Someone was sentenced to death, but since the king loved riddles, he threw this guy into a room with two doors; one door leading to death, one door leading to freedom. There are two guards, each one guarding one door. One of the guards is a perfect liar, the other one will always tell the truth. The man is allowed to ask one soldier, one yes-no uestion and then has to decide, which door to take. !hich one uestion can he ask to "nd the door to freedom#$ Game theory is a branch of mathematics that focuses on strategy. Speci"cally, how can someone have success when their strategy depends on the choices of another# !hy do you think game theory is important to the study of economics, social sciences and the military# %sing reasoning to solve a pu&&le or win a game 'ames of darts have many di(erent rules. The standard game reuires a player to work their way to &ero points from )*+. The last dart must score a double. ,ach player has three darts per turn. -ere is a game between .r. /ang and .r. 0urgess1 0urgess /ang Score Score Turn Score )*+ Turn Score )*+ +** 2*+ 3) 2+4 5) 6*4 3) 66+ +2* +44 +2* +5+ +6* 64 ++* 3+ !hat strategies would give .r. 0urgess a winning turn# !hat strategies would give .r. /ang a winning turn# %sing deductive and inductive reasoning to solve a pu&&le. -ow many ways can a mouse navigate this simple ma&e by only moving down# ST78T 9 : ; 9 : : ; 9 : : : ; 9 : : : : ; ; : : : 9 ; : : 9 ; : 9 <=>=S- ?id you use inductive or deductive reasoning @or bothA to establish the pattern in the ma&e# %sing deductive and inductive reasoning to determine a winning strategy. >im games are played between two players and involve some variation of take away. These games have been a part of many di(erent cultures for centuries. <or instance1 http199www.gamedesign.Bp9Cash9nim9nim.html =n a simple variant, the winner is the person who takes the last piece. %sing one pile you may take one or two pieces each turn. .r. 0urgess and .r. /ang record their results as they play with an increasing pile of coins. <inish their results for them and see if you can detect a pattern. .r. 0urgess always goes "rst. =s there a strategy .r. 0urgess can use to make sure he wins# !hich part of your strategy involved inductive reasoning# !hich part of your strategy involved deductive reasoning# D of coins !inner + 0 E 0 6 / 2 0 ) 0 4 / +2 +)