.

.

Tecplot
. fluent
ansys .

.

.
.

.

41



.
.


) (1 .

42

1
5 ) (1 .

1
5

2000

960

840

1470

1000

840

1120

1300

45

1330

) ( Kg / m 3
j
)
( Cv
Kg .K

1/3

0/51

0/75

0/03

0/79

W
)
m.K

(k


X , Y .
x ,y ( X = Y ) .

. ) ( t 5 sec.
x,y 30 .
.

. ) (2 .

43

2

( :
)(1

= TI wall 1

I wall

=0T

wall

T
)
n

(=0

wall

( :
) ( I=1 T1 T2
) ( I=2
) ( .
)(2
q
= h A T
I wall 1

convection

T1 T2 3 :

)(3

1
XM

XM

) ( T

[D

XM

T
)
XL

= D

XL = 1, XM = 6, D1 = 1.5, D2 = 1.23, P = 0.25, Q = 1 / 3 :

hc .

:
)(4

T + T2
Ti ,( jp =1) = 1

q s = 0 .

1
( ) [1,2] ( Explicit
:
44
)(5

2T 2T 1 T
= 2 + 2
y t
x

1 ) (i,j :
Ti1, j 2Ti, j p + Ti+1, j p Ti, j 1 p 2Ti, j p + Ti, j +1 p

=
+
2
2

x
y

)(6

Ti, j

p+1

Ti, j

p . ) (6
) ( p+1 ) (p )
( :
)(7

Ti1, j p 2Ti, j p +Ti+1, j p Ti, j1p 2Ti, j p +Ti, j+1p

+Ti, j p
= t
+
2
2

x
y

p+1

Ti, j

2 )(i,j :
) (3 ) (i,j ) (i-1,j T1
:
Ti +p j Ti ,pj
k x p
x y p +1
(Ti , j Ti ,pj ) = 2 hc y (Ti ,pj Ti p1, j ) + 2 ky ( 1,
)+
) (Ti , j 1 2Ti ,pj + Ti ,pj +1
y
t
x

 3 :

) (8 Ti ,pj+1 .
. ) (9 .

( ) [3,4,6] (Crank Nickolson

) (5 :

45

1 ) (i,j :
)(9

p
p
p
T i 1 , j p 2 T i , j p + T i + 1 , j p
T i , j 1 2 T i , j + T i , j + 1

+
2
2

y
x

Ti, j

p +1

Ti, j

T i 1 , j p + 1 2 T i , j p + 1 + T i + 1, j p +1 T i , j 1 p + 1 2 T i , j p + 1 + T i , j + 1 p + 1

x 2
y 2

) Ti +p1+,1j Ti ,pj+11 Ti ,pj++11 ( Ti p1+,1j
) (5
.
2 ) (i,j :
)(10
.
)(10

Ti,pj+1 Ti p1, j
xy p+1 p
((Ti, j Ti, j ) = 2hcy
Ti p1, j ) +
2
t
Ti +p1+,1j Ti,pj+1 + Ti +p1, j Ti,pj kx p+1
)+
)(Ti, j 1 2Ti,pj+1 + Ti,pj++11 + Ti,pj 1 2Ti,pj + Ti,pj +1
(ky
2y
x


) ( Ti +p1+,1j Ti ,pj+11 Ti ,pj++11 ) (4
.

( )[5,7] ( Implicit
) (5 :
1 ) (i,j :
)(11
Ti 1, j p +1 2Ti , j p +1 + Ti +1, j p +1 Ti , j 1 p +1 2Ti , j p +1 + Ti , j +1 p +1

=
+
2
2

x
y

Ti , j

p +1

Ti , j

46

) Ti +p1+,1j Ti ,pj+11 Ti ,pj++11 ( Ti p1+,1j ) (5

.
2 )(i,j :
) (3 :

Ti+p1+,1j Ti,pj+1
xy p+1
((Ti, j Ti,pj ) = 2hc y(Ti,pj+1 Tip1, j ) + 2ky
)
t
x
kx p+1
+
) (Ti, j1 2Ti,pj+1 + Ti,pj++11
y

)(12

) ( Ti +p1+,1j Ti ,pj+11 Ti ,pj++11 ) (4
.
) (10 .

2 ][8
.
)(13

{q} = [D ]{L}T

)(14

T
T
c
&&+ {V } {L}T + {L} {q} = &q
t

 Kxx,Kyy,Kzz .
:
)(15

T
T
&&+ {V } {L}T + {L} ([D ]{L}T ) = &q
c
t

) (15 :
)(16

T
T
T
T
T T T
+ Kz
= &q&& + K x
c + Vx
+ Vz
+ Vy

+ Ky
y z
z
x
y
z
x
x y
t

2 :

) {q}T {} = h f (TS TB

)(17
)(18

) { }T [D ]{L}T = h f (TB T
47

)(19

T
T
cT
+ {V } {L}T + {L} (T )([D ]{L}T )d (vol ) = Tq * d (S 2 ) +
S2
t

) Th f (TB T )d (S 3 ) + T&q&&d (vol

vol

vol

S3

3 ][9

x,y Upwind
Upwind .
SIMPLE .
:
1
(

.
.
. .

 200000 .
) (4.

4 ) (Explicit
48(

.
. .
1000 .
) (5.

5
)(Crank Nickolson

(

.
. .
1000 .
) (6 .

49

6 )( Implicit

Standard
First
Order
Upwind
SIMPLE
First
Order
Upwind

Pressure
Momentum
Pressure-Velocity
Coupling
Energy

x,y 300 . ) (7
. .
.
.

 7
3

. ) (8

50


.


.
.

.
.
.


.
:

xyz

)K(xx,yy,zz

}{q

T
t

CV

{L } =

...

hc
hf
B
S

T
T

VOL
T
VX

{V} =VY
VZ

51

52

9 explicit

10 Implicit


1- Anderson, D. A., Tannehill, J. C. and Pletcher, R. H. Computational Fluid Mechanics and
Heat Transfer, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Taylor & Francis Group, New York,
(1984).
2- Patankar, S.V., Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Hemisphere, New York (1980).
3- Kreyszig, E., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York
(1962).
4- Vesteeg, Henk karle, 'An introduction to computational fluid dynamics: the finite
volumemethod,chenc,u.s,1955.
5- Abbott , M. B .and Basco , B. R. Computational Fluids Dynamics-An Introduction for
Engineers, Longman Scientific & Technical, Harlow, UK. (1989).
6- Crank, J. and Nicolson , P. A Practical Method for Numerical Evaluation of Solutions of
Partial Differential Equations of the Heat-conduction Type, Proc Cambridge Phi. Soc.,
Vol.43, pp.50-67, 1947.
7- Fletcher, C. A. J. Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics, Volume I and II, Springer Verlag, Berlin (1991).
8- ANSYS Theory Manual Heat Flow Version 8, ANSYS, Inc., Southpointe, 275 Technology
Drive, Canonsburg, PA 15317, USA (2003).
9- FLUENT User's Manual Version 6.01, Fluent Europe Ltd, Sheffield, UK, (2002).

53