PERSONAL SEA

SURVIVAL TECHNIQUES
 SURVIVAL
An action, ability or effort exerted by a person
or a group of person in order to continue to live
in the midst of a disastrous situation. It is a
struggle for existence.

S- Size up the situation

U- Undue Haste Make Waste
R- Remember Where you Are
V- Vanquish Fear and Panic
I- Improvise
V- Value Living
A- Act Wisely and Properly
L- Learn Basic Skills
 7 Steps To Survival
 RECOGNITION
 INVENTORY
 SHELTER
 SIGNALS
 WATER
 FOOD
 PLAY
 HAZARDS OF SURVIVAL
HEALTH HAZARDS
 Immersion Foot
 Hypothermia
 Seasickness
 Constipation
 Frost bite
 Salt water burns and boils
 Sore eyes
 HAZARDS OF SURVIVAL
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
 Bad Weather/climate
 Sea Creatures (sharks, sting rays,
poisonous fish)
 Other water hazards (toxic substances in
the water)
 Heatstroke- response to heat characterized by
extremely high body temperature and
disturbance of the the sweating mechanism.
 Heat Exhaustion- response to heat
characterized by fatigue, weakness and
collapse duet to inadequate intake of water to
compensate for loss of fluid to sweating.
 Immersion Foot- condition when the
temperature of the tissues of the limbs remains
sub normal but above freezing for a long
period.
 Hypothermia-lowering of body temperature due
to exposure to colad air or water or a
combination of low temperature and wind.
 Frostbite- when tissue fluids freeze in localize
areas of the body
 PRIORITIES DURING SURVIVAL
1.PROTECTION
2.SUSTENANCE
3.MEDICAL TREATMENT
4.GENERAL HEALTH
5.TRAINING AND PREPARATION
VALUE OF TRAINING AND DRILLS
 Training and drills are conducted onboard
to make sure that the crew constantly know
their duties in an emergency
 It is during drills when defective equipment
are detected
Causes of Emergencies On Board
 Carelessness
 Deliberate disregard of safety rules and
notices
 Lack of knowledge
 Lack of awareness of existing hazards of
the profession
 MUSTER LIST/STATION BILL
 It is a plan of action before an emergency
situation would arise
 Are notices required by Solas Convention
to be placed onboard ships
 Its main purpose is to give instruction to
each crew on what to do in cases of
emergency
Considerations to follow by each crew:

 What is my duty?
 Do I understand what to do?
 What and where is the equipment to be
used?
 Who gives the order?
 To whom shall I report?
 What are the alarms/signals?
 ALARMS/SIGNALS
GENERAL ALARM- 7 short + 1 long blast + PA

On hearing the alarm:

 All personnel must proceed immediately to
their designated muster station
 Perform respective duties and responsibilities
 Team leaders must muster and report
readiness to the bridge
 TYPES OF EMERGENCY
 Abandonship  Man overboard
 Cargo contamination  Piracy
 Collision  Pollution
 Fire  Engine/ electrical
 Flooding failure
 Grounding  Structural failure
 Heavy weather  Serious injury,
damage illness, death
 terrorism  Leakage
 PERSONAL LIFE SAVING
APPLIANCES
1. LIFEJACKET- are buoyant devices used
for saving persons from drowning by
keeping their bodies afloat
 PERSONAL LIFE SAVING
APPLIANCES
2. LIFEBUOUYS
A ring shaped life
preserver
constructed of
inherently buoyant
materials.
 PERSONAL LIFE SAVING
APPLIANCES

3. IMMERSION SUIT- is a protective suit

which reduces the body heat-loss of a
person wearing it in cold water.
 PERSONAL LIFE SAVING
APPLIANCES

4. Thermal Protective Aids- it is a bag or suit

made of water proof material with low
thermal conductivity.
 PERSONAL LIFE SAVING
APPLIANCES

5. VISUAL SIGNALS
 Rocket Parachute Flares
 Hand Flares
 Buoyant Smoke Signal
 Waterproof Signal Torch
 Heliograph Mirror
 PERSONAL LIFE SAVING
APPLIANCES

6. Audio Signal
A. Whistle
B. Radio Transmitting Devices
 Portable radio
 Emergency position Indicating Radio
Beacon (EPIRB)
 Search and Rescue Transponders (SART)
 SURVIVAL CRAFTS
It is a craft capable of sustaining the lives of
persons in distress from the time of
abandoning the ship
Kinds of Survival Craft:
 Liferaft
 Lifeboat
 Rescue boat
LIFERAFT
LIFEBOAT
 Open
 Partially enclosed
 Totally enclosed
RESCUE BOAT
 ABANDONSHIP
Abandonship should only be considered in
two circumstances:
 When all measures to keep the vessel
afloat have failed and the ship is in sinking
condition
 It it is no longer possible to remain aboard
because loss of life could result from heat,
smoke or any adverse condition.
PERSONAL PREPARATION BEFORE
ABADONSHIP
 Put plenty of warm clothing
 Don your life jacket
 Keep yourself always dry
 Go to your muster station in an orderly
manner
 Board lifeboat/rafts
 Do not jump into the water unless essential
 If it is necessary to enter the water, choose
a suitable place from which to leave the
ship.
CREW DUTIES TO PASSENGER
 Warning the passengers
 Seeing that they are suitably clad and have
donned their lifejackets correctly
 Assembling passengers in their muster
station
 Keeping order the passageways, stairways
 Ensure that supply of blankets/food is taken
to survival craft