Answers

1. (a) 5 : 15

1:3

1 :
3
4. (a) 1
3
4
4
3

= :
3
4
4
3
4 12 :
3 12

=
31
41

= 16 : 9

(b) 450 : 3000

3 : 20
17
2. (a)
30
24 =
4
(b)
1
6

1 : 55
(b) 2
2

= 2.5 : 55

= 2.5 10 : 55 10

= 25 : 550
25 :
550

=
25
25

= 1 : 22

20 =
5
3. (a)
7
28 7

35

35

105 =
35 and
70 =
35
(b)
36
12
24
12
12

5.

n:m
(a)

3:5

(b)
(c)

12

m:m+n
5:5+3
=5:8

n:m+n

mn:m

2n : m + n

3:5+3
=3:8

53:5
=2:5

5+3:53
=8:2
=4:1

4 : 15 15 : 15 + 4
= 15 : 19

4 : 15 + 4
= 4 : 19

15 4 : 15
= 11 : 15

15 + 4 : 15 4 2(4) : 15 + 4
= 19 : 11
= 8 : 19

1:5

1:5+1
=1:6

5 1 : 5
=4:5

+ 1 : 5 1
5
= 6 : 4
= 3 : 2

5:5+1
=5:6

12 =
6 and
30 =
5
6. (a)
2 1 1
61 1
3

60

(b) 5 parts 6.0

6.0 = 1.2

1 part
5

p parts 4.8
4.8 = 4

p =
1.2

Hence, p = 4.

56

180 =
60 and
280 =
56
7. (a)
3 1
51
1
1

5
10

80 =
5.
(b) For boys,
96 126 6
5
10

90 =
5.
For girls,
108126 6

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2(3) : 5 + 3
=6:8
=3:4

2(1) : 5 + 1
= 2 : 6
= 1 : 3

8. (a) 9 parts of m 54 kg
54 = 6 kg

1 part of m
9

4 parts of n 4 6 = 24 kg

Hence, the value of n is 24 kg.

3-

12 =
3 and
18 =
3
(b)
40 10 10
60 10 10

m+n:mn

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4 =

p
4 15 =

20

15
20p
4 15

p =
20
= 3
p
35
(b)
=
8
56
56p = 8 35
8 35

p =
56
= 5

PR =
13.5
12.
(5 + 3)
3
13.5

PR = 8
3
= 36 cm

9. (a)

The length of PR is 36 cm.

13. (a) RM1.50 : RM5 : 75 sen

= 150 : 500 : 75

= 6 : 20 : 3
(b) 4 kg : 500 g : 5.2 kg

= 4000 : 500 : 5200

= 40 : 5 : 52

4
24p
18 4

p =
24
= 3
18 =

24
18 4 =
(c)

14. (a) For 7 : 9 : 3

=76:96:36

= 42 : 54 : 18

74.2 =

p
74.2 5 =

5
7p
74.2 5

p =
7
= 53
(d)

10.

(b) For 5 : 3 : 2

=59:39:29

= 45 : 27 : 18

15. (a)

(a)

4 108 = 48

5 108 = 60

(b)

12 15 = 7.2

25

13 15 = 7.8

25

(c)

8 16.5 = 12

11

3 16.5 = 4.5

11

(d)

9 91 = 63

13

4 91 = 28

13

11.

2
1.5 : 3.5 : 8.5
= 1.5 10 : 3.5 10 : 8.5 10
= 15 : 35 : 85
= 15 5 : 35 5 : 85 5
= 3 : 7 : 17

(b) 48 : 8 : 96

= 48 8 : 8 8 : 96 8

= 6 : 1 : 12

a+b
(a)

(6 + 13) 56 = 152

(13 6)

(b)

(8 + 7)
1.5 = 22.5
(8 7)

(c)

(2 + 15)
46.8 = 61.2
(15 2)

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a:b

a:c

b:c

b+c:a+c

a:a+b+c

(a)

8:3

8 : 12 = 2 : 3

3 : 12 = 1 : 4

15 : 20 = 3 : 4

8 : 23

(b)

7 : 5

7 : 20

5 : 20 = 1 : 4

25 : 27

7 : 32

16.

17. (a) a : b : c = 5 : 3 : 9
(b) a : b : c = 4 : 11 : 5
18. (a)



(b)

LCM of 7 and 2 is 14
a : b = 7 2 : 3 2 = 14 : 6
a : c = 2 7 : 5 7 = 14 : 35
a : b : c = 14 : 6 : 35
LCM of 10 and 15 is 30
a : b = 10 3 : 7 3 = 30 : 21
a : c = 15 2 : 2 2 = 30 : 4
a : b : c = 30 : 21 : 4

19. Given a : b : c = 8 parts : 2 parts : 9 parts

8 parts of a is 3.2
3.2 = 0.4
1 part of a is equivalent to
2 parts of b = 2 0.4 = 0.8 8
9 parts of c = 9 0.4 = 3.6
Hence, b = 0.8 and c = 3.6
a

20.
(a)

2 =

5
a =

(b)

40
2 40

5
= 16
a

60
3 60

6
= 30

40

8 =

5
c =

3 =

6
a =

1 =

6
b =

40
8 40

5
= 64

60
1 60

6
= 10

60

21.

(a)

144
1

(1 + 7 + 4)
= 12

144
7

(1 + 7 + 4)
= 84

144
4

(1 + 7 + 4)
= 48

(b)

42
3

(3 + 8 + 2)
= 9.7

42
8

(3 + 8 + 2)
= 25.8

42
2

(3 + 8 + 2)
= 6.5

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 22. (a) a + b + c
42

=
(1 + 8 + 2)
(8 2)

= 77
(b) a + b + c
32

=
(3 + 2 + 7)
(7 3)

= 96
23. The total mass
15.6 (5 + 4 + 6)
=
(6 4)
= 117 kg

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