Bernard

Baruch
Herbert
Hoover
George
Creel

Selective Service Act
passed by Congress in 1917; authorized draft of men for
military service; 2.8 million drafted, 4.8 million served

Bernard Baruch & War Industries Board (WIB)
determined what products were made, where they went, and
how much they would cost

Herbert Hoover & Food Administration
set prices high for food = farmers produced more; encouraged
Americans to conserve food

George Creel & Committee on Public Information (CPI)
encouraged Americans to support the war; used posters/press

Draft
some believed the draft was an illegal intrusion into their
lives & refused to cooperate with the Selective Service
process

Conscientious objectors
people whose moral or religious beliefs forbid them to
fight in wars; often treated badly

Women
Womens Peace Party (Jane Addams) & Womens
International League for Peace & Freedom






Government Responses:
Espionage Act (1917) - severe penalties for
anyone involved in disloyal or treasonable
activities or interfering with the war effort

Sedition Act (1918) illegal to use disloyal or
abusive language about American government,
Constitution, or military; Socialist leader Eugene
V. Debs (ARU) imprisoned for anti-war speech

German Americans
faced prejudice & sometimes violence







Women
won right to vote; moved into the workforce to replace
men who were fighting; served as nurses

African Americans
fought in segregated units under white officers; Great
Migration 1.2 million moved from the rural South to the
industrial North to escape racism & find better jobs

Mexican Americans
crossed the border to work on ranches in Texas & along
Pacific Coast





Please turn to page 64 in
the orange book on your
desk. Using the graph on
page 64 complete
questions 1-3 on a sheet
of paper.




http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-
i/world-war-i-history/videos/causes-of-
world-war-i
Chapter 19, Section 3
April 1917 America declares
war on Germany & joins the
Allies in World War I

June 1917 small numbers of
American forces arrive in Europe
General John J. Pershing, commander
of American forces in Europe

Early 1918 large numbers of
American troops arrive

November 1918 Germany
surrenders & World War I ends



John J. Pershing
While watching the clip, write down 3 things
that come to mind about warfare during WWI.
Think about how this compares to other wars
we have talked about in the past.


http://www.military.com/video/operations-
and-strategy/first-world-war/intense-battle-
footage-from-wwi/2859621538001/
American troops
called doughboys
One of Americas greatest war heroes
was Alvin York of Tennessee earned a
Congressional Medal of Honor
"I was worried
clean through.
I didn't want to
go and kill. I
believed in my
bible."
Trench war- Soldiers would stay in trenches for
days. Soldiers were usually buried where they fell.
The stench of the dead bodies now is awful as they have been exposed to
the sun for several days, many have swollen and burst. The trench is full of
other occupants, things with lots of legs, also swarms of rats. (1) Sergeant
A. Vine, diary entry (8th August, 1915)



This was an infection of the feet caused by cold,
wet and unsanitary conditions. In the trenches men
stood for hours on end in waterlogged trenches.
Only treatments was to apply whale-oil and dry the
feet as often as possible.

Trench War- Each side had its own trench. The
space between was known as no-mans land
Aerial view of
opposing trench
lines between
Loos and Hulluch,
July 1917. German
trenches at the
right and bottom,
British at the top-
left.
Gases could kill,
blind, or burn
their victims
Planes were used for
reconnaissance,
bombing, and
fighting
Machine Guns- Could fire 450 rounds a min.
Grenades- Could be thrown into trenches
Chlorine Gas & other chemicals- During first
attacks many soldiers didnt know they were being
poisoned.
Tanks- Early tanks moved slow and didnt have
powerful guns.
Airplanes- Used for reconnaissance in early
stages, later added machine guns.
British Howitzer
Early Tank
Red Baron
Machine Gun
British tank crossing a trench Plane used in WWI
U.S. Submarines
USS South Carolina
Both sides tried to develop
vehicles that could go over
the rough ground and
barbed-wire barricades of
no mans land, with limited
success
War comes to an end with in Nov. 1918 when an
armistice (cease fire) is finally ordered by the Allies
The Allies won the war in
1918 & began settling for
peace

The Big Four
Leaders from the U.S., Britain,
France, and Italy
They lead meetings which will
decide the fate of Post-War
Europe

Fourteen Points - Wilsons list of terms for
resolving WWI and future wars

Wilson presented his plan for peace, called the Fourteen
Points to Congress
-In the first 5 points he wanted all countries to have:
1. free trade
2. freedom of the seas
3. disarmament
4. open diplomacy
5. adjustments of colonial claims



The next 8 points dealt with self-determination
Many countries viewed the Fourteen Points as being too lenient on
Germany

The final point called for the creation of the League of Nations, an
organization which would help settle disagreements between
member countries.

Wilson worked hard to get as many as possible of his
Fourteen Points included in the treaty and succeeded
in securing the creation of the League of Nations.





Americans opposition to the League of
Nations led the Senate to refuse to ratify the
treaty.


Isolationists in the Senate believed that by
joining the League the United States would
become involved in future conflicts in Europe
and elsewhere..
Wilsons League of Nations was voted down by the U.S.
Congress in 1920.
Many Congressmen worried that it made the U.S. too
involved in European affairs

Other Allied leaders did not agree with Wilsons
Fourteen Points.
Treaty of Versailles: punished Germany for starting the war

Germany had to make reparations
open diplomacy was not addressed
failed to guarantee freedom of seas & free trade
Middle East, Asia, and Africa were not allowed
to practice self-determination
League of Nations was created as part of the
treaty

Senates issues with the Treaty of Versailles:
concerned about the League of Nations
afraid the treaty could lead the U.S. into a
war without the consent of Congress

The United States did NOT ratify the treaty to
join the League of Nations.

U.S. foreign policy after rejecting the treaty
isolationism
Group # Students Name Students Name
1 Sama Alexia
2 Robert Laye
3 Emily Vy
4 Scherlley Monica
5 Rosa Ryan
6 Amber Kyndle
7 Tyra Macarena
8 Kayla Janayjha
9 Lanyah Rasheed
10 Spencer Devario
11 Nayely Hastasia
12 Sabir Berthonn
13 Geoffrey Bree
You are not a student today! You are Wilson
or the European countries.

You want to choose the best terms for the
country you representkeep in the mind the
following when picking the top 6 terms for
your treaty:
Ensure World Peace!!
Protecting the interest of the leader or leaders
that you represent!!