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Science Investigation
Procedures
- 16 -
Typical Designs for Experiments
Evaluating
Experiment #1: Affect on Plant Health of Steadily Increasing Temperatures
Causal Question: How does the temperature plants are grown at affect the health of the plant?
Hypothesis: If the temperature is increased, then the plant will become unhealthy because the plants will dry up.
Cause Variable Results Variable
use 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 C incubators
each plant should be in one container at one temperature
use 5 plants at each temperature
grow the plants from seed at the same time and experiment
only with plants of the same height
water the plants equally each day
keep the plants in the same amount of light
Plant Mass
-after the growth period, remove soil, was and dry each plant
and then mass it
Greenness of Leaves
-shine a flashlight through a toilet paper roll on a leaf and
measure the amount of light which gets through the leaf, the
greener the leaf, the less light will get through
Experiment #2: Affect of Different Soil Type on Movement of Rainwater Through It
Causal Question: How do different soils affect the movement of rainwater?
Hypothesis: If the soil packs together easily, then water will not filter through it easily because the water will
become trapped in the small spaces between the soil particles
Cause Variable Result Variable
use 7 different types of soil including dry sand, clay, peat
moss, mixture of clay and sand, mixture of clay and peat
moss, mixture of sand, clay and peat moss: each in a
separate styrofoam cup with holes punched in the bottom
use 5 cups for each type of sand
use the same size cups filled with the same amount of soil
each cup should have equal number of holes and all holes
should be equal in size
let water drip for the same amount of time from each cup
Volume of Water
-record the total volume of water which filters through the
soil in the time allowed
Murkiness of Water
-pour the water collected in a small glass container and
shine a flashlight through a toilet paper roll and measure the
amount of light which gets through
Experiment #3: Affect of Concentration of Bleach on Condition of Cloth
Causal Question: How does the concentration of bleach affect the condition of cloth?
Hypothesis: If the concentration of bleach is high, then cloth will be damaged because the bleach reacts with the
cloth and breaks it apart.
Cause Variable Result Variable
make 6 different concentrations of bleach using the
following:
100 mL of water with no bleach
90 mL of water with 10 mL of bleach
80 mL of water with 20 mL of bleach
70 mL of water with 30 mL of bleach
60 mL of water with 40 mL of bleach
50 mL of water with 50 mL of bleach
pour each solution into 5 beakers (20 mL in each)
soak 3 pieces of coloured cloth in each beaker for 20 min.
all pieces of cloth should be identical in size and type of
cloth
1. Strength of Cloth
-attach each piece of cloth to a stand and put a small hole in
the cloth
-using a hook, hand weights from the cloth until it tears
2. Colour of Cloth
-have a number of people rate the colour of the cloth
(percentage of colour remaining) compared to a sample of
the original cloth