（中文）第12册

CIP
/ . .
2007.9
ISBN 978-7-81029-814-8
.
.
.
. H195
/ 0086-10-68320122
/ 0086-20-87206866
/
/ 0086-20-85221583
1997 6 1
2007 9 2 2007 9 9
787mm1092mm
1/16
10.375
1996
48
1224 AB1220002003

http//www.chinaqw.comhttp
//hwy.jnu.edu.cn

1997

5248 1
2 1

1996

2001
1988
14
12314
116
7
12
12
112
5
145
16
14
5

1997

1986

12
Preface
Zhongwen (Mandarin Chinese Language) course materials of trial edition were

written for overseas Chinese and their children in 1996 by College of Chinese
Language and Culture, Jinan University, under the commission of Overseas Chinese
Affairs Office of the State Council of Peoples Republic of China. The entire course
materials consist of 48 books, including 12 text books, 24 exercise books (book A and
book B), and 12 teacher s reference books. Between 2000 and 2003,entrusted by
Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council of Peoples Republic of China, we
developed teacher s Zhongwen VCD and online edition Chinese Online (see www.
chinaqw.com or http//hwy.jnu.edu.cn ), and arranged a traditional Chinese character
edition. All these products have gained a wide popularity among Chinese language
teachers, students and their parents abroad.
This revision of Zhongwen materials was authorized by Overseas Chinese Affairs
Office of the State Council of P. R. China to College of Chinese Language and Culture ,
Jinan University. This revised edition reflects actual needs and characteristics of
overseas Chinese language education and takes in constructive advice from many sides
and research findings on language teaching and textbook studies. The new edition of
Zhongwen is now a collection of 52 books, with additional four books-one Study
Pinyin textbook, two Study Pinyin exercise books and one Study Pinyin teacher s
reference book-to the original 48 books.
The instructional goal of Zhongwen is to enable students to acquire basic listening,
speaking, reading and writing capabilities of Putonghua (Mandarin Chinese) through a
process of learning and training, to expose students to Chinese culture and lay a solid
ground for their further study of Chinese language and culture.
The revision was carried out under the guidelines of Standard of Chinese
Language Level and General Outline of Chinese Grammar (1996) issued by
Department of Testing Affairs of China National Office for Teaching Chinese as a
Foreign Language (NOCFL), General Outline of Chinese Language Level of
Glossaries and Characters (2001) issued by China National Committee for Chinese
12
Proficiency Test (HSK), and List of Frequently Used Characters in Modern Chinese
(1988) issued jointly by State Language Commission and Ministry of Education of
China. Based on all above, an effort has been made at enhancing learning experience
and development with a careful choice of characters, words, sentences, and texts. The
homework exercise has been modified and arranged in order of increasing difficulties
and advancement. These improvements are expected to be of enormous benefits to both
teachers and students alike, in improving their Chinese language skills, raising their
learning motivation, stimulating their active thinking and increasing their overall
proficiency in the use of Chinese language. Meanwhile, extensive research was made in
the existing Chinese textbooks that are used overseas which provided much helpful
experience to the revision. The revised edition closely integrates instruction and
practice, learning and application. Creative innovations have been incorporated in the
course content, general arrangements, page design, question format and instructional
concepts.
The following is a summary of major changes including reorganization, deletion and
addition of new materials in the revised edition:
1. In light of the shorter term or semester in overseas Chinese schools, the number
of lessons in each book has been reduced from 14 to 12, with a moderate simplification
of the texts. The 12 lessons are now subdivided into four units of three lessons each,
which are followed by a comprehensive exercise. In addition, each book includes a
general exercise. Every text book is attached an alphabetic vocabulary which contains
all the new words in the texts of the book, including singlesyllables and multisyllables.
Each new word is marked with serial number of the text where it belongs.
2. Lessons one to six of Book 1 are designed for character learning. The main texts
are followed by a list of new Chinese characters without words or sentences. Beginning
with Lesson seven in Book 1, the main texts are followed by a list of disyllabic and
multisyllabic words and sentences, in contrast to the monosyllabic words found in the
previous lessons. Some of the main texts are also followed by a list of proper names,
such as names of people, places and countries.
3. For teaching convenience, a Study Pinyin course book and two Study Pinyin
exercise books are included in the revised edition. Therefore, instructional materials for
pinyin are removed from the 12 textbooks. However, exercises on pinyin are included
from exercise book 5 to above.
12
4. Pinyin annotations are provided to all the main texts and reading materials in
textbooks one to four. Beginning with Book Five, the application is limited to only new
characters. In general, the annotations are applied character by character, except in the list
of words or expressions and proper names following the main texts, where they are applied
word by word. The characters are normally annotated in their original tone, with the
exception of the neutral tones. Characters generally of light pronunciation, are annotated
with tones when they are stressed.
The characters (y) and (b) are annotated in their actual tones
according to the context.
5. In retroflex finals, where the retroflex is unnecessary in written Chinese, the
character or word is not presented in its retroflexed form; and where the retroflex is
necessary, the characteris attached, e.g., ,.
6. English translation or explanation is provided for titles of texts and exercises in
Book 1 to Book 6. Proper names are attached with their English equivalents.
7. New strokes or radicals are listed with new characters, with the exception of lessons
for character learning where only strokes are listed, but not radicals. In the classroom
exercise of Learn to write in textbooks one to four, new radicals, components and
characters are presented with their stroke order, and writing directions are noted in red
arrows. In textbooks five and above, new characters in the classroom exercises are not
presented with their stroke order. The stroke order is based on Stroke Order Regulation of
Frequently Used Characters in Modern Chinese , which was issued by the State Language
Commission and the General Administration of Press and Publication of P. R. C. in 1997.
8. For the convenience of teaching and self instruction, lists of new characters, words
and some proper names are added to the reading comprehensions. Their references and
resources are also added to the teachers reference books accordingly.
9. To meet the need of certain students for traditional Chinese characters, the main
text book is attached with a comparative list of new characters in simplified and traditional
forms arranged in alphabetical order, and each new word is marked with serial number of
the text where it belongs. In Book 2 and above, the alphabetical vocabulary list is
accumulative with new words of the previous text books. The traditional characters are
based on the 1986 version of General List of Traditional Chinese Characters issued by
the State Language Commission. Since variant characters listed in Appendix 1 to General
List of Traditional Chinese Characters are no longer used officially, they are no longer
12
included as traditional characters or variant characters in this edition. The traditional

characters also supplement the revised teachers reference books accordingly.
10. Practice in communicative functions in Chinese is further enhanced in the
revised edition to improve the communication skills of the students.
We are greatly indebted to Chinese linguists, experts in Chinese language teaching,
overseas Chinese teachers, and researchers of Chinese language that have all generously
provided us very useful advice and suggestions in the revision of this course.
Finally, given the magnitude of this project and the time constraint, it is possible
that certain omissions or errors may be observed. However, we will be very open to any
suggestions and advice from experts, researchers, teachers, students and their parents
on further improvement.
Chief Compiler Jia Yimin

July 20, 2007
12
Contents
1
7
11
17
20
27
29
33
40
42
60
48
51
57
65
72
75
83
85
92
95
12
Contents
10.
99
105
11.
12.
107
113
115
123
125
129
133
136
138
12
140
142
144
146
148
150
152
154
156
158
12
12

du
su
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12
12
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12
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11
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12
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yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

Alphabetic Vocabulary 1
Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters
A
7
b
bi
bi
bi
B 1 9 6 1 11
co ch
chn
ch chun chn
C 6
4 12 5
8
6
d
di
do
de
din
dn
dn
du
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11 5
5
r
E 10 2 1
fn
fn
F 11
5
o
G 8 10
ho
hi
hn
hu
hu
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10 10
6
j
ji
jin
ji
hun
hu
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1
8
ki
kn
ku
K
10 2
8
li
ln
lo
le
li
7 8 4 1
4
6
6
m
mo
mn
men
min
M 9
12 10
11 3 2
6
8
ni
N 9
q
nn
no
nio
qi
rn
rn
R 12 2 11 3 4
sn
ni
11 12 8 10
6
6
qin
Q 1 10 5 4
r
nin
shn shn sho shn shn
sh
sh
sh
S 1 3 4 2 12 7
1 3
7
shu
1
8
12
138
sh
shu
shu
7 2
ti
tin tin
tn
tu
10 11 12 5 3 7
3
2
wi
wn
W 10 7 7 1
xin
xio
xio
xn
xn
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12
5
8
7
yn
Y 6
yu
yn
xi
yu
yu
11
1 12 9 4
9
yn
3
5
zo
xi
zh
zhn zhn zh
zu
zu
xu
y
5
6
xu
yun
10
zu
Z 8
8 4 12 4 2 4 4
9
139
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

bn
bo
bo
bn
bi
B 10 12 5
2
6 2
7
2
chn
chn cn
C 11 5 11
dn
de
D 5 8
E
6
f
de
din
12
8
9
1
4
fn
fn
dn
du
fi
F 10 6 3
9
o
du
n n
G 3 5 1
8 7 12 11 10
5
un
un u
9 11 5
4
hi
hi
H
4
6
hu
hu
hi
hn
12
hn
9
1
hun
hu
8 9
hu
11
12
1
1
6
j
ji
jin
jin
jin
jin
jio
J
12 6 7 11
1
4
2
jio
jio
ji
jn
ju
11 2 5 3 5
8
k
ko
kui
K 5 7 6 12
l
lin
lin
li
L 12 )
8 9 12
2
7
m
mi
me
mi mio
mn
4 10 11
2
5
8
n
no
N 8 2
7
pn
P 3
q
qn
qn
Q 3 4 11
4
12
140
mn
8 11
shi
shn
sh
sh
sh
sh
shu
sh
sh
S
8
6 6 2 6
10
3
9
2
shun
7
t
3
5
tio
su
tn
T 11 2 11
3
wn wn
wi
wn
W 5
3 12 12
7
8
3
x
xin xi
xi
xn
X 6 1
9
3
4
1
4
y
yn
yo
yn
yn
xn
yu
3
yu
yu
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yun
8
zi
zi
zhn
zhn
Z 1 4
5
zu
zu
zu
zu
zhe
zhn
11 10
9
zhn
10 2 1
11 5 7 4
141
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

bo
bi
bin
bin
bin
bn
B 9
12 4
9
2
4
5
3 9 10
C 4 4
8 5 2 8
7
6
7
4
ci
d
ci
di
cn
chn
di
chn chn ch chn chun
do
dn
dn
chun
din dio
D 9 9
1 10
2 7 1 10 2 11
3
1
dio dn
du
5
4
4
fn
fn
F
4 2
2
i
ui
3 12 12 7 6 2 8 10
8
9
6
hn
hu
hu
hun
hu
H 12 5
12 10
8
3
2
j
11
8
jn
ji
ju
jio
jio
ji
ji
7 3
9
7
k
kun
K 8 12
2
1
l
ln
lo
ln
lin lin
lu
L 1 12
5 12 6 3
4
7
mn
mn
mn mo mo
mi
M
10 1 6 3 1 4
6
n
ne
N 2 2
p
po
nn
11
p
nn
12
pin pin
pio
qin qin
Q 12 8
5 7
8
2
rn
rn
rn
R 10
10
8
10 5 9 9 12
9
5
q
12
142
jn
jn
1
1 11 11 4
5
S
T
si
sho
shn
sh
sh
sh
shu shu
12 10
12
3
7 5
3
7
8
tn
tin
tio
tn
tn
wn
W 1
xin
wn
wi
xin
wn
tn
2 6
3 10
xin
xio
11
6
2
7
yn
yn
yn
yo
Y
4
7 11 10
6
8
3
3
zo
zn
zhn
zhn
9 11
6
3
zhu
zhu
zu
zh
zh
zh
9
5
4
zh
yn
yun yun
zh zh zhun
5 9 11
9
10 11 6 4
143
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

A 2 1 2
bn
bn
bn
B 11
11 5
5
ci
cn
ch
C 4 7 11
d
chn
chn ch
chun chun chun
1 1
10 10 3
4
dn
do
dn
cn
12
dn dn
D 12 10
2 7 5 11
7
2
f
fi
fn
fn
fn
12 2 11 1 4 11
n
n n u
un
un
8 3
11 1
5
6
6
hn hn
ho
hu
H 7 12 12 5
j
jin
jin
jin
hun
11 8
ji
ji
ji
jn
jn
jn
jn
5 10 4 10 7 6 12
1
1
8
8
jn
jn
ji
ji
2
9 8
3
kn ko
kn
kui
K 4 9
9 8 7
9
8
l
lo
li
lin
ln
lu
L 6
12
9
7
3 7
6
9
2
9
mo
mi mn
m min mio
M 10 2 12 3 7 11
n
nn
nun
N 12
9 4
7
pn
pn pio pn
P
6 1 1
7
qin
qio
pn
10 10
qn qn
qi
q qun qn
5
2
9 11 12 1 3 1 6
r
R 3
sn
shi
sho shn shn sh
sh
sh
sh
S 11 2
9 6 5
12 8 12
4
2
12
144
sh
sh
9
1
ti
to
tn
T
10 1 7
5
6
3
wn
wn wn wn wn
W 10 2 6 3
10
7
x
xi
xin xin xio
X 8 11
3
8
yn
yn
yn
Y 11 2
yun
yun
12 5
z
yn
yn
3
7
11 3
3
yun
10
zho zhn zh
zh
zh
Z 8 4 5 6 2 9
zhun
xi
xn
xn
xn
7 1 4
yn
yu
12
1
6
zu
2
8
145
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

A 12
bo
bio
3 12
2
9
ci
ch cho cho chn
chn
C 2 2 1 2 10
c
cn
chn
11
cu
dn
dn
D 6 11
fn
fn
dn
do
12
1 4
3
fn
F 8 4
12
7
i
ch
ch
chu
10 9 10
1 5
7
7 6 7
5
di
chn chn
n u un un
dn
11
7
2
u
G 12
1 8 5 10
6
2
7
h
hi
hn hn
hui
H 5 4 7 1 12
4
j
ji
ji
6 8
3 5
2
2
9
jin
ji
ji
ji
jn
11
6
8
4
k
kn kn
ku
jn
li
lin
jin
12 11
ju
3
7
K 6 5 9 7 2
3
li
jin
lin
ln
li
ln
L 9 5
9
12 3 11
8
1
3
7
mi
mi
mi
mn
M
6 7
9
8
7
nin nn
N 9 4
pn pio
pn
P 3 1 1
4
q
qin qin
qio
qi
qn
qn
qn
qin
qi
Q 9 8 10
10 2
11 12 6
8
4
12
146
rn
ru
R
2
8
sn
sh
shn sh shn
sh
sh
sh
sh
shu
S
10 1 9
8 5 1 12 6
5
9
sh
shu
3
3
tn
tn
shn
sun
sun
6 3 5
9
to
su
12
ti
tu
11 11
10
3
2
8
wi
wi
wi
wi wn w
W 11 12
2 7 8
9
x
xin
xin
xin xin
xi
12
xn xn
X 6
11 10 1 4 12
2
7
yn
yo
yn
yu
xi
9 6
1
yu
yn
Y
10 11 12 12 3 11 11 8
1
5
zi
zn
zn
zhi zhn zho zho
Z
10
5 3 5 4
9
4
zhn
zhn
10
5
zh
10
zhun zhn
zh
zh
zh
1 3
1
zn
5
4
147
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

B 3
ci
C 9
dn
chi
bn
bi
10
chn
F 2
fn
3 8
di
dn
12 4 1
11
ch chun
12
hu
H 2
10
4
9
J 6
jn
2
8
kn
K 12 7
ln
kn
L
3
8
jio
li
9
7
N 1
p
7
q
10
qi
Q 7 8
12
ni
5
2
pi
pi
qn
jn
jn
ji
5 10 11
ln
ln
2
4
6
3
nn
jn
lio
8
nn
jn
lin
ln
hun
kn
ln
M 4
hun
ln
mi
jin
10
dun
12 11 2
12
G 1
ho
bin
ch
9 10
4
do
fn
bi
chn ch
D
7
3
E 8
bi
pn
nn
12
n
pin
6 11 10
qn
12 12
148
12 11
7
1
p
qn
qn
2
12
qun
ln
qu
10
6
shn shn
10
11
sn
tn
tn
1
3
W 4
x
shn shn
11
2
sh
ti
sho
wn wn
wi
12
su
xio
X 3
11 8
1
yn
Y 9
y
yn
yn
8
1
yn
9
1
zn
zhn
zho
yn
3
yn
zh
Z 2 11 9 12
zh
zhun
zhun
yn
12
wi
xn
yn
12
yn
9
1
1
tn
11
wi
11
tn
10
2
3
10
tu
10
yo
tu
5
8
9
4
10
sh
10 6
4
xi
zhn zhn
shu
su
tn
wi
sh
4
7
2
2 12
xin
sh
4
1
to
10 11
3
5
xin
shn
zh
zh
5 7
zun
11 12
yun
yu
11
5
zh
zhn
10
zn
zhu
5
1
11
5
149
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

A 12
B 10 1
12
12
C 11
D 10
6
7
11
F 7
G 10
H 4
12 2
12
10 2
12 1
K
8
L 1
12
11
8
11
8
11
11
8
7
2
8 11
5
5
3
150
12 11
2
6
10
10
2
3
11
J 10
12
7
11 11 12
9
11 5
3
4 4
4
3
10
5
M 10
12
10
O 4 9
P 11
10 7
N 11 4
11
4
5
Q
3
12
1
5
R 12
S 12
10
12
5
7
W 5
X 2
4
5
Y
5
2
9
9
Z
5
1
1 2
2
10
10 2
9 10
10
11 5
11
7
1 6
10 1 2
T 3
10
8
2
10 12
3
2
2
12
6 3
8
7
11
151
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

A
8
B 2
12
3
7
11
D 5
12
E 12
F 11
3 6
H 4
5
10 10 8
2
10
11
4 12
12
11
11
4 6
11
8
4
7
10
8
2
7
6
2
4
L
5
10
K 2
11
10 2
7
3
9
9 10
J 10 8 11 12
8
6
8
4
6
152
1
2
12
2
7
M 6
P 3
Q
8
R 11 12
S 6
11 9
W
7
Y 6
Z 1
10
4
5
11
11
12
10
11
11
5 8
12
10
11
1
11 1
12
3 4
12
1
7
2
1
2
5
12
T
7
2
5
7
2
8
X 2
10
12
2
3
3
4
153
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

A 2 10 1 11
B 6
12
C 4 12 5
D 5
5 9
7
6
7
12
2 3
5
G 1
8
6
1
H 2
11 2 3
12 1
11
11 11 12
K 3
10
3 6
6
1
10
10
L 12 4 12
11 10
7
4
2
12
154
12 8
J 11 11 1
5 12 8
6
1 8
4
3
9
6
10
5
8
2
M 6 12
4
N 12 5
P
Q 11
R 7
S
11 3
X 8
Y 7
Z 5
10
7 4
10 6 7
2
4
1
1
10
10
12 10 11 6
11
11
10
11 1
1
8
11 5
10 12
2
11
4
6 8 4
7
8 10 3
10 7
6 9
3
T 9 4 12
W 6
10 12
2
9
7
11 12
155
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

A 5
B 12 4
C 2
11
D 7
G 1
H 12
J 4
K 11
12
11
7
10
6 9
10

5
2
8
4
4
5 3 10 7 3 9
1 8 4 11
4
3
10
12 4
11 9 6 2
E 5
F 12
12
12
2 3 7 8
7 8
1 9
10 12
2
9
5 7
156
12
1 4
10 8
1
10
10
5 5
3
7
L 4 4 9 6
11 7 8 10
N 3
P 3
11 3 2
R 1
11
10 11
X 3
8 4
1
1
Z 9 3 5
10 12
10 10
7 10 2 3 2
11
11 2 6 4 12
3 6 7
12 3
2
12 4
10
12
8 9
Y 8
W 4
11 8
9 8
S 10 8
T 5
8 5 2
Q 7
2 11
M 11 8
2 11 11
2 4
9 2
1 9
12 10
9 12
12
7 5
157
12

yn x shn z bio
jin fn du zho

A 12
B 8
C 11 2
D 3
4 7
H 12
12
10
5
12 2
K
4
10
12
158
3 12
7 10
7
5 6
6
1
9
4
6
3
12
7
6
11 6
L 1 11 6
10 12
8
4
12
3
4
8
11
5
F
10
7
12 11
G 5
4
3
5
2
5
2
11
M 10 9 12
N 12
8
2
R 1
S
4
9
8 8
X 12 8
Y
4
1
9 8
11
4
6
2
3
7
8
4
10
12 12 3
6 2
11
2
Z
11 2
7
10
3
5
12 4
11 5
1
4
9
2
W 7
7
4
10 9
8
2
T 2
11
1 10
Q 10 1 5 11 10
2 1
O
6
P 9
5
6
10
8
10
10 5
2
12 7

10
8
12
159
12

（中文）第12册

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（中文）第12册

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CIP

Zhongwen (Mandarin Chinese Language) course materials of trial edition were

included as traditional characters or variant characters in this edition. The traditional

Chief Compiler Jia Yimin

Hans Christian Andersn

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

shn shn sho shn shn

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

chn chn ch chn chun

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

chun chun chun

sho shn shn sh

xin xin xio

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

ch cho cho chn

zhi zhn zho zho

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

Comparison between Simplified and Traditional Chinese Characters

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