ELECTRODE POTENTIALS AND FUEL CELLS TEST MS

1. (a) Emf/voltage/potential difference (of electrochemical cell) 1

comprising a (Cu/Cu
2+
) half cell combined with a standard
hydrogen electrode 1
1 atm, 1 moldm
!"
, 2#$% (all " needed but can transfer mar& if stated in (b)) 1
(b) 'alt bridge and voltmeter 1
(latinum electrode dipping into 1 mol dm
!"
)
+
1
)ydrogen gas feed 1
(*ccept a suitable alternative standard electrode)
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2. (a) ++1, - (unit re.uired) 1
(b) (i) 2/n0
1
!
+ 1+Cl
!
+ 1,)
+
2 2/n
2+
+ 3Cl
2
+ $)
2
0 1
correct species on both sides of e.uation e.uation balanced 1
(ignore electrons for first mar&, penalise for balance)
(ii) Chlorine !1 2 + 1
/anganese +4 2 +2 1
5in& to (i) and allow ecf
(iii) Chloride ion o6idised (not chlorine) 1
/anganate(-77) ion reduced (not manganese) 1
(c) +1, - too small/rate too slow/insufficient activation
energy/not standard conditions 1
[8]
3. (a) (i) o6idation8 9e 2 9e
2+
+ 2e
!
(1)
reduction8 -
"+
+ e
!
2 -
2+
(1) 2
(ii) E
cell
: +1$ - (1) 1
(b) (i) system III ; 2 and reversed + system IV (1)
2)
2
+ 0
2
2 2)
2
0/
)
2
+ <0
2
2 )
2
0 (1) 2
(ii) advantages8
only )
2
0 formed/ non=polluting (1)
greater efficiency (1)
disadvantages8
)
2
difficult to store (1)
)
2
difficult to manufactured initially /
limited life cycle of )
2
adsorber/absorber (1) 1
[9]

4. (a)
(i) >iagram shows8
-oltmeter + salt bridge + complete circuit 1
'olution labelled Cu
2+
and electrode labelled *g 1
































V
S a l t b r i d g e
A g
+
( a q )
C u
2 +
( a q )
C u ( s )
A g ( s )

(ii) >irection from Cu(s) to *g(s) (must be in / close to wire) 1
(iii) +$+ ! +"1 : +1, - 1
(iv) Cu + 2*g
+
2 Cu
2+
+ 2*g 1
(c) 'tandard Electrode (otential for chlorine is more positive than
9e
"+
therefore it is a better o6idising agent than 9e
"+
(do not
accept E
?
is larger or smaller) 1
'tandard Electrode (otential for iodine is less positive than
9e
"+
therefore it is a poorer o6idising agent than 9e
"+
1
(*ccept release of electrons/e.uilibrium arguments)
[7]