Cu Hi n Tp

Cu 1: Nguyn t (A) c electron cui cng xc nh bi 4 s lng t

n ! " # l ! $ # % ! &$ # %s ! - '( )*y nguyn t + l,
-ho .-u! $/ 0 ..n! "1 0 .2e! $3 0 .+g! 44 (
A. -u B. .n C. +g D. 2e
Cu 2: 56t cc nguyn t thu7c 8h9n nh% ch:nh# trong b;ng h< thng tu=n ho,n# t:nh
ch>t ?i% lo@i A, t:nh ?h cBC chDng biEn Fi nh sCu (chGn c9u Dng)
A. Hrong %7t 8h9n nh% ch:nh i tI trn xung JKi# t:nh ?i% lo@i tLng J=n(
B. Hrong %7t 8h9n nh% ch:nh i tI trn xung JKi# t:nh ?i% lo@i gi;% J=n(
C. Hrong %7t chu ?M i tI tri sCng 8h;i t:nh ?i% lo@i tLng J=n(
D. Hrong %7t chu ?M i tI tri sCng 8h;i t:nh ?h tLng J=n(
Cu 3:
-N$!-N&-OON c 8PC! 4#$3( )*y 8N cBC Q11%l Jung Jch -N$!-N&-OON 1#Q$R l,
A( $#"$ B. $#S/ C( "#$4 D( $#S3
Cu 4: Nguyn t (T) c electron cui cng xc nh bi 4 s lng t
n ! 4 # l !Q # % ! 1 # %s ! - '( )*y )*y nguyn t T l,
-ho .-l! Q4 0 .Tr! "S 0 .O! U 0 .V! Q3 (
A. -l B. Tr C. Oxi D. V
Cu 5: ->u hWnh electron cBC V (. ! Q3)(Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
4
( -ho biEt h,% sng
) # # # (
s
m m l n
xc nh electron cui cng Xc trng cho nguyn t V l,0
A.
) $ Y Q # Q # Q # " (
B.
) $ Y Q # 1 # Q # " (
C.
) $ Y Q # 1 # 1 # " (
D.
) $ Y Q # Q # Q # " ( +
Cu 6: ->u hWnh electron cBC Rg (. ! Q$)(Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
( -ho biEt h,% sng
) # # # (
s
m m l n
xc nh electron cui cng Xc trng cho nguyn t Rg l,0
A.
) $ Y Q # Q # Q # " (
B.
) $ Y Q # 1 # Q # " (
C.
) $ Y Q # 1 # 1 # " (
D.
) $ Y Q # 1 # 1 # " ( +
Cu 7: -ho biEt c>u hWnh electron cBC nguyn t -C (. ! $1)(
A. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
4s
$
B. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
$
C. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
Q
4s
Q
D. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
4
"J
4
Cu 8: -ho biEt c>u hWnh electron cBC nguyn t 2e (. ! $3)(
A. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
4s
$
"J
3
B. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
3
4s
$
C. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
Q
4s
Q
D. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
4
"J
4
Cu 9: -ho biEt c>u hWnh electron cBC ion 2e
2+
(. ! $3)(
A. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
4s
$
"J
4
B. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
3
C. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
4
4s
$
D. Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
4
"J
U
Cu 10: ->u hWnh electron cBC -l (. ! Q4)(Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
S
( -ho biEt A tr: (chu ?M A,
8h9n nh%) trong b;ng h< thng tu=n ho,n(
A. -hu ?M "# 8h9n nh% )+( B. -hu ?M "# 8h9n nh% ZZ+(
C. -hu ?M "# 8h9n nh% )ZZ+( D. -hu ?M $# 8h9n nh% )ZZ+(
Cu 11: ->u hWnh electron cBC -r (. ! $4)(Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
S
4s
Q
( -ho biEt A tr: (chu
?M A, 8h9n nh%) trong b;ng h< thng tu=n ho,n(
A. -hu ?M 4# 8h9n nh% Z+( B. -hu ?M 4# 8h9n nh% )+(
C. -hu ?M 4# 8h9n nh% )ZT( D. -hu ?M 4# 8h9n nh% Z)+(
Cu 12: N[y cho biEt trong 8h9n t -N4 c bCo nhiu lin ?Et hC hGc c hWnh th,nh
A. 4 \in ?Et s sp

B. 4 \in ?Et s sp
$

C. 4 \in ?Et s sp
"

D. 4 \in ?Et p sp
"

Cu 13: N[y cho biEt trong 8h9n t -N"&-N" c bCo nhiu lin ?Et hC hGc c hWnh
th,nh
A. Q \in ?Et
$ $
sp sp

A, 3 lin ?Et s sp
$

B. Q \in ?Et
" "
sp sp

A, 3 lin ?Et s sp
"

C. Q \in ?Et sp sp

A, 3 lin ?Et s sp

D. -; " c9u trn ] sCi(

Cu 14: NN" c 8Pb ! 4#44( )*y 8N cBC Jung Jch NN" 1#Q$R l,
A. QQ#$4 B. QQ#4Q C. QQ#Q4 D. U#$/
Cu 15: No, tCn 4#3 gC% %7t ch>t (+) ?h^ng i<n ly (R+! /$) A,o Q11 gC% nKc t@o
th,nh Jung Jch (5)( H:nh nhi<t 7 s^i cBC Jung Jch (5)( TiEt h_ng s nghi<% s^i cBC nKc l,
1#S$(
A. Q11#S
o
- B. Q11#$3
o
- C. Q11#3
o
- D. Q1Q#$3
o
-
Cu 16: 56t 8h;n `ng (A) l, 8h;n `ng an gi;n c h< s nhi<t 7

! $( )*y ?hi nhi<t

7 tLng ln 41
o
- thW tc 7 8h;n `ng thCy Fi
A. tLng ln U l=n( B. tLng ln Q3 l=n( C. bi;% xung U l=n( D. bi;% xung U l=n(
Cu 17: 56t 8h9n t NN"( N[y cho biEt tr@ng thi lCi ho cBC N trong 8h9n t NN"(
A. s8( B. s8
$
( C. s8
"
( D. s8
"
J
$
(
Cu 18: 56t 8h;n `ng -ho 8h;n `ng -C-O"(r) -CO(r) c -O$(?)

-ho biEt TiEn thin thin entCl8i cBC 8h;n `ng

o
K
o
H
$/U

! 4$#S PcClY%ol(
TiEn thin thin entro8i cBC 8h;n `ng
o
K
o
S
$/U

! "U#4 -ClY%ol
o
P(
N[y xc nh nhi<t ^ t@i bdt =u x;y rC 8h;n `ng
A. S11
o
- B. Q111#4
o
- C. QQ13#44
o
P D. QQ13#44
o
-
Cu 19: 56t 8h;n `ng (NN$)$-O (JJ) c N$O (l) -O$ (JJ) c $ NN" (JJ)
TiEt
o
S K
o
H
) ( $/U

?cClY%ol &43#" &3U#" &/U#4 &Q/#"

Ni<u `ng nhi<t cBC 8h;n `ng i]u ?i<n chuen l,
A. f 4#"PcClY%ol B. 4#" PcClY%ol C. 4#" PcCl( D( "4 PcClY%ol
Cu 20: N[y cho biEt th` nguyn (an A) cBC h_ng s tc 7 cBC 8h;n `ng %7t chi]u
b*c %7t
A. (thgi giCn)
&Q
B. %ol( l:t
&Q
((thgi giCn)
&Q

C. l:t
$
(%ol
&$
((thgi giCn)
&Q
D. lit(%ol
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
Cu 21: N[y cho biEt th` nguyn (an A) cBC h_ng s tc 7 cBC 8h;n `ng %7t chi]u
b*c hCi
A. (thgi giCn)
&Q
B. %ol( l:t
&Q
((thgi giCn)
&Q

C. l:t
$
(%ol
&$
((thgi giCn)
&Q
D. lit(%ol
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
Cu 22: Phi lng %ol cBC 8h9n t he%oglobin l, 41111gY%ol( NEu hhC tCn 41 gC%
he%oglobin A,o nKc th,nh Q l:t Jung Jch 4
o
- thW 8 su>t the% th>u cBC Jung Jch t@o
th,nh l, -ho i! 1#1U$ Ct(l:tY
o
P(
A. 1#1$3 Ct B. 1#1Q" Ct C. 1#QS Ct D. 1#$ Ct
Cu 23: jhang trWnh 7ng hGc xc nh h_ng s tc 7 cBC %7t 8h;n `ng %7t chi]u l,
lnk+l ! &?t c lnk+ol hoXc ln (C&x) ! &?t c ln C
NoXc
o
A
A
t
k
l k
l k
ln
Q
=
hoXc
x a
a
t
k

= ln
Q

)Ki k+lo! C l, nmng ^n ch>t + thgi io% bCn =u(
k+l ! C fx l, nmng ^n ch>t + thgi io% t Cng x6t(
N[y cho biEt b9 nc cBC 8h;n `ng %7t chi]u trn l,
A. T9 nc Q B. T9 nc $ C. T9 nc " D. T9 nc 1
Cu 24: -3NSNN$ c 8Pb ! /#4$( )*y 8N cBC Q11%l Jung Jch -3NSNN$ 1#1QR l,
A. U#11 B. S#4Q C. / D. U#$/
Cu 25: R^nt 8h;n `ng c h_ng s nhi nt ^n !$( Npi ?hi tLng nhi nt ^n ln 41
o
thW tc ^n
cBC 8h;n `ng tLng ln bCo nhiu l=n(
A( 4 l=n B( U l=n C. Q3 l=n D( "$ l=n
Cu 26: -N"-OON c 8PC! 4#44( )*y 8N cBC Jung Jch -N"-OON 1#QSR l,
A( $#" B. $#4U C( "#$4 D( S#S3
Cu 27: jh;i l>y bCo nhiu gC% glucoqa hhC tCn trong Q11 gC% nKc o h@ nhi nt ^n
^ng L nc cBC Jung Jch thu c xung 1#/"
o
-( TiEt ? cBC nKc b_ng Q#U3(
A. Q$ gC% B. Q4 gC% C. / gC% D. QU gC%
Cu 28: No, tCn 4#3 gC% %7t ch>t (+) ?h^ng i<n ly (R+! /$) A,o Q11 gC% nKc t@o
th,nh Jung Jch (5)( H:nh nhi<t 7 s^i cBC Jung Jch (5)( TiEt h_ng s nghi<% s^i cBC nKc l,
1#S$(
A. Q11#S
o
- B. Q11#$3
o
- C. Q11#3
o
- D. Q1Q#$3
o
-
Cu 29: H:ch s tCn cBC -C-O" $S
o
- 4#U(Q1
&/
( )*y 7 tCn cBC -C-O" $S
o
- l,
A. 3#U/$(Q1
&S
%olYl:t( B. 3#$U/(Q1
&S
%olYl:t(
C. 3#/$U(Q1
&S
%olYl:t( D. U#/$3(Q1
&S
%olYl:t(
Cu 30: NN" c 8Pb ! 4#44( )*y 8N cBC Jung Jch gm% NN" 1#Q$R A, NN4-l 1#QR l,
A( U#$S" B. /#"4 C( /#$/ D(Q1#$3
-9u"Q
Nguyn t hyJro tr@ng thi ?:ch th:ch c bn ?:nh nguyn t b_ng $#Q$ r( Npi Ji<n t cBC
nguyn t NyJro b ?:ch th:ch Cng chuyon 7ng trn sut @o n,o(
+( P T( \ -( R u( N
-9u "$
v tr@ng thi ca b;n cBC nguyn t hyJro nggi tC t:nh c A*n tc cBC electron A,o ?ho;ng
Q1
U
c%Ys( Hrong %7t gi9y electron chuyon 7ng c bCo nhiu Ahng xung suCnh nh9n(
+( "#11$/Q34"$xQ1
QS
Ahng T( "#11$/Q34"$xQ1
Q$
Ahng
-( "#11$/Q34"$xQ1
Q1
Ahng u( "#11$/Q34"$ Ahng
-9u ""
Phi gi;i 8hang trWnh sng VchroJinger nggi tC thu c cc h,% sng w ( Rxi h,% sng
w thu c nh A*y `ng AKi %>y A9n @o nguyn t y
+Y %7t TY bC -Y nL% uY b;y(
-9u "4
zi AKi cc nguyn t thu7c 8h9n nh% ch:nh# trong b;ng h< thng tu=n ho,n# t:nh ch>t cBC
chDng biEn Fi
+( HI trn xung JKi trong %7t 8h9n nh%# t:nh ?i% lo@i tLng J=n(
T( HI trn xung JKi trong %7t 8h9n nh% t:nh ?i% lo@i gi;% J=n(
-( HI tri sCng 8h;i t:nh ?i% lo@i tLng J=n(
u( HI tri sCng 8h;i t:nh ?h tLng J=n(
-9u "S
- %7t b7 bn s lng t th:ch h8 cho nguyn t + nh sCu
+ ( n!" #l! 1#%!Q # %s ! c QY$ T( n!" #l! 1#%! 1 # %s ! c QY$
-( n!"#l! " # %!Q # %s !cQY$ u( n!"#l! 1# %!$ # %s ! c QY$
-9u "3
Phi t@o th,nh 8h9n t NN" nguyn t N c ?i]u lCi hC
+ ( s8 T( s8
$
- ( s8
"
u( s8
"
J
$
-9u "4
Phi t@o th,nh 8h9n t NNO" nguyn t N c ?i]u lCi hC
+ ( s8 T( s8
$
- ( s8
"
u( s8
"
J
$
-9u "U
->u t@o A, i<n t:ch cBC ion cyCnuC c tho %^ t; nh sCu
(c) (&) (&) (c) (&) (&)
+( -{N +( -{N T( -{N u( -{N
-9u "/
-ho 8h;n `ng -C-O"(r) -CO(r) c -O$(?)
Cho i!":
-C-O"(r) -CO(r) -O$(?)
Nhi<t t@o th,nh (
o
S K
o
H
) ( $/U

)
PcClY%ol
&$UU#S &QSQ#/ &/4#Q
|ntro8i (
o
K
o
S
$/U
) -ClY%ol
o
P
$$#$ /#S SQ#Q
Nhi<t 7 c=n thiEt o 8h;n `ng n,y bdt =u x;y rC l,
+( S11
1
- T( Q111#4
1
- -( U"3#4
1
- u( QQ1/#4
1
-
-9u 41
-ho 8h;n `ng
$-O (?) c 4N$ (?) N$O(l) c -$NSON(l)
Cho i!":
N$ -O -$NSON N$O
Nhi<t t@o th,nh (
o
S K
o
H
) ( $/U

) PcClY%ol
&$3#4 &33#4 &3U#"
|ntro8i (
o
K
o
S
$/U
) -ClY%ol
o
P
"Q#$ /#S "U#4 Q3#4
Nhi<t 7 c=n thiEt o 8h;n `ng n,y bdt =u x;y rC l,
+( Q11
o
- T( /$"#"4
o
- -( 3S1#"4
o
- u( 4S1#"4
o
-
-9u 4Q
-ho 8h;n `ng
(NN$)$-O (JJ) c N$O (l) -O$ (JJ) c $NN" (JJ)
TiEt
o
S K
o
H
) ( $/U

?cClY%ol &43#" &3U#" &/U#4 &Q/#"

Ni<u `ng nhi<t cBC 8h;n `ng i]u ?i<n chuen l,
+( f 4#"PcClY%ol T( 4#" PcClY%ol -( 4" PcClY%ol u( "4 PcClY%ol
-9u 4$
N_ng s tc 7 cBC 8h;n `ng b*c hCi c an A
+( (thgi giCn)
&Q
T( %ol( l:t
&Q
((thgi giCn)
&Q
0 -( l:t
$
(%ol
&$
((thgi giCn)
&Q
0 u( lit(%ol
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
-9u 4"
-ho 2e !S3 # O!Q3 ( zang lng gC% cBC 2e$O" l,
+( Q31Y" gC% T( U1Y" gC% -( 41Y" gC% u( 31Y" gC%
-9u 44
Hrong %7t 8h;n `ng
2e
$c
2e
"c

-ho biEt 2e! S3 # O! Q3( zang lng gC% cBC 2eO l,
+( 4$ gC% T( "3 gC% -( $4 gC% u( Q$ gC%
-9u 4S
Phi lng %ol cBC 8h9n t he%oglobin l, 41111gY%ol( NEu hhC tCn 41 gC% he%oglobin A,o
nKc th,nh Q l:t Jung Jch 4
o
- thW 8 su>t the% th>u cBC Jung Jch t@o th,nh l,
+( 1#1$3 Ct T( 1#1Q" Ct -( 1#QS Ct u( 1#$ Ct
-9u 43
-ho .- ! 3 0 .O! U( z^n b^ni lin ?Et gi}C hCi nguyn t - A, O trong 8h9n t -O l,
+( Q 0 T( $ -( " u( 4
-9u 44
-ho cc ch>t -O$ 0 N$O 0 --l4 0 VO$ ( -c ch>t c 8h9n t 8h9n c~c
+( -O$ 0 N$O T( -O$ 0 --l4
-( N$O 0 --l4 u( N$O 0 VO$
-9u 4U
-ho |-!- ! Q4$#S PcClY%ol 0 |-&- ! 4U#1 PcClY%ol 0 |-&N ! //#1 PcClY%ol
|N&N! Q14#$ PcClY%ol
jh;n `ng -N$!-N$ c N$ -N"&-N" c hi nu `ng nhi nt
+( $/" PcCl T( &$/" PcCl -( $#/" PcCl u( &$#/" ?cCl
-9u 4/
- %^nt ch>t + thC% giC 8h;n `ng# 8hang trWnh ^nng hGc c %^ t;
lnk+l ! &?t c lnk+1l
)Ki k+l l, nmng ^n ch>t + thgi io% t A, k+1l l, nmng ^n ch>t + bCn =u(
T9 nc cBC 8h;n `ng %, + thC% giC l,
+( T9 nc Q T( T9 nc $ -( T9 nc " u( T9 nc 1
-9u S1
- %^nt ch>t + thC% giC 8h;n `ng# 8hang trWnh ^nng hGc c %^ t;
k+l ! &?t c k+1l
)Ki k+l l, nmng ^n ch>t + thgi io% t A, k+1l l, nmng ^n ch>t + bCn =u(
T9 nc cBC 8h;n `ng %, + thC% giC l,
+( T9 nc Q T( T9 nc $ -( T9 nc " u( T9 nc 1
-9u SQ
- %^nt ch>t + thC% giC 8h;n `ng# 8hang trWnh ^nng hGc c %^ t;

l k
Q
l k
Q
1
A
kt
A
+ =
)Ki k+l l, nmng ^n ch>t + thgi io% t A, k+1l l, nmng ^n ch>t + bCn =u(
T9 nc cBC 8h;n `ng %, + thC% giC l,
+( T9 nc Q T( T9 nc $ -( T9 nc " u( T9 nc 1
-9u S$
- %^nt ch>t + thC% giC 8h;n `ng# 8hang trWnh ^nng hGc c %^ t;

$
1
$
l k
Q
l k
Q
A
kt
A
+ =
)Ki k+l l, nmng ^n ch>t + thgi io% t A, k+1l l, nmng ^n ch>t + bCn =u(
T9 nc cBC 8h;n `ng %, + thC% giC l,
+( T9 nc Q T( T9 nc $ -( T9 nc " u( T9 nc 1
-9u S"
N_ng s tc 7 cBC 8h;n `ng b*c %^nt c an A
+( (thgi giCn)
&Q
T( %ol( l:t
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
0 -( l:t
$
(%ol
&$
((thgi giCn)
&Q
0 u( lit(%ol
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
-9u S4
N_ng s tc 7 cBC 8h;n `ng b*c bC c an A
+( (thgi giCn)
&Q
T( %ol( l:t
&Q
((thgi giCn)
&Q
0 -( l:t
$
(%ol
&$
((thgi giCn)
&Q
0 u( lit(%ol
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
-9u SS
N_ng s tc 7 cBC 8h;n `ng b*c ?h^ng c an A
+( (thgi giCn)
&Q
T( %ol( l:t
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
0 -( l:t
$
(%ol
&$
((thgi giCn)
&Q
0 u( lit(%ol
&Q
(thgi giCn)
&Q
-9u S3
R^nt 8h;n `ng c h_ng s nhi nt ^n !"( Npi ?hi tLng nhi nt ^n ln 41
o
thW tc ^n cBC 8h;n `ng
tLng ln bCo nhiu l=n(
+( " l=n T( Q$ l=n -( QU l=n u( UQ l=n
-9u S4 v 4Q1
o
- h_ng s c9n b_ng cBC 8h;n `ng
N$ c Z$ $NZ P- ! 4U
Npi ?hi tr^nn Q %ol N$ AKi Q %ol Z$ trong %^nt bWnh c Jung t:ch Q l:t thW nmng ^ n cBC N$ t@i thgi
io% c9n b_ng l, bCo nhiuy
+( 1#443 %olYl:t T( 1#$$4 %olYl:t -( 1#S %olYl:t u( Q#SS$ %olYlit
-9u SU
R^nt 8h;n `ng c h n s nhi nt b_ng $( v 1
1
- 8h;n `ng ?Et thDc sCu Q1$4 ng,y( Npi "1
o
-
8h;n `ng ?Et thDc sCu bCo l9uy
+(Q111 ng,y T( Q11 ng,y -( Q$U ng,y Q$3 ng,y
-9u S/
jh;i l>y bCo nhiu gC% glucoqa hhC tCn trong QS1 gC% nKc o h@ nhi nt ^n ^ng L nc cBC
Jung Jch thu c xung 1#4S
o
-( TiEt ? cBC nKc b_ng Q#U3
+( S gC% T( Q1 gC% -( QS gC% u( Q1#U/ gC%
Cu 60: -3NSNN$ c 8Pb ! /#4$( Hrong %^nt cc ch`C Q11%l Jung Jch -3NSNN$ 1#1QR( 8N
cBC Jung Jch l,(
+( U#11 T( U#S -( / u( U#$/
-9u 3Q
Hrong h< thng tu=n ho,n cc nguyn t c sd8 xE8 A,o b;ng theo nguyn tdc(
+) Hh` t~ tLng J=n i<n t:ch h@t nh9n tI tri sCng 8h;i# tI trn xung JKi
T) Hh` t~ tLng J=n ?hi lng nguyn t tI tri sCng 8h;i# tI trn xung JKi
-) Hh` t~ tLng J=n s lK8 Ap nguyn t tI tri sCng 8h;i# tI trn xung JKi
u) Hh` t~ tLng J=n s ?hi cBC cc nguyn t tI tri sCng 8h;i# tI trn xung JKi
-9u 3$(
Nguyn t gm% %7t h@t nh9n n_% trung t9% A, cc electron chuyon 7ng xung suCnh nh
cc h,nh tinh chuyon 7ng suCnh %Xt trgi(
jht biou trn l, cBC Ci y
+) iutherorJ (Nggi +nh & Q/QQ)
T) jlCnc? (nggi z`c &Q/11)
-) Tor (nggi zCn R@ch &Q/Q")
u) Neisenberg (nggi z`c & Q/$4)
-9u 3"
Hrong nguyn t electron ch suCy suCnh trn nh}ng sut @o xc nh gGi l, cc su @o
lng t( u @o lng t 8h;i thpC %[n i]u ?i<n %Ar ! n
jht biou trn l, cBC Ci y
+) iutherorJ (Nggi +nh & Q/QQ)
T) jlCnc? (nggi z`c &Q/11)
-) Tor (nggi zCn R@ch &Q/Q")
u) Neisenberg (nggi z`c&Q/$4)
-9u 34
->u hWnh electron cBC .n (. ! "1) Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
3
"J
Q1
4s
$
( N[y cho biEt chu ?M# 8h9n nh%
cBC .n trong h< thng tu=n ho,n A, cho biEt .n l, ?i% lo@i# 8hi ?i% hCy ?h: hiE%(
+) chu ?M 4 nh% ZZ+# ?i% lo@i
T) chu ?M 4 nh% ZZT# ?i% lo@i
-) chu ?M 4 nh% ZZ+# 8hi ?i%
u) chu ?M " nh% ZZT# ?h: hiE%
-9u 3S
h
2
->u hWnh electron cBC j (. ! QS) Qs
$
$s
$
$8
3
"s
$
"8
"
( -ho biEt h,% sng (n#l#%#%s) xc nh
electron cui cng Xc trng cho nguyn t j l,
+) ("#Q#&Q#cQY$)
T) ("#$#cQ#cQY$)
-) ("#1#1#cQY$)
u) ("#Q#cQ#cQY$)
-9u 33
Nguyn t (+) c electron cui cng xc nh bi bn s lng t n!" # l !$ # % ! &$ # %s ! &
'
-ho .2e ! $3 .-o ! $4 .Ni ! $U .-u ! $/
Nguyn t (+) l,
+) 2e
T) -o
-) Ni
u) -u
-9u 33
N[y sd8 xE8 cc nguyn t A, ion sCu NC # Rg
$c
# +l
"c
# NC
c
theo chi]u tLng J=n bn ?:nh(
+) NCRg
$c
+l
"c
NC
c

T) Rg
$c
+l
"c
NC
c
NC
-) NC+l
"c
Rg
$c
NC
c

u) +l
"c
Rg
$c
NC
c
NC
-9u 34
HhE n,o l, s~ lCi hC s8
$

+) %7t h,% sng cBC orbitCn s ?Et h8 AKi %7t h,% sng cBC obitCn 8 th,nh %7t tF h8
tuyEn t:nh t@o rC hCi obitCn lCi hC s8
$
ho,n to,n ging h<t nhCu c hCi trc i x`ng
trng nhCu t@o AKi nhCu %7t gc QU1
o
T) ) %7t h,% sng cBC orbitCn s ?Et h8 AKi hCi h,% sng cBC obitCn 8 th,nh %7t tF h8
tuyEn t:nh t@o rC bC obitCn lCi hC s8
$
ho,n to,n ging h<t nhCu c bC trc i x`ng t@o
AKi nhCu %7t gc Q$1
o
-) ) %7t h,% sng cBC orbitCn s ?Et h8 AKi bC h,% sng cBC obitCn 8 th,nh %7t tF h8
tuyEn t:nh t@o rC bn obitCn lCi hC s8
"
ho,n to,n ging h<t nhCu c bn trc i x`ng
t@o AKi nhCu %7t gc Q1/
o
$U
u) ) %7t h,% sng cBC orbitCn s ?Et h8 AKi %7t h,% sng cBC obitCn 8 A, %7t h,% sng
cBC orbitCn J th,nh %7t tF h8 tuyEn t:nh t@o rC bC obitCn lCi hC s8
$
ho,n to,n ging
h<t nhCu bC trc i x`ng t@o AKi nhCu %7t gc Q$1
o
-9u 3U
N[y cho biEt trong 8h9n t NN" l=n lt c bCo nhiu lin ?Et s8
"
&s A, s8
$
&s c hWnh
th,nh(
+) $ # Q
T) " # 1
-) Q # $
u) 1 # "
-9u 3/
N[y cho biEt ?hi nghin c`u c>u t@o 8h9n t N$O theo 8hang 8h8 )T tC th>y trn nguyn t
oxy chn hCi ^i electron gh68 ^i# chC thC% giC lin ?Et( )*y hCi ^i electron n,y c sd8
xE8 (
+) hCi orbitCn $8 cBC oxy
T) hCi orbitCn lCi hC s8
$
cBC oxy
-) %7t orbitCn $s A, QorbitCn $8 cBC oxy
u) hCi orbitCn lCi hC s8
"
cBC oxy
-9u 41
+xit sClisilic (Cxit ortohyJroxi benqoic) (? hi<u l, 5) c nhi<t 7 s^i th>8 han Cxit 8CrC
hyJroxi benqoic (? hi<u l, ) AW
+) (5) t@o c lin ?Et hyJro lin 8h9n t AKi nKc(
T) (5) t@o c lin ?Et hyJro n7i 8h9n t l,% thu gGn 8h9n t l@i(
-) (5) t@o c lin ?Et hyJro n7i 8h9n t l,% gi;% s N linh 7ng(
u) (5) t@o c lin ?Et hyJro n7i 8h9n t l,% gi;% s N linh 7ng t@o c lin ?Et
hyJro lin 8h9n t AKi 8h9n t nKc(
-9u 4Q
N[y cho biEt trong 8h9n t -N-l$f-N!-N$ l=n lt c bCo nhiu lin ?Et s8
"
&s A, s8
$
&s
c hWnh th,nh
+) $ # Q
T) "# Q
-) Q # "
u) $ # "
-9u 4$
N[y cho biEt trong 8h9n t -N-l$f-N!-N$ i tI tri sCng 8h;i cc nguyn t ccbon l=n lt
c tr@ng thi lCi hC l,
+) s8
"
# s8
"
# s8
"
T) s8
$
# s8
$
# s8
$
-) s8
$
# s8 # s8
"
u) s8
"
# s8
$
# s8
$
-9u 4"
R7t 8h;n `ng c h< s nhi<t 7 bng "( Npi c=n thCy Fi ( tLng hCy gi;%) nhi<t 7 8h;n `ng
bCo nhiu 7 - o tc 7 8h;n `ng tLng th% 4$/ l=n(
+) tLng 41
o
-
T) tLng S1
o
-
-) tLng 31
o
-
u) gi;% S1
o
-
-9u 44
R7t 8h;n `ng b*c Z c h_ng s tc 7 U(Q1
&"
s
&Q
( Npi sCu thgi giCn (gi9y) bCo l9u nmng 7 bCn
=u cBC 8h;n `ng gi;% i U l=n(
+) Q/$#"4 (s)
T) QU4#4S (s)
-) $S/#"/ (s)
u) $/S#"/ (s)
-9u 4S
z7 9% i<n cBC %7t nguyn t l,
+) 7 9% i<n cBC %7t nguyn t l, ?h; nLng nhgng electron cBC nguyn t (
T) 7 9% i<n cBC %7t nguyn t l, ?h; nLng nh*n electron cBC nguyn t (
-) 7 9% i<n cBC %7t nguyn t l, @i lng cho biEt ?h; nLng nguyn t cBC %7t
nguyn t hDt electron lin ?Et A] 8h:C n(
u) -; + # T # - ]u Dng(
-9u 43
H:nh nhi<t t@o th,nh tiu chuen (PcClY%ol) cBC ru etylic tI cc J} ?i<n sCu 9y
-$NSON(l) c "O$ (?) $-O$ (?) c "N$O (l)
TiEt
sinh nhi<t cBC -O$ ! & /4#S PcClY%ol
sinh nhi<t cBC N$O ! & 3U#" PcClY%ol
+) 33#/ PcClY%ol
T) f Q34#$ PcClY%ol
-) f 33#/ ?cClY%ol
u) Q34#$ ?cClY%ol
-9u 44
5c nh hi<u `ng nhi<t cBC 8h;n `ng (P)
-N{ -N (?) c $-l$ (?) -l$-N f -N-l$
TiEt nLng lng cBC cc lin ?Et nh sCu
NLng lng lin ?Et - f - -{- -l & -l - & -l
P "44#" U$"#Q $4$#" "4S#$
+) f 4$1#3 P
T) f 4$1#4 P
-) &$$4#" P
u) "4$#/ P
-9u 4U
5et 8h;n `ng N$O4 $NO$
H:nh biEn thin thE ng nhi<t ng 8 (-Cl) cBC 8h;n `ng i]u ?i<n 1
o
-( )*y 1
o
- 8h;n
`ng x;y rC theo chi]u n,oy( bi; s biEn thin enthC8y A, entro8y cBC 8h;n `ng ?h^ng thCy Fi
theo nhi<t 7(
TiEt
TiEn thin enthCl8y cBC 8h;n `ng i]u ?i<n chuen Q"#U4 PcCl
TiEn thin entro8y cBC 8h;n `ng i]u ?i<n chuen 4$#Q/ -ClY
o
P
A) f QQ3Q#$/ -Cl 8h;n `ng x;y rC theo chi]u t@o rC nhi]u NO$
B) c QQ3Q#$/ -Cl 8h;n `ng x;y rC theo chi]u t@o rC nhi]u N$O4
C) f $"S$#Q" -Cl 8h;n `ng x;y rC theo chi]u t@o rC nhi]u NO$
D) c $"S$#Q" -Cl 8h;n `ng x;y rC theo chi]u t@o rC nhi]u N$O4
-9u 4/
56t %7t 8h;n `ng c h_ng s tc 7 ? ! S#4(Q1
&3
s
&Q
( A*y b*c cBC 8h;n `ng trn l,
+) T*c 1
T) T*c Q
-) T*c $
u) T*c "
-9u U1
jhang trWnh 7ng hGc xc nh h_ng s tc 7 cBC 8h;n `ng %7t chi]u l,
k+1l nmng 7 =u cBC ch>t + thC% giC 8h;n `ng
k+l nmng 7 cBC + thgi io% c9n b_ng
x nmng 7 ch>t + [ %>t i

h[y cho biEt b*c cBC 8h;n `ng %7t chi]u trn(
+) T*c Q
T) T*c $
-) T*c "
u) T*c 1
-9u UQ
HhE n,o l, hi<n tng the% th>u
+) l, hi<n tng cc 8h9n t ch>t tCn ?huEch tn suC %,ng bn the% o i A,o Jung Jch(
T) \, hi<n tng cc 8h9n t Jung %^i ?huEch tn suC %,ng bn the% o i A,o Jung
Jch
-) \, hi<n tng cc 8h9n t ch>t tCn A, cc 8h9n t Jung %^i ?huchQ tn suC %,ng bn
the% o i A,o Jung Jch
u) +#T#- ]u Dng(
-9u U$
R7t Jung Jch ch`C S4 gC% gluco -3NQ$O3 trong $S1 gC% nKc s ^ng Xc bCo nhiu 7 y
cho biEt h_ng s nghi<% l@nh cBC nKc l, Q#U3
1
-Y%ol(gC% (-!Q$ # N!Q# O!Q3)
x
t
?!
+) &$#$"$
o
-
T) &1#SSU
o
-
-) &1#$4/
o
-
u) &1#Q"/S
o
-
-9u U"
Hrong Q%l Jung Jch ch`C Q1
&3
%ol ch>t tCn + 1
o
-( )*y 8 su>t the% th>u cBC Jung Jch
(t:nh theo %%Ng) l,
+) Q/#S4 %%Ng
T) Q3#4U$ %%Ng
-) Q4#1$4 %%Ng
u) Q4#41$ %%Ng
-9u U4
Tiou th`c cBC inh lu*t iCun (iCoult) th` hCi A] 7 tLng nhi<t 7 s^i ts! Ps(-%( N[y cho
biEt nghtC cBC h_ng s nghi<% s^i Ps(
+) N_ng s nghi<% s^i l, 7 tLng nhi<t 7 s^i cBC Jung Jch(
T) N_ng s nghi<% s^i l, 7 tLng nhi<t 7 s^i cBC Jung Jch ch`C Q%ol ch>t tCn trong
Q111 gC% Jung %^i(
-) N_ng s nghi<% s^i l, nhi<t 7 s^i cBC Jung Jch(
u) N_ng s nghi<% s^i l, nhi<t 7 s^i cBC Jung Jch ch`C Q%ol ch>t tCn trong Q111 gC%
Jung %^i(
-9u US
H:nh 7 tCn (%olYlit) $S
o
- cBC +g-l trong nKc $S
o
- ( -ho biEt tich s tCn cBC +g-l
$S
o
- l, Q#4U( Q1
&S
(
+) Q#""4(Q1
&S
(%olYl:t)
T) Q#4""( Q1
&S
(%olYl:t)
-) Q#"$S ( Q1
&S
(%olYl:t)
u) Q#"4"(Q1
&S
(%olYl:t)
-9u U3
HhE n,o l, Jung Jch <%
+) l, Jung Jch t@o bi %7t bCqa yEu A, %ui cBC n# %, ?hi th% %7t lng nhp Cxit
%@nh hoXc bCqa %@nh A,o thW 8N cBC Jung Jch ?h^ng thCy Fi hoXc thCy Fi ?h^ng
ng ?o(
T) l, Jung Jch t@o bi %7t Cxit yEu A, %ui cBC n# %, ?hi th% %7t lng nhp Cxit
%@nh hoXc bCqa %@nh A,o thW 8N cBC Jung Jch ?h^ng thCy Fi hoXc thCy Fi ?h^ng
ng ?o(
-) l, Jung Jch t@o bi %7t bCqa %@nh A, %ui cBC n# %, ?hi th% %7t lng nhp Cxit
yEu hoXc bCqa yEu A,o thW 8N cBC Jung Jch ?h^ng thCy Fi hoXc thCy Fi ?h^ng ng
?o(
u) c; + A, T ]u Dng(
-9u U4
NN" c 8Pb! 4#44 ( )*y Jung Jch gm% NN"1#Q$R A, NN4-l 1#QR l,
+) U#$S"
T) /#"4
-) /#$/
u) Q1#$3
-9u UU
H:nh nmng 7 ON
&
trong %7t l:t Jung Jch NN" 1#QR( TiEt h_ng s i<n ly cBC NN"
Pb!Q#U(Q1
&S
(
+) Q#"4(Q1
&"
(%olYl:t)
T) 4#$4(Q1
&"
(%olYl:t)
-) Q#"4(Q1
&$
(%olYl:t)
u) 4#$4(Q1
&4
(%olYl:t)
-9u U/
Hrong cc Jung Jch sCu 9y NC$-O" # NC-l # P$VO4 # -N"-OONC # -3NSONC# NN4-l#
-3NSONN"-l# +l-l"( uung Jch n,o c 8N4
+) NC-l # P$VO4
T) NN4-l # -3NSONN"-l# +l-l"
-) P$VO4# -N"-OONC# +l-l"
u) NC$-O" # -N"-OONC# -3NSONC
-9u /1
H:nh 7 tCn (%olYlit) $S
o
- cBC -CVO4 trong nKc ( -ho biEt tich s tCn cBC -CVO4 $S
o
- l,
/#Q( Q1
&3
(
+) $#Q$(Q1
&"
(%olYl:t)
T) "#31Q3( Q1
&"
(%olYl:t)
-) "#33 ( Q1
&"
(%olYl:t)
u) "#1Q33(Q1
&"
(%olYl:t)