-≤Ú-´’¢√®Ωç 18 ÂÆ°dç-•®Ω’ 2006
Jayanth: Hi Anant, good to see you though
after such a long time. How goes
life? (£æ…ß˝’ ņçû˝, î√™«-鬩ç ûª®√y-ûª-
®·Ø√ E†’o îª÷úøôç ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖçC.
àçöÀ N¨Ï-≥ƒ©’? ᙫ ÖØ√o´¤?)
Ananth: Getting on. How is it with you?
(àüÓ Å™« ïJ-T-§Ú-ûÓçC. F Ææçí∫-ûËçöÀ?)
Jayanth: As usual. (´÷´‚™‰)
Ananth: How is Vasanth? Long since I met
him. (´Ææçû˝ ᙫ ÖØ√oúø’? îª÷Æœ
î√™«-é¬-©-¢Á’içC.)
Jayanth: Not in the best of circumstances, I
must say. (ÅûªúÕ °æJ-ÆœnA ÅçûËç
¶«í¬™‰ü¿ØË îÁ§ƒpL )
Ananth: Why? what is wrong? (àçöÀ N≠æߪ’ç)
Jayanth: He has had losses in business. His
partners have cheated him. But he
is facing all this very bravely. A less-
er man than he would have gone
mad.
(¢√u§ƒ-®Ωç™ †≥ƒd©’ ´î√a®·.
ÅûªúÕ ¶µ«í∫-≤ƒy-´·-©-ûª-úÕE ´·çî√®Ω’. é¬E
Éçûª ïJ-TØ√ üµÁj®Ωuçí¬ØË ÖØ√oúø’. Åûª-úÕ-
éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ ÂÆkn®Ωuç Ö†o-¢√-∞¡x-®·ûË, ѧƒ-
öÀéÀ °œ*a-¢√-∞¡x-®·-§Ú-ßË’-¢√®Ω’.)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 215
That'll be too late
Ananth: Sorry to hear that. But one thing. He
is too trusting and too risking. That
sometimes lands him in trouble.
(N†-ö«-EéÀ ¶«üµ¿í¬ ÖçC. Å®·ûË äéπöÀ.
Åûªúø’ Éûª-®Ω’-©†’ ÅAí¬ †´·t-û√úø’; ÅAí¬
ûÁT-≤ƒhúø’. Åü¿-ûªEo *èπ◊\™x °æúË-Ææ’hçC.)
Trusting= †¢Ë’t Ææy¶µ«-´ç-éπ©;
risking= ûÁTç-îªôç, -JÆˇ\ BÆæ’-éÓ-´ôç.
Land somebody in trouble= *èπ◊\™x
°æúË-ߪ’ôç
Jayanth: I agree with you there.
(Ç N≠æߪ’ç ؈ç-U-éπ-J≤ƒh.)
Ananth: I wish to see him.
(¢√úÕE îª÷ú≈-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o)
Jayanth: It is too early. You wait for an hour.
He will then have returned from his
morning walk. (É°æ¤púø’ ´’K °çü¿-™«úË
Å´¤-ûª’çC. ã í∫çô Çí∫’. Å°æp-öÀéÀ
´÷Joçí˚ ¢√é˙ †’ç* AJ-íÌ-≤ƒhúø’.)
Ananth: Does he still continue his morning
walk? (Éçé¬ ´÷Joçí˚ ¢√é˙èπ◊ ¢Á∞¡Ÿ-ûª÷ØË
ÖØ√oú≈?)
Jayanth: He does. That keeps him healthy.
(Å´¤†’. ÅC ¢√úÕE Ç®Ó-í∫uçí¬ Öç-ûÓçC.)
Ananth: (Do) you suggest that I wait for
another hour to see him. I'm afraid
that's too long. I have work at 9.30.
I think I'll see him tomorrow.
(¢√úÕE îª÷ÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊ ††’o ´’®Ó í∫çô
¢Ë*-îª÷-úø-´’ç-ö«¢√? ÅC ´’K áèπ◊\´
Ææ´’-ߪ’-´’-´¤-ûª’ç-üË¢Á÷ ÅE-°œ-≤ÚhçC. Ø√èπ◊
ûÌN’t-C-†o-®Ωèπ◊ °æ†’çC. Í®°æ¤ îª÷ú≈-©-†’-
èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o.)
Jayanth: I leave it to you, but I'm not sure of
his programme tomorrow. He may
be out of town, and return only on
friday. (F É≠ædç ´’J. é¬E Í®°æûªE
v§Úví¬¢˛’ àN’ö Ø√èπ◊ ûÁ-Mü¿’. Í®°æ¤ Ü∞x
Öçúø-éπ-§Ú-´îª’a. äéπ-¢Ë∞¡ Ü∞x ™‰éπ-§ÚûË
¨¡Ÿvéπ-¢√®Ωç ´®Ωèπÿ ®√éπ-§Ú-´îª’a)
Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
Ananth: That'll be too late for me to see him. I
think I'll wait and see him today.
Won't you come with me? (Å°æp-öÀéÀ
´’K Ç©Ææu¢Á’i-§Ú-ûª’çC. Ñ®ÓV ÇT, ¢√úÕE
îª÷ü∆l-´’-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o. †’´¤y- Ø√ûÓ®√¢√)
Jayanth: I will, of course. (ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈ ´≤ƒh)
Ananth: OK. Let's in the meantime watch the
TV.(-ÆæÍ®. Ñ´’üµ¿u é¬ÊÆ°æ¤ öÀ.N. îª÷ü∆lç.)
´’†ç éÀçü¿öÀ≤ƒJ îª÷ÆœçC - little
èπ◊ Éûª®Ω degrees
- little (positive), less (comparative), least
(superlative).Å®·ûË little
èπ◊ È®çúÓ, (ÉçéÓ) com- d) He is involved in the crime to a lesser or Prem: I want to go to bank urgently. I am
parative èπÿú≈ ÖçC. ÅC lesser. Less, lesser - greater extent= Ç ØË®Ωç™ éÌüÓl, í̧Úp OúÕ starting. (Bank èπ◊ ¢Á∞«xL. •ßª’-™‰l-®Ω’-
Ñ È®çúø÷ little
èπ◊ comparatives Å®·Ø√, ¢√öÀ §ƒvûª èπÿú≈ ÖçC. ûª’Ø√o)
use
extent= ´®Ωèπ◊/ ¢Ë’®Ωèπ◊= degree. Syam: It is too early -
Å®Ωnç, ™ î√™« ûËú≈ ÖçC. (´’K ûªy®Ωí¬ ¢Á∞¡Ÿh-Ø√o´¤
Less
e) This is the lesser of the two evils Bank
Åçõ‰ Éçûª-èπ◊-´·çü¿’ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊Ø√oç. ÉçéÓ = È®çúø÷ – ûÁJ* Öçúøü¿’/ †’´¤y áèπ◊\-´-
ü∆EûÓ §ÚLÊÆh ûªèπ◊\-¢Áj† ÅØË Å®Ωnç™ less ¢√úøû√ç.
a) She has less jewellery than her sister (has)
îÁúË, Å®·ûË ÉC È®çúÕç-öÀ™ ûªèπ◊\´ îÁúø’. ÊÆ°æ¤ ¢Ë* Öçú≈Lq ´Ææ’hçC.)
f) He is among the lesser known actors of a) Reaching the station at 3.30 for a train
= Ç¢Á’-èπ◊†o †í∫©’, Ç¢Á’ ≤Úü¿J †í∫© éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´. Bollywood= that arrives at 5.00 is too early =
b) He gets less income from his job than from
Åçûªí¬ Ê°®Ω’-§Òç-ü¿E ¶«M-´¤ú˛ 5 í∫çô-
train station
his rents=
Åûª-úÕéÀ ÅüÁl© †ô’™x Åûª-ØÌ-éπúø’. ©èπ◊ ´îËa éÓÆæç, 3.30Íé èπ◊ îË®Ω’-
´©x ´îËa Çü∆-ߪ÷-E-éπçõ‰, g) A lesser man than he would have gone éÓ-´ôç ´’K ´·çü¿Í® ¢Á∞¡xôç Å´¤-ûª’çC.
ÖüÓuí∫ç ´©x ´îËa mad = etc)
Åûª-úÕéπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ (ÂÆkn®Ωuç, ¢√∞¡x-®·ûË, b) If 3.30 is too early, 5.30 is too late. 3.30
Çü∆ߪ’ç ûªèπ◊\´. °œ*a ¢√∞¡x-®·-§Ú-ßË’-¢√∞Ïx. éÀ ´’K ûªy®Ωí¬ ¢Á∞¡}ôç Å®·ûË, 5.30 éÀ ´îËa
Lesser Å®Ωnç, ÉçéÓ-ü∆-Eéπçõ‰ ÉD lesser Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç. O’ conversation ™ •çúÕ-éÓÆæç 5.30 èπ◊ ¢Á∞¡}ôç Åû√u-©Ææuç (•çúÕ
ûªèπ◊\´ ÅE Å®·-†-°æp-öÀéà less practice îËߪ’çúÕ. ûª°œp-§Ú-ûª’çC– v°æߪ÷ùç îËߪ’™‰ç.)
¢√úË îÓô™«x lesser ¢√úøç.



3) I'm afraid that it is too long = ÅC ´’K
Look at the following sentence from the
≤ƒ´÷-†uçí¬ ÉçéÌ-éπ-J-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\-´-ÊÆ-Ê°¢Á÷ ÅE-°œ-≤Úhç-C-Ø√èπ◊. (°æJ-Æœn-ûª’©’
conversation at the beginning of the lesson.
ûªèπ◊\´ •©ç/v°æA¶µº/¨¡éÀh, -¢Á·- N≠æ-N’çîËçûªÊÆ°æ¤)
M. SURESAN a) He stayed here too long = Åûª-E-éπ\úø ´’K
1) He is too trusting and too risking
ü¿-™„j-† ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√úøû√ç.
áèπ◊\-´-ÊÆ-°æ¤-Ø√oúø’. (Åçûª-ÊÆ°æ¤çúøôç ´©x
°∂æL-û√©’ îÁúø’. ÅûªE ÖüËl-¨¡´‚ îÁúø’é¬-´îª’a/
Åûª-EéÀ, Éûª-®Ω’-©èπ◊ àüÁjØ√ îÁúø’ éπL-TçC)
Very, too- Ñ È®çúø÷ äéπöÀ鬴¤ – Å®Ωnç™ é¬F,
use ™ é¬F.
Very Åçõ‰ î√™«/ áèπ◊\´ ÅE ´’†ç-ü¿-JéÃ
ûÁ©’Ææ’. Åçü¿’-´©x Åçûª îÁúø’/ †≠ædç ™‰ü¿’.
2) It is too early Too Åçõ‰ ´’K/ ÅA ÅE.
Look at the following.
3) I'm afraid that's too long a) The train is very late = Train î√™«
a) The pen can't be Rs 15/- It'd be much less=
Ç pen 15 ®Ω÷§ƒ-ߪ’-©’ç-úøü¿’. ¶«í¬ ûªèπ◊\¢Ë 4) That'll be too late
Eü∆-†çí¬/ ØÁ´’t-Cí¬ §ÚûÓçC. ´’†ç í∫´’uç
less,
Öçô’çC. ÉçéÓ-ü∆-E-éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ ÅØË Å®Ωnç Look at the use of too in the sentences above.
îË®Ωôç (î√™«) Ç©Ææuç 鬴a, °∂æLûªç
lesserÈ®çúÕç-öÀéà ֆo°æpöÀéà less
¢√úÕ-†çûª ûª®Ω- too Åçõ‰ Å®Ωnç, ÅA/ ÅAí¬ ÅE. ÅAí¬ Åçõ‰ Å´- ü¿éπ\-´îª’a.
îª’í¬ lesser ¢√úøç. b) Train is too slow = Train ´’K/ ÅA
Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’i† ü∆E-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\-´í¬, ¢Á÷û√ü¿’èπ◊ N’ç* ÅE
b) They originally demanded Rs. 50,000/- but Eü∆-†çí¬ ¢Á∞hçC. ´’†ç îËÍ®-ô-°æp-öÀéÀ, v°æߪ÷ù
éπü∆. Åçü¿’-´©x îÁúø’ °∂æL-û√©’ éπ©-í∫-´-îªaE.
finally settled for a lesser sum= °∂æLûªç ü¿éπ\ü¿’.
1) He is too trusting and risking = Åûªúø’ (Éûª-®Ω’-
¢√∞¡Ÿx ¢Á·ü¿ô
50,000 ®Ω÷§ƒßª’©úÕ-TØ√, *´-®Ωèπ◊ ûªèπ◊\´ ¢Á·û√h- c) The doctor was called in very late =
EéÀ ÅçU-éπ-Jç-î√®Ω’. ©†’) ÅAí¬ †´·t-û√úø’. ü∆E-´©x ü¿’≠æp¥-Lûªç – Doctor
ÉüË ¶µ«´ç, less ¢√úÕûË É™« îÁ•’û√ç. ÅûªE partners ÅûªEo ´·çîË-ߪ’ôç. ÅçûË-é¬- †’ î√™« Ç©-Ææuçí¬ °œL-î√®Ω’. (N’ç*
c) They originally ... , accepted a sum less
èπ◊çú≈ too risking = ´’K áèπ◊\´ ûÁTç°æ¤ – §Ú™‰ü¿’. é¬Ææh-®·Ø√ v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç ©Gµç*çC)
d) The doctor was called in too late =
than that.
v°æ´÷ü¿çûÓ èπÿúø’-èπ◊†o N≠æ-ߪ÷Eo (risk †’)
Doctor †’ ´’K Ç©-Ææuçí¬ °œL-î√®Ω’. (Å°æp-öÀÍé
(b) a lesser sum = (c) a sum less
™ ™ èπÿú≈ ûÁTç* îËߪ’ôç. – Éûª†’ ÉC ´’K îË≤ƒhúø’
N’ç*-§Ú-®·çC. v°æßÁ÷-ï†ç ™‰éπ-§Ú-®·çC.
than ... lesser
ûËú≈ í∫´’-EçîË Öçö«®Ω’, ûª®√yûª – °∂æLûªç, †≠ædç
Doctor îËûª’©’ èπÿú≈ ü∆öÀ-§Ú-®·çC.)
sum ÅØËnoun ®√´ôç – É™« lesser ûª®√yûª 2) It is too early = ´’K °çü¿-™«úÁ – Åçü¿’-´©x °æE
áèπ◊\-´í¬ noun Eg: A lesser player,
´Ææ’hçC. ï®Ω-í∫ü¿’.
A lesser degree (ÉçéÓ-ü∆-E-éπçõ‰ é¬Ææh ûªèπ◊\´
¢Ë’®Ωèπ◊),A lesser offense (Åçûª-éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´
ØË®Ωç),etc. EXERCISE ANSWER
A lesser player than Tendulkar could not have Sumithra: Ñ <®Ω ᙫ ÖçC? E†oØË éÌØ√o. Sumithra: How is this sari? I bought it yes-
scored so many centuries= terday.
Suchithra: Ñ <®Ω °æô’d (silk) †’´¤y Åçûª-èπ◊-
Tendulkar cricketer,
Suchithra: The silk/ texture of this sari is
éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ v°æA¶µº éπL-T† ´·çü¿’ é̆o <®Ω °æô’d-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ (ØËûª)
ÅEo centuries îËߪ’-í∫-L-Íí-¢√úø’ é¬úø’.
Ø√ùu-¢Á’içC. Å®·ûË ü∆E ï-KéÀ D†çûª superior to that of the sari you
Åçõ‰ lesser †’ ´÷´‚-©’í¬ äéπ noun (Ê°®Ω’x Ø√ùu-ûª-™‰ü¿’. bought earlier, but its brocade is
ûÁLÊ° °æü¿ç) ´·çü¿’ ÉçéÓ-ü∆-E-éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ ¢Á·ûªhç
(ïK = brocade - v¶ÔÈé-ß˝’ú˛ – inferior to that of the earlier sari.
(amount), v§ƒ´·êuç (importance), °æJ-´÷ùç
(size) Ö†o ÅØË Å®Ωnç ûÁ©’-°æ¤-ûª’çC. 'Èéß˝’— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç) Sumithra: But this is costlier than that.
a) The growing pollution, and, to a lesser Sumithra: Å®·ûË ÉC ü∆E-éπçõ‰ êK-üÁjçC. Suchithra: You must have bought not less
degree, the scarcity of drinking water, are Suchithra: Ñ È®çúø’ Ææç´-ûªq-®√™x †’´¤y -á-E-N’-C than/ no fewer than eight saris in
the cause of the trouble= °®Ω’-í∫’-ûª’†o °æô’d <®Ω-©-éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ é̆’ç-úø-´¤-éπü∆? the last two years. Isn't that so?
鬩’≠æuç, ü∆Eéπçõ‰ é¬Ææh ûªèπ◊\´ ¢Ë’®Ωèπ◊, ´’ç*-FöÀ Sumithra: ņ’-èπ◊çö«. Sumithra: I think so.
éÌ®Ωûª, ¶«üµ¿-©èπ◊ 鬮Ω-ù«©’. Suchithra: Is the selection yours, or do you
b) Though a city of lesser size and population Suchithra: áç°œéπ FüËØ√,- -¢ËÍ®-´-J Ææ£æ…-ߪ’-¢Á’iØ√
take any one's help?
than Kolkata, Mumbai has greater promi- BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«¢√?
nence= éÓ™¸-éπû√ éπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ ïØ√¶µ«, °æJ-´÷- Sumithra: ´÷ ´C††’ BÆæ’-èπ◊-¢Á-∞¡û√. Ç¢Á’èπ◊ Ñ Sumithra: I take my sister-in-law's help. She
ùç-éπ© †í∫-®Ω-¢Á’i-†-°æp-öÀéÃ, ´·ç¶„j v§ƒ´·êuç is senior to me in these matters.
N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ Ø√éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ ņ’-¶µº-´-
áèπ◊\´. Suchithra: The selection is really good.
´·çC.
c) A lesser leader than Gandhi would have Suchithra: Selection î√™« ¶«í∫’ç-ô’çC.- Sumithra: Thank you.
yielded to the British= í¬çDµéπçõ‰ ûªèπ◊\´ íÌ°æp Sumithra: üµ¿-†u-¢√-ü∆-©’.
British
Ø√ߪ’-èπ◊úø’ ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ™ÔçÍí-¢√úø’.