UNIT TEST REVIEW 2

The Revolutionary War

1. What was the first battle of the American Revolution? What
colony did this occur in?
Lexington and Concord was the first battle of the American Revolution, and took
place in Massachusetts.

2. What was the British Army searching for in the towns and
villages that were the setting of the first battle
The Redcoats were looking for the militia leaders Samuel Adams and John Hancock,
as well as weapons and munitions.

3. What man alerted the militia of the towns and villages that
participated in the first battle of the approaching Redcoats
Paul Revere road ahead of the British army, warning Concord and Lexington that the
Redcoats were coming.

4. Define Militia.
A non-professional local fighting force

5. Define Redcoat
A derogatory name for British soldiers, after their bright red uniforms

6. Define minuteman
The name for the American militia, who were ready for battle in minutes

7. What meeting was held after the first battle of the

Revolution in order to discuss what the colonies next move
would be?
The 2nd Continental Congress meet after the Battle of Lexington and Concord.

8. What name was given to the Army that represented the

Patriot cause in the American Revolution? Who was
appointed as Commander-in-Chief of this Army?
George Washington was named Commander-in-Chief of the Americans Continental
Army.

9. Define Guerilla warfare.

Military tactics that allow a smaller force to take advantage of a larger military force.
Includes hit-and-runs, ambush, and sabotage.

10.
What battle is considered the turning point of the
Revolutionary War? What result from this battle caused it to
be known as the Wars turning point?
Saratoga is considered the turning point of the revolution. It lead to French
military support and the Governor of Spain sharing supplies with the patriots.

11.
Who was the French military leader that became a
major general in the Continental Army and one of George
Washingtons closest aides?
The Marquis de Lafayette was a major general for the patriots in the
Revolutionary war

12.
Who was the King of England during the Revolutionary
War?
King George III was King of England during the Revolutionary War.

13.
Explain the significance of the Continental Armys
Winter at Valley Forge?
While camping at Valley Forge the Continental Army suffered terrible losses
because of the harsh conditions and spread of disease, but they also received
excellent military training from Baron von Stuben.

14.
Who was the European military expert that helped train
the Continental soldiers at Valley Forge?
Baron von Stuben was the former Prussian military leader who trained the
Continental army at Valley Forge.

15.
Who was the English general that surrendered to
George Washington in the final battle of the War?
General Cornwallis was the English general who surrendered to George
Washington at the Battle of Yorktown.

16.

What was the final battle of the War?

Yorktown was the final important battle of the Revolutionary war.

17.
What geographic feature gave the American and French
armies an advantage over the British at final battle of the
war?
The Americans were able to trap the British on a Peninsula.

18.
What document officially ended the Revolutionary War
and gave the United States its independence?
The Treaty of Paris officially ended the war, several years after the final decisive
battle of Yorktown.

19.
Other than independence, what else did this document
grant to the United States?
It gave them the territory to the west of the 13 Original Colonies, and ensured that
the debts owed to either side would be paid.

20.
What document served as the foundation for the first
government of the United States and is considered the first
constitution of the United state?
The Articles of Confederation was the first constitution of the states.

21.
Why did the writers of this document give more power
to the individual state governments than they did to the
national government?
The Articles of Confederation gave more power to the individual state governments
because they wanted a weak federal government. After they got rid of the incredibly
strong central government of the British Monarchy, they wanted to avoid anything
similar to it.

22.
Name five ways this document kept the national
government weak.
a. It did not allow the central government to raise an army
b. It did not allow the central government to punish or control states
c. It did not allow the central government to raise taxes
d. Each state could print its own money
e. It Could not regulate trade.
23.
Which law was written to organize the new lands
granted to the United states after the Revolutionary War and
also set up a process for new states to enter the Union?
The Northwest Ordinance created an organized way for new states to enter the
Union.

24.

List three requirements for statehood under this law.

Had to have 60,000 people

Explain the significance of each of the following people:

Abigail AdamsThe wife of John Adams, she is famous for telling him to Remember the Ladies

John AdamsAn early supporter of Independence

Wentworth Cheswell:
African American leader at the Battle of Saratoga. He later became the first black elected
official in the U.S.

Samuel Adams:
The leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty.

Mercy Otis Warren:

A member of the Committee of Correspondence, she was an early supporter of womens
rights.

James Armistead:
African American spy in George Washingtons spy network during the American Revolution.

Benjamin Franklin:
Creator of the Alban Plan of Union (join or die) he was also the American Ambassador to
France and was the main reason they became Americas ally during the war.

Bernardo de Galvez:
The Spanish Governor of Louisiana who supported the Americans with supplies after the
Battle of Saratoga.

Crispus Attucks:
An escaped slave, he was the first person to die for the cause of American independence at
the Boston Massacre.

Haym Salomon:
A member of the Boston Sons of Liberty, he supported the early independence movement
with his wealth.

Patrick Henry:
An early Patriot, he is famous for saying Give me liberty, or give me death!

John Paul Jones:

The father of the American Navy, his is famous for saying I have not yet begun to fight!