Fluency is the readers ability to read

with speed, accuracy and expression.

Requires one to combine and use
multiple reading skills at the same
time.



Comprehension
FLUENCY
The Five
Components
of Literacy
Phonemic Awareness,
Vocabulary, Phonics,
Fluency, Comprehension

Jordan Yendall

An excellent tool for improving fluency is
guided oral reading. It helps develop
accuracy and word recognition skills. The
role of the adult is to not constantly correct
the childs reading but to provide guidance
in helping them strategically read the text.
The adult can also use phonics to sound out
and create the word that the child may be
struggling on. Just like many of the literacy
components practice is key. Things such as
guided oral reading, repetitive oral reading,
sight words instruction, and audiobooks can
all be done at home.
http://www.starfall.com/n/level-
c/plays/load.htm?f
Reading Comprehension is what
most people think reading is.
This is because comprehension
is the main reason why people
read. It is more than just reading
words; its putting them
together to develop a story.
Comprehension requires all four
aspects of reading and to draw
upon general thinking skills.

In order to help develop a childs
reading comprehension, the key word
is practice! At school, teachers
practice basic comprehension skills
using the other components of
literacy, but it is important that the
child also practices outside the
classroom.
Reading Comprehension Activities:
http://www.gamequarium.com/readq
uarium/bookswsound.html



The ability to hear, identify and
manipulate the individual sounds-
phonemes- in spoken words.

Vocabulary
Phonemic
Awareness
Phonics
The connection between sounds
and letter symbols is defined as
phonics. It is also the
combination of these sound-
symbol connections to create
words.
At home one should model
ways that a reader uses the
sound-symbol relationship to
decode unfamiliar words by
reading and thinking aloud.
The best texts for modeling
these are nursery rhymes,
songs, non-fiction books and
poems with repetitive
language.
Phonics skills focus on
particular points in the
sequence of instruction. For
example, if children are
learning to identify the sound-
letter connection in a an
appropriate piece of literature
to teach and reinforce this skill
would be one that uses
alliteration of the a sound.
http://pbskids.org/lions/games/
abcd.html
Vigorous vocabulary instruction is
effective for learning the meaning of
words, but more importantly it directly
impacts reading comprehension.
Knowledge of a topic is contained in the
terms relevant to the topic, therefore in
order to understand the topic and all its
meaning one must know the terms
(vocabulary) of the topic.

To enhance a childs vocabulary at home
have them sit down and play educational
vocabulary games instead of video games!
There are many fun and effective ways in
which children can practice vocabulary,
spelling, and even reading comprehension
while still having fun and building their
vocabulary skills!
Computer activity:

At home, one can model phonemic
awareness by reading aloud to their
children and allowing their children to
see them reading.

Also, children learn best from
instruction presented with written
words. It makes connections
between sounds and letters not
only by print words but also by
drawing the attention to sounds by
saying and pointing to the letters
at the same time.
Almost any activity involving spoken
or written language that parents
engage in with their children benefits
their development of phonemic
awareness.
Online Activity:
http://teacher.scholastic.com/activitie
s/bll/reggie/home/index.htm

http://www.starfall.com/n/matching/si
ght-words/play.htm?f