Each body cell is diploid: contains two sets of chromosome characteristics of that species. Each sex cell undergoes meiotic cell division and maturation - occurs in specialized organs called gonads. Results in sperm cells in males and egg cells in females which are haploid.
Each body cell is diploid: contains two sets of chromosome characteristics of that species. Each sex cell undergoes meiotic cell division and maturation - occurs in specialized organs called gonads. Results in sperm cells in males and egg cells in females which are haploid.
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Each body cell is diploid: contains two sets of chromosome characteristics of that species. Each sex cell undergoes meiotic cell division and maturation - occurs in specialized organs called gonads. Results in sperm cells in males and egg cells in females which are haploid.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
(gametes) and the fusion of their nuclei (fertilization) producing a fertilized egg (zygote) Reproduction and development in Animals Each body cell is diploid: contains two sets of chromosome characteristics of that species. Presented as homologous pairs containing genes for the same trait. Gametogenesis Process in which gametes or sex cells are produced – Involves meiotic cell division and maturation – Occurs in specialized organs called gonads – Results in sperm cells in males and egg cells in females which are haploid, only one chromosome for each trait. Spermatogenesis Occurs in male gonads or testes. Produces male gametes or sperm Primary sex cell undergoes meiosis and produces 4 monoploid cells – Each usually matures into a motile sperm cell called a spermatozoa Oogenesis Female gonad is the ovary which produces the ovum (egg) Ovum – Larger then the egg and contains stored nutrients in the form of yolk. Only one egg cell usually forms for each primary sex cell. Other three cells are called polar bodies which cannot be fertilized and degenerate Meiosis Split into two phases 1st phase, chromosomes are replicated and then separated. Interphase 1 DNA replication forming duplicate chromosomes Prophase I Homologous chromosomes pair up and form tetrad. Crossing over occurs here: This increase’s genetic diversity. – It is why your DNA is not identical to your parents. Metaphase I Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes as they are lined up in the middle. Anaphase I Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends Telophase I Cell splits into two different cells Meiosis II No DNA replication occurs Prophase II Centrioles and spindle form Metaphase II Chromosomes line up Anaphase II Sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite ends of the cells. Telophase II Cleaving results in 4 haploid cells – Male – 4 sperm cells – Female – 1 egg and 3 polar bodies. Difference between mitosis and meiosis I Meiosis Is strictly the process of making sex cells! Unlike Mitosis, you end up with half of what you started