Delta T Heat Exchangers

Hairpin Exchangers

Hairpin heat exchangers utilize true counter-current flow, which maximizes the temperature
differences between the shellside and the tubeside fluids, unlike the multi-pass Shell and
Tube designs where correction factors are used to account for the inefficiencies resulting
from co-current passes.
When your process calls for a temperature cross (when the hot fluid outlet temperature is
below the cold fluid outlet temperature), a hairpin heat exchanger is the most efficient
design and will result in fewer sections and less surface area.
Double-pipe heat exchangers use a single pipe within a pipe design and are commonly
used for high fouling services such as slurries, where abrasive materials are present, and
for smaller duties. Standard shell diameters range from 2 to 6.
Multi-tube heat exchangers are used for larger duties with standard designs established for
shell diameters up to 30; with surface area in excess of 10,000 ft per section.
Koch Heat Transfer (formerly Brown Fintube) has avariety of unique enhancement devices
for different process conditions.
When to use Hairpin Heat Exchangers
A hairpin heat exchanger should be considered when one or more of the following
conditions exist:
The process results in a temperature cross
High pressure tubeside application
A low allowable pressure drop is required on one side
Cyclic service
High flow rate ratios between shellside and tubeside fluids
High terminal temperature differences (300F or greater)
When an augmentation device will enhance the heat transfer
coefficient
When the exchanger is subject to thermal shock
When flow induced vibration may be a problem
When heating or cooling vapours
When complete vaporization is required
When solids are present in the process stream

When the mechanical advantages of a hairpin are preferred