The Threshold of the constitutional Era Spanish Regime colonization by the Spanish and later by the Americans . During the later part of more than 300 years of Spanish rule, nationalist sentiment began to grow among groups of Indios American Regime A revolution was launched against Spain and the revolutionaries declared Philippine independence in Kawit, Cavite on June 12, 1898 The Threshold of the constitutional Era known as the Malolos Congress was convened on September 15, 1898 and the first Philippine Constitution, called the Malolos Constitution, was approved on January 20, 1899 It is called the First Philippine Republic. In the Spanish-American War of 1898 independence would be granted by the US to the Philippines In 1916, the US passed the Jones Act the formation of a stable democratic government modeled on the American model
The Threshold of the constitutional Era The US approved a ten-year transition plan in 1934 and drafted a new constitution in 1935 Japanese Regime World War II and the Japanese invasion on December 8, 1941, however, interrupted that plan. the fall of Bataan and Corregidor in 1942, a Japanese republic was established, in reality, a period of military rule by the Japanese Imperial Army Constitutional Change A new constitution was ratified in 1943 by Filipino collaborators who were called the Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod ng Bagong Pilipinas (Kalibapi). The Threshold of the constitutional Era guerilla movement continued to resist the Japanese occupation. Japanese forces were finally defeated by the Allies in 1944 Independence of the Phil. Philippine independence was eventually achieved on July 4, 1946 The 1935 Constitution, which featured a political system virtually identical to the American The system called for a President to be elected at large for a 4-year term (subject to one re-election) Independence to martial law Presidents Ramon Magsaysay (1953-57), Carlos Garcia (1957-61), and Diosdado Macapagal (1961-65) managed to stabilize the country implement domestic reforms, diversify the economy, and build Philippine ties not only to the United States, but also to its Asian neighbors. Ferdinand Marcos was elected president in 1965 and was re-elected in 1969 Independence to martial law the first president to be so re-elected he declared martial law in 1972 He then manipulated an ongoing Constitutional Convention and caused the drafting of a new constitution the 1973 Constitution which allowed him to rule by decree until 1978 when the presidential system of the 1935 Constitution was replaced with a parliamentary one Independence to martial law In 1981, martial law was officially lifted, He was being re-elected in a farce of an election to a new 6-year term celebrated as the People Power , Benigno Aquino Jr.s was installed as president on February 25, 1986.
1987 Constitution Corazon Aquino during March , issued a unilateral proclamation establishing a provisional constitution
. This constitution gave the President broad powers and great authority But Aquino use them only to restore democracy under a new constitution
new constitution was drafted in 133 days by an appointed Constitutional Commission of 48 members and ratified by the people in a plebiscite held on February 2, 1987 1987 Constitution 1987 Constitution established a representative democracy with power divided among three separate and independent branches of government: the Executive, a bicameral Legislature, and the Judiciary. . Integrated into the Constitution was a full Bill of Rights, which guaranteed fundamental civil and political rights, and it provided for free, fair, and periodic elections.
SUMMARIZED TIMELINE OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION 1542 Spanish claim the islands 1898 Spain cedes the Philippines to the US 1902 US establishes civil government to replace military rule 1935 The Commonwealth of the Philippines is established under President Manuel Quezon and the US promises independence in 10 years
SUMMARIZED TIMELINE OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION 1941 Japanese forces invade the islands 1944 The US retakes the islands 1946 The US grants the new Republic of the Philippines full independence 1965 Ferdinand Marcos becomes President 1969 Marcos is reelected despite allegations of elections fraud, Vietnam protests begin, Muslim separatists begin guerrilla war in the south
SUMMARIZED TIMELINE OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION 1972 Marcos declares martial law, suspends parliaments, arrests opposition leaders, and imposes censorship regulations 1973 New constitution adopted granting Marcos broad powers 1981 Marcos wins reelection, martial law lifted 1983 Opposition leader Benigno Aquino killed as he returns to the Philippines from exile 1986 Marcos opposed in elections by Aquinos widow Corazon, mass protests of election results in favor of Marcos forces him into exile 11 February 1987 New Constitution passed
SUMMARIZED TIMELINE OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION 1992 Aquino replaced as President by defence minister Fidel Ramos 1996 Peace agreement signed with Muslim separatist group 1998 Joseph Estrada, former film star, elected President January 2000 Impeachment trial against Estrada suspended, leading to mass protests which replace Estrada with Vice-President Gloria Arroyo
SUMMARIZED TIMELINE OF THE PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION April 2001 Estrada found guilty of stealing more than 80 million dollars of state funds during Presidency, but later pardoned June 2004 Arroyo elected to Presidency 2005 Arroyo resists attempt to impeach her under allegations of vote-rigging, declares a state of emergency in response to an alleged military coup 2007-2009 Ethnic tensions mount between Islamic separatist groups and Christian majority June 2010 Beningo Noynoy Aquino, son of Corazon Aquino, elected President
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The Educational related laws Timelines (Chronologically arranged) 1980S 1.EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863 (December 20, 1863) promotes the making of primary schools for boys and girls in each locality. 1930s 2. Commonwealth Act #117 January 1,1936
an act to amend sections one, three, seven, eight, ten, seventeen, and twenty-one of act numbered twenty-eight hundred and thirty-three as amended by acts numbered twenty-nine hundred and twenty-six, thirty hundred and twenty-six, thirty-six hundred and five, and thirty-seven hundred and sixty-one, regarding income tax
1930s 3. Commonwealth Act #80 October 26, 1936 - established the Office of Adult Education (vocational training in an effort to eliminate illiteracy) .)
1940S 4. Commonwealth Act #587 ( June 8, 1940) - conferred the status of PERSONS IN AUTHORITY upon teachers (teachers, professors, and persons charged with the supervision of public or duly recognized private schools, colleges, and universities, shall be deemed persons in authority 1940S -5. Education Act of 1940- compulsory completion of elementary, compulsory enrollment of children in public school upon reaching 7 years old
6. Commonwealth Act #589- (August 19, 1940) established school rituals in private and public schools
1940S 7. Republic Act #74 October 21, 1946 - AN ACT TO AMEND ACT NUMBERED TWENTY-SEVEN HUNDRED AND SIX AS AMENDED BY ACT NUMBERED THIRTY HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE AND COMMONWEALTH ACT NUMBERED ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY PROVIDING FOR ADDITIONAL EXPENSES IN THE SUPERVISION AND REGULATION OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES AND FOR A REVOLVING FUND FOR THE PURCHASE AND SALE OF TEXTBOOKS TO PRIVATE SCHOOL STUDENTS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
1940S 8. Republic Act #139 A June 14, 1947 act to amend certain sections of act numbered twenty-nine hundred and fifty-seven, entitled "an act creating a board to have charge of the selection and approval of the textbooks to be used by the colleges and schools of the government, and for other purposes," as amended by act numbered thirty- one hundred and eighty-five, thirty-four hundred and two, and thirty-seven hundred and seventy-two
1940S 9. Republic Act No. 134 June 14, 1947 An act to amend sections one, two and two-a of commonwealth act numbered one hundred and eight, entitled "an act to punish acts of evasion of the laws on the nationalization of certain rights, franchises or privileges," as amended, and to insert between sections three and four thereof a new section to be known as section three-a
1940S 10. Republic act no. 416 June 18, 1949
an act for the purpose of converting the present Philippine normal school into the Philippine normal college, conferring the degrees of bachelor of science in elementary education and master of arts in education, providing for a board of trustees, defining the board's responsibilities and duties, providing professional and technical instruction, and for other purposes 1950s 11. RA #896 (June 20, 1953) Elementary Education Act of 1953. This law repealed Commonwealth Act #586 (restoration of grade 7, abolition of double single session, compulsory completion of elementary, compulsory enrolment of children in public school upon reaching 7 years old) 12. v RA #1124 (June 16, 1954) created the Board of National Education 13. v Act #2706 ( October 31,1955) Private School Law (enacted March 10, 1917) 1950s 14. Republic Act #1425 (June 12, 1956) - teaching life, works and writings of Rizal especially Noli and Filibustirismo in all public and private schools. 15. Republic Act #1079 (June 15, 1959) - provided that civil service eligibility shall be permanent and valid lifetime 16. v RA #1265 (June 11, 1955) compulsory daily flag ceremony in all educational institutions
1960s 17. Republic Act # 4670 June 18, 1966 THE MAGNA CARTA FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS Title Definition. This Act shall be known as the "Magna Carta for Public School Teachers" and shall apply to all public school teachers except those in the professorial staff of state colleges and universities. 1970s 18. v Presidential decree # 146-(March 9, 1972) NCEE (superceded by RA7731 on June 2, 1994) 19. v PD 6-A-(September 29, 1972) Education Development Decree of 1972 20. v PD 907-(March 11, 1976) all honor graduates of colleges and universities are granted civil service eligibility
1980s 21. Batas Pambansa 232 act 1982 (September 11, 1982) An Act Providing For the Establishment And Maintenance Of An Integrated System Of Education. 22. DECS Order #30 s 1993 - NEAT (REQUIRING NATIONAL ELEMENTARY ACHIEVEMENT TEST FOR ALL GRADE VI ELEMENTARY PUPILS )
1980s 23. Commonwealth Act #1 (August 8, 1980) - Preparatory military training shall begin in Elementary grade school at age 10. (amended by PD. 1706 - requiring all citizens to render civil welfare service, law enforcement service and military service.)
24. Batas Pambansa 232 act 1982 (September 11, 1982) An Act Providing For the Establishment And Maintenance Of An Integrated System Of Education
1980s 25. Executive Order # 202 June 19, 1987 CREATING THE LAND TRANSPORTATION FRANCHISING AND REGULATORY BOARD WHEREAS, the Department of Transportation and Communications is vested with, among others, quasi- judicial powers and functions pursuant to Executive Order No. 125, as amended; 26. Executive order # 263 July 19, 1985 ADOPTING COMMUNITY-BASED FOREST MANAGEMENT AS THE NATIONAL STRATEGY TO ENSURE THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY'S FORESTLANDS RESOURCES AND PROVIDING MECHANISMS FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
1980s 27. Executive Order #17 February 25, 1986 WHEREAS, Section 2, Article III of the Freedom Constitution provides that "all elective and appointive officials under the 1973 Constitution shall continue in office until otherwise provided by proclamation or executive order upon the designation or appointment and qualification of their successors, if such appointment is made within the period of one year from February 25, 1986" 1980s 28. Executive Order #14 May 7, 1986 WHEREAS, Executive Order No. 14 dated May 7, 1986 was issued vesting in the Sandiganbayan original and exclusive jurisdiction over all criminal and civil suits filed by the Presidential Commission on Good Government;
29. EO #27 (July 4, 1986) inclusion of human rights courses or subjects
1980s 30.Executive order# 134 February 27, 1987 ENABLING ACT FOR THE ELECTIONS FOR MEMBERS OF CONGRESS ON MAY 11, 1987, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHEREAS, Section 1, Article XVIII of the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines provides that the first elections for Members of Congress shall be held on the second Monday of May, 1987;
1980s 31. EO #189 (June 10, 1987) Basic Salary and COLA of public school teachers will be paid for by national government 32. v RA #6655 (May 25, 1988) Free Public Secondary Act of 1988 1990s 33. v DECS Order #30 s 1994- NSAT 34. RA #7722 (May 18, 1994) created CHED 35. v RA #7743 (June 17, 1994) established public libraries and reading centers in every barangay 36. v RA #7784 (August 4, 1994) established Centers of Excellence and Teachers Education Council 1990s 37. v RA #7796 (August 25, 1994) established TESDA 38. v RA #7836 (December 16, 1994) Phil Teachers Professionalization Act (supercedes PBET 39. v RA #7877 (February 14, 1995) Anti-Sexual Harassment Act . 1990s 40. Orders DECS ORDER No. 26, s. 1996 year 1996 Institutionalization of SPED Programs in All Schools DECS ORDER NO. ... NO. 48, S. 1990 (Educational Service Contracting and Tuition Fee Supplement at the Secondary Level) 41. DECS Order No. 33, s 1997 Reiterating the implementation of RA 1425 mandating the inclusion of Rizals life, works, and writing, teaching and virtues as a course 1990s 42. DECS Order No. 65, s 1998 Revised guidelines on the selection of honor students in private and public secondary schools - SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM/EXISTENTIALISM 43. DECS Order No. 106, s. 1998 Revised rules exemption of Scouts from Citizen's Army Training (CAT) - SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM . 1990s 44. DECS Order No. 57, s. 1997, Further implementation of the Career Progression Scheme for Master Teacher 1990s 45. DECS ORDER NO. 1,S. 1999 (January 26,1999) Transfer of Administrative Authority Over Elementary and Secondary Schools to the Province of Camarines Norte from the Province of Quezon D 46. DECS ORDER NO. 13, S. 1998 (June 11,1998) Revised Rules and Regulation on the Teaching of Religion in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools
1980S -1990s Summary of Constitutions timeline 1.EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863 (December 20, 1863 2. Commonwealth Act #117 January 1,1936 3. Commonwealth Act #80 October 26, 1936 4. Commonwealth Act #587 ( June 8, 1940) -5. Education Act of 1940- 6. Commonwealth Act #589- (August 19, 1940 7. Republic Act #74 October 21, 1946 8. Republic Act #139 A June 14, 1947 9. Republic Act No. 134 June 14, 1947 10. 10. Republic act no. 416 June 18, 1949
1980S -1990s Summary of Constitution's timeline 11. RA #896 (June 20, 1953) 12. v RA #1124 (June 16, 1954) 13. v Act #2706 ( October 31,1955) 14. Republic Act #1425 (June 12, 1956) 15. Republic Act #1079 (June 15, 1959) 16. v RA #1265 (June 11, 1955) 17. Republic Act # 4670 June 18, 1966 18. v Presidential decree # 146-(March 9, 1972) 19. v PD 6-A-(September 29, 1972) 20. v PD 907-(March 11, 1976)
1980S -1990s Summary of Constitution's timeline 21. Batas Pambansa 232 act 1982 (September 11, 1982) 22. DECS Order #30 s 1993 23. Commonwealth Act #1 (August 8, 1980 24. Batas Pambansa 232 act 1982 (September 11, 1982) 25. Executive Order # 202 June 19, 1987 26. Executive order # 263 July 19, 1985 27. Executive Order #17 February 25, 1986 28. Executive Order #14 May 7, 1986 29. EO #27 (July 4, 1986) 30.Executive order# 134 February 27, 1987
1980S -1990s Summary of Constitution's timeline 31. EO #189 (June 10, 1987) 32. v RA #6655 (May 25, 1988) 33. v DECS Order #30 s 1994- 34. RA #7722 (May 18, 1994) 35. v RA #7743 (June 17, 1994) 36. v RA #7784 (August 4, 1994 37. v RA #7796 (August 25, 1994 38. v RA #7836 (December 16, 1994 39. v RA #7877 (February 14, 1995) 40. Orders DECS ORDER No. 26, s. 1996 year 1996
1980S -1990s Summary of Constitution's timeline 41. DECS Order No. 33, s 1997 42. DECS Order No. 65, s 1998 43. DECS Order No. 106, s. 1998 44. DECS Order No. 57, s. 1997 45. DECS ORDER NO. 1,S. 1999 (January 46. DECS ORDER NO. 13, S. 1998 (June 11,1998