Testing hyperspectral endmember

identification using stochastic

spectral mixing simulations
F. Cceres, M. Grgoire and E. Pirard

Previous Approaches
Plaza et al, 2002
Soil

Building
Soil

Road

Vegetation

Previous Approaches
Plaza et al, 2004

Soil

Soil

Evergreen Forest

Evergreen Forest

Previous Approaches
Plaza et al, 2004 & 2006
Shade
Muscovite
Soil
Alunita

Dry Grass
Calcite

Evergreen Forest

Buddingtonite

Chaparral Vegetation
Kaolinite

Previous Approaches
Nacimiento & Bioucas Dias (2005)

Carnallite

Biotite

Ammonioalunite

Previous Approaches
Montmorillonite

Kaolinite

Alunite
Quartz

Van der Meer, 2006

Granssland
Bare soil

Van der Werff & Lucieer, 2004

Material
http://www.asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/speclib

Sequential Gaussian Simulation

Deutsch & Journel (1998)
Dolomite

Limestone

Strata ID
Dominant lithology

Siltstone

Claystone

DO

LI

SI

CL

75%

50%

60%

50%

10%

15%

20%

15%

LI

SI

CL

SI

Nugget effect C0

0.005

0.02

0.005

Range a [pixels]

10

15

10

Complementary lithology

Sequential Gaussian Simulation

Ri , j P

DO
i, j

RDO 1 P

DO
i, j

Patterns

LI

Ni , j

Sequential Gaussian Simulation

75%DO 10%
25%LI 10%

50%LI 15%

50%SI 15%

60%SI 20%
40%CL 20%

50%CL 15%
50%SI 15%

Unmixing
Endmember
detection

Unmixing

Validation

- Pixel purity index (PPI; Boardman, et al. 1995)

- Automated morphological endmember extraction
(AMEE; Plaza, et al. 2002)
- N-FINDR (Winter, 1999)

- Vertex component analysis (VCA; Nacimiento and

Bioucas Dias, 2005)
- Sequential maximum angle convex cone (SMACC;
Gruninger, et al. 2004)

Unmixing

Image
MNF
PPI

Image

n-D

MNF

ID

Map Distribution
and Abundance

N-FINDR

Image
SVD

ID

Map Distribution
and Abundance

VCA

ID

Map Distribution
and Abundance

Unmixing
Image
AMGS
VCA

ID

Image

AMME

Map Distribution
and Abundance
ID

Map Distribution
and Abundance

Results

SAM
Limestone

Dolomite

0,144705

0,130897

0,343626

0,210225

0,243455

Dolomite

0,0002879

0,171324

0,265467

0,269032

0,329152

Shale

0,0000157 0,0004385

0,284138

0,238958

0,285643

Silstone

0,0000687 0,0000752

0,0001501

0,422473

0,503341

Decidous

0,0006024 0,0000571

0,0008136

0,000264

0,098910

Grass

0,0002568 0,0000009

0,0003998

0,000060

0,000072

Limestone

SID

Shale

Silstone

Decidous

Grass

Results

Results

Limestone

Dolomite

Silstone

Claystone

Decidous

Grass

Total

AMEE

nd

0.323863

0.083251

nd

0.049928

0.048982

PPI

nd

0.031047

0.079139

nd

nd

nd

NFINDR

nd

0.031227

0.053866

nd

0.049928

0.048982

SMACC

nd

0.027389

0.052616

nd

0.049928

0.048982

VCA

nd

0.027390

0.052615

nd

0.049930

0.048980

Results

Results

AMEE

0,297748

PPI

0,000639

0,002855

0,000330

NFINDR

0,000510

0,006231

0,024943

SMACC

0,004347

0,012572

0,026193

VCA

0,004346

0,012574

0,026194

0,004634

Vegetation

Total

0,000004

9
8

0,005574

0,006433

0,000073

0,000073

0,000077

Conclusions

-Posible de utilizar este tipo de simulaciones para volver

las imagenes mas reales
-Control total de toda la cadena al momento de valorar
nuevos algoritmos.
-Creacion de imagenes muy mezcladas (como en la
naturaleza.
-Creacion de nuevas imagenes con polos mas puros.
-Utilizacion de variogramas direccionales