Prepared

By
Md. Sumon Miah
Lecturer
Department of Textile Engineering

To produce garment we need fabrics and accessories. To

produce fabric we need yarn and to produce yarn need fiber. To
finishes the fabric dyeing, printing, finishing industry is
required. We know that 80% of export earnings is spent to
impart raw materials. If we want to increase the retention
money, we must have to increase backward linkage industry
like export oriented spinning mill, weaving and knitting mill,
dyeing, printing and finishing mills. Beside those factories we
also need to develop communication, banking and customs.
To survive in near future, we must have to minimize cost and
improve quality of garments which is a great task for the
garments sector of Bangladesh.

Re- stitching over a very short length to give and

increase the area a high load bearing strength. For
instance belt loops and each corner of pocket are bar
tacked.

The garments which are not used further after using

ones i.e. the garments which are thrown after using
ones are called disposable garments.

Approximately 1cm or small stitch backward at the

beginning and finishing of sewing and thus securing
of the sewn end so that the thread could not be loosed
easily.

It is a special type of stitch that can not seen from the

face side of the fabric but can easily seen from the
back side.

The addition as extra to the exact measurement of the

body with which a garment is made out.

Sample: The garment which is need for bulk

production is called sample garments.
Approved sample: According to specification sheet
the sample which is approved by buyer is called
approved sample.
Counter sample: The sample which is followed by
approved sample is called counter sample. . For
smooth production it is necessary.

Pattern: It is a hard paper which is made by following

each individual component for a particular style of
garments.
Basic Block/ Block pattern: The pattern which is made
in accordance with the area of different part of human
body and their flexes and folds without allowance and
style.
Working/ garment pattern: To make pattern for a
particular style with net dimension.

Production pattern: To make pattern for a particular

style with net dimension along with allowance.

Pattern Grading: When different sizes of pattern

are made from the master pattern is called grading.
Grain line: Normally pattern pieces carry a line is
called grain line. The direction of warp in case of
woven fabric and the direction of Wales in case of
knitted fabric are also called grain line.

It stands for letter of credit. It is a commitment or

security letter by an opening bank on behalf of the
importer in favor of exporter the bills must be paid
after the shipment of specified items & quality of
goods.

Master L/C: When L/C is opened to import the

goods from exporter to the buyer is called master
L/C.

Back to back L/C: when L/C is opened for import

the raw materials from abroad then produce and
supply to the abroad is back to back L/C. This type of
goods cannot be sold in local market.

After sending the goods to the importer country the

documents mentioning the price is send to the buyer
for collecting price is called invoice.

Quota: A certain amount of goods which are allowed

to be exported could be fixed by the importer country
to the exporter country.
Category: For importing or exporting the garments a
specific garments are indicated or expressed by a
number is called category number or category. In
Sweden, category number is called group. For
example category 39 = T-shirt, suit shirt; 41 = Rain
wear.
Non-Quota: The category or items on which are not
applied on limitation or condition for exporting, these
are called non quota.

There are three processes for fixation of export prices which are
as under-

I) FOB (Free on boat): If the price of goods is mentioned in invoice

without other costs (transportation cost, Insurance cost) is called
FOB.
II) C & F(Cost and freight): If the price of goods is mentioned in
invoice with including transportation cost is called C & F.
III) C.I.F (Cost Insurance and freight): If the price of goods is
mentioned in invoice with including transportation , insurance
cost is called C.I.F