl; L> gj; J jtpug; gpw vz; fSf; Fg;
gpd; ty;ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v.fh) xd; W nfhL xd; WnfhL
,uz;L + Ngh; = ,uz;LNgh;
529) tpaq;Nfhs; tpidKw;Wf;Fg; gpd;
ty;ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v.fh) tho; f + jkpo; = tho; fjkpo;
530) ,ul; ilf; fpstp> mLf; Fj; njhlh; fspy;
ty;ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v.fh) ry + ry = ryry
531) <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; nganur;rk;
jtpug; gpwnganur;rq;fsod; gpd;
ty;ypdk; kpfhJ.
(v.fh) rpwpa + ngz; = rpwpangz;
532) nghUj;Jf:
f + R = fR
m + c = f$
U + $ = cc
c0 + c = fq
fm + f0 = f0
533) jkpo; g; gonkhopia mwpf:-
1. Take away the full. The boiling will cease
vhptijg; gpLq; fpdhy; nfhjpg; gJ
mlq;Fk;
2. Practice makes perfect
rpj; jpuKk; ifg; gof; fk; > nre; jkpOk;
ehg; gof; fk;
3. The law - maker should not be a law -
breaker
Ntypia gapiu Nka;e;jhw; Nghy
4. Misfortune never comes single
gl;l fhypNy gLk;> nfl;l FbNa
nfLk;
5. Look no gift horse in the mouth
jhdk; nfhLj; j khl; ilg; gy; iyg;
gpbj;Jg; ghh;f;fyhkh?
,ay;vl;L - nra;As;
ehl; Lg; Gwg; ghly;
534) nrhw;nghUs;:
1) tphpfly; - gue;jfly;
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2) fhAk; utpr;Rlh; - Rl;nlhpf;Fk;
#hpaf;fjph;
3. Nahfk; - topghL
535) ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghly; tpsf;fk;.
goq; fhyg; gz; ghl; bd; vr; rk; vdf;
fUjg;gLk; ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghly;fs;
Vl; by; vOjhf; ftpijfs; MFk; .
,it toptopahfg; ghlg; gl; LtUk;
tha; nkhop ,yf; fp aq; fNs.
gonkhopfs; > tpLfijfs; > fijg;
ghly; fs; > njhopw; ghly; fs; Kjypad
ehl; Lg; Gw ,yf; fpaj; Js; mlq; Fk; .
njk; khq; Fg; ghly; > fisnaLg; Gg;
ghly;> fjpuWg;Gg; ghly;> kPdth;
ghly; > Kjypad njhopw; ghly; fs; .
vsp a nrhw; fSk; eilKiw
tho; f; ifia xl; ba Mo; e; j
fUj; JfSk; mlq; fpait ,g; ghly;
fs;. ,g;ghly;fs; Ntiy nra;Ak;
NghJ fisg; G Vw; glhky; ,Uf; fg;
ghlg; gLtd. ehl; Lg; Gwtp ay;
Jiwap y; gy; NtW Ma; Tfs;
eilngw; w tz; zk; cs; sd.
ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghly;fs;> gbf;fhjth;
fSk; XusT fy; tpawpT ngw; wth;
fSk; ghLtdthf cs; sd.
,g; ghly; fs; nrtp top ahfg;
guTtd. ,tw; iw ,aw; wp ath;
,d;dhnudf; $wtpayhJ.
536) epug;Gf
1. kP dth; fSf; F ,utpy; tpsf; fhf
tpsq; FtJ _____
tp bnts; sp
2. kPd;tiy kPdthpd; _____
gbf; Fk; E}y;
3 . kP dth ; fz; zh bah fg;
gad; gLj; JtJ _____
KOep yNt
4. kPdthpd; thOk; tPL
fl;L kuk;
ngz;ik -
nt. ,uhkypq; fdhh;
537) md; Gk; Mh; tKk; mlf; fKk; -- vd; w
ngz; ik ghliy ghbath; ahh;?
nt.,uhkyp q; fdhh;
538) nrhw;nghUs;
1. cWjp - CcWjp
2. rfpg; Gj; jd; ik - nghWj; Jf;
nfhs;Sjy;
3. nrh&gk; - tbtk;
4. juzp - cyfk;
5. jhuk; - kidahs;
6. Nrit - njhz; L
7. mayhh; - cwty;yhNjhh;
1. md; Gk; Mh; tKk; mlf; fKk;
-- vz;Zk;ik
2. ,d;gnrh&gk; -- cUtfk;
540) Mrphpah; Fwpg;G
ftpQh; nt.,uhkypq; fdhh; > ehkf; fy;
khtl; lj; jp Ys; s NkhfD}hp y;
gp we; jth; . ,th; jk; ngw; Nwhh;
ntq; fl; uhkd; -- mk; kzp mk; khs;
Mth; . ftp ijg; Nghl; bfs;
gytw; wpy; gq; Nfw; Wg; ghpRfs;
ngw; whh; . jkpof murpd; Kjy;
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muritf; ftpQuhfj; jpfo;e;jth;.
,tUf; F eLtzuR gj; kg+\z;
tpUJ toq;fpr; rpwg;gpj;jJ. ,th;>
jkpof kf; fshy; fhe; jpaf; ftpQh;
vdg; ngUikAld; toq; fg;
ngw;whh;. ,thpd; fhyk; fp.gp 1888
Kjy; 1972 tiuahFk; .
541) E}w; Fwp g; G
ehkf; fy; ftpQh; ghly; fs; vd; Dk;
ftp ijj; njhFg; gp y; nja; tj;
jp Ukyh; > jkp o; j; Njd; kyh; >
fhe;jpkyh;> Njrpa kyh;> rOjha
kyh; > nghpNahh; Gfo; kyh; > jpUehs;
kyh; > rpWfhg; gpa kyh; > ,irkyh; >
mwpTiu kyh; > gy; Rit kyh; Mfpa
jiyg; Gfsp y; ftp ijfs;
mike;Js;sd. ,g;ghly;> rOjha
kyh; vd; Dk; jiyg; gpy; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ.
542) ehkf;fy;yhhpd; gilg;Gfs;
,ir ehty;fs; - 3
fl; Liufs; - 12
jd; tuyhW - 3
Gjpdq; fs; - 5
,yf;fpaj;jpwdha;Tfs; - 7
ftpijj; njhFg; Gfs; - 10
rpWfhg;gpaq;fs; - 5
nkhopngah;g;Gfs; - 4
jpy; iyahb ts; spak; ik
(ciueil)
543) Mq; fp Nyahp d; mlf; FKiwf;
nfhLikf; F vjpuhf chpikf; Fuy;
vOg;gpg; Nghuhbathpd; ngz;zpd;
ngah; ?
544) jpy; iyahb ts; spak; ik ngw; Nwhhpd;
ngah;> Ch;?
GJr; Nrhpapy; tho; e; j KDrhkp
vd; w nerthsp
jp y; iyahb vd; Dk; Chp y;
gpwe; j kq; fsk; .
545) KDrhkp nerTj; njhopy; ghjpg;
ghy; tWikapy; thb NtiyNjb
vq;F FbNawpdh;?
njd; Mg; gphpf; fhtpy;
546) tP u kq; if ts; spak; ik ve; j
Mz; L gpwe; jhh; ?
1898 Mk; Mz; L
547) ts; spak; ik ve; j ehl; by; gpwe; jhh; ?
njd; dhg; gphpf; fhtpy;
548) jhahh; jp;y;iyahbapy; gpwe;jhy;
ts; sp ak; ik ngah; vt; thW
miof; fg; gLfpd; wJ.
549) ve; j Mz; L njd; dhg; gphpf; f
ehl;bd; jpUkzg; gjpTr; rl;lg;
gbAk; > fpwpj; J kjr; rl; lg; gbAk;
jp Ukzq; fs; nry; yhJ vd
cr; reP jpkd; wk; jP h; g; ig ntspapl; lJ?
1913 Mk; Mz; L
550) fhe; jpabfs; ve; j Nghuhl; lj; jpidf;
jiyik Vw; W top elj; jpdhh; ?
mwg; Nghuhl; lk;
551) mwg;Nghh; Nghuhl;lk; ve;j Mz;L>
ve; j ,lj; jpy; eilngw; wJ?
1913 Mk; Mz; L jprk; gh; j; jpq; fs;
23 Mk; ehs; thy; f; ]; u]; l; vd; Dk;
,lj;jpy; eilngw;wJ.
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552) rp iwr; #oyhy; cly; eyk;
Fd; wpa ts; spak; ik ve; j Mz; L
kuzk; mile; jhh; ?
1914 gpg; uthp ,Ugj; jpuz; lhk;
eh sd; W jkJ gjp dh wh k;
mfitap y; .
553) ek;gpf;ifjhd; mtuJ MAjk;
vd;W jpy;iyahb ts;spak;ik
Fwpj; J ve; j ,jopy; fhe; jpabfs;
vOjpas;shh;?
,e; jpad; xg; gPdpad;
554) njd;dhg;gphpf;f tuyhw;wpy; ts;sp
ak; ikapd; ngah; vd; Wk; epiyj; J
epw;Fk; vd;W fhe;jpabfs; _____
vd; Dk; E}ypy; Fwpg; gpl; Ls; shh; .
njd;dhg;gphpf;fr; rj;jpahf;fpufk;
555) fhe; jpabfs; > jkpoh; kP Jk; jkpo;
nkhopapd; kPJk; kpFe;j <LghL
nfhz;ljw;F ahh; fhuzk; vd;W
$wyhk; ?
ts; sp ak; ik
556) ts; sp ak; ikap d; ep iditg;
Nghw; Wk; tifapy; ------------------- jkpo;
ehL muR mtuJ rp iyia
epWtpAs; sJ.
jp y; iyahbap y;
557) Nfh - Mg; - nlf; ]; vd; wiof; fg;
gLk; jkpo; ehL nerthsh; $l; LwTr;
rq; fk; nrd; idap Ys; s jdJ
mWE}whtJ tpw; gid ikaj; jpw;
Fj; _____ vdg; ngah; #l; bg;
ngUikg; gLj; jp cs; sJ?
jpy; iyahb ts; spak; ik khspif
,uhzp kq; fk; khs;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
558) fhg;ghl;rpahsuhf Ml;rp Ghpe;jth;
ahh; ?
,uhzp kq; fk; khs;
559) kJiu Mz; L te; j nrhf; fehj
ehaf;fhpd; kidtp ahh;?
,uhzp kq; fk; khs;
560) nrhf; fehj ehaf; fh; > ,uhzp
kq; fk; khs; ,th; fSf; F gpwe; j
kfd; ahh;?
fpUl;bd Kj;J tPug;gd;
561) Kj; J tP ug; gd; vj; jid Mz; Lfs;
Ml;rp nra;J ve;j Nehahy; cyf
tho;it ePj;jhh;?
Vohz; Lf; fhyk; > mk; ikNeha;
562) ,uhzp kq;fk;khspd; kUkfspd;
ngah; ?
rpd; d Kj; jk; khs;
563) ve; j nghWg; G ,uhzp kq; fk; khspd;
kdj;ijf; fy;yhf;fpapUe;jd?
murp ay; gl; lwp Tk; > Ml; rp g;
nghWg; Gk;
564) ,uhzp kq; fk; khs; ngaud;
tprauq;fr; nrhf;f ehjd; ngaus
tpy; ve; j Mz; L mhpaizapy;
Vw;wg;gl;lhd;.
1688 Mk; Mz; L
565) jpUtpjhq;$hpd; kd;dh; ahh;?
,utp th; kh
566) ,uhzp kq; fk; khs; fhyj; jp y;
ik#h; kd;dd; ahh;?
rp f; fNjtuhad;
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567) xt;nthU tUk; jhk; rpwe;jjhff;
fUJk; rkaj; ijf; iff; nfhz; L
th otp LtNj jUkk; vd; w
nfhs;ifNa gpd;gw;wpath; ahh;?
kq; fk; khs;
568) kq; fk; khs; kJiuapy; -------------
fl;bdhh;?
nghpanjhU md;dr;rj;jpuj;ijf;
569) fd; dp ahFkhp f; Fk; kJiuf; Fk;
,ilNa mike;j neLQ;rhiy>
_____ vd miof; fg; gLfpwJ?
kq; fk; khs; rhiy
570) kq; fk; khs; fl; bait vit?
kj; jpar; re; ij> kJiuf; fy; Y}hp>
cah; ep iyg; gs; sp f; fl; llk; >
,uhkehjGu khtl; l Ml; rp j;
jiythpd; gioa mYtyfk; .
571) kq; fk; khspd; ngah;
kq; fhj GfNohL tpsq; Fk;
ahg;G - nra;As; cWg;Gfs;
(,yf; fzk; )
(vOj;J> mir> rPh;> jis)
572) nra; Aspd; cWg; Gfs; vj; jid
nra; Asp d; cWg; Gfs; MW
tifg; gLk; .
mit:
vOj; J> mir> rP h; > jis> mb>
njhil.
573) vOj; J vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Aspy; Fwpy; > neby; > nka; >
Ma; jk; vd; Dk; vOj; Jfs;
Kjd; ikahff; fUjg; gLk; .
574) mir vd; why; vd; d?
vOj; J jdpahfNth> gy Nrh; e; Njh
Xirg; gl mire; J (gp hp e; J)
epw;gJ mir vdg;gLk;.
575) mir vj; jid tifg; gLk; ? mit
ahit?
mir ,uz;L tifg;gLk;
mit 1 Neuir> 2. epiuair
576) Neuir vd;why; vd;d?
Fwpy; jdpj; Jk; Fwpy; xw; wLj; Jk; >
neby; jdpj; Jk; neby; xw; wLj; Jk;
tUtJ Neuir vdg; gLk; .
577) epiwair vd; why; vd; d?
Fwpy; ,ize; Jk; Fwpy; ,ize; J
xw; Wk; > Fwpy; neby; ,ize; Jk;
Fwpy; neby; ,ize;J xw;Wk;
tUtJ epiuair.
578) rPh; vd;why; vd;d?
mirfs; jdpj;Jk; ,ize;Jk;
$b mbf; F cWg; ghf miktJ
rPh; vdg;gLk;. m/J Xuirr;rPh;>
<uirr; rP h; > %tirr; rP h; > ehyirr; rP h;
vd ehy; tifg; gLk; .
579) Xuirr;rPh; vd;why; vd;d?
ntz; ghtp d; <w; wp y; Neuir>
ep iuairAs; VNjDk; xd; W
jdpj;J epd;W rPuha; mikAk;.
mtw; iw Xuirr; rPh; vd; gh; .
580) Xiur;rPh; ehy;tifg; tha;g;ghL?
ehs; (Neh;)> kyh; (epiu)> fhR
(Neh; G)> gpwg; G (epiuG).
581) <uirr;rPh; vd;why; vd;d?
,uz; L mirfs; Nrh; e; J xU rP h;
MtJ <uirr; rP h; . Nehpy; KbtJ
,uz; Lk; > ep iuap y; KbtJ
,uz; Lkhf <uirr; rP h; ehd; F Mfk; .
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582) rPh; tha;g;ghL
1. Neh; Neh; -- Njkh
2. epiu Neh; -- Gspkh
3. epiuepiu -- fUtpsk;
4. Neh; epiu -- $tpsk;
khr;rPh; -- 2
( Njkh> Gsp kh> vd khtp y;
Kbtjdhy; khr;rPh;)
tpsr;rPh; -- 2
(fUtpsk; > $tpsk; vd tpsj; jpy;
Kbtjdhy; tpsr;rPh;)
583) %tirr; rP h; vd; why; vd; d?
%d;W mirfs; Nrh;e;J xUrPh;
MtJ %tirr; rPh; . Neuirapy;
KbtJ ehd; Fk; epiu mirapy;
KbtJ ehd; Fkhf %tir; rPh;
vl;L MFk;.
584) fha;r;rPh; ehd;F:
1. Neh; Neh; Neh; -- Njkhq;fha;
2. epiu Neh; Neh; -- Gspkhq;fha;
3. epiu epiu Neh; -- fUtpsq; fha;
4. Neh; epiu Neh; -- $tp
ntz;ghtpw;F chpad Mjypd;
ntz; gh chpr; rP h; vdTk; $Wth; .
585) fdpr;rPh; ehd;F:
1. Neh; Neh; epiu --- Njkhq;fdp
2. epiu Neh; epiu -- Gspkhq;fdp
3. epiu epiu epiu - fUtpsq;fdp
4. Neh; epiu epiu -- $tpsq;fdp
(,it tQ;rpg;ghtpw;F cupajhy;
tQ;rpAspr;rPH vdTk; $WtH)
586) ehyirr;rPh; vd;why; vd;d?
%tirr; rP h; vl; Lld; Neuir>
epiuairfisj; jdpj;jdpahfr;
Nrh; j; jhy; ehyirr; rPh; gjpdhW
fpilf; Fk; ,jidg; nghJr; rPh;
vdf; $Wth;.
587) jis vd; why; vd; d?
epd; w rP hpd; <w; wirAk; tUk; rP hpd;
KjyirAk; xd; wpAk; xd; whkYk;
tUtJ jis vdg;gLk;.
588) jis vj; jid tifg; gLk; ? mit
ahit?
VO tifg; gLk; .
mit:
1. Nenuhd; whrphpaj; jis
2. epiunahd; whrphpaj; jis
3. ,aw;rPh; ntz;lis
4. ntz;rPh; ntz;lis
5. fypj;jis
6. xd;wpa tQ;rpj;jis
7. xd;whj tQ;rpj;jis
589) Nenuhd; whrp hp aj; jis vd; why;
vd; d? v.fh jUf?
khKd; Neh; tUtJ Nenuhd; wh
rp hp aj; jis.
v.fh Neh; -- Neh; Nrh; e; J tUtjhy;
Nenuhd;whrphpaj;jis
590) epiunahd;whrphpaj;jis vd;why;
vd; d? v.fh jUf?
tpsk; Kd; epiu tUtJ epiu
nahd; whrp hp aj; jis.
v.fh epiu - epiu Nrh; e; J tUtjhy;
epiunahd;whrphpaj;jis.
591) ,aw; rP h; ntz; lis vd; why; vd; d?
khKd; ep iuAk; > tp sKd;
NeUk;tUtJ ,aw; rP h; ntz; lis.
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592) ntz; rP h; ntz; lis vd; why; vd; d?
fha;Kd; Neh; tUtJ ntz;rPh;
ntz; lis.
v.fh. Neh; Neh; Neh; -- Njkhq;fha;
593) ntz; ghtpw; F chpa jisfs;
1. ,aw;rPh; ntz;lisAk;
2. ntz; rPh; ntz; lisAk;
594) fypj; jis vd; why; vd; d?
fha; Kd; epiu tUtJ fypj; jis
595) xd; wpa tQ; rpj; jis vd; why; vd; d?
fdpKd; epiu tUtJ xd; wpa
tQ; rp j; jis.
596) xd; whj tQ; rp j; jis vd; why;
vd;d?
fdpKd; Neh; tUtJ xd; whj
tQ; rpj; jis vdg; gLk; .
567) chpatpilj; Njh;e;njOJf
1. nka; Ak; > Ma; jKk; ahg; gpy;
_____ vdf; Fwpf; fg; gLk; .
tpil
2. fha;r;rPh; _____ tifg; gLk; .
ehd; F
3. Mrphpag;ghtpw;F chpa rPh;fs; -
_____ MFk; .
tpil
4. fha; Kd; Neh; thpd; _____ MFk; .
tpil
5. ntz;ghtpy; cah;T vd;Dk;
<w; Wr; rP hp y; tUk; Xuirap d;
tha;g;ghL _____
tpil
597) flndd; g ey; yit vy; yhk;
fldwpe; J rhd; whz; ik Nkw; nfhs;
gth;f;F
mwpf
1.The servant of the king is also a king
vy;yhUk; ,e;ehl;L kd;ddh;
2. Frest and fraud have foul ends
#Jk; thJk; Ntjid nra; Ak;
3. The place where you find your food is
your paradise
NrhW fz;l ,lk; nrhh;f;fk;.
4. No advice like fathers
je; ij nrhy; kpf; f ke; jpuk; ,y; iy.
5. When the head is there, the tail should
not wag
jiyapUf;f thy; Mlyhkh?
,ay; xd; gJ -- nra; As;
tQ; rfkha neQ; rNkhL
nkhop jy;
600) khakhd tho; it ek; gpj; _____
tQ;rkha neQ;rNkhL nkhopjy;
vd;w ghliy vOjpath; ahh;?
kJuftp gh]; fujh];
1. kdf;Fuq;F -- cUtfk;
2. ehL efh; -- ck; ikj; njhif
3. nrk; nghd; -- gz; Gj; njhif
4. khLk; MLk; -- vz; Zk; ik
gh]; fujh]; kJiu efhp y;
gpwe; jth; . ,th; ,dpa ,iraikg;
ghy; Gjpa gy ,irAUf;fis
mikj; jth; . ,irg; GyikAld;
ehlfg;GyikAk; ngw;wth;. ehlf
Nkilfspy; tpL jiyg; ghly; fis
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,irj;jth;. ,thpd; ,irg;ghly;
fisf; Nfl; l fhe; jp abfs; >
,tiug; nghp Jk; ghuhl; bdhh; .
,tiur; rpwg; gpf; Fk; tifapy;
kJiuapy; ,th; tho;e;j gFjpf;F
kJuftp gh];fujh]; efh; vdg;
ngahpg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,thpd; fhyk;
fp.gp 1892 Kjy; 1952 tiuahFk; .
ghlg; gFjpapYs; s ghly; kJiftp
gh]; fujh]; fP h; j; jidfsp d;
,u z; lh k; gh fj; jp y; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ.
xg;gilg;G:
jpUtpisahlw; Guhzj; jpy; jUkpf; F
nghw; fpop mspj; j glyf; fijiag;
nghk; kyhl; lkhf tbtikj; J
tFg;gpy; elj;jpf; fhl;Lf.
,ul; rzpa ahj; jphpfk;
vr; .V fpUl; bddhh;
603) ,iw kfdhfpa ,NaR ngUkhd;
ngj;jyNfkpy; ahUf;F kfdhfg;
gpwe;jhh;?
khp ad; idf; F
604) ,NaR ngUkhd; je; ijapd; ngah; ?
Nrhrg; Gk;
605) Foe; ij ,NaRit> VNuhJ
kd; ddp d; nfhLikap yp Ue; J
fhg;ghw;w je;ij Nrhrg;Gk; jha;
khp ad; idAk; ve; j ehl; bw; F
nrd;wdh;?
vfp g; J
606) ,NaRtpd; Njhs;fspd; rpYitap
idr; Rkj; jpj; Jd; GWj; jpf; ve; j
kiyf; Ff; nfhz; L Nrh; j; jdh; ?
fy; thhp kiyf; Ff;
607) nrhw;nghUs;:
1. <z;L -- ,t;tplk;
2. Gfy;tJ -- nrhy;tJ
3. fhz;lF -- fhzj;jf;f
4. ,Ug;ghzp -- ,Uk;G Mzp
5. flhtpdhh; -- mbj;jhh;
6. fPz;L -- Njhz;b
7. nrw; wk; -- rpdk;
8. FUR -- rpYit
9. nrhw;w -- nrhd;d
10. Jsf; fk; -- tpsf; fk;
11. RUjpKjy; -- kiw Kjy; tuhfpa
,NaR ehjh;
12. rijg; Gz; L -- rpijf; fg; gl; L
13. gd;dhpa -- nrhy;Yjw;fhpa
14. gyghL -- gyJd; gk;
15. ,Uk; nghiw -- ngUk; nghWik
16. tpj;jfd; -- Mz;ltd;
17. njhOk;gh; -- mbahh;
18. ,ir ngWjy; -- Gfo; ngWjy;
19. JQ;rpdth; -- cwq;fpath;
20. fPz;L -- gpse;J
21. ,Ug; G Kis -- Mzpapd; Edp
22. tijg; Gz; L -- Jd; gkile; J
23. khz; LgLk; NghJ -- ,wf; Fk;
epiyapy;
24. ,ul;rfh; -- fhg;gth;
25. kd; whLk; -- kpf Ntz; Ljy;
26. Mfbak; -- Vsdk;
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1. nrq;if> Nrtb> ntt;tpUg;G -
gz; Gj; njhiffs;
2. ,Ug;G -- typj;jy; tpfhuk;
3. fdptha; -- ctikj; njhif
4. td;kwNthh; -- gz;Gj; njhif
1) jP z; bdhh; -- jP z; L + ,d; +
Mh;
jP z; L - gFjp
2) flhtpdhh; -- flhT + ,d; + Mh;
flhT - gFjp
610) gphpj; jwpjy; :
m) kw; wpuz; L -- kw; W + ,uz;L
M) FUNrw;wp -- FUR + Vw; wp
,) jd;dhpa -- jd; + mhpa
<) jtpg; nga; jp -- jtpg; G + va; jp
c) ,j;jifa -- , + jifa
C) kdeyk; -- kdk; + eyk;
v) gq;fpl;lhh; -- gq;F + ,l;lhh;
V) vOj; jpl; lhh; -- vOj; J + ,l; lhh;
I) vd; whfbakhd - vd; W +
Mfbak; + Md
,ul;rzpa ahj;jphpf E}yhrphpah;
vr;.V fpUl;bddhh;. jpUney;Ntyp
khtl; lj; jp Ys; s fiuap Ug; G
vd; Dk; Chpy; > 1827 Vg; uy; ,Ugj; J
%d;whk; ehs; gpwe;jhh;. ,tUila
je;ij rq;fu ehuhazh; ngUk;
Gytuhf tpsq;fpdhh;. md;idahh;
ngah; nja; t ehafp mk; khs; .
,th;fs; nul;bahgl;bapy; tho;e;j
th;fs;. gpwF> fiuapUg;G nrd;W
tho;e;j fpUl; bddhh; > Kg; gjhtJ
mfitapy; jk; ngaiu vr; .V
fp Ul; bddhh; vd itj; Jf;
nfhz;lhh;.
fpUl; bddhh; je; ijaplk; jkpopyf; fp
aq; fisAk; khzpf; f thrfj; Njthp
lk; ,yf; fzq; fisAk; > gpytzr;
Nrhjplhplk; tlnkhopiaAk; fw; whh; .
rhah; Guk; gs; spapy; jkpohrphpauhfg;
gzpahw;wpdhh;. ,ul;rzpa rka
eph;zak;> ,ul;rzpa kNdhfuk;>
,ul; rzp af; Fws; vd; Dk;
E}y; fisAk; ,aw; wpdhh; . fpwpj; Jtf;
fk; gh; vdg; Gfo; g; ngw; w ngUq;
ftpQh; 1900 gpg;uthp %d;whk; ehs;
,aw;if va;jpdhh;.
612) E}w; Fwp g; G:
,ul; rzpa ahj; jphpfk; vd; gjd;
nghUs; (caph;> jd;idf; fhf;f
Ntz; b) ,iwtid Nehf; fp r;
nry; Yk; gazk; vd; gJ. Md; k
<Nlw; wj; ij tpUk; Ggth; vd; gJk;
nghUe;Jk;.
[hd; gd; ad; vd; Dk; Gfo; ngw; w
Mq; fp y E}yhrp hp ah; ,aw; wp a
gp y; fp hp k; ]; GNuhfp u]; vd; Dk;
E}iyj; jOtp> n`d; wp My; gh; l; L
fpUl; bddhh; top E}yhfj; jkpopy;
,ul; rzpa ahj; jphpfk; vd; Dk;
ngahpy; ,aw;wpdhh;.
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613) epug;Gf:
1. fpwpj; jtf; fk; gh; vdg; Gfog;
ngWgth; ______
Vr; .v fpUl; bddhh;
2. ,ul;rzpa ahj;jphpfk; ______
E}iyj; jOtp ,aw; wg; gl; lJ.
gpy; fphpk; ]; GNuhfpu];
nghq; fy; jpUtpoh
(ciueil)
614) jkpoh; jpUehs; vJ?
nghq; fy; tp oh> ijj; jp q; fs;
ehs; tpoh> jkpopdj; jpd; jdp
tpoh> gz; ghl; Lg; ngUtpoh.
615) tsikapd; milahsNk ______!
mWtilf; fhyk;
616) tP Lk; > ehLk; J}a; ikg; gLfpw>
Rw; Wg; gwr; #oiyg; Nghw; Wfpd; w
,dpa jpUehs; vJ?
Nghfpj; jpUehs;
617) coTf; F cWJizahd khLfis
ed; wpAzh; NthL kjpj; Jg; Nghw; wpLk;
jpUehs; vJ?
khl; Lg; nghq; fy;
618) Mapukhapuk; Mz; LfSf; F Kd; Ng
Xhplj; jpy; epiyj; J coTj; njhopy;
nra;J> gz;gl;l ehfhpf tho;it
Nkw; nfhz;lth;fs; ahh;?
jkp oh; fs;
619) Me; jpuh> fUehlfh Mfpa khepyq; f
spy; kfu rq; fuhe; jp vdTk; [g; ghd; >
[hth Kjypa ehLfspy; mWtilj;
jpUtpoh vdTk; nfhz; lhlg; gLfpwJ.
jkp ofk; kl; Lkd; wp ,yq; if>
kNyrpah> nkhhPrpaJ> rpq;fg;g+h;>
,q;fpyhe;J> mnkhpf;fh Nghd;w
fly; fle; j eh Lfsp Yk;
nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.
(,yf; fzk; )
ahg;G - nra;As; cWg;Gfs;
(mb> njhif)
620) mb vd; why; vd; d?
rP h; fs; gy mLj; J elg; gJ mb
vdg; gLk; .
621) mb vj; jid tifg; gLk; ? mit
ahit?
mb Ie;J tifg;glk;.
mit - 1. Fwsb> 2. rpe; j
mb> 3. mstb> 4. nebyb> 5.
fop nebyb.
622) Fwsb vd; why; vd; d?
mbNjhWk; ,Ur; rP h; fisg; ngw; W
tUtJ Fwsb vdg; gLk; .
v.fh.. Kf;jp Ntz;LNky;
623) rpe;jb vd;why; vd;d?
mbNjhWk; %r;rPh;fisg; ngw;W
tUtJ rpe; jb vdg; gLk; .
v.fh gOjp yhJ gapw;wpdh;.
624) mstb vd; why; vd; d?
mbNjhWk; ehd; F rP h; fisg;
ngw; W tUtJ mstb my; yJ
Neub vdg; gLk; .
v.fh tha; nkhop jg; gplh tifapy;
Mw; Wtd; .
625) nebyb vd;why; vd;d?
mbNjhWk; Ie; J rP h; fisg; ngw; W
tUtJ nebyb vdg;gLk;.
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v.fh ePLk; Filiaj; jhpj; j
gpuhdpe; j ePs; epyj; jpy;
626) fopnebyb vd; why; vd; d?
mbNjhWk; MW my; yJ mjw; F
Nkw; gl; l gy rPh; fisg; ngw; W
tUtijf; fop nebyb vdf;
$Wth; .
627) njhil vd; why; vd; d?
kyh;fisj; njhLg;gJ NghyNt
rPh; fspYk; mbfspYk; Nkhid
Kjypad mikaj; njhLg; gJ
njhil vdg; gLk; .
628) njhil vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
njhif vl;L tifg;gLk;.
mit - 1. Nkhidj; njhil>
2. vJifj; njhil> 3. Kuz;
njhil> 4. ,iaGj; njhil>
5. msngilj; njhil> 6.
,ul; ilj; njhil> 7. me; jhjpj;
njhil> 8. nre; njhil.
629) Nkhidj; njhil vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Asp y; mbNjhWk; Kjy;
vOj; J xd; wp tuj; njhLg; gJ
mbNkhidj; njhil vdg;gLk;.
630) vJifj; njhil vd; why; vd; d?
mbNjh Wk; KjnyOj; J
msnthj; J (Xirap y; ) ep w; f>
,uz; lhk; vOj; J xd; wp tuj;
njhLg; gJ mbnaJifj; njhil
vdg; gLk; .
631) Kuz; njhil vd; why; vd; d?
mbNjhWk; Kjw; rPh; Kuz; glj;
njhLg; gJ mbKuz; njhil
vdg; gLk; .
632) ,iaGj; njhil vd; why; vd; d?
mbNjhWk; ,Wjpr;rPh; xd;wptuj;
njhLg;gJ mb,iaGj; njhil
vdg; gLk; .
633) msngilj; njhil vd; why; vd; d?
mbNjhWk; Kjy; rP h; msngLj; J
tUtJ mbasngilj; njhil
vdg; gLk; .
Nkhid:
634) ,izNkhid vd; why; vd; d?
,izNkhid (1>2)
ehyb nfhz; l rPUs; KjypU
rP h; fsp y; KjnyOj; J xd; wp
tuj; njhLg; gJ ,izNkhid
vdg; gLk; .
635) nghopg;G Nkhid (1>3) vd;why;
vd;d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjw; rP hpYk; > %d; whk;
rP hpYk; KjnyOj; J xj; J tUtJ
nghopg;G Nkhid vdg;gLk;.
636) x&cNkhid (1>4) vd;why; vd;d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjw; rP hpYk; > ehd; fhk;
rPhpYk; KjnyOj; J xd; wptuj;
njhLg; gJ> xUcNkhid vdg; gLk; .
637) $ioNkhid (1>2>3) vd; why; vd; d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjy; > ,uz; L> %d; whk;
rP h; fsp y; KjnyOj; J xd; wp
tUtJ $ioNkhid vdg; gLk; .
638) Nkw; fJtha; Nkhid (1>3>4) vd; why;
vd;d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjy; > %d; W> ehd; fhk;
rP h; fspy; KjnyOj; J xd; wptuj;
njhLg; gJ Nkw; fJ tha; Nkhid.
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639) fP o; f; fJtha; Nkhid vd; why;
vd; d? (1>2>4)
XubAs; Kjy; > ,uz; L> ehd; fhk;
rP h; fspy; Kjy; vOj; J xd; wptuj;
njhLg; gJ fP o; f; fJtha; Nkhid
vdg; gLk; .
640) Kw; WNkhid (1>2>3>4) vd; why;
vd;d?
Xh; mbapd; ehd; F rPh; fspYk;
KjnyOj; J xd; wptuj; njhLg; gJ
Kw; WNkhid vdg; gLk; .
vJifj; njhil:
641) ,iz vJif vd; why; vd; d? (1>2)
KjypU rPh; fspd; KjnyOj; J
msnthj; J epw; f (Xirastpy; )
njhLg; gJ ,iz vJif vdg; gLk; .
642) nghopg; G (1>3) vd; why; vd; d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjw; rP hpYk; > %d; whk;
rP hpYk; KjnyOj; J msnthj; J
epw; f> ,uz; lhk; vOj; J xd; wptuj;
njhLg; gJ nghop g; G vJif
vdg; gLk; .
643) x&c vJif (1>4) vd; why; vd; d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjy; rP hpYk; ehyhk;
rP hpYk; KjnyOj; J msnthj; J
epw;f> ,uz;lhk; vOj;J xd;wp
tUtJ x&c vJif vdg; gLk; .
644) $io vJif (1>2>3) vd; why; vd; d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjy; > ,uz; L> %d; whk;
rP h; fspy; KjnyOj; J msnthj; J
njhLg; gJ $io vJif
vdg;gLk;.
645) Nkw; fJtha; vJif (1>3>4) vd; why;
vd;d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjy; > %d; W> ehd; fhk;
njhLg;gJ Nkw;fJtha; vJif
vdg; gLk; .
646) fP o; f; fJtha; vJif (1>2>4) vd; why;
vd;d?
Xh; mbAs; Kjy; > ,uz; L> ehd; fhk;
njhLg;gJ fPo;f;fJtha; vJif
vdg;gLk;.
647) Kw; nwJif (1>2>3>4) vd; why; vd; d?
Xh; mbAs; cs; s ehw; rP h; fspYk;
KjnyOj;J msnthj;J epw;f>
njhLg; gJ Kw; nwJif vdg; glk; .
648) chpa tpiliaj; Njh;e;;njOJf:
1. njhil ______ tifg; gLk; .
vl; L
2. Kjy; > %d; W> ehd; fhk; rP h; fspy;
Nkhid xj;J tUtJ.
Nkw; fJtha;
3. mstbf; F ______ vd; Dk; NtW
ngaUz;L.
Neub
4. ,iznaJif vd; gJ ______
______> rP h; fspy; ,uz; lhk; vOj; J
xd; wptuj; njhLg; gJ.
1> 2
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649) nghUj;Jf:
m) $io --- 1>2>3 rP h; fspy; tUk;
M) Nkw;fJtha; -- 1>3>4 rPh;fspy;
tUk;
,) fPo;f;fJtha; -- 1>2>4 rPh;fspy;
tUk;
<) Kw;W -- 1>2>3>4 rPh;fspy; tUk;
650) jkpo; g; gonkhop:-
1) Anger is sworn enemy
Nfhgk; Fyj; ijf; nfLf; Fk; .
2) Break my head and bring a plaster
gp s; isiaf; fp s; sp tp l; Lj;
njhl; biyAk; Ml; LtJ.
3) There is danger in mens smiles
njhOj ifAs; Sk; gil xLq; Fk; .
4) Like hand and glove
efKk; rijAk; Nghy
5) Wealth is best known by want
epoypd; mUik ntapypy; njhpAk; .
,ay; gj; J - nra; As;
Xa; Tk; gaDk;
651) Xa;thf ,Uf;ifapy; jk;gp - eP
Xtp ak; tiu e; J goF! - -
,g;ghliy ,aw;wpath; ahh;?
ngUQ; rp j; jp udhh;
ghtyNuW ngUQ; rp j; jp udhhp d;
,aw; ngah; Jiu> khzp f; fk; .
,tuJ Ch; Nryk; khtl; lj; jpYs; s
rKj;jpuk;. ,thpd; ngw;Nwhh; Jiu
rhkp> FQ;rk;khs; Mth;. 10.03.1933
md; W gpwe; j ,th; > 11.06.1995 Mk;
ehs; kiwe; jhh; .
fdpr;rhW> Iia> nfha;ahf;fdp>
gh tp af; nfh j; J> gs; sp g;
gwitfs; > E}whrphpak; Kjypa gy
E}y;fis ,aw;wpAs;shh;. njd;
nkhop> jkpo; r; rpl; L> jkpo; epyk;
Mfpa ,jo; fs; %yk; cyfj;
jkpohpilNa jkpOzh; it ,e; E}y;
FQ; RfSf; F> gwitfSf; F>
kzpnkhop khiy vd; Dk; %d; W
gphpTfshf mike; Js; sJ.
653) epug;Gf:
1. ,irahy; ______ kiwe; J NghFk; .
Jd; gk;
2. cyf epfo; Tfis mwpe; jhy;
______ Nkk; gLk; .
mwpTj; jpwd;
3. Vl; Lf; fy; tpawpTld; ______
fy;tpawpT?
fiyaTk; > njh op w; fy; tp >
mwptpaw; rpe; jid
4 . gs; sp g; gwitfs; E} y;
______gphpTfshf mike; Js; sJ.
%d; W
vjph;fhyk; ahUf;F -- kPuh
654) cjph; fhyk; ,dpNkNy - vd; w
vjph;fhyk; ahUf;F vd;w ghliy
ghbath; ahh;?
kP uh
655) nrhw;nghUs;:
Njl; il -- nry; tk;
kP u h vd; Dk; ngah ; kP .
,uhNre;jpud; vd;gjd; RUf;fk;.
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,th; 1938 Mk; Mz; L rptfq; ifapy;
gpwe; jhh; . jhk; gbj; j rptfq; iff;
fy; Y}hp ap y; Nguhrp hp auhfTk; >
Kjy; tuhfTk; gzpahw; wpdhh; .
,uhNre;jpud; ftpijfs;> %d;Wk;
MWk; > NfhilAk; tre; jKk; >
Crpfs; > fdTfs; fw; gidfs;
fhfpjq; fs; > Ff; $ Mfpa ftpij
E}y; fisAk; th ,e; jg; gf; fk; kP uh
fl; Liufs; Mfp a fl; Liu
E}y; fisAk; gilj; Js; shh; .
jkpo; tsh; r; rpf; fofg; ghpR>
ghNte;jh; tpUJ> rpw;gp ,yf;fpa
tpUJ> jkpo;r; rhd;Nwhh; Nguit
tpUJ Kjypatw; iw toq; fpj;
jkpOyfk; ,tiur; rpwg; gpj; Js; sJ.
657) E}w; Fwp g; G:
,g;ghly; ,uhNre;jpud; ftpijfs;
vd; Dk; njh Fg; gp y; ,lk;
ngw; Ws; sJ. ,g; ghly; fisj;
njhFj; jth; Nre; jp cilaehjGuk;
rP dp thrd; . ,e; E}y; > rp WJsp
ngUnts; sk; vd; Dk; ngUe; jiyg; gp
Ds; mOjj; Jsp fs; > Njd;
Jsp fs; > fz; zP h; j; Jsp fs; >
gd; dP h; j; Jspfs; > kioj; Jspfs; >
FUjpj; Jspfs; vd; Dk; rpWjiyg; G
fspd; fP o; ehw; gj; ije; J ftpijfs;
cs; sd. ,f; ftpij> kioj; Jspfs;
vd; Dk; jiyg; gp y; ,lk;
ngw;Ws;sJ.
658) ep ug; Gf:
1. Vh; gpbj;J ciog;gtUf;Ff;
fpilg; gJ --------
ey; y vjph; fhyk;
2. mwr; rhiy ------------ tpijg; ghUf; Nf
fpl; Lk; .
cap h; fsp d; ,d; dy; eP f; Fk;
mUshsh; f; Ff;
caph; f; Nfhsk; (ciueil)
659) caphpdq; fs; tho; tjw; F Vw; w
caph; f; Nfhskhf mJ khWtjw; Fr;
------------------- Mz;Lfs; NkyhdJ.
Rkhh; E}w; iwk; gJ Nfhb
660) cap h; fs; Kjd; Kjyp y; vjp y;
Njhd;wpd?
ePhp y;
661) ve; j mz; lj; jpy; epyTk; Nfhs; fspy;
caphpdq;fs; tho ,ayh?
re; jpud; > nrt; tha;
662) epyj;jpy; kl;LNk caph;fs; tho
,aYkhjyhy;> mjid ______
vd toq; FfpNwhk; .
caph; f; ; Nfhsk; .
663) cap hp dq; fsp d; ,ay; ig ahh;
Muha;e;jd?
mwp Qh;
664) kdpjNd ______ ikak; .
caph; f; Nfhsj; jpd;
665) caph; f; Nfhsk; jd; dfj; Nj gy
,aw; iff; fh l; rp fis
fP o; f; fhz; Nghk; ?
gue; j thd; ntsp Ak; > cah; e; j
kiyKfLk; > kiytP o; mUtpAk; >
tw;whky; tsk; gug;Gk; MWk;>
ftpd;kpF NrhiyAk;> fdpjUk;
kuq;fs;> caphpdq;fSk; mjd;
epiyfsd; fs; MFk; .
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666) caph;fspd; tho;f;if ,aw;ifr;
#o; epiyfshfpa ______> ______>
nfhz; L eilngw; W tUfpd; wJ.
fhw;W> ePh;
667) ______ kw; Wk; ______ epyg; gFjp
fs; flypy; %o; fptpLtJk; > Gjpa
epyj; Njhw; wq; fs; cUthtJk;
cz; L.
vhpkiyfs; > epyeLf; fq; fs;
668) kdpj tho; iff; Fj; Njitahd
______> ______> Kjypatw;iw
toq; Ffpd; wJ.
cg; G> jhJg; nghUs;
669) fly; vd; d ngh Us; fis
mspf; fpd; wJ?
Kj; J> gtsk; > fp sp Q; ry; >
flw; gQ; R> rq; F
670) eP h; g; ghfj; ij ______ vd; Wk; > fhw; W
kz; lyj; ij ______ vd; Wk;
$Wth; .
ePh; f; Nfhsk; > tspf; Nfhsk;
671) fhw; W kz; lyj; jpd; fyit ahJ?
caph;tsp ( Mf;rprd;) 21%
cg; Gtsp (iel; burd; ) 78%
kw; w tspfs; 1%
672) Rw; W #oy; vd; gJ vd; d?
caphpdq; fs; thOk; gFjpapy;
cs; s ep yk; > eP h ; > fh w; W
Nghd;wit mlq;fpa epiyfs;.
673) cyf tspf; Nfhsk; > cauj; ijAk;
ntg; gepiyiaAk; mbg; gilahff;
nfhz; L gy gphpTfspy; ,uz; L vJ?
mbtsp kz; lyk; > Nky; tsp
kz; lyk;
674) mbtsp kz; lyk; vd; why; vd; d?
epyj; jpd; ntg; gepiyia xNu
rPuhd epiyapy; itj; jpUf; fg;
nghpJk; cjTfpwJ.
675) Nky; tsp kz; lyk; vd; why; vd; d?
cap h; tsp g; glyk; (XNrhd; )
cap h; fs; nrop f; f ,aw; if
msp j; jp Uf; Fk; gh Jfh g; G
muzhFk; .
676) fjputdplkpUe;J ntsptUk; Gw
Cjhff; fjph;fs; epyg;gug;igj;
jhf;fhj tifapy; ve;j glyk;
jLf; fpwJ?
caph; tspg; glyk; (XNrhd; )
677) Fsph; gjdg; ngl; bapy; gad; gLj; jg;
gLk; -------- ,t; Taph; tspg; glyj; ijr;
rpijg; gjpy; ngUk; gq; F tfpf; fpwJ.
FNshNuh/ GSNuh fhh; gd;
678) jpz;k> ePh;k> thAg;nghUs; fopTf
shy; vJ rPh;NfL milfpd;wJ?
epyk;> ePh;> fhw;W
679) epyk; khRiltjw;fhd fhuzk;?
Fg;igfs;> tptrhaf; fopTfs;>
njhopw; rhiyf; fopTfs; .
680) fhw;W khRiltjw;fhd fhuzk;?
Nghf; Ftuj; J Ch; jpfs; > njhopw; rhiy
fspypUe; J ntsptUk; er; Rg; Gif>
mZkpd; epiyaq; fs; ntspNaw;
Wk; fjp hp af; f khR Kjyp a
tw; wpdhy; fhw; W ngUksT khR
milfpd;wJ.
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681) kuq; fisj; njhlh; e; J mopj; J
tUtjdhy; ______ epfo;fpd;wd.
epyr; rhpT> kz; mhpg; G> kioapd; ik
682) kiotsk; ngUf ______ tsh; j; jy;
Ntz; Lk; .
kuk;
,yf; fzk; mzp
683) mzp vd; why; vd; d?
jk; fw; gid Mw; wyhYk; nkhopg;
GyikahYk; nrhy; yp Yk;
nghUsp Yk; moF Nrh; j; Jg;
ghly;fs; ,aw;Wth; ,j;jifa
nra; Al; fspy; fhzg; gLk; moNf.
684) VfNjr cUtf mzp vd; why;
vd;d?
ftpQh; jhk; vLj;Jf; nfhz;l
gynghUs; fis cUtfg; gLj; jpf;
$Wk; NghJ xd; iw kl; Lk;
cUtfg; gLj; jp> mjNdhL njhlh; G
ila kw; nwhd; iw cUtfg; gLj;
jhky; tpLtJ.
685) ,y;nghUS ctikazp vd;why;
vd;d?
cyfp y; ,y; yhj nghUis
xd; wpw; F ctikahf; fpf; $WtJ
,y; nghUs; ctik mzp vdg; gLk; .
686) gpwpJnkhopjy; mzp vd; why; vd; d?
Gytd; > jhd; fUjpa nghUis
Neubahfr; nrhy; yhky; > mjNdhL
njh lh ; G ciladtw; iwr;
nrhy; yp tpsq; fitg; gJ gpwpJ
nkhopjy; mzp MFk;.
687) Ntw; Wikazp vd; why; vd; d?
nra; Asp y; ,UnghUs; fSf; F
,ilNa cs; s xg; Gikiaf;
$wpa gpd; dh; mtw; iw NtWgLj; jpf;
fhl; LtJ Ntw; Wik mzpahFk; .
688) epuy; epiw mzp vd; why; vd; d?
nrh y; iyAk; > ngh UisAk;
thp irahf (ep uyhf) ep Wj; jp >
NeNu nghUs; nfhs; tJ epuy;
epiw mzpahFk; .
689) 1) xUikr; nrhw; fisg; gd; ikahf
khw; Wf
(v.fh) ahidapd; fz; rpwpaJ
ahidapd; fz;fs; rpwad
2) gz; ikia xUikahf khw; Wf:
(v.fh) gRTk; fd; Wk; Nka; e; jd
gRTld; fd;W Nka;e;jJ.
mwpf
1. a wolf in sheeps clothing
gRj;Njhy; Nghh;j;jpa Gyp
2. union is strength
xw; WikNa typik
3. no smoke with out fire
neUg;gpy;yhky; GifahJ.
4. might is right
ty;yhd; tFj;jNj tha;f;fhy;
5. many things fall betaeen the cup and
the lip
iff; F vl; baJ th a; f; F
vl; ltpy; iy.
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gj;jhk; tFg;G
,ay; - 1
nra;As; - tho;j;J
1. nka;jhd; mUk;gp tpjpHtpjpHj;
vd;Dk; ghliy ,aw;wpatH ahH?
khzp f; fthrfH
2. khzpf;fthrfH Fwpg;G?
irt rkaf; FutH ehy; tUs; xUtH
khzpf; fthrfH. ,tH kJiuf; F
mUfpy; jpUthjt+upy; gpwe; jtH.
mupkHj; jd ghz; badplk; jiyik
aikr; ruhfg; gzp ahw; wp atH.
mKJ mbaile; j md; gH vd; gH.
,tH mUspa E}y; fs; jpUthr
fKk; jpUf; NfhitahUk; MFk; .
,tH vOg; gpa Nfhtpy; jw; NghJ
MTilahh; Nfhtpy; vd toq; fg; gLk;
jpUg; ngUe; Jiwapy; (GJf; Nfhl; il
khtl; lk; ) cs; sJ. ,tH jk;
fhyk; fp.gp.xd;gjhk; E}w;whz;L
MFk;.
3. "jpUthrfKk; jpUf;NfhitahUk;"
irtj; jp U Kiwfsp d; ve; j
jpUKiwapy; ,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ?
vl; lhk; jpUKiwapy;
4. jpUthrfj; jpy; vj; jidg; ghly; fs;
,lk; ngw; Ws; sJ?
658
5. jpUthrfj;jpd; rpwg;ig czHe;j
[p.A.Nghg; vk; nkhopapy; nkhop
ngaHj;jhH?
Mq; fpyj; jpy;
6. "rjfk;;" - vd;gjd; nghUs; vd;d?
E}W ghly; fs;
7. nghUj;Jf
nrhy; - nghUs;
1. tpiu - cly;
2. foy; - ngUfp
3. jJk; gp - kzk;
4. nka; - mzpfyd;
tpil:(1 2 3 4)
jp Uf; Fws;
xOf; fKilik
rp wg; G$Wfs; :
Kjw; ghtyH> nja; tg; GytH>
nre;ehg;NghjhH> ngha;apy; GytH>
ngUehtyH Kjypa ngaHfshy;
Nghw; Wfpd; wJ. ,tuJ fhyk; fp.K
31,y; gpwe; jtH. jkpof muR ijj;
jp q; fs; ,uz; lhk; ehisj;
jpUts;StH ehshf mwptpj;Jf;
nfhz;lhb tUfpd;wJ. jpUf;Fws;
gjpndz;fPo;f;fzf;F E}y;fSs;
xd; W. Mq; fpyk; > fpNuf; fk; > ,yj; jP d;
Kjypa cyfnkhopfs; gytw; wpYk;
,e; E}iy nkhopngaHf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ.
jpUts;Stkhiy vd;Dk; E}y;
,tuJ ngUikfisg; Gfo; fpwJ.
8. jpUf; Fwis ve; j Mz; L ahH
gjpg;gpj;jhH?
kiyaj; Jtrd; kfd; Qhdg;
gp ufhrk; 1812,y; jQ; irap y;
ntsp ap l; ltH.
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9. " ,izap y; iy Kg; gh Yf; F
,e;epyj;Nj" vdg; ghbatH ahH?
ghujp jhrd;
10. cupa nrhy; iyj; NjHe; njOJf:-
m) ,Wtiu fhzp d; _____
(fpof; fhk; /fpsf; fhk; jiy)
tpil: fpof; fhk;
M) kdtypikAilNahH vd; Dk;
nghUs; jUk; nrhy; _____
(cuNthH/cwNthH)
tpil: cwNthH
Vyhjp
fzp Nkjhtp ahH
11. MrpupaH Fwpg;G:
rkz rkaj; jtH fhyk; fp.gp.Ie; jhk;
E}w; whz; L.,tH "jp izkhiy
E}w;iwk;gJ" vd;Dk; E}iyAk;
,aw; wpAs; shH. gjpndz; fP o; f;
fzf; F E}y; fSs; Vyhjp xd; W.
81 ntz; ghf; fisf; nfhz; Ls; sJ.
,ytq; fk; > rpWehtw; g+> Rf; F> kpsF>
jp g; gp yp Mfp atw; wp dhy; Md
kUe; Jg; nghUSf; F Vyhjp vd; gJ
ngaH.
ciueil
caHjdpr; nrk; nkhop
12. tPWil nrk;nkhop jkpo;nkhop
cyfk; Nt&d; wp a ehs; Kjy;
capHnkhop" vd;w tup vOjpatH
ghtyNuW ngUQ; rpj; jpudhH"
13. jpUe; jpa gz; Gk; > rP Hj; j ehfupfKk;
nghUe; jp a J}a; nkhop jkp o; r;
nrk; nkhopahk; " vd; W gupjpkhw;
fiyQH nrk; nkhopf; F ,yf; fzk;
tFj;Js;shH.
14. gjpdhW nrt; tpay; jd; ikfisf;
nfhz; lJ nrk; nkhop vd; gH mit
ahit?
1. njhd; ik 2.Kd; ik 3.Ez; ik
4. jpz; ik 5.vz; ik 6.xz; ik
7. ,dpik 8.jdpik 9.,sik
10.tsik 11.jha; ik 12.J}a; ik
13.Kk; ik 14.nrk; ik 15.,ad; ik
16.tpad;ik
15. 2000 Mz; LfSf; F Nkw; gl; l
tuyhw; Wj; njhd; ikAila nkhopfs;
rpyNt ,tw; Ws; tof; fpoe; J Nghd
nkhop ahit?
jkpo; > rP dk; > rk]; fpUjk; > ,yj; jP d; .
<g; U> fpNuf; fk; > ,yj; jP Dk; > <g; UTk;
tof;fpoe;J Nghapd.
16. "vd; WKs njd; jkpo; " vd; wtH ahH?
fk; gH
17. ve; j nkhopfSf; F jkpo; nkhop
jha; nkhopahfj; jpfo; fpwJ?
fd; dlk; > njYq; F> kiyahsk; >
JStk;
18. rq; f ,yf; fp aq; fsp d; nkhj; j
mbfs; vj; jid?
26> 350
19. fkp y; Rtygp y; " ve; j ehl; L
nkhopapay; NguwpQuhthH?
nrf; ehl; L
20. khf; RKy; yh; " vd; Dk; nkhop
E}ywpQNuh jkpNo kpfTk; gz; gl; l
nkhop nad; Wk; > mJ jdf; Nf
cupa ,yf;fpar; nry;tq;fisg;
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ngw; wp Uf; Fk; nkhop nad; Wk;
ghuhl;bapUf;fpd;whH.
21. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fis ,g;gbAk;
miog;gH?
kf; fs; ,yf; fpak;
22. jkpo; ,yf; fzk; gbf; fg; gbf; f
tpUg; gj; ij cz; lhf; FtJ vd; ghH
ahH?
nfy; yl;
23. njhy; fhg; gp aup d; Mrp up auhfp a
mfj; jpaH ve; j Ie; J ,yf; fzq;
fis vOjpAs; shH?
vOj;J> nrhy;> nghUs;> ahg;G>
mzp> ,d; E}Yf; F mfj; jpak;
vd; gJ ngaH.
24. "ahJk; CNu> ahtUk; NfspH" -
GwehD}W
"gpwg;nghf;Fk; vy;yh capHf;Fk;"
- jpUf;Fws;
25. kf; fl; gz; gpy; yhjhiu vjw; F
xg;gpLfpwhH ts;StH?
kuk;
26. "murpay; gpioj; NjhHf; F mwk;
$w; whFk; " vd; w mwnewp fUj; ij
$Wk; E}y; vJ?
rp yg; gjp fhuk;
27. ,d;iwa nkhopapay; ty;YeHfs;
Ngzpg; gpd;gw;wj;jf;f topKiw
fisj; njhy; fhg; gpak; $Wfpd; wJ
vd;wtH ahH?
KidtH vkpNdh
Jizg; ghlk; ,ay; -1
gup jp khw; fiyQH
28) Fwp g; G:-
#upaehuhaz rh]; jpupahH vd; Dk;
jk; ngaiug; "gupjpkhw; fiyQH"
vdj; jdpj; jkpohf; fpf; nfhz; ltH.
je;ij ngaH: Nfhtpe;jrptdhH
jhahH ngaH : ,yl;Rkp mk;khs;
%d; whtJ kfdhf 1870Mk; Mz; L
#iyj; jpq; fs; Mwhk; ehs; gpwe; jhH.
kJiuia mLj; j tp shr; Nrup
vd; Dk; rpw; W}upy; gpwe; jhH.
nrd; idf; fpwpj; jtf; fy; Y}upapy;
gp.V. gapd;whH.
29. jd; dplk; jkpo; fw; w khztHfis
gupjpkhw; fiyQH vt; thW mioj; jhH?
,aw; wkpo; khztH
30. ghRfuNrJgjp jiyikapy; ghz; bj;
Jiu Nkw; ghHitapy; gupjpkhw;
fiyQH c.Nt.rhkpehjH ,uhftdhH
Mfpa NguhrpupaHfs; JizAld;
kJiuj; jkpo; r; rq; fk; epWtg; gl; lJ.
31. jpuhtpl rh];jpup vd;Dk; rpwg;Gg;
gl; lj; ij gupjpkhw; fiyQUf; F
#l;ba aho;g;ghzj;J jkpowpQH
ahH?
rp .it.jhNkhjudhH
32. "jdp g; ghRuj; njhif" vd; Dk;
E}ypid ,aw;wpatH ahH?
gup jp khw; fiyQH
33. "tpLedp fbJ" - vd; w nrhy; ,lk;
ngw; w E}y; vJ?
fk; guhkhazk; -Ffg; glyk;
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201
34. gupjpkhw; fiyQH ,aw; wpa ew; wkpo;
ehlfq;fs; ahit?
&ghtjp> fyhtjp
35. "rp j; jp uf; ftp " vd; Dk; E}iy
vOjpatH ahH?
gup jp khw; fiyQH
36. FkuFUguupd; eP jpnewp tpsf; fj; jpd;
vj; jid ghly; fSf; F ciunaOjp
ciuahrpupauhfTk; tpsq;fpdhH?
51 ghly; fs;
37. K.rp.g+Hzypq; fk; njhlq; fp itj; j
______ vd; Dk; ,jiog; gupjpkhw;
fiyQH elj;jpdhH.
QhdNghjp dp
38. 33mfitapy; ,aw; if va; jpdhH?
gup jp khw; fiyQH(2.11.1903)
,yf; fzk; : vOj; J
capH gd; dpuz; Lk; > nka; gjpndl; Lk;
Mf Kg; gJ vOj; Jfis
KjnyOj; Jfs; vd; gH .
I-,uz; L khj; jpiu
m. tisak; -,r; nrhy; yp d; Ifhuk;
______ kh j; jp iu Fiwe; J
xypf; fpwJ.
,ilapy; te;J xU
M) <w; wpy; Ifhuk; Fiwe; J te; J nrhy;
_____ MFk; .
1.jpz; iz 2.tisak; 3.Ie; J
,) gy; + jPJ vd;gJ _____ vdg;
GzUk;
1. gy; jP J 2.g/wP J 3. gyjP J
<) FWf; fq; fs; Ifhuf; FWf; fk; >
xsfhuf; FWf; fk; > _____ Ma;jf;
FWf; fk; vd ehy; tifg; gLk; .
kfuf; FWf; fk;
39. nghUj; Jf:-
1. Ifhuf; FWf; fk; -m) K/BJ
2. xsfhuf; FWf; fk; -M) jiytd;
3. Ma;jf;FWf;fk; -,) Nghd;k;
4. kfuf;FWf;fk; -<) ntsthy;
tpil:- 1-M> 2-<> 3-m> 4-,
,ay; -2 nra; As;
rpyg; gjpfhuk;
(kJiuf; fhz; lk; )
(tof; Fiu fhij)
40. ,sq; Nfhtbfs; NrukugpdH je; ij
,katuk; gd; neLQ; Nruyhjd; jha;
ew; Nrhiz. ,tHjk; jikad;
Nrud; nrq;Fl;Ltd;;.
41. E}w; Fwp g; G:
rpyk; G + mjpfhuk; = rpyg; gjpfhuk;
1. GfhHf; fhz; lk; 2. kJiuf;
fhz; lk; 3. tQ; rpf; fhz; lk; vd; Dk;
Kg; ngUq; fhz; lq; fis cilaJ.
Kg; gJ fhijfisAk; cilaJ.
GfhHf; fhz; lk; 10 fhijfisAk; >
kJiuf; fhz; lk; 13 fhijfisAk; >
tQ; rpf; fhz; lk; 7 fhijfisAk;
nfhz; lJ. " ciuap ilap l; l
ghl; Lilr; nra; As; " vdTk; toq; fg;
ngWk; . Kjw; fhg; gpak; > Kj; jkpo; f;
fhg; gp ak; > xw; Wikf; fhg; gp ak; >
ehlff; fhg; gpak; vdr; rpyg; gjp
fhuj; ijg; Nghw; wpg; Gfo; tH.
"neQ; iras; Sk; rp yg; gjp fhuk;
vd; NwhH kzp ahuk; gilj; j
jkpo; ehL" vdg; ghujpahH Gfo; e; jhH.
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42. Ik; ngUq; fhg; gpaq; fs; vd; git
vit?vit?
1. rpyg; gjpfhuk;
2. kzpNkfiy
3. rP tfrpe; jhkzp
4. tisahgjp
5. Fz; lyNfrp
43. rp yg; gjp fhuj; ij vt; tifap y;
mike;Js;sJ?
,irehlfkhf
44. rpyg;gjpfhuk; czHj;Jk; %d;W
cz; ikfs; ahit?
1. murp ay; gp ioj; NjhHf; F
mwq; $w; whFk; >
2.ciurhy; gj; jpdpia caHe; NjhH
Vj; JtH
3. Co; tpid cUj; J te; J Cl; Lk;
45. ghz;ba kd;ddpd; JiwKfk; -
nfhw; if
jkpo; tsHr; rp
ghNte; jH ghujpjhrd;
46. ghNte; jH ghujpjhrdpd; ,aw; ngaH-
Rg;Guj;jpdk;
gpwg; G : 1891 Vg; uy; 29 GJitapy;
gpwe; jhH.
jha;: ,yf;Fkp
je; ij : fdfrig
gilg; Gfs; :FLk; gtpsf; F> ,Uz; l
tP L> jkpopaf; fk; > ghz; bad; gupR>
mofpd; rpupg;G
,ay; -2
ciueil
nghpahupd; ngz; tpLjiyr;
rpe; jidfs;
47. Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;Gf:-
1. jkp oHfsp lk; ,d; W gutp As; s
_______ xd; W cz; L.
ngUNeha;
2. ngupahH r%f _______ vjpHj; jtH@
%lf; fUj; Jfis _______
Kuz; fis> Kl; lWj; jth;
,ay; -2
,yf; fzk; nrhy;
1. xU nrhy; jdpj;J epd;W nghUs;
jUtJ _______
jdp nkhop
2. njhopiyf; Fwpf; Fk; nrhy; ______
tp idr; nrhy;
3. tpidKw; W _______> _______ vd
,Utifg; gLk; .
njhpepiy tpidKw; W> Fwpg; G
tp idKw; W
4. XH vr;r tpid _______ nfhz; L
Kbe; jhy; > mJ nganur; rk; vdg; gLk; .
ngaiuf;
njhifr; nrhw; fis
tpupj; njOJf
48. ,Utpid - 1. ey;tpid
2. jP tpid
49. Kj; jkpo;
1.,ay; 2.,ir
3.ehlfk;
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203
50. %Nte; jH
1. Nrud; 2.Nrhod;
3.ghz; bad;
51. ehdpyk;
1.Fwp Q; rp 2.Ky; iy
3.kUjk; 4.nea; jy;
52. Ie; jpiz
1. FwpQ; rp 2. Ky;iy
3. kUjk; 4. nea;jy;
5. ghiy
,ay;-3 - nra;As;
fk; guhkhazk;
mNahj; jpah fhz; lk;
Ffg; glyk;
53. MrpupaH Fwpg; G
fk;gH gpwg;G - NjuOe;J}H (ehif
khtl;lk;)
je; ij - Mjpj; jd;
fhyk; - ,uz;lhk; FNyhj;Jq;fd;
fhyj; jpy; tho; e; jtH.
Mjup j; jtH - jp Untz; nza;
ey;Y}Hr; rilag;g ts;sy;
fk; guJ fhyk; - fp.gp.12 E}w; whz; L
54. fk;gH ,aw;wpa E}y;fs;?
fk; guhkhazk; > rlNfhgue; jhjp>
VnuOgJ> rpiynaOgJ> ruRtjp>
me; jhjp> jpUf; if tof; fk; .
55. rkfhyj;Jg; GytHfs;:-
raq; nfhz; lhH> xl; lf; $j; jH>
GfNoe; jp .
56. "ahkwpe; j GytupNy fk; gidg; Nghy; "
vd; W ghujpahH Gfo; e; J ghbAs; shH
57. tlnkhopapy; fk; guhkhazj; ij
thy;kPfp KdptH vOjpdhH. fk;gH
jhk; ,aw;wpa E}Yf;F ,uhkht
jhuk; vdg; ngaupl;lhH.
58. fk; guhkhazj; jpy; cs; s 6 fhz; lq; fs;
1. ghyfhz; lk;
2. mNahj; jpah fhz; lk;
3. Muz;a fhz;lk;
4. fpl;fpe;jh fhz;lk;
5. Re;ju fhz;lk;
6. Aj; j fhz; lk;
59. "jkpOf;Ff; fjp" vd;w rpwg;Gk;
fk; guhkhazj; jpw; F cz; L.
60. Ffg; glyj; ij fq; ifg; glyk; vdTk;
$Wth; .
nghUj;Jf:-
1. ,lH - epyT
2. ehtha; - Jd;gk;
3. ,iw - glF
4. ,e;J - jiytd;
tpil: 1.Jd; gk; 2.glF 3.jiytd;
4.epyT
ciueil
mz; zy;
mk; Ngj; fH
61. mk; Ngj; fH kuhl; ba nfhq; fz;
khtl; lj; jp y; jNghyp vd; Dk;
mk;gthNl gpwe;jhH.
gpwe;j ehs; -14.4.1891
je; ij - ,uhk; [p rf; ghy;
jha; - gPkhgha;
,tHfSf; F 14MtJ gps; isahfg;
gpwe; jhH.
,aw;ngaH- gPkhuht; uhk;[p
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62. fy; tp g; gazk; :-
gs; sp- 1908 ,y; vy; gpd; ]; ld; gs; spapy;
caHepiyg; gbg; G 1912 ,y; gk; gha;
vy;gpd;];ld; fy;Y}upapy; ,sq;
fiyg; gl; lk; ngw; whH.
1915 ,y; mnkupf; fhtpy; nfhyk; gpah
gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy; KJfiyg;
gl;lk;.
1916 ,y; ,yz; ld; nghUshjhuj; jpy;
KidtH gl; lk; ngw; whH. kP z; Lk;
,yz; ld; nrd; W mwp tp ay;
KJfiyg; gl; lKk; ghup ]; lH
gl; lKk; ngw; whH.
63. mk; Ngj; fH Kjyp y; elj; jg;
ngw; w Nghuhl; lq; fs; !
1924Mk; Mz; L Nfushtp y;
itf; fj; jpy; elj; jpa xLf; fg; gl; NlhH
MyaEioT Kaw; rpAk; >1927 Mk;
Mz;L khHr;R jpq;fs; ,Ugjhk;
ehs; mk; Ngj; fH kuhl; baj; jpy;
kfhj; Jf; Fsj; jp y; elj; jp a
jz; zP H vLf; Fk; Nghuhl; lKk; kdpj
cupikf; fhf Kjypy; elj; jg; ngw; w
Nghuhl;lq;fs; vdyhk;.
64. tl;lNkir khehL ve;j Mz;L
eilngw;wJ?
1930
65. ,e;jpa murpay; mikg;Gr;rl;lk;
tFf; f vj; jid NgH nfhz; l FO
mikf;fg;gl;lJ?
vOtH
66. ,e; jp ah KOikahd FbauR
ehlhfj; jd; id mwp tp j; Jf;
nfhz;l ehs;?
1950 - 1 - 26 ehs;
67. kf; fs; fy; tp f; fofj; ijj;
Njhw; Wtpj; jtH ahH? ve; j Mz; L?
mk; Ngj; fH 1946
68. Fwp g; G:-
rpj; jhHj; jh caHfy; tp epiyaj; jpy;
,d; iwa mwp T tsHr; rp f; F
Ntz; ba midj; J ghlq; fSk;
fw; gpf; fg; gLfpwJ.
69. ",e;jpahtpd; Njrpag; gq;FtPjk;"
- vd;w E}ypd; MrpupaH ahH?
mk; Ngj; fH
70. mk; Ngj; fH GfOlk; G va; jpa ehs; ?
1956 Mk; Mz; L jprk; gH jpq; fs;
Mwhk; ehs;
71. ,e;jpa muR ghuj uj;dh (,e;jpa
khkzp) vd;Dk; caupa tpUij
mz; zy; mk; Ngj; fUf; F ve; j
Mz; L toq; fp ngUikg; gLj; jpaJ?
1990
Jizg; ghlk;
md; whl tho; tpy; rl; lk;
72. murpay; rhrdj;jpd; 19(1) MtJ
gpuptpd; gb Fbkf; fs; xt; nthUtUf; Fk;
KOikahd Ngr; Rupik> vOj; Jupik
cz; L.
73. jfty; mwpTk; cupikr; rl; lk; ruj;
vd;d?
2005 gpupT 6
,yf;fzk; - nghJ
74. vOj; jpyf; fzk; >nrhy; ypyf; fzk;
Mfp a ,uz; bYk; $wg; glhj
nghJthd nra; jpfs; nrhy; yg; gLt
jhy; ,J nghJ vd miof; fg;
gLfpwJ
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75. "xUnkhop xopjd; ,dq;nfhsw;
Fupj; Nj" vd; w E}l; gh ,lk; ngw; w
E}y;?
ed; D}y; (359)
76. ,stofd; te; jhd; ,J ________
njhlH
m) Fwpg; G M) ntspg; gil
,) vJTkpy; iy
tpil: M
77. "khL" vd; Dk; nrhy; _____ MFk; .
m) caHjpizg; nghJg;ngaH
M) m/wpizg; nghJg; ngaH
,) tpuTg;ngaH
tpil: M
78. khL fd;iw <d;wJ ,j;njhlupy;
khL vd; gJ _______ Fwpf; Fk;
m) gR M) fhis
,) fd;W
tpil: m
78. nghUj; Jf:-
1. ntspg;gilr; nrhw;fs; - NrhW
cz;lhd;
2. Fwpg;Gr; nrhy; -fy;>kz;
3.,dq; Fwpj; jy; - khL ghy; fwe; jJ
tpil. 1. fy;>kz;
2. khL ghy; fwe; jJ
3. NrhW cz; lhd;
79. ,sikg; ngaHfisg; ngUj; Jf
1. ML - fd; W
2. khd; - gps; is
3. fPup - Fl;b
4. rpq;fk; - FQ;R
5. Nfhop - Fuis
tpil: 1. Fl; b 2. fd; W 3. gps; is
4. FUis> 5. FQ; R
80. gpwnkhopr;nrhw;fSf;Fupa jkpo;r;
nrhw; fis vOJf:-
1. N\j;jpuq;fs; NjhWk; nrd;W
tpf; fpuq; fis topgLf.
Gz; zp aj; jye; NjhWk; nrd; W
flTs; rpiyfis topgLf.
2. ,k; khu; f; fj; jpy; ahj; jpiu nry; Yq; fs;
,t; top Na Gz; zp ag; gazk;
nry; Yq; fs; .
3. ,e; j \Hl; kpfTk; fh]; l; ypahdJ.
,e; j Nkyhil kpFe; j tpiy
kjp g; Gs; sJ.
4. ehis elf;f tpUf;Fk; Nkl;rpy;
,e;jpah fz;bg;ghf tpd; nra;Ak;
ehis elf; ftpUf; Fk; Nghl; bapy;
,e; jp ah cWjp aha; ntw; wp
ngWk; .
5. ehd; ,e;jf; fhNy[pd; Xy;l;
];Llz;l;
ehd; ,e; jf; fy; Y}hpapd; Nkdhs;
khztd; .
,ay; - 4
nra;As; - ew;wpiz
81. kpisfpohd; ey;Ntl;ldhH vOjpa
ghly; ek; ghlg;gFjpapy; cs;sJ.
kpis vd; Dk; Cupy; gpwe; jt
uhjyhy; > kpisfpohd; ey; Ntl; ldhH
vd; Dk; ngaH ngw; whH.
82. "ey; " vd; W milnkhop nfhLj; Jg;
Nghw; wg; gLtJk; ew; wpizNa!
83. ew; wp izap d; njhFg; gp j; jtH
gd;dhL je;j khwd; tOjp
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206
784. ew; wp izg; ghly; fs; ehD}W
ghbNdhH
275
85. ew; wpiz xd; gjbr; rpw; nwy; iyAk;
_____ Ngnuy; iyAk; nfhz; l E}y; .
gd; dpuz; L mbg;
86. "mup" vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;
_____
new; fjp h;
GwehD}Wf; fz; zfdhH
87. Nfhg;ngUQ;Nrhodpd; mitf;fsg;
GytHfSs; xUtuhf jpfo;e;jtH?
fz; zfdhH
88. vl; Lj; njhif E}y; fSs; xd; W
GwehD}W
ciueil Ngr; Rf; fiy
89. Ez;zpa E}y; gy fw;wtHf;Nf
mike; j mupa fiy _____
m) Xtpaf; fiy
M) ,irf; fiy
,) Ngr;Rf;fiy
tpil: ,
90. Nkilg;Ngr;rpy; kf;fis <Hj;jtH
_____
m) NguwpQH mz;zh
M) K.tujuhrdhH
,) jpU.tp.f
tpil: m
,yf; fzk;
tpdh-tpil tiffs;
xUnghUl; gd; nkhop
91. nghUj; Jf:-
1. mwptpdh - tUthah? vdpy;
"thNud;" vd;gJ
2. Vty;tpil - cz;lhah? vdpy;>
"tapW typf; Fk; " vd; gJ
3. kiwtpil - ,jidr; nra; thah?
vdpy; "ePNa nra;" vd;gJ
4.cWtJ $wy; - ",jd; nghUs;
ahJ?" vd MrpupaH khztuplk;
Nfl;gJ
tpilfs; :
1. ,jd; nghUs; ahJ? vd
MrpupaH khztuplk; Nfl;gJ
2. ,jidr; nra; thah? vdpy; >
ePNa nra; vd; gJ
3. tUthah? vdpy; > thNud;
vd;gJ
4. cz; lhah? vdp y; > tap W
typf; Fk; vd; gJ
m) xU nghUs; Fwp j; JtUk;
nrhw;fisNa _____ vd;gH.
xUnghUl; gd; nkhop
M) xU nghUl; gd; nkhopf; Fr;
rhd;W _____
Xq; fp cah; e; j
,) ',J nra; th' vd; Dk; tpdhtpw; F
"tapW typf; Fk; " vdf; $WtJ
_____ tpil
cWtJ $wy;
<) Mlj; njupAkh vd; Dk; tpdhtpw; Fg;
ghlj; njupAk; vdf; $WtJ _____
tpil ,dnkhop
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c) ed;D}y; fpilf;Fkh vdf;
filf; fhuhplk; Nfl; gJ _____ tpdh
nfhsy;
93. tpdh vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?mit
ahit?
MWtifg; gLk; .
mwptpdh> mwpahtpdh> Iatpdh>
nfhsy; tpdh> nfhil tpdh>
Vty; tpdh
94. tpil vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?mit
ahit?
vl; L tifg; gLk;
Rl; L tpil> kiwtpil> NeH tpil>
Vty; tpil> tpdh vjpHtpdhjy;
tpil> cw; wJiuj; jy; tpil> cWtJ
$wy; tpil> ,dnkhop tpil
,ay; -5
nra;As; - ngupaGuhzk;
mg; g+jpabfs; Guhzk;
95. MrpupaH Fwpg; G
ngup aGuhzj; ij mUsp atH -
Nrf;fpohH
gpwg;G - Fd;wj;J}upy; gpwe;jtH
(fhQ;rpGuk; khtl;lk;)
,aw;ngaH - mUz;nkhopj;NjtH
gzp - meghar; Nrhodp lk;
jiyik mikr; ruhfj; jpfo; e; jtH
ngw;w gl;lk; - cj;jk Nrhog;
gy; ytH vd; Dk; gl; lk; ngw; wtH
rpwg;G ngaH - nja;tr; Nrf;fpohH
vd;Wk; njhz;lHrPH guTthH
fhyk; - fp.gp.12 E}w; whz; L
96. E}w; Fwp g; G
jdpabahH - 63
njhifabahH - 9
nkhj; jk;
rptdbahH = 72
97. ngupaGuhzj; jpw; F Nrf; fpohH ,l; l
ngaH
"jpUj; njhz; lH Guhzk; "
98. "cynfyhk; " vd; W mbnaLj; Jf;
nfhLf; fg; ghlg; ngw; w njdTk;
$WgtH?
jpy; iy eluhrg; ngUkhd;
99. "gj; jpr; Ritedp nrhl; lr; nrhl; lg;
ghba ftp tyt" vd;W Gfo;e;J
iuj;jtH ahH?
kfhtpj;Jthd; kPdhl;rpRe;judhH
100. "cyfk;> capH> flTs;" Mfpa
%d; iwAk; xUq; Nf fhl; Lk; fhtpae;
jhd; ngupaGuhzk; vd;wtH ahH?
jp U.tp .fyp ahzRe; judhH
101. jk; tP l; bYs; s midj; Jg; nghUs;
fSf; Fk; jp UehTf; furH vdg;
ngaH #l;batH _____
mg; g+ jp abfshH
102. nghUj;Jf:-
1. Nkjp - m) rptd;
2. re; jk; - M) vUik
3. Nfhjpy; - ,) moF
4. mq;fzH - <) Fw;wkpy;yhj gR
tpil: 1-M> 2-,> 3-<> 4-m
ciueil
jpiug; glf; fiy cUthd fij
103. xspg; glk; vLf; Fk; Kiwia ve; j
Mz; L vl; tH L ikgp u p l; R
fz;Lgpbj;jhH?
1830
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104. glr;RUs; cUthf;Fk; Kiwia
fz; Lgpbj; jtH?
<]; l; kd;
105. gpuhd; rp]; nrd; fpd; R vd; w mnkupf; fH
1894 ,y; upr;kz;l; vd;Dkplj;jpy;
,af;fg;glj;ijg; gyUk; ghHf;Fk;
tifapy; tbtikj; jhH.
106. jp iug; glk; vLf; fg; gad; gLk;
glr; RUs; _____ vd; Dk; nghUshy;
MdJ.
nry; Yyha; L
1. ebg; ghw; wy; kp f; ftiuAk;
ebg; igf; fw; Wj; jUgtiuAk; ____
vd miog; gH.
,af; Feh;
2. glg;gpbg;Gf; fUtpia _____
nghUj; JtJk; cz; L.
efh; j; Jk; tz; bapy;
3. ,aq;FUg; glq;fs; ghHg;gjw;F
_____ ,Uf;Fk;.
Ntbf; ifaha;
108. nghUj;Jf:-
1. <]; l; kd; -m) xUtH kl; Lk; ghHf; Fk;
glf; fUtp
2. vbrd; -M) glr;RUs;
3. vl;tHL ikgpupl;R -,)fUj;Jg;glk;
4. thy;l; b];dp -<),af;fg;glk;
tpil: 1-M> 2-m> 3-<> 4-,
Jizg; ghlk;
ghujuj; dh
vk; .[p.,uhkr; re; jpud;
109. ghujuj; dh vk; .[p.,uhkr; re; jpud;
,yf;ifapYs;s fz;bapy; 1917
Mk; Mz; L rdtup j; jp q; fs;
gjpNdohk; ehs; gpwe;jhH.
110. je;ij - NfhghyNkdd;
jha; - rj;aghkh ,UtUf;Fk; 5
kfdhf gpwe;jhH.
111. Gul;rp ebfH>kf;fs; jpyfk; vd;W
Nghw;wg;gl;lhH.
112. mwp QH mz; zh mtH fs;
vk;.[p.,uhkr;re;jpuid ,jaf;fdp
vd;W Nghw;wpdhH.
113. 1963 Mk; Mz; L nrd; id khepyr;
rl; l kd; w Nkyit cWg; gpduhdhH.
114. 1967 Mk; Mz; L eilngw; w nghJj;
NjHjyp d; NghJ guq; fp kiyj;
njhFjpapy; Nghl; bapl; L ntw; wp ngw; whH.
115. 1972 Mk; Mz; L jhkp Ue; j
,af; fj; jpypUe; J tpyfpg; Gjpa
fl;rpiaj; njhlq;fpdhH.
116. 1977 Mk; Mz; L eilngw; w jkpofr;
rl;lkd;wj; NjHjypy; ngU ntw;wp
ngw; W Kjy; tuhfg; gjtp Vw; whH.
117. nrd; idg; gy; fiyf; fofk; mtuJ
gzpfisg; ghuhl;b> lhf;lH gl;lk;
toq; fpaJ.
118. kj; jpa muR mtHjk; gzpiag;
ghuhl; b caupa tpUjhd ghujuj; dh
(,e;jpakhkzp)tpUJ toq;fpaJ.
,t;tpUJ mtUila kiwTf;Fg;
gpd; 1988 Mk; Mz; L toq; fg; gl; lJ.
,yf; fzk;
ctk cUGfs;
ctk cUG - njhlH
1. Nghy - fpspNghyg; Ngrpdhs;
2. Giua - Nta;Giu Njhs;
3. xg;g - jhnahg;gg; NgRk; kfs;
4. cwo - KoT cwo; jlf; if
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5. md;d - kyud;d Nrtb
"Nghy Giua xg;g cwo
khd fLg; g ,iag Va; g; g
Neu epfu md;d ,d;d
vd; gTk; gpwTk; ctkj; JUNg."
ed;D}y; 367
ctik cUtfk;
mKjnkhop - nkhopaKJ
faw; fz; - fz; fay;
Njd; jkpo; - jkpo; j; Njd;
g+tpuy; - tpuy;g+
kjpKfk; - Kfkjp
kyub - mbkyH
Kj;Jg;gy; - gy; Kj; J
tpw; GUtk; - GUttpy;
kyHg;ghjk; - ghjkyH
,ay; MW
nra;As;: jkpo; tpL J}J
E}w; Fwp g; G:-
1. Nghyp g; GytHfisj; jiyap y;
Fl; Lgth; _____
mjptPuuhk ghz; bad; .
2. ehy;tifg; ghf;fSk; taYf;F
_____ mike; Js; sd.
tug; Gfsha;
"nrtp ia mWg; gjw; F tp y; yp
Gj; J}uZk; jiyia ntl; Ltjw; F
xl; lf; $j; jDk; ,Ue; jikahy;
jkpNo eP fpisj; Jr; nropj; J
tsh;e;jha;
,ay; - 6
ciueil -
njhd; ikj; jkpofk;
119) "kdpj ehfhpfj; njhl;by;" vd;W
miof; fg; gLtJ?
,nyKhp ah
120) ve; j gaph; tiffis jkpoh; fs;
tpw;whh;fs;?
ney;> fk;G> Nrhsk;> Nfo;tuF>
jp id> rhik> tuF Kjyp a
jhdpa tiffisAk; > cSe; J>
fliy> mtiu> Jtiu> jl; il>
gr; ir> nfhs; S> vs; S Kjypa
gaW tiffisAk; jkpoh; fs;
tpw; whh; fs; .
121) fpwpj; J gpwg; gjw; F Kd; Ng fpNuf; fk; >
cNuhkGhp> vfpg; J Mfpa ehLfSf; F
vg;nghUs;fis mDg;gg;gl;ld?
mhp rp Ak; > kap y; NjhifAk; >
re; jdKk; .
122) fp.K.gj; jhk; E}w; whz; by; murd;
rhykDf; F ahidj; je; jKk; >
kap y; Njh ifAk; > th ridg;
nghUs; fSk; jkpofj; jpypUe; J
mDg;gg;gl;ld.
123) kJiuj; jkp o; r; rq; fj; ijNa
Fwpf;Fk; GwehD}W> gupghlypy;
,lk; ngw;w nrhw;fs; ahit?
jkpo;nfO $ly;> jkpo; Ntyp
124) "$lypy; Ma;e;j xz;jPe; jkpopd;"
- vd; w tup ,lk; ngw; w E}y; vJ?
kzp thrfk;
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125) ghzd; > ghbdp> $j; jd; > tpwyp
vd; W ,aypir ehlff; fiyQh; fs;
,Ue; jikiaAk; mwpa KbfpwJ.
126) "gz; nzhL jkpnohg; gha; " - vd; w
tup ,lk; ngw; w E}y; ?
Njthuk;
127) "cOJz;L tho;thNu tho;thh;" -
vd; w tup ,lk; ngw; w E}y; ?
jpUf; Fws;
128) "fspW vwpe; J ngah; jy; fhisf; Ff;
flNd" vd;Dk; gupghly;
129) jdf;Ftikapy;yh xU ---------------
jkpo; ,dk; .
jdp ,dk;
Jizg; ghlk; :- jw; fhyj;
njhy; ypay; Ma; Tfs;
130) njhy; yp aiy Mq; fp yj; jp y;
"Mh; f; fpahy[p" vdf; Fwpg; gpLth; .
131) ,e;jpaj; njhy;ypay; Jiwapdh;
1963 Mk; Mz;L g+k;Gfhh; mUfpy;
cs; s fP ohh; ntsp vd; Dk; ,lj; jpy;
Nkw; nfhz; l fly; mfoha; tpd;
NghJ fp.K. %d; whk; E}w; whz; ilr;
rhh; e; j fl; ll ,bghLfs; fz; lwpag;
gl;ld.
132) KJkf; fs; jhopfs; vd; why; vd; d?
gz; ila fhyj; jpy; ,we; Njhiu
mth; fs; gad; gLj; jpa nghUs;
fSld; xU jhopapypl; Lg; Gijf; Fk;
tof; fk; ,Ue; jJ. ,t; tifj;
jhopfisNa KJkf; fs; jhopfs;
vd; fpNwhk; .
,yf;fzk; Gzh;r;rp
133) ,Unrhw; fs; NrUk; NghJ Njhd; wy; >
nfLjy; > jphpjy; Mfpa khw; wq; fs;
Vw; gLkhap d; mtw; iw tp fhug;
Gzh;r;rp vd;gh;.
(v.L) 1. thio + gok; - thiog; gok;
- Njhd;wy;
2. kuk; + Nth; - kuNth; - nfLjy;
3. nghd; + Flk; - nghw;Flk; -
jphpjy;
1. tlf;F vd;Dk; jpirg;ngaNuhL
gpw jpirfs; te;J NrUk; NghJ
_____
m) epiynkhop <W eP q; Fk;
M) epiynkhop <Wk; nka; Ak;
ePq;Fk;
,) tUnkhop Kjy; nfLk;
tpil: M
2. Nkw; F + ehL vd; gJ _____vdr;
NrUk; .
m) Nkw;F ehL M) NkehL ,)
NkdhL
tpil: ,
3. fUik + Fop vd; gJ _____vDk;
tpjpfspd; gb GzUk;.
m) MjpePly;> ,dkpfy;.
M) jd;ndhw;wpul;ly;> ,ilAfuk
,) Mjy;
,) <WNghjy;> ,dkpfy;
tpil: ,
135) nghUj; Jf:-
1. mb mfuk; I mjk; - m) ntw; wpiy
2. MjpeP ly; -- M) fUk; gyif
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3. ,dkpfy; -- ,) igq; $o;
4. jd;ndhw;wpul;ly; - <) %J}h;
tpil: 1-,> 2-<> 3-M> 4- m
,ay; VO nra; As; jpUf; Fws;
nghpahiuj; Jizf; Nfhly;
136) ,y; yhiu ----------- vs; Sth; .
vy; yhUk;
137) mwdPDk; ,d;gKk; <Dk; _____
jPjpd;wp te;j nghUs;.
jp wdwp e; J
138) jp wdwp e; J Njh; e; J nfhs; s
Ntz;bath; _____
1. md;Gs;s ngw;Nwhh;.
2. Mh;tKs;s ez;gh;.
3. %j; j mwpTilahh;
tpil: 3
139) mhpatw; Ws; vy; yhk; mhpJ _____
Ngzpj; jkuhf; nfhsy;
1. rpwpath; 2. nghpahh; 3. cwtpdh;
tpil: 2
140) Kjypyhh; f; F -------------- ,y; iy.
1. Cjpak; 2. el; G 3. Gif
tpil: 1
Njthuk; - jpUehTf; furh;
jpUehTf; furh; jpUth%upy; gpwe; jth; .
ngw; Nwhh; Gfodhh; . khjpdpahh;
,tuJ jkf;ifahh; jpyftjpahh;>
jpUehTf; furUf; Fg; ngw; Nwhh; ,l; l
ngah; kUzP f; fpahh; . ,tUf; Fj;
jUkNrdh;> mg;gh;> thrPrh; vd;Dk;
NtW ngah;fSk; cz;L. ,tuJ
newp njhz; L newp.
irt mbahu;fis ehad;khu;fs;
vd; W toq; Fth; . ,th; fs; mWgj; J
%th ; . irt rkaf; Futh ;
ehy;tUs; xUth; jpUehTf;furh;.
,th;jk; ghly;fs; Njthuk; vdg;
Nghw; wg; gLfpd; wJ. ,th; jhz; lfk;
ghLtjpy; ty;yth; Mjyhy;> ,th;
jh z; lf Nte; jh ; vdTk;
toq; fg; gLfpwhh; . ,tuJ fhyk;
fp.gp.Vohk; E}w;whz;L jpUth%u;
flY}h; khtl;lk; gz;ZUl;bia
mLj; Js; sJ.
142) E}w; Fwp g; G:-
Njthuk; vd; Dk; nrhy; iyj; Nj +
thuk; vdg; gphpj; Jj; nja; tj;
jd; ikia cila ,irg;
ghly; fs; vd; Wk; Nj + Muk; vdg;
gpupj; Jj; nja; tj; jpw; Fr; #l; bg;
ngw;w ghkhiy vd;Wk; $Wth;.
irtj; jpUKiwfs; gd; dpuz; lDs;
Kjy; VOk; %tu; Njthuk; >
jpUehTf; furh; ghb mUspa ghly; fs;
ehd; F> Ie; J> Mwhk; jpUKiwfs;
ekf; Fg; ghlkhf mike; Js; s
ghly; jp UehTf; furh; mUsp a
Mwhe;jpU Kiwapy; cs;sJ.
143) "ehkhh;f;Fk; Fbay;Nyhk;" vd;Dk;
ghly; _____ " mr; rkp y; iy
mr; rkpy; iy" vdg; ghlj; J}z; baJ.
1. ghujpjhrid 2. Rujhit
3. ghujpahiu
tpil: 3
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ciueil
jkpo; nkhopapy; mwptpay;
rpe; jidfs;
144) "mwpT mw; wk; fhf; Fk; fUtp" -
jp Uts; Sth;
145) cyfk; cUz; il vd; gijg;
gjpdhwhk; E}w; whz; bw; Fg; gpwNf
Nkiy ehl;bdh; cWjp nra;jdh;.
146) cyfk; vd; Dk; jkpo; r; nrhy; _____
vd; Dk; nrhy; ypd; mbahfg; gpwe; jJ.
cyT
147) cyT vd; gJ Rw; Wjy; vd; w
nghUisj; jUk;.
148) Qhyk; vd; Dk; jkpo; r; nrhy; "Qhy; "
vd; Dk; nrhy; ybahfj; Njhd; wpaJ
vd; gh; . "Qhy; " vd; gjw; Fj; njhq; Fjy;
vd;gJ nghUs;.
149) "twpJ epiy,a fhaKk;" ,t;tup
,lk; ngw; w E}y; vJ? Gwk; (30)
150) "tytd; Vth thD}h; jp" - Gwk; (27)
151) "jP k; gpop ve; jpuk; ge; jy; tUe; j" vd; w
thp ,lk; ngw; w E}y; vJ?
gjpw; Wg; gj; J
152) "me; jf; NfzpAk; ve; jpuf; fpzWk; "
- ngUq;fij
153) "cWkplj; Jjth cth;epyk;" -
GwehD}w; W thpfs;
154) "gathf; fsuidau; fy;yhjth;"
- jpUf;Fws;
155) "Xh; mZtpidr; rj$wpl; l NfhzpDk;
- csd;" - ahu; $wpaJ?
fk; gh;
156) "clk; ghh; mopapd; capuhh; mopth; "
- jpU%yh;
157) kUe; jhfpj; jg; gh kuj; jw; why; -
jpUf; Fws;
158) "Gy;yhfpg; g+lha;" - jpUthrfk; thp
,yf; fzk; : nghUs;
,yf; fzk; mfg; nghUs;
159) md; gpd; Ie; jpiz vit?
FwpQ; rp> Ky; iy> kUjk; > nea; jy; >
ghiy
160) Kjw; nghUs; vd; git mfnthOf; fk;
epfo; jw; Ff; fhuzkhFk; epyKk;
nghOJk; MFk; .
161) Itif epyq; fs;
1. FwpQ; rp - kiyAk; > kiyrhh; e; j ,lKk;
2. Ky; iy - fhLk; fhLrhh; e; j ,lKk;
3. kUjk; - taYk; tay; rhh; e; j ,lKk;
4. nea; jy; - flYk; fly; rhh; e; j ,lKk;
5. ghiy - kzYk; kzy; rhh; e; j ,lKk;
162) nghOJfs; 2 tifg; gLk; :-
1. ngUk; nghOJ
2. rpWnghOJ
1) ngUk; nghOJ:-
m) fhh;fhyk; - Mtzp> Gul;lhrp
M) Fsph; fhyk; - Ig; grp> fhh; j; jpif
,) Kd; gdpf; fhyk; - khu; fop> ij
<) gpd;gdpf;fhyk; - khrp> gq;Fdp
c) ,sNtdpw; fhyk; - rpj; jpiu> itfhrp
C) KJNtdpw;fhyk; - Mdp> Mb
2) rp WnghOJ: -
m) fhiy - fhiy 6 kzpKjy;
10 kzptiu
M) ez; gfy; - fhiy 10 kzpKjy;
2 kzptiu
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,) vw; ghL - gpw; gfy; 2 kzpKjy;
6 kzptiu
<) khiy - khiy 6 kzpKjy;
,uT 10 kzptiu
c) ahkk; - ,uT 10 kzpKjy;
,uT 2 kzptiu
C) itfiw - ,uT 2 kzpKjy;
fhiy 6 kzptiu
(vw; ghL - vy; + ghL> vy; - QhapW
- ghL - kiwAk; Neuk; )
163) jpizAk; nghOJk; :-
kqj{ ohVl<< ohiPK sqXohiPK
GxqR<sq Gtqi<gizl<?
Le<heqg<gizl<
bill<
Lz<jz giv<gizl< lijz
lVkl< NXohVl<ohiPKgt< jugjx
ofb<kz< NXohVl<ohiPKgt< wx<hiM
hijz -tOueqz<?
LKOueqz<? hqe<heq
f{<hgz<
164) mfk; > Gwk; Mfpa ,uz; Lk; _____
,yf; fzk; MFk; .
nghUs;
165) FwpQ; rp> Ky; iy> Kjypa Ie; Jk;
_____ vdg; gLk; .
mfd; Ie;jpiz
166) nea;jy; jpizf;Fhpa epyg;gFjp
_____ gFjpahFk;.
flYk; fly;rhh;e;j
167) ahkk; vd; gJ ,uT 10 kzpKjy;
_____ tiu MFk; .
2 kzp
168) kUjk; > nea; jy; Mfpa ,uz; lDf; Fk;
_____ ngUk;nghOJfSk; tUk;.
MW
169) jp Ukhy; _____ ep yj; jp w; Fhp a
nja;tk;.
Ky; iy
170) kzKoh> ney;yupfpiz Mfpa
,uz; Lk; _____ jp izf; Fhp a
giwfs; .
kUjj;
171) nea; jy; jpizf; Fhpa njhopy; fs;
_____ MFk; .
kPd; gpbj; jy; > cg; Gtpistpj; jy;
m) nghUsp yf; fzk; _____
tifg; gLk; .
1.,uz; L 2.%d; W 3.Ie; J
tp il:1
M) mfj; jpizfs; _____ tifg; gLk; .
1.%d; W 2.Ie; J 3.VO
tp il:3
,) khh; fop> ij Mfpa ,uz; Lk;
_____ fhyj;jpw;Fhpad.
1.Kd; gdp 2.gpd; gdp 3.,sNtdpy;
tp il:1
<) ghiy epyj; jpw; Fhpa gwitfs;
_____
1.fpsp> kapy; 2.ehiu> md; dk;
3.Gwh> gUe; J
tp il:3
173) nghUj; Jf:-
1.FwpQ;rp - m) Kay;> khd;
2.Ky; iy - M) Gyp> fub
3.kUjk; - ,) Kjiy> Rwh
4.nea;jy; - <) vUik> ePh;eha;
tpilfs;:- 1-M 2-m 3-< 4-,
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,ay; vl; L
nra; As; rPwhg; Guhzk;
tpyhjj; Jf; fhz; lk;
Gyp trdpj;j glyk;
ngah; - ckWg; Gyth;
,th; vl;laGuk; fbif Kj;Jg;
Gythpd; khzth; . mg; Jy; fhjph;
kiuf;fhah; vd;w ts;sy; rPjf;
fhjpapd; Ntz; LNfhspd; tz; zNk
ckWg;Gyth; rPwhg;Guhzk; vOjj;
njhlq; fp dhh; . E} y; Kw; Wk;
Kd; dNk rP jf; fhjp kiwe; jhh; .
mtUf;Fg;gpd;> mGy;fhrpk; vd;w
ts;sy; cjtpahy; rPwhg;Guhzk;
epiwTw; wJ. ckWg; Gyth; ts; sy;
ngUkf; fis E}ypd; gytplq; fspy;
epidT$h; e; J Nghw; Wfpwhh; .,th;
vz; gJ gh f; fsh y; Mfp a
KJnkhop khiy vd; Dk; E}iyAk;
gilj;jspj;Js;shh;. ,th; fhyk;
gjpNdohk; E}w; whz; L.
175) ,iwtdpd; jpUj; J}jh; egpfs;
ehafj; jpd; rP hpa tuyhw; wpid
vLj; jpak; Gk; ,dpa E}y; vJ?
rPwhg; Guhzk;
176) rPwh - vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
tho; f; if
177) Guhzk; - vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
tuyhW
178) rP whg; Guhzk; vj; jid tpUj; jg;
ghf;fshy; MdJ?
Iahapuj; J ,Ugj; NjO
179) rPwhg;Guhzj;jpd; Kg;ngUk; gphpT
fis vKJf?
tpyhjj;Jf;fhz;lk;> EGt;tj;Jf;
fhz; lk; > `p[; uj; Jf; fhz; lk;
180) Nfhbl; l ,lq; fis epug; Gf:-
m) rPwhg;Guhzj;ij ,aw;wpath;
______
ckWg; Gyth;
M) ckWg; Gytiu Mjhp j; j
ts;sy; ______
rPjf; fhjp
181) chpa nrhy; iyj; Njh; e; njOJf:-
m) rPwhg;Guhzk; ______ fhz;lq;
fis cilaJ.
1. %d; W 2. Ie; J 3. VO
tp il:1
M) 'Nfoy; vd; gjd; nghUs;
______
1.vUik 2.Gyp 3.gd; wp
tp il:3
182) ahh;> ahhplk; $wpa njhlh; ,J:-
m) ntd;wp thsuNr
,J> Gypiag; gw; wpf; $wpatd;
Kfk;kJ egpaplk; $wpajhFk;.
M) NtnwhU fhl;bdpw; GFf
,J> Kfk; kJ egp > Gyp ap lk;
$wp ajhFk; .
183) rPh; Nkhidia vOJf:-
kd; w Yd; wpa Kfk; kjpd; kyub
tzq; fp
rPh;Nkhid. kd;wy; - kyub
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184) mb vJifia vOJf:-
eP z; l thy; ep yk; Gilj; jp lf;
fple; Jly; epkph; e; J $z; l fhy; kbj;
jpUtpop fdy;fs; nfhg;gspg;g
mb vJif eP z; l - $z; l
185) nghUj;Jf:-
1. fhd; - m) fub
2. cOit - M) rpq;fk;
3. klq;fy; - ,) Gyp
4. vz; F - <) fhL
tpil:- 1-< 2-, 3-M 4-m
ciueil fhe; jpak;
186) fhe; jpabfs; rpWtdhf ,Ue; j
NghJ> F[uhj; jpg; ghly; xd; widf;
Nfl;lhh;. "jhfj;jpw;F ePh; jUtjpy;
xd; Wkpy; iy: jP ik nra; jth; f; Fk;
ed; ikNa nra; > cz; ikg;
nghUz; ik cz; L" vd; w mg; ghly;
,d; dh nra; ahik (mfp k; ir)
vd; Dk; fUj; jp id mtUs;
tpijj; jJ.
187) cz; ikia kl; LNk NgRk; murd;
mhpr; re; jpuid xU ngha; Ngr
itf; f Ntz; Lk; vd; gjw; fhfNt gy
,d; dy; fSf; F cs; shf; fpath;
ahh; ?
Kdpth; tpRthkpj; jpuh;
188) mwtop - vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?
md; G> mUs;
189) mwtop tpLjiyg; Nghh; :-
typa Nghhpy; rhfpd; wth; fspd;
vz; zpf; ifia tpl> mwtopg;
Nghhpy; ,wg;Nghhpd; vz;zpf;if
kpff; FiwthfNt ,Uf; Fk; vd; Wk; >
kw; w cyf ehLfs; ,jid
Vw; fhtpbDk; ,e; jpah mjid Vw; W
elj;jp> Vida ehLfSf;F xU
topfhl; bahfj; jpfo Ntz; Lk;
vd;W tpUk;gpdhh;. fhe;jpabfspd;
mwtopg; Nghuhl; lq; fSf; F kf; fs;
MjuT ngUfpaJ: fjh; ,af;fk;>
kJtpyf; F> jP z; lhik xopg; G Mfpa
,af;fq;fs; gutpd. fhe;jpabfs;
jkpo; ehl; Lf; F te; j NghJ Vio
coth; fs; tWikahy; miuahil
cLj; jpaijf; fz; lhh; . jhKk;
md; W Kjy; Nkyhil mzptjid
epWj;jpf; nfhz;lhh;. miuahil
Ald; ,q;fpyhe;jpy; ele;j tl;l
Nkir khehl;by; fye;J nfhs; sr;
nrd; w NghJ> mg; Nghija ,q; fpyhe; J
Kjd; ikaikr; rh; rh; r; rpy; > 'miu
epUthzg; gf; fphp' vd; W Vsdk;
nra; jNghJk; > fhe; jp abfspd;
Kfj; jpy; Gd; dif jto; e; jJ.
190) njd; Mg;gphpf;fhtpy; ,e;jpah;f;F
vjpuhd ve; j epwr; rl; lq; fisf;
fhe; jp abfs; nfhSj; jp ajhy; >
rpiwapy; milf;fg;gl;lhh;?
fWg; G
191) ve; j Mz; by; fhe; jpabfis Rl; Lf;
nfhy;yg;gl;lhh;?
1948 Mk; Mz; L> rdthp 30>
jpq;fs;
192) ,isQh; fspd; flik:-
ehl; by; ,isQh; fspd; cs; sj; jpy;
ehl; Lg; gw; W> nja; tg; gw; W> nkhopg;
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gw; W tsUk; tifapy; fy; tp
mikjy; Ntz; Lk; .
m) fhe;jpabfs; ______ vd; Dk;
ehlf E}iyg; gbj;jhh;.
rputz gpJh; gj; jp
M) jpUf; Fwis nkhop ngah; j; j
cUrpa mwpQh; ______
jhy; Rjha;
m) fhe; jpabfs; ______ ehlfj; ijg;
ghh;j;J cz;ikNa Ngr Ntz;Lk;
vd;W cWjp g+z;lhh;.
1.rputzgpJ}h;gj;jp 2.mhpr;re;jpud;
3.gf; jg; gpufyhjd;
tp il:2
M) giftdplKk; md; Gfhl; L vdf;
$wpa E}y; ______
1.gftj; fP ij 2.ed; D}y; 3.iggps;
tp il:3
,) mwnewp ahfg; Nghw; wg; gl
Ntz;bait ______
1.Mlk; guk; > tP z; nryT 2.vspik>
rpf;fdk; 3.md;G> mUs;
tp il:2
195) tpdhj; njhlh; fs; mikf; f:-
m) fhe; jpabfs; > 'gyNfhb kf; fspd;
gl; bdpiag; Nghf; Fk; tho; thjhuk;
fjh; vd;W fUjpdhh;.
'gyNfhb kf;fspd; gl;bdpiag;
Nghf; Fk; tho; thjhuk; vd
vijf; fhe;jpabfs; fUjpdhh;.
M) ,isQh; fspd; cs; sj; jpy; ehl; Lg;
gw; Wk; > nkhopg; gw; Wk; > nja; tg; gw; Wk;
tsUk; tifapy; fy; tp mikjy;
Ntz; Lk; .
,isQh; fspd; cs; sj; jpy; vit
tsUk; tifapy; fy; tp mikjy;
Ntz; Lk; .
196) xUik gd; ikg; gp iofis
ePf; fp vKJf:-
m) Xh; ,sk;ngz; E}nyhd;iw
tpUk; gpg; gbj; Jf; nfhz; bUe; jhh; fs; .
,sk;ngz; xUj;jp E}nyhd;iw
tpUk;gpg; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhs;.
M) kdpjdpd; Nehf; fk; cah; e; jjhfTk;
J}a; ikahdjhfTk; ,Ue; jhy;
kl; Lk; Nghjh.
kdpjdpd; Nehf; fk; cah; thdjhfTk;
J}a; ikahdjhfTk; > ,Ue; jhy;
kl; Lk; NghjhJ.
197) nghUj; Jf:-
1. rj;jpa Nrhjid - m) jpUts;Sth;
2. gftj; fP ij - M) fpwpj; Jt rkaE}y;
3. jpUf;Fws; - ,) fhe;jpabfs;
4. iggps; -<) ,e;J rkaE}y;
tpilfs;: 1-, 2-< 3-m 4-M
,yf; fzk; Gwg; nghUs;
198) Gwg; nghUs; vdg; gLtJ> tho; f; iff; Fj;
JizGhpAk; fy; tp> nry; tk; > Gfo; >
tPuk;> murpay; Kjypa nghUs;
fisg; gw; wp $WtJ.
199) mfg; nghUs; tho; tpay; vdpy; >
Gwg; nghUs; cyfpay; MFk; . Gwk;
gw; wp a newp fisf; $WtJ
Gwj; jpiz MFk; .
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200) Gwj; jpizfs; ntl; rpapd; tiffs;
vj; jid?
gd; dp uz; L
201) gd; dpuz; L tifahd Gwj; jpizfs;
ntl;rp vOJf:-
1. ntl; rpj; jpiz
2. fue; ijj; jpiz
3. tQ; rpj; jpiz
4. fhQ; rpj; jpiz
5. nehr; rpj; jpiz
6. copiQj; jpiz
7. Jk; igj; jpiz
8. thifj; jpiz
9. ghlhz; jpiz
10. nghJtpay; jpiz
11. iff; fpisj; jpiz
12. ngUe;jpiz
202) ntl; rp j; jp iz:-
gifehl;bd; kPJ Nghh; njhlq;F
Kd; > me; ehl; bYs; s MepiufSf; Fj;
jPq;F Neuf; $lhJ vdf; fUJk;
kd;dd;> jd; tPuh;fis mDg;gp
mtw;iwf; fth;e;J tur; nra;tJ
ntl; rp j; jp iz. mt; tP uh; fs;
ntl;rpg;g+itr; #br; nry;thh;fs;.
203) fue; ijj; jpiz:-
ntl; rp tP uh; fshy; fth; e; J
nry; yg; gl; l jk; Mepiufisf;
fue; ijg; g+ itr; #br; nrd; W
kP l; gJ> fue; ijj; jpiz MFk; .
204) tQ; rpj; jpiz:-
kz;zhir fhuzkhfg; gifth;
ehl; ilf; ifg; gw; wf; fUjp tQ; rpg;
g+itr; #bg; NghUf;Fr; nry;tJ>
tQ; rpj; jpiz.
205) fhQ; rp j; jp iz:-
jd; ehl; ilf; ifg; gw; w te; j
khw;wurNdhL fhQ;rpg; g+itr; #b
vjph;j;Jg; Nghhply; fhQ;rpj;jpiz.
206) nehr; rp j; jp iz:-
gifaurdhy; Kw;Wifaplg;gl;l
jk; kjpiyf; fhj; jy; Ntz; b>
cs;spUe;Nj> ntspNa ,Uf;Fk;
gifaurNdhL nehr;rpg; g+itr;
#bg; Nghhpl; L> mk; kjpiyf; fhg; gJ
nehr; rpj; jpiz.
207) copiQj; jpiz:-
copiQg; g+itr; #ba jd; tPuh;
fSld; khw;wurd; Nfhl;ilf;Fs;
GFe; J kjpiyr; Rw; wp tisj; jy;
copiQj; jpiz.
208) Jk; igj; jpiz:-
gifNte; jh; ,UtUk; ntw; wp
xd; iwNa Fwpf; Nfhshff; nfhz; L>
jk; tP uh; fSld; Nghhp LtJ
Jk; igj; jpiz. ,t; tP uh; fs; Jk; igg;
g+itr; #bg; NghhpLth;.
209) thifj; jp iz:-
ntw;wpngw;w kd;dd; thifg;g+r;
#b kfpo; tJ> thifj; jpiz.
210) ghlhz; jp iz:-
ghLjw; Fj; jFjpAila Xh; Mz;
kfdpd; fy; tp> tP uk; > nry; tk; > Gfo; >
fUiz Kjypatw; iwg; Nghw; wpg;
ghLtJ> ghlhz; jpiz.
211) nghJtpay; jpiz:-
ntl;rp Kjy; ghlhz;tiu cs;s
Gwj; jpizfspd; nghJthdtw; iwAk; >
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218
mtw; Ws; $wg; glhjdtw; iwAk;
$WtJ> nghJtpay; jpiz.
212) iff; fpisj; jpiz:-
iff; fpis vd; gJ xUjiyf; fhkk; .
,/J Mz; ghy; $w; W> ngz; ghy;
$w; W vd ,Utifg; gLk; .
213) ngUe; jp iz:-
ngUe;jpiz vd;gJ nghUe;jhf;
fhkk; ,JTk; Mz; ghw; $w; W>
ngz; ghw; $w; W vd ,Utifg; gLk; .
214) chpa tpiliaj; Njh; e; njLOJf:-
1. Gwj; jpizfs; ------------- tiffs;
vj; jid?
m) Ie; J M) VO ,) gd; dpuz; L
tp il:,
2. epiufth; jy; vd; gJ -------------
m) fue; ij M) ntl; rp ,) copiQ
tp il:M
3. kz;zhir fUjpg; NghUf;Fr;
nry;tJ -------------
m) tQ; rpj; jpiz M) fhQ; rpj; jpiz
,)thifj; jpiz
tp il:m
4. ghlhz; jpiz vd; gJ ----------- $WtJ.
m) Mz;kfdpd; xOfyhWfs;
M) Nghhpd; jd;ikfs;
,) ngz; kfspd; xOfyhWfs;
tp il:m
5. xUjiyf; fhkk; vd; gJ --------------
m) md; gpd; Ie; jpiz
M) iff; fpis ,)ngUe; jpiz
tp il:M
6. jd; ehl; ilf; ifg; gw; w te; j
khw; wurNdhL vjph; j; Jg; NghhpLtJ
----------- MFk; .
m) nehr; rp M) Jk; ig ,) fhQ; rp
tp il:m
,ay; xd;gJ
nra;As; gFjp
fyp j; njhif
ey; ye; Jtdhh; rq; f fhyj; jth; .
,tiug; gw; wpa Fwpg; Gfs; VJk;
fp ilf; fg; ngwtp y; iy. ,th; >
nea; jy; fypapy; Kg; gj; J %d; W
ghly;fisg; ghbAs;shh;. fypj;
njhifiaj; njhFj; jtUk; ,tNu
vd;gh;.
216) E}w; Fwp g; G:-
vl; Lj; njhifAk; gj; Jg; ghl; Lk; rq; f
,yf; fpaq; fs; . vl; Lj; njhifAs;
xd; whd fypj; njhif fypg; ghf; fshy;
mike;jJ. ,J ehlfg; ghq;fpy;
mike; Js; sJ. ,irNah L
ghLtjw; Nfw; wJ. fypj; njhifapy;
flTs; tho; j; ijAk; Nrh; e; J
E}w;iwk;gJ ghly;fs; cs;sd.
fypj; njhif FwpQ; rp> Ky; iy>
kUjk; > nea; jy; > ghiy vd; Dk;
Ik;ngUk; gphpTfis cilaJ.
fyp g; gh Js; sy; Xiriaf;
nfhz; lJ. ekf; Fg; ghlkhf
mike; Js; s gFjp > new; jw;
fypahFk; . ,jid ,aw; wpath;
ey; ye; Jtdhh; . ,g; ghly; fisg;
gbf; Fk; nghOJ> fUj; jhoKk;
Xirapd; gKk; ek; cs; sj; jpidf;
nfhs; is nfhs; Sk; . vdNt
,jidj; jkpo; r; rhd; Nwhh; 'fw; wwpe;
jhh; Vj; Jk; fyp vdr; rpwg; gpj; Jf;
$Wth; .
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m) fypj; njhif ------------- E}y; fspy;
xd; W.
1. gj; Jg; ghl; L 2. vl; Lj; njhif
3.gjpndz; fPo;f;fzf;F
tp il:2
M) nea;jy; fypiag; ghbath; -
--------
1 . Xu k; Ngh fp ah h ; 2 . fgp yh ;
3.ey;ye;Jtdhh;
tp il:3
,) 'Nghw; whiug; nghWj; jy; vd; gJ
----------- vdg; gLk; .
1.nghiw 2.Kiw 3.epiw
tp il:1
218) nghUj; Jf:-
1. gz; G - m) $wpaJ kwh mik
2. md;G - M) Ngijahh; nrhy;
Nehd;wy;
3. mwpT - ,) jd; fpis nrwh
mik
4. nrwpT - <) ghlwpe;J xOfy;
tpilfs;: 1-< 2-, 3-M 4-m
ee; jpf; fyk; gfk;
ee; jpkd; dd; tPuk;
jkpo; $Wk; ey; Yyfj; Jf; F ,e; E}iy
toq; fp athp d; ngaUk; CUk;
mwpag; ngwtpy; iy.
220) E}w; Fwpg; G:-
ee; jpth; kdpd; ngUikiag; Nghw; Wk;
E}yhfh ,J jpfo; fpwJ. gy; yt
kd;dd; %d;whk; ee;jpth;kidg;
ghl; Lilj; jiytdhff; nfhz; L
ghlg; ngw; w fyk; gfk; Mjypd; >
ee; jp f; fyk; gfk; vdg; ngah;
ngw;wJ. ,e;E}ypd; fhyk; fp.gp.
xd; gjhk; E}w; whz; L fyk; gf
E}y; fspy; ,JNt Kjy; E}y;
vd;gh;.
fyk; gfk; vd; gJ> njhz; Z}w; whW
tifr; rpw; wpyf; fpaq; fSs; xd; W.
gytifg; nghUs;fisg; gw;wpg;
gytifg; ghly; fisf; fye; J
,aw; wg; ngWk; E}y; fyk; gfk;
vdg; gLk; . fyk; + gfk; =
fyk; gfk; . fyk; - gd; dpuz; L: gfk;
- MW. gjpndl; L cWg; Gfisf;
nfhz; ljhy; (GatFg; G> mk; khid>
fhh; > Cry; > ,uq; fy; > kwk; > jio>
jtk;> rpj;J> ghz;> iff;fpis>
J}J> tz; L> Fwk; > fhyk; > khjq; fp>
fpsp> rk; gpujk; ) fyk; gfk; vd; Dk;
ngah; te; jJ vdTk; $Wth; .
1) fyk; gfk; - - - - - - - - - - - tifr;
rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fSs; xd;W.
m) njhz; Z}w; whW M) gjpndl; L
,) gj; J
tp il:m
2) giz vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; nghUs;
---------------
m) muR M) My; ,) %q; fpy;
tp il:,
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220
ehyhapuj; jpt; tpag;
gpuge; jk;
Nfus khepyj; jpYs; s jpUtQ; irf;
fsj; jp y; gp we; jth; FyNrfu
Mo; thh; . ,uhkgp uhdp lk; gj; jp
kp Fjp ahf tha; f; fg; ngw; w
fhuzj; jhy; > ,th; FyNrfug;
ngUkhs; vdTk; miof;fg;gl;lhh;.
,th; gd; dpU Mo; thh; fSs; xUth; .
,th; mUspa ngUkhs; jpUnkhop>
ehyhapuj; jpt;tpag; gpuge;jj;jpy;
xd; W. ,jpy; E}w; iwe; J ghRuq; fs;
cs; sd. ,th ; tlnkh op >
njd;nkhop ,uz;bYk; ty;yth;.
FyNrfuh; jkp op y; ngUkhs;
jp Unkhop iaAk; > tlnkhop ap y;
KFe;jkhiy vd;Dk; E}iyAk;
,aw; wp As; sh h ; . FyNrfu h ; >
jpUtuq; fj; jpd; %d; whtJ kjpiyf;
fl;bajhy; mjw;Ff; FyNrfud;
tP jp vd; Dk; ngah; ,d; Wk; toq; fp
tUfpwJ. ,tuJ fhyk; fp.gp.9Mk;
E}w; whz; L.
223) E}w; Fwp g; G:-
jkpofj;jpd; gok;ngUk; rkaq;f
Ss; xd;W itztk;.itztk;
jpUkhiy KO Kjw; flTsha; f;
nfhz; L Nghw; Wk; gd; dpU Mo; thh; fs;
ghbaUspa NjdpDk; ,dpa jP e; jkpo; g;
gDty; ehyhap uj; jp t; tp ag;
gpuge;jk;. ek; ghlg;gFjp FyNrfu
Mo; thh; ghba ngUkhs; jpUnkhopapd;
Kjyhapuj; jpy; cs; sJ.
m) jhh; Nte;jd; Nfhy; Nehf;fp thOk;
------------- Nghd;wpUe;NjNd
Fb
M) ehyhapuj; jpt;tpag; gpuge;jj;jpy;
------------- FyNrfuh; ghbajhFk;.
jp Utha; nkhop
m) ngUkhs; jpUnkhopfspy; -------------
ghRuq;fs; cs;sd.
1.,UE}w; iwe; J 2.E}w; iwe; J 3.E}W
tp il:2
M) FyNrfuho; thh; ghly; -------------
njhFg;gpy; cs;sJ.
1.jpUtpaw; gh 2.Kjyhapuk; 3. nghpa
jpUnkhop
tp il:3
ciueil
jpUtUl; gpufhr ts; syhh;
226) rkur Rj; j rd; khh; f; fg; ghij mikj; j
ts;syhh; ahh;?
,uhkypq; f mbfs;
227) ve; j E}w; whz; ilj; jkp op d;
kWkyh;r;rpf; fhyk; vd mwpQh;
Nghw;Wth;?
gj; njhd; gjhk; E}w; whz; ilj;
228) mf; fhyj; Nj Gyth; ngUkf; fshYk;
r%fr; rP h; jpUj; jr; nrk; ky; fshYk;
Nghw;wg;gLk; ngUQ; rpwg;gpidg;
ngw;wth; ahh;?
ts; syhh;
229) ,uhkypq; fh; ve; j khtl; lk; > ve; j
tl; lj; jpy; gpwe; jhh; ?
flY} h; khtl; lk; rp jk; guk;
tl; lj; jpy; cs; s kUJ}hpy;
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230) ,uhkypq; fh; ve; j Mz; L gpwe; jhh; ?
05.10.1823
231) ,uhkypq;fh; ngw;Nwhh; ahh;?
,uhikah> rpd; dk; ik
232) ,uhkypq; fh; ngw; NwhUf; F vj; jdhtJ
kfd;?
Ie; jhtJ kfd;
233) Mya me; jzh; ,uhkypq; fiu
vt;thW ghuhl;bdhh;?
,iwaUs; ngw;w jpUf;Foe;ij
234) ,uhkyp q; fh; je; ij vg; NghJ
kiwe; jhh; ?
,uhkyp q; fh; gp we; j MwhtJ
jpq; fspy;
235) ,uhkypq; fUf; F Ie; J tajpy;
fy;tp fw;g;gpj;j Mrphpah; ahh;?
rghgjp ap lk;
236) xd;gJ tajpNyNa ,uhkypq;fh;
vjpy; jpwd; ngw; wpUe; jhh; ?
ghly; GidAk; jpwd;
237) jp fk; gu rhkp ahh; ,uhkyp q; fh;
nrd;wNghJ vt;thW $wpdhh;?
',Njh Xh; cj; jk kdpjh; Nghfpwhh; '
238) jUkkpF nrd;idapYs;s fe;j
Nfhl; lj; J ,iwtid tzq; fp kd
KUfg;ghb kfpo;e;jth; ahh;?
,uhkyp q; fh;
239) ,uhkypq;fh; ghlypd; njhFg;Ng?
nja; t kzpkhiy
240) ,uhkyp q; fh; -------------- vd; Dk;
E}iyAk; jpUnthw; wpa+h; r; rptngUkhd;
kP J> -------------- vd; Dk; E}iyAk;
ghbdhh; .
tbTil khzpf; fkhiy> vOj; jwpAk;
ngUkhd; khiy
241) ,uhkypq; fh; ghly; fs; vt; tif
ahJ?
,dp aghly; fs; > fy; yhh; f; Fk;
vsp jp y; nghUs; tp sq; Fk;
fUj; Jepiw ghly; fs;
242) vij tpUk; gpa ts; sw; ngUkhd; .
xUik tho; T> xUikauR>
xUikAyfk;
243) MZk; ngz; Zk; rknkd; W
ciuj;jth; ahh;?
,uhkyp q; fh;
244) rq; ffhyj; jp y; xU Ky; iyf;
nfhbapd; Jah; eP f; f> ve; j ts; sy;
jd; NjiuNa <e;jhh;.
ghhp ts; sy;
245) ghhp ts; siyg; Nghy ts; syhh;
$wpaJ vd;d?
'thba gapiuf; fz; lNghnjy; yhk;
thbNdd; '
246) ts;sw;ngUkhd; tlY}hpy; -----------
epWtpr; rhjp> kj NtWghbd; wpg;
grpj;Njhh;f;nfy;yhk; cztpl;lhh;.
rj; jpa jUkr; rhiy
247) ts;syhh; vt;thW tho Ntz;L
nkd; Wk; kd; gijf; F czh; j; jpdhh; .
kdp jNeaj; Jld;
248) 'cap hp uf; fNk Nghp d; g tP l; bd;
jpwTNfhy;' vd;W $wpath; ahh;?
ts; syhh;
249) rkur Rj; j rd; khh; f; f rq; fj; jpid
ve;j Chpy; epWtpdh;?
tlY}hp y;
250) ,uhkypq; fh; mUspa ghly; fs;
vt; thW epiwe; jit?
mUl; fUiz
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222
251) ,uhkypq; fh; MWnjhFjpfs; nfhz; l
ghly; fis vt; thW kf; fs;
Nghw; Wfpd; wd?
jp UtUl; gh
252) ghujpahh; ,uhkypq;fiu vt;thW
Nghw;wpdhh;.
'GJnewpfz; l Gyth;
253) ts;syhh; ----------- kpf;fth;.
nkhop g; gw; W
254) mUl; gpufhr ts; syhh; ve; j Mz; L
ijg; g+rj; jpUehsd; W ,wthepiy
va;jpdhh;?
1874
255) ep ug; Gf:-
m) ,uhkypq;fh; jkpo;nkhopNa ----
------------ jUk; vd;W fUjpdhh;?
,wthjep iy
256) chpa tpiliaj; Njh; e; J vOJf:-
m) cynfyhk; czh;e;J Xjw;
fhpatd;" vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghly;
,lk; ngw; Ws; s E}y; ----------------
nghp aGuhzk;
M) ts;syhhpd; ,aw;ngah; --------
,uhkyp q; fh;
257) ts;syhhpd; gd;Kf Mw;wy;fs;:-
1. rpwe;j nrhw;nghopthsh;
2. Nghjfhrphpah;
3. ciuahrphpah;
4. rpj; jkUj; Jth;
5. grpg;gpzp Nghf;fpa mUshsh;
6. gjpg;ghrphpah;
7. E}yhrphpah;
8. ,johrphpah;
9. ,iwad; gh;
10. Qhdhrphpah;
11. mUshrphpah;
258) ts; syhh; gjpg; gpj; j E}y; fs; :
1. rpd;ka jPgpif
2. xoptpnyhLf; fk;
3. njhz;l kz;ly rjfk;
259) ,aw; wpa ciueil E}y; fs; :
1. kDKiw fz; l thrfk;
2. [P tfhUz; a xOf; fk; jpUtUl; gh
(MW jpUKiwfs; )
mNahj; jpjhrg; gz; bjh; ;
(Jizg; ghlk; )
260) E}w;iwk;gJ Mz;LfSf;F Kd;
jkpofj; jpy; gpwe; J> khngUk; khw;
wq; fs; epfo; tjw; F tpj; jpl; lth; ahh; ?
fhj; jtuhad; vd; Dk; mNahj; jp
jhrg; gz; bjh;
261) fhj;jtuhad; vd;Dk; mNahj;jp
jhrg; gz;bjh; kf;fs; vy;yhUk;
vt; thW Nghw; wpg; Gfo; e; Js; sdh; ?
njhd;dpe;jpar; r%fr; rPh;j;jpUj;
jj;jpd; je;ij
262) ,tuJ ew; fUj; Jfs; ve; j ehLfspy;
gRkuj; jhzpaha;g; gjpe;Js;sd.
jkp ofk; > ik#h; > Me; jp uk; >
jpUtpjhq; $h; > gh; kh> kNyrpah>
M];jpNuypah> njd;dhg;gphpf;fh>
,yq; if.
263) mNahj; jpjhrg; gz; bjh; ve; j efhpy;
gpwe;jhh;?
nrd; id Mapuk; tpsf; fpy; cs; s>
kf; fpkh efhpy;
264) mNahj; jp jhrg; gz; bjh; ve; j
Mz; L> ehs; gpwe; jhh; ?
1845 Mk; Mz; L Nk jpq; fs;
,Ugjhk; ehs; .
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223
265) mNahj; jpjhrg; gz; bjh; je; ij
ngah;.
fe; jrhkp
266) mNahj;jpjhrg; gz;bjh; ngw;Nwhh;
,l;l ngah; vd;d?
fhj; jtuhad;
267) gs;spf;Fr; nrd;W fy;tp fw;Fk;
NghJ mth; gpQ; R neQ; rpy; eQ; rha;
ve; j nfhLik ,wq; fpaJ?
jPz; lhikf; nfhLik
268) tP .mNahj; jpjhrg; gz; bjh; vd; gthplk;
ahh; fy;tp fw;wdh;?
fhj; jtuhad;
269) fhj;jtuhad; vij gapd;whh;?
rpj;j kUj;Jtk;
270) fhj; jtuhad; gilj; j ftpijiag;
gpw; fhyj; jpy; > jhk; njhlq; fpa ve; j
,jopy; ntspapl;lhh;.
xU igrhj; jkpod;
271) fhj; jtuhad; ,aw; ngaiu tpLj; J
ahUila ngaiu #l; bf; nfhz; lhh; ?
Mrphpah; mNahj; jpjhrg; gz; bjh;
272) fhj; jtuhad; eP yfp hp kiyg;
gFjpapy; thOk; Njhlh; ,dg;
gphptpy; ve; j jpUkzk; nra; J
nfhz;lhh;?
fyg; G jpUkzk;
273) vj; jid Mz; Lfs; mNahj; jpjhrg;
gz; bjh; ,uq; $d; nrd; W tho; e; jhh; .
gj;J Mz;Lfs;
274) mNahj; jpjhrh; ve; j kjf; fUj; Jfis
Mo; e; J fw; wth; ?
,e; Jkjk;
275) Gj; jkjf; fUj; Jfis vLj; Jiuj; jth;
ahh; ?
mNahj; jp jhrh;
276) mNahj;jpjhrh; gpwe;j kfd; ---------
ngah; #l;b kfpo;e;jhh;?
gl; lhgpuhkd; > khjtuhk; > rhdfpuhkd; >
,uhrhuhk;
277) mNahj; jpjhrhpAla kfSf; F vd; d
ngah; #l;b kfpo;e;jhh;.
mk; gpfhNjtp vd; Wk; > khahNjtp
278) rpj; j kUj; Jtj; jpy; ifNjh; e; jjhy; >
mNahj; jp jhriu vt; thW miof; fg;
ngw;whh;?
kUj; Jth; vd; Dk; gz; bjh; vd; Wk;
279) jho; j; jg; gl; l kf; fSf; Ff; fy; tp
fw; f mDkjp kWf; fg; gl; l #oypy;
ve; j rig Vw; gLj; jpdhh; ?
gpuk; k Qhdrig
280) nrd;idapy; Kf;fpakhd Ie;J
,lq;fspy; My;fhl; (1832 - 1907)
------------- vdj; jyp j; JfSf; F
,ytrg; gs;spfis epWtpdhh;?
gQ; rkh; gs; spfs;
281) xU igrhj; jkpod; vd; w ,jo; ve; j
Mz; L Kjy; nrd; id
,uhag;Ngl;ilapy; ,Ue;J Gjd;
NjhWk; ehd; F gf; fq; fSld;
ntspte;jJ.
19.06.1907
282) kUj; Jt Muha; r; rpapd; gb> vs;
nrbapd; tpijapypUe; J nea; fz; L
gpbj;j jpUehNs jPghtsp vd;W
GjpaNjhh; tpsf;fk; je;jth; ahh;?
mNahj; jpjhrh; gz; bjh;
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283) ve;j ehl;by; ,d;Wk; Efh;nghUs;
fz; Lgp bg; Gj; jp Uehshfj; jhd;
jPghtspiaf; nfhz;lhLfpwhh;fs;?
rg; ghd; ehl; by;
284) mNahj; jpjhrg; gz; bjh; ve; j E}iy
,Ugj;njl;Lf; fhijfs; nfhz;l
ngU E}yhf vOjpdhh;?
Gj; juJ MjpNtjk;
285) Gj; juJ MjpNtjjk; rhd; whf Kjypa
E}y;fisj; Jiz E}y;fshff;
nfhz;lhh;?
ngUq; FwtQ; rp > tP uNrhop ak; >
ed; D}y; tp sf; fk; > ehadhh;
jp hp Fws; > rp j; jh; ghly; fs; >
ituhf; fpa rjfk; > kr; r Kdpth;
Qhdk; .
286) mNahj; jp jhrg; gz; bjh; ve; j
nkhopfis JizAld; vOjpAs; shh; .
MjpNtjj;ijg; ghyp> Mq;fpyk;
287) tPukhKdptiug; Nghy; vOj;Jr;
rPh;j;jpUj;jKk; nra;Js;sth; ahh;?
mNahj; jpjhrg; gz; bjh;
288) ew; rhd; Nwhh; ve; j Mz; L> ve; j ehs;
nghd; Dly; eP j; Jg; GfOlk; G
va;jpdhh;?
1914 Nk khjk; Ie; jhk; ehs;
,yf;fzk; gh tiffs;
289) gh vj;jid tifg;gLk; mit
ahit?
gh ehd; F tifg; gLk; .
mit: ntz; gh> Mrphpag; gh> fypg; gh>
tQ;rpg;gh
290) ntz;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk;?
1. <w; wb Kr; rP uha; Vida
mbfs; ehw; rPuha; tUk; .
2. ,uz; lb Kjy; gd; dpuz; L
mbtiu tUk; .
291) ntz; gh vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
ntz; gh MW tifg; gLk; .
Fws; ntz; gh> Nehpir ntz; gh>
,d; dpir ntz; gh> g/nwhil
ntz; gh> Nehp irr; rp e; jp ay;
ntz; gh> ,d; dpirr; rpe; jpay;
ntz;gh vd;gd
292) xU tpfw;gj;jhDk; ,U tpfw;gj;
jhDk; tUtJ (Fws; - ,uz;lb)
Fws; ntz; gh
293) Kjy; ,uz;lb> xU tpfw;gkhAk;>
filrp ,uz;lb xU tpfw;gkhAk;>
ehd; fbfSk; xU tpfw; gkhAk;
tUtJ vJ?
Nehpir ntz; gh
294) ntz; ghtpd; nghJ ,yf; fzk;
ngw; W Ie; jb Kjy; gd; dpuz; L
mbtiu ngw;W tUtJ?
g/nwhil ntz; gh
295) xU tpfw;gj;jhDk; ,U tpfw;gj;
jhDk; %d;wbfsha; tUtJ?
Nehpirr; rpe; jpay; ntz; gh
296) ntz; ghtpd; %d; wb nfhz; ljha; j;
jdpr; nrhy;ypd;wp xU tpfw;gj;
jhDk; gy tpfw; gj; jhDk; tUtJ?
,d; dpirr; rpe; jpay; ntz; gh
297) Mrphpag;ghtpd; tiffs;? mit
ahit?
Mrphpag; gh ehd; F tifg; gLk; .
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Nehpir Mrphpag; gh> ,izf; Fws;
Mrphpag; gh> epiy kz; by Mrphp
ag; gh> mbkwp kz; by Mrphpag; gh
298) <w;wayb %r;rPuhAk; gpw mbfs;
ehw;rPuhAk; tUtJ?
Nehp ir Mrp hp ag; gh
299) KjybAk; filrpabAk; ehw;rPh;
mbfshfTk; > ,ilapy; cs; s
mbfs; ,UrP h; (Fwsb) mbfshAk;
Kr; rP h; (rP e; jb) mbfshAk; tUtJ?
,izf; Fws; Mrphpag; gh
300) vy;yh mbfSk; ehw;rPh; mbfsha;
tUtJ.
epiykz; by Mrphpag; gh
301) vy;yh mbfisAk; Kd;gpd;dhf
khw; wp khw; wpg; gbj; jhYk; XirAk;
nghUSk; khwhJ tUtJ?
mbkwp kz; by Mrphpag; gh
302) Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;Gf:-
1) ntz; ghtpd; xir ------------- MFk; .
nrg; gNyhir
2) Mrphpag;ghtpd; NtW ngah; ---
---------- MFk; .
mftw; gh
3) Mrphpag;ghtpd; Xir -------------
MFk; .
mftNyhir
303)
t.vz; rP h; mir tha; g; ghL
1 ,y; /yh/iu Neh;Neh;Neh;
Njkhq;fha;
2 vy; /yh/Uk; Neh;Neh;Neh;
Njkhq;fha;
3 vs;/Sth; Neh;epiu $tpsk;
4 nry; /tiu Neh;epiu $tpsk;
5 vy; /yh/UQ; Neh;Neh;Neh;
Njkhq;fha;
6 nra;/th; Neh;Neh; Njkh
7 rpwg;/G epiuNeh; epiuG
gpwg;G
nkhopj; jpwd; gapw; rp:
304) kuGr;nrhw;fs;:-
xypkuG
MLfj; Jk;
Me; ij myWk;
vUJ vf; fhskpLk;
fhfk; fiuAk;
eha; Fiuj;jJ
fpsp NgRk;
Fjpiu fidf; Fk;
Fapy; $Tk;
Fuq; F myg; Gk;
$if FoWk;
rpq; fk; Koq; Fk;
Nfhop nfhf;fhpf;Fk;
ehp CisapLk;
Nrty; $Tk;
Gyp cWKk;
Gwh FDFk;
G+id rP Wk;
kapy; mfTk;
ahid gpspWk;
tz; L FuYk;
vyp fP r; rpLk;
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305) tpid kuG:-
mk; G va; jhh;
jz;zPh; Fbj;jhd;
Mil nea;jhh;
ghy; gUfpdhs;
ckp fUf;fpdhs;
g+g; gwpj; jhs;
Xtpak; Gide;jhd;
kuk; ntl;bdhd;
$il Kile; jhh;
khj;jpiu tpOq;fpdhd;
Rth; vOg;gpdhd;
KWf; Fj; jpd; whd;
nra;As; ,aw;wpdhd;
NrhW cz;lhd;
306)
vz; gpwnkhopr;nrhy; jkpo;r;nrhy;
1. mq; fj; jpdh; - cWg;gpdh;
2. mjpfhhp - mYtyh;
3. mjpgh; - jiyth;
4. me;epah; - mayhh;
5. mgpN\fk; - ePuhl;L
6. mg+h;tk; - GJik
7. myq; fhuk; - xg; gid
8. mDkjp - ,irT
9. Mgj;J - ,lh;
10. Muhjid - topghL
11. MrPh;thjk; - tho;j;J
12. ,yQ; rk; - ifa+l;L
13. ,yhgk; - tUtha;
14. cj; juT - Miz
15. cj; jpNahfk; - gzp
16. cgNahfk; - gad;
17. fpuhkk; - rpw;W}h;
18. Fkhud; - kfd;
19. rhtp - jpwTNfhy;
20. e\;lk; - ,og;G
21. eh\; lh - rpw; Wz; b
22. ghf; fp - epYit
23. f[hdh - fUt+yk;
24. tpQ;Qhdk; - mwptpay;
25. [dq; fs; - kf; fs;
26. epGzh; - ty;Yeh;
27. M];gply; - kUj; Jtkid
28. B ];lhy; - NjeP h; f; fil
29. g]; ]; lhz; l; - NgUe; J epiyak;
30. Ngh];l; MgP];- mQ; ryfk;
307) Fwp g; G:-
rpyp ehl;by; xU Ruq;fk;. mJ
g+kpf;fbapy; <uhapuk; mb Mok;
cilaJ. jhkp uKk; jq; fKk;
vLg; gjw; fhf ntl; lg; gl; l Ruq; fk; .
308) ,izahd jkpo; g; gonkhopfis
mwpf:-
1. Manners Make the Man
xOf;fk; cah;T jUk;
2. All is well that ends well
ey; y njhlf; fk; ey; y Kbitj; jUk; .
3. Misfortunes never come single.
gl; lfhypNy gLk; > nfl; l FbNa nfLk; .
4. Do well what you have to do
nra;td jpUe;jr;nra;.
5. Every tide has its ebb
Vw; wk; cz; lhdhy; ,wf; fk; cz; L.
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,ay; gj; J - nra; As;
epw; f Neukpy; iy
309) rPf;fpuk; nry;Yf Neh;topapy; -
vd;Dk; ghliy ,aw;wpath; ahh;?
rhiy. ,se; jpiuad;
310) nrhw;nghUs;:-
m) nrj; ij - Fg; ig $sk;
M) ,isg; ghWjy; - Xa; ntLj; jy;
311) gp hp j; jwp jy; :-
m) fz; zpuz; L - fz; + ,uz; L
M) XhpuT - Xh; + ,uT
rhiy. ,se;jpiuadpd; ngw;Nwhh;
,uhikah> md; dyl; Rkp. ,th;
gpwe; j Ch; jpUney; Ntyp khtl; lj;
jpYs; s rhiyeapdhh; gs; spthry; .
jpy; ypg; gy; fiyf; fofj; jpy; jkpo; j;
Jiw jiytuhdhh; . cyfj; jkpo;
Muha; r; rp f; fofk; > ,e; jp ag;
gy; fiyf; fofj; jkp ohrp hp ah;
kd; wk; > jpy; ypj; jkpo; vOj; jhsh;
rq; fk; > cyfj; jkpo; g; gz; ghl; L
,af;fk; Njhd;wf; fhuzkhdth;
rhiy.,se; jpiuad; . 1991 ,y;
jkpof murpd; ghNte;jh; tpUJ
ngw;whh;. jk; tho;ehs; KOtJk;
jkp op d Kd; Ndw; wj; jp w; fhd
gilg; Gfis toq; fp vOr; rpa+l; bdhh; .
,th; tho;e;j fhyk; 06.09.1930 -
04.10.1998
313) E}w; Fwp g; G:-
ghlg; gFjpapy; te; Js; s ftpij>
'g+j; jJ khDlk; vd; Dk; ftpijj;
njhFg;gpy; cs;sJ. rhiyahpd;
gilg;Gfshd 'Gul;rp Kof;fk;
'ciutP r; R Mfpa E}y; fs; jkpof
murpd; rpwe;j E}Yf;fhd ghpRfs;
ngw;Ws;sd.
ciueil
gy; Jiw Ntiytha; g; Gfs;
314) 'tpidNa Mlth;f;Faph; vd; gJ?
FWe; njhif
315) 'Ke; eP h; tof; fk; kf^c Nthby; iy
vd;gJ?
njhy; fhg; gp ak;
316) ngz; fs; ----------- nry; yf; $lhnjdTk;
$wp te;jdh;.
fly; fle; J
317) ehs;NjhWk; ----------- cUthfpd;wd.
GJg; GJj; Jiwfs;
318) gzp tha; g; Gf; F chp a fy; tp j;
jFjpfis gythfg; gFf;fyhk;
fP o; fhz; Nghk; .
njhopw; fy; tp> njhopy; El; gf; fy; tp>
fiy mwptpay; fy; tp> rpWnjhopy;
fy; tp
319) njhopw; fy; tpj; Jiwfs; ahit?
kUj; Jtk; > nghwpapay; > Ntshz; ik>
rl; lk;
320) Nkdp iyf; fy; tp ap y; Njh; r; rp
ngw;wth;fspd; gapw;rp?
,ilep iyahrp hp ah; gap w; rp >
nrtpypah; gapw; rp> $l; LwTg; gapw; rp
%yk; Ntiy tha; g; Gfisg;
ngwyhk; .
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228
321) jkpo; topapy; gapYk; khzth;
fSf; F muRg; gzpfspy; vt; tsT
tpOf; fhL xJf; fpj; jkpof muR
Miz ntspapl; Ls; sJ?
,UgJ tpOf; fhL
322) gl; lk; ngw; wth; fs; ve; j Jiwfs;
elj; Jk; Nghl; bj; Njh; Tfsp y;
fye; J nfhz; L ntw; wp ngw; Wg;
gy; NtW Ntiy tha; g; Gfisg;
ngwyhk;?
jkpo; ehL muRj; Njh; thizak; >
eLtzuRj; Njh; thizak; >
tq; fpj; Jiw> MAs; fhg; gPl; Lj;
Jiw> njhlh; tz; bj; Jiw.
323) muRg; gzp f; fhff; fhj; jp uhky;
mtuth; ------------- njhopy; njhlq; fpg;
gyUk; Ntiy th a; g; igg;
ngUf;Fjy; Ntz;Lk;.
Ra njhopy;
324) Ranjhopy; njhlq; Ftjw; F vd; d
cjtpfs; muR mspf;fpwJ?
top fh l; Ljy; > gap w; rp fs; >
flDjtp fs;
325) ,uhZtk;> fhty;Jiwapy; Nru
Kjypy; ----------- Njh; T eilngWk; ?
clw; $W
326) ---------------> -------------- vd; Dk; jpU%yh;
thf;Fgb Kiwahf ,uhZtk;>
fhty; Jiwap y; clw; gap w; rp
nra;jth;fs; ,j;Njh;tpy; ntw;wp
ngw ,aYk; ?
clk; ig tsh; j; Njd; : cap h;
tsh; j; Njd;
327) ve; j gzpfSf; Fk; clw; $W jFjp
Ailath; fs; kl; LNk Nru ,aYk; ?
Xl; Leh; > elj; Jeh;
328) 'tpuy; fs; gj; Jk; %yjdk; ' vd; Dk;
ghlypd; Mrphpah; --------------
jhuhghujp
329) ngUk; ghyhd gzpfSf; F mbg; gilj;
jFjp vJ?
gd; dpuz; lhk; tFg; G
Jizg; ghlk; - E}yfk;
330) goq; fhyj; jpy; kf; fs; jkJ vz; zq;
fisAk; nra; jpfisAk; ntspg;
gLj; Jtjw; Ff; ve; j gytifg;
nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;jpdh;?
fw; ghiwfs; > fspkz; gyiffs; >
kug; gl; ilfs; > Njhy; fs; > Jzpfs; >
gid Xiyfs;
331) gid Xiyfisg; gjg; gLj; jp -----
--------- Xiyr; Rtbfshf;fpdh;.
vOjj; jf; f
332) cyf ,yf; fpaj; Jiwapy; epfo; e; j
xU khngUk; Gul; rp --------------
fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;lJ.
fhfp jk;
333) cyfehLfs; midj; jpYk; fle; j
rpy E}w; whz; Lfshf --------------> ---
---------- fhfpjq; fisNa gad; gLj; jj;
njhlq;fpdh;?
vOjTk; > mr; rplTk;
334) gz; ilaf; fhyj; jpy; fy; tpawpT
ngw; Nwhhpd; vz; zpf; if vt; tsthf
,Ue; jJ?
FiwthfNt
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335) muz; kidfspYk; khspiffspYk;
klq; Ffsp Yk; Nfhtp y; fsp Yk;
gbf; Fk; Nehf; fp d; wp g; ngUik
Nrh;f;Fk; Nehf;NfhL vij mLf;fp
itf;fg;gl;bUe;jd?
E}y; fs;
336) fy; tp vjid gfph; e; J nfhs; sj;
J}z;baJ?
kf; fisj; jj; jk; vz; zq; fisAk; >
tpise; j mwpitAk; .
337) E}y; nghJ E}yfj; jpy; itf; fg;
gl; lhy; ----------- mJ gyh; f; Fk;
gad;gLk;.
gad;kuk; cs;Sh;g; gOj;jijg;
Nghd; W
338) ,e; jp ah cs; gl cyfehLfs;
midj; jpYk; kf; fSf; fhd vd; d
jpwf; fg; gl; ld?
nghJ E}yfq; fs;
339) E}yfj;jpd; gy;NtW ngah;fs;?
Gj; jfr; rhiy> Vlfk; > Rtbafk; >
Rtbr; rhiy> thrfrhiy>
gbg; gfk; > E}y; epiyak; > gz; lhuk; .
340) E}yfk; vd; w nrhy; Yf; F ,izahf
Mq;fpy nrhy; jUf?
'iyg; uhp '
341) ,yj; jP d; nkhopapy; 'ypg; uh' vd; Dk;
nrhy;ypw;Fg; vd;d ngah;?
Gj; jfk;
342)
m) xU kdpjd; Mz; Lf; F 2000
gf; fq; fshtJ gbj; jhy; jhd;
md; whl cyf elg; Gfis mwpe; j
kdp jdhff; (Informative Man)
fUjg; gLthd; vd 'And]; Nfh
$wpAs; sJ.
M) fphP ]; efu muRfNs Kjd;
Kjyhf kf; fSf; fhd E}y;
epiyaq; fis mikj; jd.
,) ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s E}yfq;
fspy; fy; fj; jh Njrpa E}yfk;
Kjd; ik ahdJ. ,jpy; > gj; J
,yl; rj; jpw; Fk; Nkw; gl; l E}y; fs;
cs;sd.
343) E}yfkpy; yh CUf; F -------------
vd; Dk; GJ nkhopAk; cz; ikia
tpsk; GfpwJ vd; gjid mwpQh;
Vw; Wf; nfhs; th; ?
mwpT gho;
344) ,e; jpahtpNyNa Kjd; Kiwahfj;
jkpof muR jhd; ve; j Mz; L
nrd; idg; nghJ E}yfr; rl; lj; ij
,aw;wpaJ?
1948
345) gs; sp vd; gJ vij nfhz; L
mwpit tpijf; Fk; fsk; .
ghlE}y; fisf;
346) ----------- mwpit tsh; j; Jr; nrOikg;
gLj; Jk; kw; nwhU fskhFk; ?
E}yfNk
347) gs; sp ap y; khzth; fs; Xhp lk; >
E}yfk; Ntwplk; vd; w epiyia
khw; w> ek; gs; spf; fy; tpj; Jiw ve; j
tFg; giw E}yfj; jpl; lj; ijj;
njhlq;fpAs;sJ?
'Gj; jfg; g+q; nfhj; J
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230
348) NtW rpy tbtq; fspYk; E}y; fs;
cUkhw; wk; ngw; W E} yfg;
gad;ghl;by; cs;sd?
,izaj; js E}yfk; > FWtl; Lfs; >
kpd; dZ xsptl; L> Ez; RUs;
349) E}yfj; jpy; cs; s E}y; fisf; ---
------------> ------------- ghJfhj; jy; ekJ
flikahFk;.
fpopahkYk; > rpijTwhkYk;
350)
m) ghgpNyhdpahtpy; cs; s epg; g+h;
vd; w Chpy; fp.K.2000 Mz; bw; F
Ke; ija Rkhh; 2500 fspkz;
gyiffsp y; vOjg; gl; bUe; j
E}y; fspd; njhFg; G fz; nlLf; fg;
gl;lJ.
M) E}yfg; gad; ghl; bw; fhd
tp jp fis cUthf; fp j; je; j
rP h; fhop rP .,uh.muq; fehjd; ,e; jpa
E}yfj; je;ij vdg; Nghw;wg;
gLfpwhh; .
351) jkpofj; jpYs; s kpfg; goikahd
E}yfq; fs; .
1. ruRtjp kfhy; E}yfk; > jQ; ir.
(1820)
2. murpdh; fPo;j;jpirr; Rtb E}yfk;
nrd;id.
3. fd; dpkhuh E}yfk; > nrd; id (1869)
4. nrd; idg; gy; fiyf; fof E}yfk;
(1907)
5. mz; zhkiy gy; fiyf; fof
E}yfk; . rpjk; guk; (1929)
6. lhf; lh; c.Nt.rh. E}yfk; > nrd; id
(1947)
7. kiwkiy mbfshh; E}yfk; >
nrd;id (1958)
8. kJiu fhkuhrh; gy;fiyf;fof
E}yfk; (1966)
9. cyfj; jkpo; Muha;r;rp epWtd
E}yfk; > nrd; id
(1970)
10. jQ;irj; jkpo;g; gy;fiyf;fof
E}yfk; (1981)
,yf; fzk; mzp
352) mzp vd; Dk; nrhy; Yf; F vd; d
nghUs;?
moF
353) xU ghliyr; nrhy; yhYk; nghUshYk;
moF ngwr; nra; tJ vJ?
mzp
354) ,ay; ghf epfOk; epfo; r; rpapd; kP J>
ftpQh; jk; Fwpg; gpid Vw; wpf;
$WtJ.
jw; Fwpg; Ngw; w mzp
355) jw; Fwpg; Ngw; w mzpia gphpj; njOJf:
jd; + Fwpg; G + Vw; wk; + mzp
356) Gfo; tJNghyg; gopg; gJk; > gopg; gJ
Nghyg; Gfo;tJk; ----------- mzp
vdg; gLk; .
tQ; rg; Gfo; r; rp mzp
357) xU nrhy; ,U nghUs; gl mike; J
tUtJ
,ul; Lw nkhopjy;
358) ,ul; Lwnkhopjy; mzpia vt; thW
toq;Fth;?
rp Nyil
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231
359) rpNyil vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
mit ahit?
rpNyil ,Utifg; gLk;
nrk; nkhopr; rpNyil
gp hp nkhop r; rp Nyil
360) xU nra;Aspy; xU nrhy; gphpT
glhky; epd;W> xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l
nghUis jUtJ.
nrk; nkhopr; rpNyil
361) xU nrhy; jdpj; J epd; W xU
nghUisAk; > mJNt gphpe; J epd; W
NtnwhU nghUisAk; jUkhW
mikj; Jg; ghLtJ.
gp hp nkhop r; rp Nyil
362) nghUs; :-
m) nra; - tay;> tPL
M) gyif - gy tiffs;
,) jhs; - Kaw;rp
<) Ja;a - jq;f> mofhd
363) gp d; tU ep iyazp vj; jid
gpd; tUepiyazp %tifg; gLk; .
mit:-
1) nrhy; gpd;tUepiyazp
2) nghUs; gpd;tUepiyazp
3) nrhw;nghUs; gpd;tUepiyazp
364) nra; Aspy; Kd; dh; te; jnrhy; >
kP z; Lk; kP z; Lk; te; J ntt; NtW
nghUisj; jUtJ.
nrhy; gpd; tUepiy mzp
365) nra;Aspy; xNu nghUs; jUk; gy
nrhw;fs; tUtJ.
nghUs; gpd; tUepiymzp
366) Kd; dh; te; j nrhy; > kP z; Lk; kP z; Lk;
te;J xNu nghUisj; jUtJ.
nrhw; nghUs; gpd; tUepiy mzp
367) ctikiaf; $wpg; nghUisg;
ngw itg; gJ ----------- MFk; .
gpwpJ nkhopjy; mzp
368) B.A.,- Bachelor of Arts - ,sq; fiy
M.A.,- Master of Arts - KJfiy
B.SC., - Bachelor of science -,sk; mwptpay;
M.SC., - Master of science - KJ mwptpay;
B.COM., - Bachelor of commerce- ,sk;
tzpftpay;
M.COM., - Master of commerce -KJ tzpftpay;
B.Lit., - Bachelor of literature - ,sq; fiy
,yf; fpak;
B.Ed., - Bachelor of Education- ,sk;
fy;tpapay;
M.Ed., - Master of Education -KJ fy; tpapay;
Ph.D., - Doctor of philosophy - Kidth;
I.A.S.,- Indian Administrative service - ,e; jpa
Ml;rpg;gzp
I.P.S. - Indian police service - ,e; jp af;
fhty;gzp
I.F.S., - Indian forest service -,e; jpa tdg; gzp
I.R.S., - Indian Revenue service - ,e; jp a
tUtha;g;gzp
B.E.,- Bachelor of Enginering -,sk; nghwpapay;
M.E.,- Master of Enginering -KJ nghwpapay;
B.Tech - Bachelor of Techology - ,sk; njhopy;
El;gtpay;
M.Tech - Master of Technology - KJ njhopy;
El;gtpay;
M.Phil., - Master of Philosophy - Ma;tpay;
epiwQh;
C.A.,- Chartered Accountant - fzf;fhah;
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232
nkhop ahf; fk;
369) ,izahd jkpo; g; gonkhopfis
vOJf:-
1. small rudders guide great ships
rpW JUk; Gk; gy; Fj; j cjTk; .
2. you must walk before run
rpe;jpj;Jr; nray;gL
3. Distance lends enchantment to the view
,f; fiuf; F mf; fiu gr; ir
4. Measure is a treasure
msTf; F kP wpdhy; mKjKk; eQ; R
5. Make hay while the sun shines
fhw;Ws;s NghNj J}w;wpf;nfhs;
11 Mk; tFg;G (jkpo;;)
ciueilg; gFjp
1. fy; tp Na mop ahr; nry; tk; -
kiwkiyabfs;
tp sf; fk; :-
nts; sj; jhy; mopahjjha; nte; jo
yhy; Ntfhjjha; murHfshYq;
ifg; gw; wg; glhjjha; f; nfhLf; f
nfhLf;f Fiwahjjha;f; fs;tH
fSf; F mQ; r Ntz; LtJ ,y; yhj
jha; ekJ mwptpDs; Ns ,Uj; jyhw;
fy; tpg; nghUisg; ngWtjw; F
kp fTk; Kaw; rp AilatHfsha;
,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk; vd;W fy;tpNa
mop ah nry; tk; vd; gjid
kiwkiy mbfshh; vLj; Jiuf; fpwhh; .
nts; sj; jhy; mopahJ nte; joyhy;
NtfhJ Nte;j uhYq;
nfhs; sj; jhd; KbahJ nfhLj; jhYk;
2. nja;tr; rpjk;guj; Njth cd;
rpj;je; jpUk;gp tpl;lhw;
ngha; itj;j nrhg;gdkhk; kd;dH
tho; Tk; GtpA nkq; Nf
nka; itj; j nry; tnkq; Nf
kz;l yPfHjk; Nkil naq;Nf
if itj; j ehlf rhiy naq; Nf
apJ fz; kaf;Nf -
,e;jg; ghliy mUspr; nra;jtH
gl;bdj;Jg; gps;isahh;
3) fy; tp ap d; rp wg; ig vLj; J
ciuj; jtHfs; ?
xsitg; gpuhl; bahh; > jpUts; StH
4) 'Nfby; tp Or; nry; tq; fy; tp
nahUtw; F khly; y kw; iw ait'
vd;W $wpatH ahh;?
jp Uts; StH
5) kd;dDk; khrwf; fw;ndhDQ; rPH
Jhf; fp d; kd; ddp w; fw; Nwhd;
rp wg; Gilad; - kd; dDf; Fj;
jd; Nwr ky; yhw; rp wg; gp y; iy
fw;NwhHf;Fr; nrd;wtpl nky;yhQ;
rpwg;G" vd;W ghbatH ahh;?
xsitg; gpuhl; bahh;
6) 'tp yf; nfhL kf; fs; midaH
,yq;F Ehy;
fw;whNuh Nlid atH
fz; Zila nud; gH fw; Nwhh;
Kfj; jpuz; L
Gz;ZilaH fy;yh jtH
vd; W jpUtha; kyh; e; jUspath;
ahh; ?
jpUts; St ehadhh;
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233
7) Kw; fhyj; jpy; fy; tpapy; rpwe; J
tpsq;fpa ngz;kzpfs; ahtH?
xsitahh; > g+ jg; ghz; bad;
kidtp> ngUe; Njtpahh; > fhiuf;
fhyk; ikaH> kq; ifah; f; furpahh;
8) ngz; fs; fy; tp ap y; rp we; J
tpsq; fpAs; shh; fs; vd; gJ ahh;
$w; W %yk; njhpa te; Js; sJ?
fk; gH
9) ngUj; j lq; fl; gpiwWjyhh; f; nfyhk;
nghUe; J nry; tKq; fy; tp Ak;
g+j; jyhy; tUe; jp te; jtHf; fP jYk;
itfYk; tpUe; J kd; wp tpistd
ahitNa vd;W $wpath;?
fk; gH
10) mopah nry; tk; vJ -------------
fy; tp
11) mopahr; nry;tkhfpa fy;tpia
ehk; vt; thW gad; gLj; JtJ
KiwahFk; vd; gij vjd; %yk;
mwpayhk; .
fw; wwp thh; fz; lJ mlf; fk;
mlq; fhjhh; nghr; rhe; Je; jk; ik
Gfo; e; Jiug; ghh; "
2. tPur; Rit:-
e.K.Ntq; flrhkp ehl; lhh;
12) Rit vd; Dk; jkpo; r; nrhy; Yk; > -
----------- vd;Dk; tlnrhy;Yk; xNu
nghUs; cilad.
u]k;
13) ehtp dhy; czug; gLk; Rit
vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
MW tifg; gLk;
14) nrtpahy; Efug; gLgit vit?
Fz> myq;fhuq;fshfpa nrhw;
Ritfs;
15) nghUl; Rit vj; jid tifg; gLk; ?
xd; gJ tifg; gLk;
16) vJ mg; nghONj mfd; W tpLk; ?
ehthw; Ritj; J cz; lit
17) vg; nghOJ epiyngw; W ,d; gk;
gag; gJ vJ?
nrtpahw; Ritj; jJ
18) xd; gJ tifahd nghUl; Ritia
$W:
eif> mtyk;> ,opg;G> tpag;G>
mr; rk; > tP uk; > ntFsp> ctif>
rkdpiy vd; gd
19) tpopahYk; > RitahYk; Efug;
gLitfs; vit?
nghUl; Ritfs;
20) xd;gJ RitAs; rkdpiyahtJ
vJ?
rhe; jk;
21) rhe;jk; vd;gJ ahJ?
Ik; nghwpAk; mlq; fg; ngw; Wg; gpwH
itapDk;> tho;j;jpDk; thshw;
NghopYk; > jhspy; tzq; fpDk; >
kde; jhpahJ mtw; iwr; rkkhff;
nfhz; L epw; Fk; epiyikNa
rhe; jk; vdg; gLk; .
22) Rit vd; gJ --------- vd; W $wg; gLk; .
nka; ghL
23) njhy;fhg;gpaH --------- vd;gjid
ngUkp jk; vd; DQ; nrhy; yhw;
Fwpf;fpd;wdh;?
tPuk;
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234
24) ve; j nrhy; yhy; tP uk; Fwpf; fg;
gLfpwJ?
ahtnuhLk; xg; g epy; yhJ Nkk; gl; L
ep w; wyp d; ngUkp jk; vd; Dk;
nrhy; yhy; tP uk; Fwpf; fg; gLfpwJ.
25) ngUkpjk; gpwf; Fk; ehd; F nray; fs;
ahit?
fy;tp> jWfz;> ,ir> nfhil
26) nfhil tP uj; ijAk; > gil tP uj; ij
Ak; vLj; J fhl; Lk; ghl; L
nky; y te; njd; ey; yb nghUe; jp
<nad ,uf; Ft uhapd; > rP Uil
KuRnfO jhaj; J muNrh jQ; rk;
,d; Dap uhapDk; nfhLf; Fntd; .
vd; W eyq; fps; sp vd; w Nrho
kd; dd; giftUld; Ngh h ;
njhlq;F Kd; $Wjy;.
27) ghhpapd; MUapH ez;gH ahh;?
fgp yH
28) gwk; ehL vj; jid CHfis cilaJ?
Ke; EhW CHfis cilaJ
29) Ke; EhW CHfisAk; ahh; ngw; wdh; ?
ghp rp yH ngw; Wtp l; ldH
30) cyfj; J NtW vk; nkhopapYk;
fhzg; glhjJ vJ?
nghUsp yf; fzk;
31) nghUspyf; fzk; vj; jid gphpTfis
cilaJ?
,U gphpTfis cilaJ.
1. mfg; nghUs; > 2. Gwg; nghUs;
32) mt; tpU tif ,yf; fpa ,yf; fzq;
fshYk; czHj; jg; gLtd ahit?
mwk; > nghUs; > ,d; gk; > tP L vd; Dk;
cWjpg; nghUs; fSf; F VJthfpa
fhjnyhOf;fk;> tPunthOf;fk;
33) tP uUf; F vJ Njhy; tpahf mikAk;
vd; W jpUts; StH $Wfpwhh; ?
giftiu ntFz; L Nehf; fpa fz;
mth; Nty; nfhz; L vwpAkplj; J
,ikj; J tpLkhapDk; tPuh; f; F
mJ Nt Njhy; tpahFk; .
$w; Wld; W Nky; thp Dk; $b
najpH epw; Fk;
Mw; w yJNt gil vd; fp whh;
ts; StH
34) thNshL tlf; fpUe; J capH eP j; jtd;
ahh; ?
fhpfhyNdhL Nghh; Ghpe; j ngUQ;
Nruyhjd; vd; Dk; Nru kd; dd;
35) jkp o; kf; fsp d; ,izaw; w
tP uTzh; r; rpf; F vLj; Jf; fhl; L ve; j
Ehypy; cs;sd?
GwehDhW
36) gifth; Nkw; nra; Ak; tz; fz; ik
iag; ------------ vd;W nrhy;tH.
Nguhz; ik
37) Ngu h z; ik nad; g jWfz;
xd; Ww; wf; fhy;
Cuhz; ik kw; wjd; v/F
vd; w Fws; ,uhtzd; Nghhpy;
Njhy; tpAw; W ,Uf; Fk; NghJ ,uhkd;
,d;W Ngha; ehis tUtha; vd
mUs; Ghpe; jdd; vd; Dk; nra; jpia
fk;gehlhh; njhptpf;Fk;
3. fhsj; jpNtlDk; fq; if
NtlDk; -uh.gp .NrJg; gp s; is
38) ahuhy; NtlH Fyk; ngUikAw; wJ?
fhsj; jp Ntld; fz; zg; gd;
kw;Wk; fq;if Ntld; Ffd;
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235
39) fhsj;jp Ntld; ahh;?
fz; zg; gd;
40) fq;if Ntld; ahh;?
Ffd;
41) Njthuj; jpYk; > jpUthrfj; jpYk;
ahUila ngUik Ngrg;gLfpwJ?
fz; zg; gd;
42) irt rkaj; ij epiy epWj; jpa
ehy;tUf;Fk; Ke;jpatd; ahh;?
fz; zg; gd;
43) fhsj;jp ehjid tzq;fpatH?
jpUQhd rk; ge; jH
44) ve;j Ntlid fUthff; nfhz;L
fq;if Ntldhfpa Ffid fk;gH
tbj;Js;shh;?
fhsj; jp Ntlid
45) Nfhriy ehl;L ,sturd; ahh;?
,uhkd;
46) tlnkhop fhtpaj;jpy; ,uhkid
fhz Ffd; tUtJ vt; thW
$wg;gl;Ls;sJ?
XH murd; kw; Nwhh; murid
fhz tUfpd;w jd;ikapy;
47) fk; gH Ffid vt; thW mikj; jpUf;
fpwhh;?
Mz; ltidf; fhzr; nry; Yk;
mbatdhf Ffd; Nfhyj;ijj;
jpUj; jp mikj; Js; shh; .
Njth epd; foy; Nrtpf; f te; jndd;
ehtha; Ntl;Ltd; ehabNad;
48) Ffd; vLj; J nrd; w nghUs; ?
NjDk;> kPDk;
49) ,iwtdplk; gad; fUjh gf;jp
g+z;ltHfs;?
Ffd; kw;Wk; fz;zg;gd;
50) fq; if fiuap Ny ,uhkid
NrHe;jtd; ahh;?
Ffd;
51) fp\; fpe; ijapy; ,uhkid NrHe; jtd;
ahh; ?
Rf; hPtd;
52) ,yq;ifapy; ,uhkid NrHe;jtd;
ahh; ?
tp gP\zd;
53) ifk; khW fUjhj md; gpd; eP Hikia
ed;F tpsf;fpf; fhl;batd; ahh;?
Ffd;
54) tpgP \zd; ,uhkid mile; J
vijg; ngw; whh; ?
,yq; ifauirg; ngw; whh;
55) Rf; hP td; ,uhkid mile; J vijg;
ngw;whh;?
fp\; fpe; ij
56) rPijf;fhf fhl;by; ,uhtzDld;
Nghh; Ghpe;j fOfpd; Nte;jd; ahh;?
rlhA
57) jd;DapH Gfo;f;F tpw;w rlhA"
vd; W nrhy; ypa nrhy; ypd; nry; td;
ahh; ?
mDkhd;
58) gujid vjpHj; J Nghhpl; ltd; ahh; ?
Ffd;
59) Ffidg; NghyTk; > rlhA NghyTk;
,uhkDf; fhf caph; Jwf; fTk;
,aytpy;iy vd tUe;jpatd;?
Rf; hPtd;
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236
60) md; gHfSf; F fyq; fiu tpsf; fkhf
mike;jtHfs; ahh;?
fhsj; jp NtlDk;
fq;if NtlDk;
61) y - s- o xyp NtWghL
myF - gwitapd; %f;F
msF - ngz; kapy;
moF - ftpd;> tdg;G> vopy;
miy - fly; miy
mis - Gw; W
mio - $g; gpL
,iy - kuk; > nrb> nfhbfspd;
,iy
,is - (cly; ) ,isj; jy;
,io - Ehy;
fiy - ftpd; fiyfs;
fis - ePf;F> gapHfis
fio - %q; fpy;
jiy - xh; cWg; G
jis - tpyq; F
jio - jioj; jy;
typ - typik> typj;jy;
tsp - fhw; W
top - ghij
4. Fbkf;fs; fhg;gpak; -
nj.ngh.kPdhl; rp Re; judhh;
62) Kb kf; fs; fijfs; ahit?
tpf; fpukhjpj; jd; fij
kjdfhkuhrd; fij
jp Utp isahly; fs;
esd; fij
mhpre; jpud; fij
JhpNahjdd; fij
,uhkH fij
63) tlnkhopapd; 'Mjp fhtpak; ' vd; W
Gfog; ngWtJ?
thd; kPfpapd; ,uhkhazNk
64) fpNuf; fHfs; goq; fhg; gpak; vd
ghuhl;LtJ?
N`h kH gh ba ,yp al;
vd; gijahFk;
65) nkdy]; vd;w murh; ngUkhdpd;
mofpa kidtpapd; ngah?
n`yd;
66) n`yid rpiw vLj; jtd; ahh; ?
ghhp]; vd; w ,ypa ehl; L ,sturd;
67) ,yj;jPd; nkhopapy; goq;fhg;gpak;
vJ?
tH[py; vd; w ghthzh; ghba <dpl;
68) <dp l; ahUila tuyhw; wp id
$WfpwJ?
<dpa]; vd; w murH ngUkhdpd;
tuyhw; wp id
69) jkpopyf; fpa tuyhw; wpy; Kjy;
Kjyhf fhg; gpak; vdr; rpwg; Gwj;
Njhd;wpaJ vJ?
rp yg; gjp fhuk;
70) Fbkf; fs; fijahf tpsq; FtJ vJ?
rp yg; gjp fhuk;
Nfhtyd; Fbkf; fSs; xUtd;
khjtp - guj; ijahpy; xUj; jp
,tHfSila rpf; fy; tho; f; ifNa
rpyg; gjpfhur; rpj; jpuk;
71) Fbkf; fs; tuyhNw Mjp fhg; gpakhf
ve; j ehl; by; mike; J tpsq; FfpwJ?
jkpo; ehl; by;
72) rq; f fhyNk ------------ fhyk; MFk; .
Gul; rp
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73) Nfhtyd; fz; zfp ap d; fhjy;
tho; it fhl; LtJ?
Gfhh; fhz; lk;
74) fztid ,oe; j fz; zfpNa mtyr;
Ritapd; Moj; ij vLj; Jf; fhl; LtJ?
kJiuf; fhz; lk;
75) fz;zfpf;fhf vLj;j fy;ypid
tlmurH jiy kP J Vw; wp te; j
nrq; Fl; LtdJ tP uj; ij ghLtJ?
tQ; rp fhz; lk;
76) u - w- xyp NtWghL
mhp - jpUkhy; > rpq; fk; > fha; fis mhp
mwp - mwpe;J nfhs;
myhp - myhpg;g+
mywp - mOJ
,uj; jy; - gpr; irnaLj; jy;
,wj; jy; - rhjy;
cuT - typik
cwT - Rw; wk;
ciu - nrhy;
ciw - jiyaiz ciw
vhp - jP
vwp - tP R
fhp - ahid
fwp - fha; fwp> kpsF
Fuq;F - thduk;
Fwq; F - njhil
$iu - tP l; Lf; $iu
$iw - Jzp
rPhpa - rpwe;j
rPwpa - rpde;j
guit - fly;
gwit - gwg; githfpa caphpdk;
kiu - khd; > jhkiu
kiw - Ntjk;
77) fz;zfpf;fhf gj;jpdp Nfhl;ltd;
vLj; jtd; ahh; ?
fathF kd; dd;
78) Kbkf; fs; tho; tp y; fhZk;
rpwg; Gf; fs; vy; yhk; Fbkf; fs;
tho; tpy; fz; lhy; ----------- ,dpf; Fk; .
fhg; gp ak;
79) rpyg; gjpfhuk; ------------ fhg; gpak;
MFk; .
Kj; jkpo;
5. Xa; T - NguwpQH mz; zh
80) ahUf;F Xa;T Neuk; Ntz;Lk;?
ghLgLgtDf; F Xa; T Neuk;
Ntz; Lk;
81) NtiyNa ,y;iy> ehnsy;yhk;
thshtpUf;fpwhd;?
Xa;T my;y mJ nfhLik
82) Ntiy ,Uf; fp wJ - Ntiy
nra; ahky; thshtp Uf; fp whd;
mjw; F ----------- vd; W ngah; .
Nrhk; gy;
83) Ntiy ,Uf; fpwJ - Ntiy nra; j
mYg; gp dh y; Ntiy Neu k;
Kbe; jJk; fl; il Nghy fP No
tp Ofp whd; Jhq; fp tp Lfp whd;
mjw;Fg; ngaH -
Nrhh; T
84) xU NtiyAk; nra;a Ntz;ba
epiyapy; ,y; iy vg; NghJk; Rk; kh
,Uf;fpwhd;. mjw;Fg; ngaH?
xa; ahuk;
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85) Nuhk; ehl; ltH Xa; T Neuj; ij
vt;thW nrytpl;ldH?
kw; Nghh; > thl; Nghh; > kpUfq; fSld;
Nghhpl; L mitfis nty; tJ
Mfpatw; iw Xa; thf fUjpdh;
86) fpNuf; fHfs; Xa; T Neuj; ij vt; thW
nrytpl;ldH?
fhg; gpak; vd; w juk; ngw; w Gjpa
ehlfq; fis fhz; gJ
87) ];ngapd; ehl;lthpd; Xa;T Neuk;?
Kul;Lf; fhisAld; NghhpLtJ
88) goe; jkpoH jkJ Xa; T Neuj; ij
vt;thW nrytpl;ldH?
VWjOTjy; > kw; Nghh;
89) ,q; fpyhe; J ehl; lthpd; Xa; T Neuk;
vt;thW nrytplg;gl;lJ?
Nfhopr; rz;il> fubr; rz;il
90) vOr; rp juj; jf; f nghOJ Nghf; fhff;
vij nfhz; Ls; sJ mnkhpf; fh?
Fj; Jr; rz; ilf; fhf ngUk;
gzk; nrytplg; gl; L tUfpwJ
91) mz;zh xU rPhpa rpe;jidahsH
vd; gjid ve; j fl; Liu
njspTg; gLj; JfpwJ?
Xa; T
6. rkaq; fspd; nghJ eP jp -
Fd; wf; Fb mbfshh;
92) rkak; vd;gJ ahJ?
kdpj cs; sq; fis ,d; g md; gpd;
tpis epykhfj; jFjpg;gLj;jpg;
gf; Ftg; gLj; Jk; jj; Jtj; jpw; F
tho; f; if Kiwf; F rkak; vd; W
ngah;
93) kdp j tho; f; ifia gf; Ftg;
gLj; JtJ vjdpd; Nehf; fk; ?
rkaj; jpd; Nehf; fk;
94) rka epajp kw; Wk; eP jp vJ?
xd;Nw Fyk; xUtNd Njtd;
95) ghrg; gopKjy; gwpg; ghh; Nghy vd; W
$wpatH?
Nrf; fp ohh;
96) Jd; g Neha; f; F kUe; jhf miktJ?
md; G
97) md; G tpijia tpijg; Ngdhf
vd; Wk; kf; fs; vd; dplk; md; G
nrYj; Jtjw; F Kd; eh d;
mth; fsplk; md; G fhl; LNtd; vd; W
nrhd;dtH ahh;?
mh; r; /gpuhd; ]p]; vd; w nghpahh;
98) KfkJ rhNfgpd; mUs; thf; F vJ?
gpwH md; G ghuhl; lhkYk; gpwH
md; Gf; F ghj; jp ukhfhkYk;
,Ug; gtdplk; ew; Fzq; fs; ,uh"
99) Gdpj FH - Mdpd; cgNjrk; ahJ?
khe; jH Fyk; xd; Nw vd; gJk;
mtHfs; midtUk; xU Fykhf
thof; flikgl; bUf; fp d; wdH
vd; gNj Gdp j FH - Mdp d;
cgNjrk;
100) rP d Njrj; jpy; Njhd; wpa Qhdp ahh; ?
fd; g+ \Pa];
101) cdf; Fg; gpbf; fhj xd; iw eP
gpwUf;Fg; gpbf;Fnkd;W epide;J
nra;ahNj vd;W $wpatH ahh;?
fd; g+ \Pa];
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102) ,tH tw; GWj; jpa ew; Fzq; fs;
vj; jid?
Ie; J
103) Rd; [P vd; gJ vj; jidahtJ
ew;Fzk;?
Ie; jhtJ
104) rpj; jhh; j; jiug; Gj; juhf; fpaJ vJ?
md; Gjhd;
105) ,e; J Ntjq; fSs; kpfTk; goikahd
Ntjk; ?
Hpf; Ntjk;
106) jkpo; kiw je; jth; ----------
jp U%yH
107) jpUke; jpuk; tFj; J ciuf; Fk;
nra;jpfs;
rka tho; f; if epajpfs;
xOf; fq; fs;
108) jpU%yH vLj;Jf; fhl;Lk; rka
topg; gl; l flikfs; vj; jid?
ehd; F
109) irt cyfj;jpd; nrQ;QhapW?
mg; gubfs;
110) e> z> -d xyp NtWghL
mzy; - jhb
mdy; - neUg;G
Mzp - ,Uk;ghy; Md Mzp
Mdp - jkpo; khjk;
Cz; - czT
Cd; - ,iwr;rp
fzk; - $l; lk;
fdk; - ghuk;
Ngz; - fhg;ghw;W
Ngd; - jiyapy; thOk; Ngd;
kzk; - eWkzk;
kdk; - cs; sk;
kiz - cl; fhUk; gyif
kid - tP L
khd; - Gs;spkhd;
Ke;ehs; - %d;W ehs;
Kd;dhs; - Ke;ija ehs;
NjePH - Njapiy ePh;
NjdPH - Njd; Nghy ,dpa ePH
jpiz - xOf; fk; > epyk;
jpid - jhdpatif
fid - Fjpiu fidf; fpwJ
fiz - mk; G
111) kuk; - kwk;
kdpjHf;F chpaJ kwk; (tPuk;)
md;Nwy; mtH kuk;!
112) Cd; - Cz;
Cz; - caphpfspd; czT
Cd; - caphpfspd; cly; gFjp
113) fy; - kiyapy; ,Ug;gJ fy;
fs; - gidapy; ,Ug;gJ fs;
114) guit - gue; J ,Ug; gjhy; fliyg;
guit vd; wdH.
gwit - gwe; J tUtjhy; Gs;
,dj;ijg; gwit vd;wdH
115) ,uj; jy; - ,wj; jy;
gz;ila GyNthh; ,uj;jypDk;
,wj; jy; (capH tpLjy; ) ed; nwd
tho; e; jdH.
116) ghp - gwp
mf; fhyf; fs; tHfs; ghp (Fjpiu
apy;) te;J (topg;gwp) gwpj;jy;
nra; jdh; .
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117) fhp - fwp
fhp mLg;gpy; fwp rikg;NghUk;
cz; L
118) mhp - jpUkhy;
mwp - epid
119) gdp - gdpf;fhyk;
gzp - Ntiy
120) fsp - fyp
esidg; gp bj; jp Ue; j fyp
ePq; fpaJ (rdp)
esDk; fspg; gile; jhd; (kfpo; T)
121) tpiy - tpiy Fiwe; jJ
tpis - tpisr; ry; kpFe; jJ
122) xyp - nrtpahy; Nfl;gJ
xsp - fz;zhy; ghh;g;gJ
123) tpsp - miog; G
tpop - fz; tpop
124) xU - xU &gha;
xWg; G - jz; lid
125) kdk; - kzk;
kyhp d; kzj; jp y; kdj; ijg;
gwp nfhLj; Njd;
7.fy; ntl; Lfs; -
jp.ig.rjhrptg; gz; lhuj; jhh;
126) rpw;Wsp nfhz;L fy;jr;rHfshy;
ngh wp f; fg; gl; lJ vt; th W
miof; fg; gLfpwJ?
fy; ntl; Lfs; vdTk; rp yhrh
rdq; fs; vdTk; miof; fg;
gLfp wJ.
127) fy; ntl; Lfs; ek; jha; nkhopahfpa
jkp op y; vOjg; ngw; witfNs
vd; gij mwpTWj; jpatHfs; ahh; ?
Nky; ehl; L NguwpQHfs;
uhgHl; rpnty; > lhf; lH fP y`hh; d; >
lhf; lH gHdy; > lhf; lH g+ yH>
lhf; lH \P y; l; \;
128) eLfy; tpoh gw; wp $Wk; Ehy; ?
GwehD}W
129) eLfy;ypd; Nky; Nghh;f;fsj;jpy;
,we; j tP udpd; ngaUk; ngUikAk;
tiuag; gLk; tof; fk; ,Ue; jJ
vd; gij Fwpf; Fk; Ehy; fs; ahit?
mfehD}W> GwehD}W> kiyg;
gLflhk;
130) ,we; j tP uHfspd; eLfw; fspd; Nky;
nghwp f; fg; gl; l mtHfSila
ngaUk; gP LNk ek; ehl; by; Kjypy;
Njhd;wpa ----------- MFk;.
jkpo; f; fy; ntl; Lfs;
131) filr; rq; fj; jpYk; eLfy; tof; fk;
,Ue; jij tpsf; Fk; Ehy; ?
jpUth&H Kk; kzpf; Nfhit
132) Nrukhd; ngUkhs; ehadhh;
,aw;wpaJ?
jpUth&H Kk; kzpf; Nfhit
'gl; Nlhh; ngaUk; Mw; wYk; vOjp
el; ; lfy; Yk; %JhH ej; jKk; '
133) mf; fhyf; fy; ntl; Lfs; ,f; fhyj; jpy;
vq; F fhzg; gLfpwJ?
nrQ; rpf; fLj; j jpUehjH Fd; wpYk; >
jpUney; Ntyp khtl; lj; jpy; cs; s
Miz kiyapYk; > jpUr; rpuhg; gs; sp
Fd;wpYk;
134) fp . gp . Vohk; Ehw; whz; L Kjy;
xd; gjhk; Ehw; whz; L tiu jkpo;
ehl;bd; Ml;rp Ghpe;jtHfs; ahh;;?
gy; ytH
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135) ahh; Kjypy; fUq;fw; Nfhapy;fs;
mikj; jdH?
gy; yt murHfs;
136) nka; f; fP Hj; jp mikj; J Ml; rpahz; L
tUk; Kiw ahuhy; mwpKfg; gLj; jg;
gl;lJ?
Kjy; ,uhruhr Nrhodhy;
fp.gp.893 Mk; Mz;L
137) nka; f; fP Hj; jp fNshL mike; j
fy; ntl; Lfs; vy; yhk; ve; j
Muha;r;rpf;F rpwe;j Mjuq;fshf
,Uf; fpd; wd?
tuyhw; W Muha; r; rpf; F
138) fy; ntl; Lfspy; Fwpf; fg; gLk; kq; fy
thh;j;ij?
];t];jp =
8. jkpof kfspH -
m.fhkhl; rp Fkhurhkp
139) kidf; F tpsf; fhf tpsq; Fgts;
------------
ngz;
140) tP l; L tho; f; ifapYk; ehl; L tho; f;
ifapYk; rpwe; J tpsq; fpatHfs; ?
xsitahh; > Nfhg; ngUe; Njtp >
g+jg; ghz; bad; kidtp> fz; zfp>
kzpNkfiy
141) jkpof kfspH jk; fztd; khUf; Fg;
ngUik Njbje; jijAk; > tP l; bYk;
ehl; bYk; GfOld; nghypAk; kfspH
jkf;F kidtpauha; tha;g;gjNa
ngUk; Ngwhf fUjpdH MltH
vd; W $Wk; Ehy; vJ?
FWe; njhif ghly; (14)
142) JwTf; Fk; njhz; Lf; Fk; rpwe; j
vLj; Jf; fhl; Lld; tpsq; FtJ ahh; ?
kzp Nkfiy
143) cz;b nfhLj;Njhh; caph; nfhLj;
NjhNu vd; W czTf; nfhil
Ghpe;jtH?
kzp Nkfiy
144) je; ij nfhLj; jDg; gpa nfhOQ;
Nrhw;iwAk; nfhs;s tpUk;ghJ>
jw; nfhz; lhd; tsj; jp w; Nfw; g>
ehSf; F xU Ntis czNt
cz; Zk; epiyia ve; jg; ghly;
fhl; LfpwJ?
ew;wpiz 10
145) ehLtpl;L ehL nrd;W eak;glj;
JhJiuj;jtH
xsitahh;
146) tP l; bYk; khiyap y; ky; yp if
kyh; e; jJk; tpsf; fpidNa ney; Yk;
kyUe;Jhtp topg;gl;ldH ngz;fs;
vd; gjid ve; j Ehy; $WfpwJ?
neLey; thil
147) rq;f fhyj;jpy; Fbirf; ifj;
njhopy; fs; vdg; nghpJk; Ngrg; gLk;
Ehy; Ehw; G> Xiy Ntiy
Kjypad eilngw;wd vd;gij
tpsf;Fk; nrhw;nwhlHfs; ahJ?
gUj; jpg; ngz; bh; > ,Uk; gdq; Fil
vd;Dk; nrhw;nwhlHfs;
148) kh jtp ap d; Mly; gh ly;
jpwikfis $Wk; ghl; L?
mfehDhw; W ghly;
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149) tpUe;Njhk;gypd; ngUe;jd;ikia
tpsf;FgtH ahh;?
xy; fhg; Gfo; njhy; fhg; gpah;
150) mf;fhyj;jpy; tpUe;J vd;w nrhy;
------- vdg; nghUs; gl;lJ.
GJik
12 Mk; tFg; G
ciueilg; gFjp :-
1. caHjdpr; nrk;nkhop
ghpjpkhw; fiyQH
tp .Nfh.#hp aehuhaz rhj; jp hp ahh;
1) jkp o; nkhop vj; jid gp hp T
fSilaJ?
,ay; > ,ir> ehlfk; vd %d; W
gp hp TfisAilaJ
2) ,aw;wkpnod;gJ ahJ?
nghJikapd; ,Utif tof; fpDk;
,aq; Ffpd; w trdKQ; nra; AS
khFk;
3) ,irj; jkpnod; gJ ahJ?
gz; nzhL fye; Je; jhsj; njhL
$baJ> ,jd; fz; > fP Hj; jdq;
fSk; thp g; ghl; LfSk; > rp e; J>
Mde; jf; fspg; G> Fk; kp> njk; ghq; F
Kjypait mlq; Fk;
4) vitnay; yhk; ,ir jkpohFk; ?
,ir EZf; fk; > jhs tifNahj; J
,ilf; fhyj; jpy; Njhd; wpa Njthuk;
,f;fhyj;J ntspg;gl;LyTfpd;w
fe; j Guhzf; fP Hj; jid> nghpa
Guhz fP Hj; jid> rq; fP j re; jphpif
5) ehlfj; jkpOf;F Kd;NdhLahf
mike; jJ?
,irj; jkpo;
6) ehlfj; jkpOf;F rpwg;G tpsf;fk;
je; jJ vJ?
,irj; jkpo;
7) ehlfj; jkpOf;F ,d;wpaikahJ
vJ?
,irj; jkpo;
8) ehlfj; jkpo; ahUf;fhf tFf;fg;
gl;lJ?
ifap y; EhnyLj; Jg; gbj; jw;
Fhpa mtfhrkpy;yhj Ntiyf;
fhuHfSf;Fk; gbf;fj; njhpahj
th; fSf; Fk; ey; ywpT Gfl; Lk;
Nehf; NfhL GFj; jg; gl; lJ.
9) cyfj; jpd; ,ay; gpid cs; sij
As; sthNw Gide; J fhl; LtJ vJ?
ehlfj; jkpo;
10) rh];jpuf; fy;tpAilahh;f;Fg; ------
,d; wpaikahNj
ghi\awp Tk;
11) jkpopd; topnkhopfs; vJ?
njYq; F> fd; dlk; > kiyahsk; >
JS
12) cz;zhl;L nkhopfs; ahit?
njYq; F> fd; dlk; > kiyahsk; >
JS
13) jdpnkhop vd;gJ ahJ?
jhd; toq; Fk; ehl; bw; gapYk;
kw; iwa nkhopfspd; cjtpapd; wp
jdpj; J ,aq; Fty; yNj jdpnkhop
vdg;gLk;
14) njd; dhl; LaH jdpr; nrk; nkhop
vJ?
jkpo;
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15) jpirr; nrhw;fs; rhh;e;j nkhopfs;
1. Fy;yh - ghh;]p
2. hpf;\h - [g;ghdp
3. g[hh; - ghh;]p
4. mykhhp - Nghh;r;RfPrpak;
5. vf; fr; rf; fk; - njYq; F
6. egh; - mugp
7. Ngdh - Nghh;RfPrpak;
8. ,dhk; - cUJ
9. &gha; - ,e;J];jhdp
10. [h];jp - cUJ
11. Jl;L - lr;R
12. gPNuh - gpnuQ;R
13. fLjhrp - Nghh;r;RfPrpak;
16) kuGr; nrhw; fis mwpf:
gyhg;gpQ;R - gyh%R
thiog;gpQ;R - thiof;fr;ry;
KUq; ifgpQ; R - KUq; ifr; ruL
mtiug; gpQ; R - mtiug; nghl; L
khk; gpQ; R - khtL
,se;Njq;fha; - tOf;if
Kw; wpa Njq; fha; - new; W
2. rkurk; - jpU.tp.fypahz
Re; judhh;
17) kdpjid vJ rkur Qhdpahf;F
tjpy; iy?
mOf; fhW> mth> ntFsp Kjypad
18) mOf; fhW vd ftpQH Fwpg; gpLtJ
vJ?
ehL> nkhop> rkanewp> rhjp
19) ehL vd; Dk; gw; why; vij
,of; fpd; wdH?
rkurk; (kw;w ehLfis jhf;F
tjd; %yk;)
20) rkurf; Nfhap iy tlYhhp y;
mikj; jtH?
,uhkypq; f Rthkpfs;
21) mUl; ngUQ; Nrhjpia mUspr;
nra;jtH?
,uhkypq; f Rthkpfs;
22) vJ cs; stiu rkurk; Qhdk; ngw
KbahJ?
Ntw;Wik czHT cs;stiu
23) epWj; jw; Fwpfs; :-
1. fhy; Gs; sp (>)
2. miug; Gs; sp (; )
3. Kf; fhy; Gs; sp (:)
4. Kw; Wg; Gs; sp (.)
5. Kg; Gs; sp ()
6. Nfs;tpf; Fwp (?)
7. czr;rp Fwp (!)
8. ,ul;il Nkw;Nfhs;Fwp ( )
9. xw; iw Nkw; Nfhs; Fwp ( )
10. jdp Nkw;Nfhs; Fwp ()
11. Nkw;gb Fwp ()
12. gpiw milg; G ( )
13. rJu milg;G [ ]
14. ,izg;Gf; NfhL (-)
15. rha; NfhL (/)
16. mbf;NfhL (-)
17. cLf; Fwp (*)
3.ftpij NguhrphpaH
v]; .itahGhpg; gps; is
24) trdj; jp w; Fk; > ftp ijf; Fk;
,yf; fzk; tFj; jtH?
Nfhyhp l; [;
25) nrhw; fis rp we; j Kiwap y;
itg; gJ vJ?
trdk;
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26) rpwe; j nrhw; fis rpwe; j Kiwapy;
itg; gJ vJ?
ftp ij
27) ftp ijiag; gw; wp Nthh; l; ];
nthh;j;jpd; fUj;J?
Mw; wy; ep uk; gp a nrhw; fs;
jhkhfg; nghq; fp toptJ ftpij
28) fP l; ]; vd; w ftpQH ftpijia gw; wp
$WtJ?
fhy; tha; ,y; yhj ,lj; jpy; nga; j
xspkioNa ftpij vd; wdH
29) [hd; u];fpd; ftpijia gw;wp
$WtJ?
rPhpa czh; r; rpf; Fhpa fhuzq;
fisg; gh tdh rf; jp ah y;
Fwpg; gLtJ ftpijahFk;
30) Ehjd Mq; fpy Ngufuhjp ftpijia
gw; wp vd; d $WfpwJ?
nra; As; newpapy; ,aw; wg; gLtNj
ftpij vd; W $WfpwJ
31) ftpijapd; KjyhtJ ,ay; G vJ?
KjyhtJ ,ay; G nra; As;
tbtpy; mike; jpUj; jy;
32) ftpijapd; ,uz;lhtJ ,ay;G
vJ?
cyf cz; ikia fhl; bYk;
ghtdh rf; jpapd; ,ay; GfisNa
Nkw; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;
33) ,uhgHl; gl;ld; vd;gtH $WtJ
ahJ?
vy; yhf; ftpQHfSk; igj; jpaf;
fhuh; fNs
4. kf;fs; tho;f;if
34) mf; fhy kf; fsp d; ey; yp ay; G
fshfTk; rpwe; j nfhs; iffshTk;
tpsq; fpatd ahit?
,dp ikahf NgRjy; > eLT
epiyikahf ,Uj;jy;> ,ad;w
tiug; gpwHf;F cjTjy;> gpwH
nra; j cjtp ia vf; fhuzq;
nfhz; Lk; vd; Wk; kwthjpUj; jy;
35) mf; fhy kf; fspd; njhopy; tiffs; ?
coT> thzpfk; > nerT
36) mf; fhy kf; fspd; xw; Wikapy;
jP h; khd nfhs; if vJ?
ahJk; CNu ahtUq; NfspH"
37) jk; NkhL gofpatHfs; jkf; F eQ; R
Cl; bDk; mjid kwh ty;
cz; ghh; ? mij ve; j Ehy;
tpsf; FfpwJ?
ew; wpiz
Ke; ij ,Ue; J el; Nlh h ;
nfhLg; gpd; eQ; Rk; cz; gH edpeh
fhp RH"
38) capH Neak; vd; gJ ,y; yhj tiu
vd; W nrhy; tjw; F topapy; iy?
ehfhp fH
39) fw; wtHfs; ve; j Ntw; WikAq;
fUjhky; kjpf; fg; gl; L te; jdH
vd; gij $Wk; Ehy; ?
GwehDhW
40) mf; fhy kf; fs; ----------- ia ,opthf
fUjpdH.
,uj; jy;
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245
41) ve; j Ehypd; %yk; mf; fhy kf; fs;
gpwH nghUis tpUk;GtJ ,y;iy
vd; gij czuyhk; ?
FWe; njhif
42) cyfk; ehlhfthtJ ,Uf;fl;Lk;:
fhlhfthtJ ,Uf;fl;Lk; vq;Nf
ey; ytHfspUf; fpd; whh; fNsh mq; Nf
mJTk; ey; yjhf ,Uf; Fk; vd; w
fUj;J ,Uf;Fk; ghly; vJ?
GwehDhW
ehlh nfhd; Nwh fhlh nfhd; Nwh
mtyh nfhd; Nwh kp irah
nfhd; Nwh
vt; top ey; yt uhlyH
mt;top ey;iy thopa epyNd
43) xw; iwg; gpiwf; NfhL tUk; ,lq; fs; :-
1. nkhop ngaHg;G:
njhiyf; fhl; rp (Television) vd; gJ
,e; ehspy; Clfq; fspy; (Media)
Kjd; ik ngw; W tpsq; FfpwJ
2. nghUs; $wy;: epiynkhop
(mjhtJ Kjypy; epw; fpd; w nkhop)
3. nrhy;tU tpUj;jy;:-
kyub (jhkiu) kyH Nghd; w ghjk;
44) ,ul; ilg; gpiwf; NfhL tUk;
,lq; fs; :-
1. gythpfSf;Fg; nghJthd nra;jp
fz;zdJ fU epwk;
fz; zdJ moF - Mwh k;
Ntw; Wikj; jw; fpoik
2. fhy,lf; Fwpg;G:
,lk;: jQ;rht+H
ehs; : 10.02.2004 gfu milg; G
tUkplk; thpf;F kpQ;rpa gFjp
xUikAld; ep dJ jp Ukyub
epidf; fpd; w cj; jkH jk; cwT
Ntz; Lk;
NgR vd; gJ Vty; tpidKw; W
NgRf vd; gJ tpaq; Nfhs; tpidKw; W.
Mq; fpyj; jpy; mUs; $He; J> jaT
nra;J NgRf vd;Dk; nghUspy;
tUk; Please speak vd; W nrhy; tijg;
NgRf vd; W $wpdhw; NghJk; mNj
nghUisj; jUk;
Please speak - NgRf
Please bring - nfhzh;f
Please type - jl;lr;R nra;f
45) jkpopirapy; ,Ue;j ehd;F ,ir
Kiwfs; ahit?
Maghiy> tl; lghiy> jphpNfhz
ghiy> rJu ghiy
46) Vl;L Rtbfspy; --------- nra;jpfs;
nghjpe; J itf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ?
rpj;j kUj;Jtk;
5.MTe; jkpoUk;
47) nkhop QhapW vd;W miof;fg;
gl;ltH ahh;?
NjtNeag; ghthzH
48) jkp o; ehl; by; jiy rp wg; ghf
Nghw; wg; gl; lJ vJ?
'M
49) kf; fs; ehfhpfj; Jf; F chpa ehd; F
epiyfs; ahit?
FwpQ; rp> Ky; iy> kUjk; > efuk;
50) ve; j epiyAilatUf; Nf 'M
njhlHG ,Ue;jpUf;f $Lk;?
FwpQ; rp epiy
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51) 'M thdJ Kjd; Kjypy; ahh;
epyj;jpw;Nf chpa tpyq;F?
Fwp Q; rp
52) Ml;ilAk; khl;ilAk; ngUthhp
aha; tsHj; J mtw; wpd; CidAk;
ghiyAk; cz; L tho; e; jtHfs;
Ky; iy epyj; jpy; ,Ue; j MaHfs;
53) MaHfs; vij rpwg; ghf tsHe; jdH?
khl; il rpwg; ghf tsHe; jdH
54) jw; fhyj; jpy; 'M vd;Dk; ngaH
ve; j ghiy Fwpj; jJ?
ngz; ghiy Fwpj;jJ
55) ---- vd;gJ tpyq;Fg; nghJ ngah;>
Fjpiug; ngaH
kh
56) --- vd; Dk; ngaNu M vd; W
jphpe; jpUf; fyhk;
kh
57) khL vt; thW Kf; fhukpLk; -----------
khmm
58) Ky; iy epyj; jpy; Njhd; wpaJ?
coT
59) coT ve; j epyj; jpy; rpwg; gile; jJ?
kUj epyj;jpy;
60) gfL ele; j $o; " vd; W $WtJ
vJ?
ehybahh;
61) khl; bypUe; J ngwg; gLk; nghUs; fs;
ahit?
CDk; ghYk; > Njhy; > nfhk; G>
curid (Nuhrid)> thy;kapH>
rhzk;
62) tP l; ilj; Jg; GuT nra; aTk;
mLg; nghpf; fTk; gapUf; FukplTk; -
-------- cjTfpwJ.
rhzk;
63) rpwe; j czTk; kUe; Jk; vJ?
jap Uk; NkhUk; ntz; nzAk;
nea; Ak; ghypUe; J vLf; fg; gLtd
64) Kd; idj; jkpoH vij nry; tkhf
fUjp te;jdH?
khl;bdj;ijr; nry;tkhf fUjp
te; jdH
65) ghy; Kjy; nea; aP whfTs; s Ie; Jk;
----------- vdg; gLk; .
IaKjk; (gQ; rhkpUjk; )
66) jpiz tOTf; F vLj; Jf; fhl; L
jUf:-
'vd; mk;ik te;jhs;
mtSf;Fg; Gy;ypL
vd; mg;gd; te;jhd;
mtDf;Fj; jz;zPH fhl;L
67) MTf; Fk; M Ntw; Wf; Fk; kf; fs;
,l;l ngaHfs; ahit?
rhj; jd; rhj; jp> nfhw; wd; nfhw; wp>
Kltd; Klj; jp > nfhLk; Gw
kUjd;> nfhLk;Gw kUjp
68) khLNghYioj; jy; vd; Dk; nrhy;
tof; F vjdhy; vOe; jJ?
fh is kf; fl; fh f kp f
cioj; jyp dhy;
69) fhis tpliy vd; Dk; ngaHfs;
ahUf; F ctikahF ngauhf
toq; fp te; jd?
kwtHf; Fk; > FWk; gurHf; Fk; toq; fp
te;jd
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70) ,isQhpd; typikia mwptjw; F
--------msitahff; nfhs; sg; gl; lJ.
VW jOty;
71) Mokhd Mw; iw vijg; gw; wp
fle;jdH?
Mtpd; thiyAk; > M NtWtpd;
thiyAk;
72) MNtW vd; gJ ------- Fwpf; Fk; .
fhisia
73) tho;f me;jzH thdth; Mdpdk;
vd; wth; -------------
jp UQhdrk; ge; jH
74) M tpw; F --------- vd; Wk; ngah; .
Nfh
75) vd; jh vd; Dk; tpid ,e; jpapy; -
---------- vd; Wk; miof; fg; gLfpwJ.
Njt;
76) jh - vd; Dk; tpid ,yj; jP dpy; -
--------- vd; W toq; fg; gLfpwJ.
Njh
77) Nfhtd; vd;gJ ahiu Fwpf;Fk;?
murid Fwpf; Fk;
78) fpwpj;jthpd; rka MrphpaH Mq;fp
yj; jpy; vt; thW miof; fg; gl; lhh; ?
Nka;g;gH vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhh;
79) Nfhtd; -- rptd;
( Mad; Mep iuia fhg; gJ
Nghy; flTs; kf; fis fhj; J
tUjy; )
80) Mkh vd; Dk; jkpo; nrhy; -----------
Fwpf; Fk; .
fhl; Lg; gRit
81) Nfh vd;Dk; Fiwr; nrhy; ahiu
Fwpf;Fk;?
mu ridAk; > je; ijiaAk;
Fwp f; Fk;
82) "epd; Nfh thpD kpq; Nf" vd; D
kplj; jpy; 'Nfh' vd; gJ ahiu
Fwpf;Fk;?
je; ijiaf; Fwpf; Fk;
83) kpsF eP iur; (rhw; w KJ) rhj; jKJ
vd;gJ ahUila kuG?
itztH kuG
84) jP kpjpay; jpUtpohtpy; jP f; Fopiag;
------- jP kp jp aiy ----- vd; Wk;
nrhy; Yjy; kuG
G+f; Fopnad; Wk; > g+kpjpay;
85) jp Ukzk; Kjyp a kq; fy
epfo;r;rpfSf;F fPw;W Ntatjid
nfhl;lif vd;gJ ------------- kuG
nrl; b ehl; L
86) Mrphpaiu IaH vd; Nw miog; gJ
-------- kuG
NtYhh; Mk; g+H tl; lj; jhh;
87) mkp o; jj; ij cg; Gr; rhW vd; W
$WtJ -------------- kuG
rPuq; fk; Nfhtpy;
88) Nfby; tpOr; nry; tq; fy; tp
nahUtw;F
khly;y kw;iw ait" vd;Dk;
Fws; $Wk; fUj; J
gz; ilAyfk; KOikAk; khNl>
kf;fs; nry;tkhape;jJ mjdhy;
nry;tk; khnldg;gl;lJ
89) czit tpistpg;gJk; jhDk;
cztspg; gJk; vJ?
khL
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6. ePjp Ehy;fspy;
,yf; fpa eak;
90) eP jpfisf; $w vOe; jit?
ePjp Ehy; fs;
91) ,t;thW elf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W
tpjpj; Jk; > ,t; thW elf; ff; $lhJ
vd; W tpyf; fpAk; nry; tJ ------vd; w
Ehy;fspd; ,ay;G.
ePjp Ehy; fspd; ,ay; G
92) tho; f; ifiar; rP HgLj; j mike; j
Ehy; --------
ePjp Ehy; fs;
93) jkpopy; mwEhy;fspy; Kjd;ik
ahdJ?
jpUf; Fws;
94) ,ilf; fhldhh; Fwisg; gw; wp
$wpa fUj;J ahJ?
fLifj; Jisj;J Vo;fliyg;
Gfl;bf; FWfj;jwpj;j Fws;"
95) rpwe; j eaq; fisj; jd; ghy; mlf; fpf;
nfhz;bUg;gJ vJ?
jpUf; Fws;
96) jpUts;StH jhd; fz;l nghpa
fdtpd; topahf kf; fSf; F FWfpa
mbfspy; ve;j Fwis mUsr;
nra;jhh;.
',ue; Jk; caph; tho; jy; Ntz; bw;
gue; J
nfLf cyfpaw;wp ahd;
97) ,uj;jy; nfhbaJ vd;w ePjpia
fhl;l tpUk;Gk; Ehy;?
jpUf; Fws;
98) fP o; kf; fis -------- Mfpa giwf; F
xg;ghfr; nrhd;dhh;
jk; gl; lk;
99) fathplk; ,ufrpak; $wf; $lhJ
vd; w eP jpia tpsf; Fk; Fws; ?
miwgiw ad; dH fath; jhq; Nfl; l
kiwgpwh; f; F caj; Jiuf; f yhd;
100) ,uz;lbapy; ePjpia $Wk; Ehy;?
jpUf; Fws;
101) ehd; F mbapy; eP jpia $Wk; Ehy;
--------
ehybahh;
102) nry; tk; epiyNgWilajd; W mope; J
NghFe; jd; ikaJ vd; w fUj; ij
tpsf; Fk; ghl; L --------
ehybg; ghl; L
103) tapw;iw tsHg;gjw;fhf ------- Ngrp
jphpa Ntz;lhk;
,r; rfk;
104) tapw; iw tsHg; gjw; fhf ,r; rfk;
Ngrp jphpa Ntz; lhk; vd; gij
tpsf; Fk; ghly; vJ?
Nghw; wpNa Nghw; wpNa nad; W
GJr;nry;tk;
Njhw; wpahh; fz; nzyhk; njhz; Nl
Nghy; - Mw; wy;
gap w; wp g; gap w; wp g; gyTiug; g
njy; yhk;
tapw; Wg; ngUkhd; nghUl; L
105) yso NtWghL
miy - fly; miy miye; J
jphpjy;
mio - $g; gpL
mis - japH> gpir
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106) ,iy - kuk;> nrb nfhbfspd;
,iy
,io - nra; > Ehy; ,io
,is - nkype; J Nghjy;
107) ciy - rikf; f ciy itj; jy; >
ciyf; fsk;
cio - ghLgLjy; > ciog; G
cis - gplhpkaph;> NrW
108) xyp - xir
xop - mopj; JtpL> njhiyj; J tpL
xsp - ntspr; rk; > gJq; fpnfhs;
109) fiy - tpj; ij> fiye; JNghjy;
fio - %q; fpy;
fis - taypy; fisnaLj; jy;
Kfj; jpd; xsp
110) fpyp - mr; rk; > gyk;
fpop - Jz; lhf; fpopj; jy; > NfhL
fpopj; jy;
fpsp - xU gwit
111) jiy - Kjd; ik> rpuR
jio - Gy; > ,iy
jis - fl; Ljy;
112) jhyp - fztd; kidtpf; Ff; fl; Lk;
rpd;dk;
jhop - Flk; thafd;w ghz;lk;
jhsp - xU tifg; ghid> Fok; G
jhspj; jy;
113) tiy - kP d; gpbtiy
tio - xUtif kuk; > RuGd; id
kuk;
tis - nghe; J> tisay; > tisT
114) thy; - tp yq; fp d; thy; gFjp
ntz; ik
tho; - capH tho; > gpioj; jpU
ths; - ntl; Lk; fUtp> xsp nghUe; jpa
115) thiy - ,sk; ngz;
thio - kutif
this - kP d; tif
7. kdpjH tho;f - lhf;lH
K.tujuhrdd;
116) rpWtd; vijg; Nghw; Wfpd; whd;
gyifAk; > gy; g; gj; ijAk;
117) goq; fhyj; jpy; ele; j NjHjy; Kiw
ahJ?
ifia caHj; Jtjd; %yk; > Fl
Xiy %yk; NjHjy; eilngw; wJ
118) ahh; tho; tjw; fhfNt kf; fs;
fUtpahf gad; gl Ntz; bAs; sJ?
fl; rp fs;
119) fl;rpfis fhg;ghw;w gad;gLtJ
NkilfSk; > gj; jphpf; iffSk;
120) kf; fs; goq; fhyj; jpy; ------- > -------
fz; L kaq; fpdhh; fs;
gilfisAk; > gilfUtpfisAk;
121) ,d; iwa kf; fs; ----- > ------- Nfl; L
kaq;fpwhh;fs;
gj; jp hp f; iffisAk; > Nkilg;
Ngr; RfisAk;
122) vj;njspT Vw;gLk; fhyk; te;J
nfhz; bUf; fpwJ?
vg; nghUs; ahh; ahh; tha; Nfl; gpDk;
mg; nghUs; nka; g; nghUs;
fhz; gJ mwpT vd; w fhyk; te; J
123) fpuhk kf; fs; vij ek; gp thoj;
njhlq;Fthh;fs;?
$l; LwitAk; > ciog; igAk;
ek; gp thoj; njhlq; Fthh; fs;
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250
124) kdp j tho; tp y; cz; ikahd
mbg;gilahf cs;sit?
ciog;G kw;nwhd;W $l;LwT
125) $l; LwTf; F ,ilAWfhf ,Ug; git
nty; y ----- Ntz; Lk; ?
mwg; gil Ntz; Lk;
126) ciog; Gf; Fg; gQ; rk; te; jhy;
mjnty; y ----- Ntz; Lk;
cOep yk;
127) Vw; wj; jho; T ,y; yhj rKjhak;
miktjw; F vJ top
Ruz; LNthUk; > Ruz; lg; gLNthUk;
,y; yhj rhjp rkak; fl; rp ,tNa
Vw;wj;jho;T ,y;yhj rKjhak;
cUthtjw;F topahFk;
128) mytYff; fiyr; nrhy; - mtw; wpd;
jkpohf; fk; :
1. nuf;fhh;l; - Mtzk;
2. nrful;lhp - nrayH
3. NkNd[H - NkyhsH
4. igy; - Nfhg; G
5. GNuhNehl; - xg;Gr;rPl;L
6. ghy;fdp - Kfg;G khlk;
7. gh];Nghh;l; - flTr;rPl;L
8. bird; - tbtikg; G
9. tprh - EioT ,irT
10. nlypNfl; - NguhsH
11. ];ng\y; g]; - jdpg; NgUe;J
12. GuNghry; - fUj;JU
13. Ml;Nlhfpuhg; - tho; njhg;gk;
14. tprpl;bq; fhh;L - fhz;Gr;rPl;L
15. gphPg; Nf]; - FWk; ngl;b
16. yk; rk; - jpul; rpj; njhif
17.nkapd; NuhL - Kjd; ikr; rhiy
18. GNuhl;Nlhfhy; - kuGj;jfT
19.nrf; - fhNrhiy
20. urPJ - gw;Wr;rPl;L
21. rhk;gpad; - thif #b
8. jkpo;ehl;Lf; fiyr;
nry; tq; fs;
129) Mafiyfs; mWgj;J ehd;F"
vd; w KJ nkhopf; Nfw; g gy
tifahd fiyfis ghq; Fw
mikj; jtH?
jkp oh; fs;
130) kp fkp fg; goq; fhyk; KjNy
jkpofj; jpy; rpwg; Gg; ngw; W tpsq; Fk;
fiyfs; ahit?
fl; llf; fiy> rp w; gf; fiy>
Xtpaf; fiy
131) g+k; Gfhhpy; eilngw; w mfo; tha; tpy;
fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;l nghUs;fs;?
Gj; j tpfhuk; kw; Wk; Vw; Wkjp
,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gLk; Kfj;J
thuf; fl; llKk; fz; L gpbf; fg;
gl; ld
132) fp.gp.11-12 Mk; Ehw; whz; ilr; NrHe; j
fl; llg; gFjp fs; ve; j mfo;
tha;tpy; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;ld?
nfhw; ifapy; ele; j mfo; tha; tpy;
133) jkpo; ehL muR njhy; nghUs;
Ma; Tj; Jiwapy; fz; L gpbf; fg;
gl;lJ vJ.
Kjyhk; ,uhNre; jp u Nrhod;
vLgpj; J tho; e; j muz; id gFjp
fz; L gpbf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ.
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134) jkp o; ehl; by; fhzg; ngWk;
Filtiuf; Nfhapy;fSs; kpfTk;
goikahdJ?
,uh keh jGuk; kh tl; lj; ij
NrHe; j gps; isahh; gl; b vd; Dk;
Chpd; Filtiuf; Nfhapy; (,J
ghz; baHfsJ gilg; ghFk; )
135) ve; j Ehw; whz; NlhL Filtiuf;
Nfhapy;fs; mikf;Fk; gzp epd;W
tpl;lJ?
fp.gp;.9 Mk; Ehw;whz;L
136) Filtiuf; Nfhapy; fis mikj; j
tHfs; ahh;?
gy; ytH fs; > gh z; baH fs; >
mjpaH> Kj; jiuah;
137) jdpj;jdp Fd;Wfisr; nrJf;fp
Nfhapyhf; Fk; Kiw ahUila
fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ?
gy; ytH> ghz; baH
138) jdpj; jdp Fd; Wfis nrJf; fp
nfh ap yh f; Fk; Kiw ve; j
Ehw;whz;NlhL epd;W tpl;lJ?
fp.gp.8 Mk; Ehw;whz;L
139) jdpj;jdp Fd;Wfisr; nrJf;fp
Nfhapyhf; Fk; Kiwf; F vLj; Jf;
fhl;lhf mike;j Nfhapy;?
khky; yGuj; jp y; cs; s Ie; J
u jq; fSk; > fOFkiyap y;
cs; s ntl; Lthd; NfhapYk;
140) fw; fis xd; NwhL xd; whf mLf; fp
mikf; Fk; Nfhapw; gzp ahUila
fhyj; jpYk; ,e; ehspYk; njhlHe; J
epytp tUfpwJ?
gy; ytH> ghz; baH
141) gy;ytH fhyj;J rpwe;jitfshf
fUjg;gl;lJ vJ?
khky; yGuj; J flw; fiuf; Nfhapy; >
fhQ; rp Guj; J ifyhaehjH
Nfhapy;
142) ghz;baH fhyj;jpy; rpwe;jJ?
jpUg; gj; Jhh; jpUj; jspehjH
143) NrhoH fhyj;J rpwe;jitfs;?
ehh; j; jhkiy tprahya NrhoP r;
Ruk; > jQ; ir ,uhruhNrr; Ruk; >
vd;Dk; jQ;irg; ngUTilahh;
Nfhapy; fq;if nfhz;l Nrho
Guj; Jf; fq; if nfhz; l NrhoP r;
Ruk; > jhuhRuk; > IuhtNjRtuH
Nfhap y; > jp hp Gtdk; jp hp Gtd
tp Nur; Ruk;
144) Nfhapy;fspy; NfhGuk; mikj;jy;
ahUila fhyj; jpy; njhlq; fpaJ?
gy; ytH fhyj; jpy;
145) Nfhapy;fspy; NfhGuk; mikj;jy;
cd;djepiy mile;j fhyk;?
tpraefu kd; dHfs; fhyj; jpy;
146) gy; ytH fhyj; Jr; rpw; gpfs; vij
nrJf;Ftjpy; rpwe;J tpsq;fpdh;?
ahidapd; cUtj; ij
147) rpw; g ,ay; ty; YeHfs; ahiu
ghuhl;bg; NgRtH?
gy; ytH fhyj; J rp w; gp fis
ghuhl; bg; NgRtH
148) gy; ytH fhyj; J rpw; gpfs; vjw; fhf
ghuhl;lg; ngw;wdH?
Nfhap iyNa xU rp w; gkhf
tbj; njLj; jjhy;
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252
149) ahUila fhyj; jp y; kdp jj;
jd;ikf;Fk; clw; $WfSf;Fk;
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; jug;gl;ld?
tpraefu ehaf;fH fhyq;fspy;
150) tpraefu ehaf; fH fhyq; fspy;
ahUila fyhr; rhuj; jhf; fk;
Vw;gl;lJ?
Kfk; kjp aH
151) -------- Mz;LfSf;F Kd;gpUe;Nj
jkpo; ehl;by; nrg;Gg;gbkf; fiy
kpf cd;dj epiyapy; tsHr;rp
mile;Js;sJ
Rkhh; 2800
152) nrg; Gg; gbkf; fiyf; F rhd; W
ahJ?
Mjpr; r ey; Yhhpy; (jpUney; Ntyp
khtl; lk; ) fpilj; Js; s nja; tr;
nrg; Gj; jpUNkdp
153) gy; ytH fhy nrg; Gj; jpUNkdpfSf; F
vLj; Jf; fhl; L?
$u k; > elu h rH > nfh LKb>
jp hp Guhe; jfH> jp hp GuRe; jhp
154) nrg; Gj; jpUNkdpfspd; nghw; fhyk;
vd;gJ ahUila fhyk;?
NrhoH fhyk;
155) nrg; Gj; jpUNkdpfs; nra; jspg;
gijj; jhk; ,k; kz; Zyfpy; gpwe; j
jd; flik vd; W vz; zpatHfs; ?
nrk; gpad; khNjtp
156) NrhoH fhyj; J nrg; Gj; jpUNkdpfs;
vt;thW nra;ag;gl;ld?
Mfk Ehy; fspy; Fwpf; fg; gl; Ls; sJ
Nghd; W mjw; Nfw; gr; nra; a
ngw;wit
157) nrg;Gg; gbkf; fiy ahUila
fhyj; jp y; rp wg; gp oe; J fhzg;
gLfpwJ?
tpraefu ehaf; fH fhyj; jpy;
158) Xtpaj; ij ntWe; njhopyhff;
fUjhJ xU ------ rhjdkhfNt
fUjpdH.
Nahf
159) ve; j Ehw; whz; bd; njhlf; fj; jp
ypUe; J Xtpaq; fs; fhzg; gLfpd; w?
Vwf; Fiwa fp . gp 7 Mk;
Ehw;whz;bd; njhlf;fj;jpypUe;J
160) Xtpaf; fiyf; F mUk; gzpaw; wpa
kd;dHfs;?
gy; yt kd; dHfs; kw; Wk; Nrho
kd; dHfs;
161) gy;yt kd;dHfspy; ahh; rpwe;j
Xtpadhf tpsq;fpdh;?
kNfe; jp utHkd;
162) Xtpa fiyf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lha;
tpsq;Fk; Nfhapy;fs;?
khkz; ^Hf; Fiffsp d; ntsp
kz; lgj; jp Yk; > fh Q; rp Gu k;
ifyhrehjH Nfhapy;> gdkiy
Nfhapy; > jQ; irg; ngUTilahh;
Nfhap y;
163) ve; j Nfhapypy; fhzg; gLk; Xtpak;
kpfTk; rpwg; G tha; e; jJ?
gdkiyapy; cs; s kz; lgj; jpy;
fhzg; gLk; vop yhh; e; j Mly;
kfspd; Xtpak;
164) kur;rpw;gf;fiy ve;j Ehw;whz;b
ypUe; J fhzg; gLfpwJ?
fp.gp.16 Mk; Ehw; whz; L
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253
165) je; jr; rpw; gf; fiy ahUila
fhyj; jpy; jhd; rpwg; Gg; ngw; wpUf; fpwJ?
ehaf; f kd; dHfs;
166) ,tHfSila fhyj; jpy; je; jj; jhy;
nra;ag;gl;l nghUs;fs; ahit?
flTsH cUtq; fSk; > mur
murpaH cUtq; fSk;
ngl; b> gy; ytHf; Fj; jz; L
Nghd; w nghUs; fSk; je; jj; jhy;
nra; ag; gl; bUfp d; wd
167) ve; j Chpy; ehaf; f kd; dH mtuJ
gl; lj; jurp MfpNahuJ cUtq; fs; >
ehd; fb cauj; jp y; je; jj; jp y;
fk;gPukhf fhl;rpaspf;fpd;wd?
jpUtuq; fj; jpy;
168) rp wp a mstp y; cs; s je; j
rpw; gq; fs; vq; F fhzg; gLfpd; wd?
mofH Nfhapypy; fhzg; gLfpd; wd
169) ty;ypdk; kpFk; ,lq;fSf;Fhpa
tpjp
1 . < Wnfl; l vjp H kiwg;
nganur; rj; jpd; gpd; xw; W kpFk; .
2. me; j> ,e; j vd; Dk; Rl; Lj; jphpG
mLj; Jk; ve; j vd; Dk; tpdhj; jphpG
mLj; Jk; xw; W kpFk; .
(v.fh) me; jr; rpiy> ve; jf; fhyk;
3.nra;ntd; vr;rj;jpd; gpd; xw;W
kpFk;
(v.fh) Xlf; fz;lhh;
4.td; njhlHf; Fw;wpaYfu <w;Wr;
nra; njd; vr; rj; jpd; gpd; xw; W kpFk;
(v.fh) Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhd;
,fu <w;Wr; nra;njd; vr;rj;jpd;
gpd; Dk; kpFk;
(v.fh) vOjpg;ghh;
170) z> e> d NtWghL mwpf:-
muz; - kjpy;> ghJfhg;G Nfhl;il
mud;> rptd;
171) mz;zk; - Nky;tha;
md; dk; - xU gwit
172) Mzp - $hpa ,Uk;Gj; Jz;L
Mdp - xU khjk;
173) Miz - fl; lis
Mid - ahid
174) cz;Z - rhg;gpL
cd;D - epidj;Jg;ghh;
175) Cz; - czT
Cd; - ,iwr;rp
176) vz; z - epidf; f> vz; zpg; ghh; f; f
vd;d - Nfs;tp
177) fiz - mk; G
fid - fidj; jy;
178) fzk; - Neuk;
fdk; - gS> Rik
179) fhz; - ghh;
fhd; - fhL
180) jzp - mlq; F
jdp - jdpj; jpUj; jy;
181) Jzp - rPiy
Jdp - Jd;gk;> Nfhgk;> mr;rk;
182) jpiz - epyk; > xOf; fk;
jpiz - jhdpa tif
183) ehz; - fapW> ehzk;
ehd; - jd; idf; Fwpg; gJ> jd; ik
,lg;ngaH
184) jpz; ik - typik
jpd; ik - jP ik
185) tz; ik - tsk; > toq; Fjy;
td; ik - typik
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254
186) flTs; ngaHfs; - tlnkhopapy;
1.mq;faw; fz;zp - kPdhl;rp
2.mwk; tsHj; jhs; - jHkrk; tHj; jpdp
3. vhprpdf; nfhw; wit - nusj; jpuJHf; if
4. Iahwg;gH - gQ;rejpRtuH
5. nrk; nghd; gs; spahh; - nrhh; zGhP r; RuH
6. ePs; neLq;fz;zp - tprhyhl;rp
7. ahopYk; ed; nkhopahs; - tP zhkJu
gh\pzp
8. Njd;nkhopg;ghit - kJu trdp
9. gokiyehjH - tpUj;jfphPr;RuH
nkhoptsq; fhl;Lk; ,yf;fpaq;fs;:-
187) njhy;fhg;gpak;:- 3 mjpfhuk;> 27
,ay; fs; > 1610 Ehw; ghf; fs;
188) ts; Stk; : - 3 ghy; fs; > 133
mjpfhuq;fs;> 1330 Fwl;ghf;fs;
189) rpyg; gjpfhuk; :- 3 fhz; lk; > 30
fhijfs; > 5001 thpfs;
190) kzpNkfiy:- 30 fhijfs; > 4755
thpfs;
191) rPtfrpe;jhkzp:- 13 ,yk;gfq;fs;>
3145 ghly;fs;
192) nghpaGuhzk; :- 2 fhz; lk; > 13
rUf;fq;fs;> 4286 ghly;fs;
193) fk; guhkhazk; :- 6 fhz; lq; fs; > 118
glyq;fs;> 10589 ghly;fs;
194) ey; yhgps; is ghujk; :- 18 gUtq; fs; >
11000 ghly;fs;
195) fe;j Guhzk;:- MW fhz;lq;fs;>
135 glyk;> 10345 ghly;fs;
196) jpUtpisahlw; Guhzk;:- %d;W
fhz;lk;> 3363 ghly;fs;
197) Njk; ghtzp : - 3 fhz; lk; > 36
glyq;fs; 3615 ghly;fs;
198) rPwhg;Guhzk;:- 3 fhz;lq;fs;> 92
glyq;fs;> 5027 ghly;fs;
199) ,ul; rzpa ahj; jphpfk; :- 5 gUtq; fs; >
47 glyq;fs;> 3776 ghly;fs;
200) ,uhtz fhtpak;:- 5 fhz;lk;> 57
glyq; fs; > 3100 tpUj; jq; fs;
201) VR fhtpak;:- Ie;J ghfk;> 149
mjpfhuk; > 810 tpUj; jq; fSk; > 2346
mftybfSk; nfhz;lJ
202) ve; j nkhopapYk; fhzf; fpilf; fhj
msT gf;jp ghRuq;fs; epuk;gpa
nkhop?
jkpo;
203) irtKk; itztKk; topgLk;
ke; jpuk;
1. gd;dpUjpU Kiw
2. ehyhapu jpt; tpag; gpuge; jk;
204) Fwpg; ghf vOjg; gLk; nrhw; fSf; F
tphpthd nrhy;
j.eh.kp.th - jkpo;ehL kpd;rhu thhpak;
j.eh.F.t.th -jkpo; ehL FbeP H tbfhy;
thhpak;
m/kp nrse; juty; yp j; jhahh; -
mUs;kpF nrse;juty;yp jhahh;
m.ep .F.vz; - mQ; ry; (gp d; NfhL)
epiyaf; FwpaP l; L vz;
njh.Ng.vz; - njhiy Ngrp vz;
M.fh.f - Mas; fhg;gPl;L fofk;
,.M.g - ,e;jpa Ml;rpg; gzp
v]; .v]; .V - (rHtrpf; \h mgpahd; )
midtUf;Fk; fy;tp ,af;fk;
,.v]; .V - njhopyhsH <l; LWjp fofk;
lal; - khtl; l MrphpaH gapw; rp epWtdk;
bgp.,.gp - khtl;lj; njhlf;ff; fy;tpj;
jpl;lk;
ng.M.f - ngw;Nwhh; MrphpaH fofk;
bl; b < MHl; b - Mrp hp aH fy; tp
Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; gapw;rp ,af;fk;
(DTERT)
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