knowledge of words to persuade their audience? ETHOS, PATHOS, LOGOS Aristotelian Appeals The Art of Persuasion
Persuasive/ Argumentative Writing
Rhetoric (n) - speaking or writing effectively (Webster's Definition).
Goal of persuasive writing or speaking: persuade your audience that your ideas are valid!
Using Ethos, pathos and logos will strengthen your argument. (more persuasive)
Video Understanding Ethos, Pathos, Logos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tAsxyffBqm0
Persuasion-Appeals
Rhetoric Triangle Ethos: Credibility Pathos: Emotions Logos: Sense of Logic Logos Ethos Pathos should be balanced within a text/speech. Ethos, Pathos, Logos Ethos: Is it ethical Pathos: Does it make you feel a strong emotion? Logos: Does it make you use your sense of reason (brain) Ethos-(Ethics)-(Image) Appeals to a persons; Ethics (right or wrong) Image Character Topics: Political issues, national beliefs, religious issues.. Etc. Good vs. evil
A speaker or writer could be; Trustworthy Credible Reliable
Example American Lung Association. Or Facebook fan pages. Which of these sources do you suppose is more credible?
Logos: Logic
Appeals to a persons sense of logic: Makes you think about the subject. Very Scientific, to the point (researched)
We might see/hear: Definitions Facts and statistics Quotations Citations from experts Studies/Experiments Example: Smoking is harmful based on the evidence that "Cigarette smoke contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are known to cause cancer." (1)
Pathos: Emotions Appeals to a persons feelings, emotions, and beliefs. We might see; Emotionally loaded language Emotional examples Vivid descriptions Narratives of emotional events Emotional tone Examples: Children, animals, illness, memories, etc. Tugs at your heart strings
RHETORICAL DEVICES RHETORICAL DEVICES (LITERARY) Rhetoric is the art of using words to persuade in writing or speaking Repetition Repetition- a classic technique in presentation and speech making. It can help you tie the theme together and it creates clarity for the listener.
Example: I have a dream is repeated in several lines of Martin Luther King, Jr.s speech. Parallelism
Parallelism: use of successive words, phrases, clauses with the same or very similar structure.
Similar in construction, sound, meaning or meter.
This method adds balance and rhythm to sentences giving ideas a smoother flow Example 1. Alice ran into the room, into the garden, and into our hearts. 2. Whenever you need me, wherever you need me, I will be there for you. Examples of parallelism of the people, by the people, for the people
With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. Common Examples of Parallelism
Like father, like son. The escaped prisoner was wanted dead or alive. Easy come, easy go. Whether in class, at work, or at home, Shasta was always busy. Flying is fast, comfortable, and safe. Anecdote Is brief story used to make a point
Ex. Winston Churchill was very fond of his pet dog Rufus. He ate in the dining room with the family on a special cloth and was treated with utmost respect. When enjoying movies, Rufus had the best seat in the house; on Winston Churchill's lap. While watching Oliver Twist, Churchill put his hands over Rufus' eyes during the scene where Bill Sike's intends to drown his dog. Churchill is believed to have said to Rufus: don't look now, dear. I'll tell you about it later. Allusion A brief reference to a famous person or event, either real or fictional.
Ex. I was surprised his nose was not growing like Pinocchios. Don't be a Scrooge!