5.

noise
noise

(safety ground)
(earth ground)
(signal ground)

noise 2004

AT

5-1

(chassis)

noise 2004

AT

5-2

(equipotential)

(current return path) noise

noise 2004

AT

5-3

(single-point ground)
(multi-point ground)
(hybrid ground)

R L
2

noise 2004

AT

5-4

noise

(common-impedance coupling)

noise

noise 2004

AT

5-5

(silver)

noise 2004

AT

5-6

 (common-impedance
coupling)

L C

(grid)
(plane)

noise

noise 2004

AT

5-7

noise 2004

AT

5-8

noise 2004

AT

5-9

AT

5-10

noise 2004

noise 2004

AT

5-11

AT

5-12

VG
A B

VIN = VS + VG
1
A ()
RC 2 << RL + RC1 + RS

RC 2
RL
VN =

VG
+
+
+
R
R
R
R
R
C1
S C2
G
L

noise 2004

noise ZSG
RC 2 << RL + RC1 + RS

RL

RC 2
VN =

VG
R
+
R
+
R
Z
C1
S SG
L

noise 2004

AT

5-13

noise
(common)

noise 2004

AT

5-14

(earth ground)

noise 2004

AT

5-15

AT

5-16

(earth ground)

noise 2004

 (ground loop)

1) 2) (common-mode choke)
3) (optical coupler) 4) 5)

noise 2004

AT

5-17

a) transformer

b) common-mode chokes

c) optical couplers
noise 2004

d) balaced circuitry
AT

5-18

1MHz

noise 2004

AT

5-19

(guard shield)

(I1 I2)

noise 2004

AT

5-20

 (guard shield)

I1 I2

noise 2004

AT

5-21

(guard shield)

noise 2004

AT

5-22

 (guard shield)

noise 2004

AT

5-23

(common-mode
current)

noise 2004

AT

5-24

VN VG

noise 2004

VN

AT

5-25

VN VG

noise 2004

AT

VN VG

5-26

VN VG

noise 2004

AT

5-27

noise

1) 2)
3) 4) 5)

noise 2004

AT

5-28