BLOOD

BLOOD
COMPONENTS
BLOOD COMPOSITION
CELLS
Hematocrit (45%)
PLASMA
Transports
Regulates fluid, electrolyte balance
Maintains pH
Proteins
Albumins 60%, Globulins 36%, Fibrinogen 4%


IRON
Required for RBC
Location of iron
50% is in RBC
25% is bound in ferritin in liver
25% in other molecules (cytochromes)
Recycled to developing RBC by transferrin
Insufficient quantity leads to anemia
RECYCLING
IRON
ORIGIN OF BLOOD CELLS
Folic acid, Vit B
12
required for synthesis of
RBC
Hemocytoblast (stem cell)
Erythrocyte
Megakaryocyte
Leukocytes
Colony Stimulating Factors (GF)
Erythrocytes
Erythropoietin
RBC Count
Adult male (4.6-6.2mil/ml)
Adult female (4.2-5.4mil/ml)
Destruction
Fragile
Heme, globin
Fe, biliverdin, bilirubin
O
2
DEFICIENCY
AND RBC
REGULATION
Table 12.11
Table 12.12
Leukocytes
Granulocytes
Neutrophils (50-60%)
Eosinophils (3-6%)
Basophils (<1%)
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes
Monocytes (3-9%)

(30%)
Neutrophil
Neutrophil
Neutrophil
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Wright stain--purple
2-5 lobes
Phagocytosis
Basophil
Basophil
Basophil
Wrights stain--deep blue
Migrate to damaged tissue and release
Histamine
Heparin
Eosinophil
Eosinophil
Wrights stain--red
Bilobed
Parasitic worms
Allergic reactions
Lymphocyte
Lymphocyte
T cells attack cells
Tumor cells
Microorganisms
Transplant cells

B cells produce antibodies
Monocyte
Monocyte
Monocyte
Largest leukocyte
Kidney-shaped nucleus
Become macrophages
Platelets
Phagocytosis
Neutrophils, Monocytes
Diapedesis
Ameboid movement
Inflammatory reaction
Histamine
Positive chemotaxis
Pus
WHITE CELL COUNT
TOTAL NUMBER: 5,000-10,000/ml

LEUKOCYTOSIS
>10,000/ml

LEUKOPENIA
<5000/ml
Various White Cells