Ashley Workman

November 20, 2014

Project Part 4
The purpose of a confidence interval is to give us a range of values for our estimated population
parameter. The estimated confidence interval gives us a range of values, with varying degrees
of confidence, which the true population value falls.
Confidence Interval Estimates
Construct a 99% confidence interval estimate for the true proportion of yellow candies using the class
data as the sample.
n=1867

x=387 alpha=.01

p-hat=0.207

q-hat=.793

pE=z(sub alpha/2)p-hat(q-hat)/n
pE=2.575.207(.793)/1867 = p.024 (.183,.231)
With a 99% confidence interval, the true proportion of yellow candies is between .183 and .231.
The single bag of Skittles that I purchased was unusual for the number of yellow candies it had. The
percent of yellow candies in my bag was .0678 which is not unusual because it is greater than 5%.

Construct a 95% confidence interval estimate for the true mean number of candies per bag using the
class data as the sample.
x-bar=60.2

alpha=.05

s=3.13

n=31

df=30

x-barE=t(sub alpha/2)(s/n)
60.21.96(3.17/31) = 60.21.12 = (59.052,61.348)
With a 95% confidence interval the true mean number of candies per bag is between 59.161 and 61.484.
The single bad of Skittles that I purchased was slightly unusual because I have 59 totals candies and the
value should be between 59.161 and 61.484. I would like to classify it was usual because its close to the
lowest value.

Construct a 98% confidence interval estimate for the standard deviation of the number of candies per
bag.
n=31

s=3.17 alpha=.02

(n-1)s/XR < alpha < (n-1)s/XL

(30)3.17/50.892 < alpha < (30)3.17/14.945 = (2.43,4.49)
With a 98% confidence interval the standard deviation of the number of candies per bag is between
2/43 and 4.49.

This sample is like a cluster sample because we selected bags and counted all candies to get a sample of
n=1867 except the bags were not randomly selected by the students. Students went to the store and
purchased the first bag of Skittles they found. The requirement was not met. This sample is binomial
because it has a fixed number of trials, and they are independent with two possible outcomes and
probability of success if constant. Another requirement is that the sample must have 5 success and at
least 5 failures and this sample does. This sample is normally distributed because the sample size is
greater than 30.

Hypothesis Tests
The purpose of hypothesis testing is to determine whether there is enough statistical evidence in favor
of a certain belief, or hypothesis, about a parameter.
Use a .05 significance level to test the claim that 20% of all Skittles are red.
H0: p=.20
H1: p.20 claim
n=1867

x=344

p-hat=.184

p=.20

q=hat=.816

z=p-hat-pat/p(1-p)/n
z=.184-.2/.2(.8)/1867 = -1.73
P-value: .0418(2) = .0836
Table: 1.73
Fail to reject H) because the p-value is greater than alpha.
There is insufficient evidence to reject the claim that the true proportion of red skittles is 20%.
Use a .01 significance level to test the claim that the mean number of candies per bag is 55.
t=x-bar-mu/s/n
x-bar=60.2

s=3.13

n=31

mu=55

t=60.2-55/3.13/31 = 9.25
H0: mu=55 CLAIM
H1: mu not equal to 55
P-value is less than .01
Critical Value = 2.750
Reject H0
There is sufficient evidence to reject the claim that the mean number of candies per bag is 55.
Discussion: There could be two types of errors that could have been made with this test.

Type 1 Error: To conclude that he true mean of candies per bag is not equal to 55 when it really equals
55.
Type 2 Error: Is to conclude that the true mean of the candies per bag is equal to 55 when it is really not
equal to 55.
1867(.2)=373.4
1867(.8)=1493.6 This requirement was met.