Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism AP. physics C 2009 Elec. /MAG M.C, TABLE OF INFORMATION FOR 2008 and 2009 CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS Proton mass, m, = 1.67 x 10~ kg Electron charge magnitude, 60 x10" C Neutron mass, m, = 1.67 x 1077 kg. Lelectron volt, | eV = 1.60 x 10°" J Electron mass, m, = 9.11 107°! kg. Speed of light, c = 3,00 10° m/s Avogadro's number, Ny = 6.02 x 10% mot! Universal gravitational G 6.671071! m/kgs? a S t Acceleration due to gravity Universal gas constant, R = 8.31 J/(mol-K) pee OU) m/s Boltzmann’s constant, ky = 1,38 x 107 5/K. | unified atomic mass unit, Lu = 1.66 x 10” kg = 931 MeV/c? Planck's constant, f= 6.63 x10™ Js = 4.14 x 107! eV.s he = 1.99 x 1075 Jom = 1.24 x 108 eV-nm Vacuum permittivity, & = 8.85 x 10°? C2/Nam? Coulomb's law constant, k = I/4rey = 9.0 x 10” Nem?/C? ‘Vacuum permeability, My = 4m x 107 (Tomy/A Magnetic constant, k” = jy/4x = 1077 (T.m)/A 1 atmosphere pressure, Latm = 1.0.x 10° N/m? = 1,0 x 10° Pa meter, =m | mole, mol] watt, Ww Farad, F ilogram, hertz, | coulomb, sta, T uit |"Seand, S | como, ON | wate” Y | aegrethi, —-C syMBots | ‘cond oe 7 a ; ; ampere, A | pascal, Pa | ohm, 2 | clectron-volt, eV kelvin KK | joule, J |__henry, H PREFIXES VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES Factor Prefix Symbol @ g | a far Tas [sx [oo Too" 10? gga G sind o | pm | ys | wel as | wel 4 10° mega M cos 1} 3/2 | 4/5 | 3/2 | ays 2 0 10 kilo k tan o | 3 | 3/4 1 4/3 | 3 2 lo? centi © 4 The following conventions are used in this exam. lo milli LS L_ Unless otherwise stated, the frame of reference of any problem is wo — micro assumed to be inertial to? nano a IL The direction of any electric current is the direction of flow of positive charge (conventional current). IIT, For any isolated electric charge, the electric potential is defined as zero at an infinite distance from the charge. pico 179180 Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism PHYSICS C: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM SECTION ‘Time—45 minutes 35 Questions i Direction: completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. 1. A positive point charge is initially at rest close to a bar magnet that is also at rest. The charge will (A) be attracted to the north pole of the magnet (B) be repelled by the north pole of the magnet (C) be attracted to the south pole of the magnet (D) be repelied by the south pole of the magnet (B) experience no magnetic force 4 49 [ iy 20 i, 32 2. Resistors of resistance 4, 20, and 32 are connected in a circuit, as shown above. The currents through the resistors are ig, i, and i3, respectively. Which of these currents is least and which is greatest? Least Greatest (A) ig iy ® ft i © 4 i o 4 i, © 4 ip 3. Which of the following is a possible unit for electric field? (A) Voltmeter (B) Joule-coulomb (C) Joulenewton (D) Joule per coulomb (E) Newton per coulomb Unauthorized copying o eves ol any part of hs page thega Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or 4, An emf is induced by a changing magnetic flux in the operation of all of the following EXCEPT (A) an electric generator (B) a transformer (©) an eddy current brake (D) an inductor (E) amass spectrometer 5. A solid conducting sphere carries a charge +0. Which of the following is true of the electric field E and the electric potential V inside the sphere? (A) E=0 and V=0 (B) E=0 and V 40 (©) E#0 and V=0 (D) E#0 and V #0 (B) It cannot be determined without knowing the radius of the sphere. 6. A capacitor with circular parallel plates of radius R that are separated by a distance d has a capacitance of C. What would the capacitance be if the plates had radius 2R and were separated by a distance d/2? (A) C/2 Bc (© 2c (D) 4c ) 8c GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Physics CG: Electric ity and Magnetism Questions 7-8, xX 4kQ yy 4k 8kO. 20Vv A network of three resistors is connected t0 8 20. V battery. as shown above, 7. What is the equivalent resistance of the network? (Ay 4k (By 8kO KC) 1OKQ (Dy 12KQ (8) 16K 8. What is the potential differen points X and ¥? WAY OV (BL SV (C10 (D) 1S 4) 20 bev par of is page egal 9. 10, ‘The single, circular wire loop of radius R shown, above carries a current / that produces a mag field 8 at the center of the loop. If the current remains constant while the loop is enlarged to radius of 28. what happens to the magnetie eld al the center? etic (A) Ideercases to B/2 (B) Iincreases to 28, (C) Hchanges 10 82 (D) changes to VB, ey te A capacitor charged to a potential difference V stores an amount of energy Up. I the potential dittcren energy? (Ay U4 /4 (By U,/2 © U4 (D) Wy (Ey Uy doubled. what is the new stored GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 181182, Questions 1 A uniform magnetic field B directed downward parallel to the plane of the page exists in the shaded region shown above. An electron can enter the field from different directions, 11, Suppose that the electron is moving straight down in the same direction as B when it centers the region of the magnetic field. What is the direction of the magnetic force, if any, on the electron when it first enters the field region? (A) Toward the bottom of the page (B) Toward the top of the page (C) To the left (D) To the right (E) None; there is no magnetic force on the electron, 12. Suppose that the electron is moving perpendicularly into the plane of the page when it enters the region of the magnetic field. What is the direction of the magnetic force, if any, on the electron when it first enters the field region? (A) Toward the bottom of the page (B) Toward the top of the page (©) Torthe left (D) To the right (E) None; there is no magnetic force on the electron. [Unauthorized copying or roe any part of tvs page Hoge, Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Questions 13-14 The following are configurations of electric charges located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Point P isin the plane of the triangle and equidistant from the charges. (A) tq- +9 \ Pe y +9 B) +9. «) 24 13, In which configuration isthe electric field at P pointed directly toward one of the charges? 14, In which configuration is the electric potential at P equal to zero? GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism 15, The electric potential is 50 V at point X and 70V at point ¥. What is the minimum average power needed by an external force to move a charge of 4 uC from rest at X torest at Yin 5s? (A) 1.0107 W (B) 9.6 x 10 W (©) 4.010% Ww (D) 80x 10% W (E) 16x 105 W O 1 16. A small, circular loop of conducting wire is near a Jong, straight wire that carries a steady electric ‘current / to the right, as shown above. Which of the following actions will result in a clockwise induced electric current in the wire loop? L. The wire loop is pulled vertically upward in the plane of the page (away from the wire) at a constant speed. IL. The current in the straight wire is steadily increasing, HL. The wire loop is rotated about a diameter through a small angle so that itis no longer in the plane of the page. (A) Lonly (B) Honly (©) Monly (D) Either Tor 1 (E) Either {or IIT any part ofthis page fe Hoga. 204. +P 10a ‘Two long, straight, horizontal wires, parallel to each other in the plane of the page, carry el currents to the right, as shown in the figure above. ‘What is the direction of the net magnetic field at point P midway between the two wires? (A) Toward the right (B) Toward the top of the page (C) Toward the bottom of the page (D) Into the plane of the page (E) Out of the plane of the page ‘Two circular loops of wire, P and Q, are ‘arranged coaxially, as shown above. The current in P is in the direction of the arrowhead. Which of the following is a correct statement? (A) If P is moving toward Q, a current is induced in Q in the direction of the ‘arrowhead. (B) If Q is moving toward P, a current is induced in Q in the direction opposite to the arrowhead. (©) If the current in P is switched off, a current is induced momentarily in Q in the direc- tion opposite to the arrowhead. (D) If Q carries a current in the direction of the arrowhead, the loops repel one another. (E) If Q carries a current in the direction oppo- site to the arrowhead, the loops attract one another. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 183184 Questions 19-20 In the circuit shown above, the capacitor is initially uncharged. The switch S is then closed 19, Immediately after the switch is closed, the current in the 3 resistor is most nearly (A) 0A (B) 0.20 A (©) 050A (D) 0.674 ®) 10A 20. A long time after the switch is closed, the current in the 3 resistor is most nearly (A) 0A (B) 020A (©) 050A @) 0674 © 104 authorized copying or ruse ol ary part ot tas pepe egal 21. A negatively charged particle Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism I+ 0 = d. 2d & | 3Eo tially in region I, as shown above, is accelerated from rest by an electric field of magnitude E, between two parallel plates separated by a distance d. The particle then enters region Il, the space between two parallel plates with a separation 2d and an electric field of magnitude 3£y in the opposite 2d oF ©) a 3d > GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism 22, A student wants to construct an inductor of a given inductance using copper wire and a plastic tube. Ifa sufficient supply of copper wire is available, the student will also need a (A) meterstick only (B) secondary coil and a meterstick (C) resistor of known resistance and a meterstick (D) voltmeter and a meterstick (B) voltmeter and a DC power supply 23. Correct statements about a constant magnetic field acting on a charged particle include which of the following? 1. The field can accelerate the particle. Il. The field can change the kinetic energy of the particle. IIL. The field can do positive work on the particle. (A) Lonly, (B) Monly (©) Land Il only (D) Hand If only (B) 1,0, and 111 24. A metal wire has a resistance R when itis ata temperature 7. The wire is melted and all of the metal is used to reform it into a new wire 4 times as long. What is the resistance of the new wire at, temperature T? (A) R (B) 2R (C) 4k (D) 8k ©) 168 Unauthorized copying oc euse ol any part oft pape fs Wage 25. An isolated hollow conducting sphere carries a total positive charge Q. Correct statements about the electric field produced by the charged sphere include which of the following? 1. It is directed radially outward from the surface of the sphere. I. Itis equal to zero outside the sphere. IIL. It is equal to zero inside the sphere. (A) Lonly (B) Tonly (C) Monly (D) Land ft (©) Wand tr 26. The diagram above shows the electric field lines, due to two charged parallel metal plates. X, Y, and Zare locations where charges may be placed. Which of the following is true? (A) The left plate is positive and the right plate is negative. (B) A negative charge at X experiences a greater force than if it were placed at ¥. (©) A positive charge at X experiences less force than if it were placed at ¥. (D) A negative charge at X experiences less force than if it were placed at Z. (B) A positive charge at X would experience the same force if it were placed at Z. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 185186 27. When two metal objects, X and Y, are connected to each other by a conducting wire, object X gains electrons, From this information, it can be inferred that before the connection was made, object X, compared with object ¥, must have had (A) less capacitance (B) more electrical potential energy (C) a smaller dielectric constant (D) a greater electric charge (E) a greater electric potential it ti 28. Two long, straight, current-carrying wires are parallel o each other in the plane of the page and separated by a distance a, as shown above. The Girection of the current / in each wire is toward the top of the page. Which of the following best represents the force per unit length acting on the (A) A repulsive force of magnitude jig! /2xa (B) A repulsive force of magnitude ol /2na (C) An attractive force of magnitude jiol”/2xa (D) An attractive force of magnitude jy! /2a (©) Zero [Unauthorized copying or reuse ol any part of hs ape fs thegat Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism 29, A negatively charged rod is brought near a metal object on an insulating stand, as shown above. ‘When charges stop moving, the left side of the ‘object has an excess of positive charge, and the tight side of the object, where the radius of curvature is less, has an excess of negative charge. Which of the following best describes the electric potential on the metal object? (A) Itis greatest on the positively charged side of the object. (B) Itis greatest on the negatively charged side of the object. (© Mis greatest atthe center of the object. (D) Itis the same everywhere on the object. (B) It cannot be determined from the information given. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Questions 30-31 Four identical charged particles, each with charge Q. are fixed in place in the shape of an equilateral pyramid with sides of length L, ay shown above, 30. What is the electrical potential energy of this arrangement of charges? 31. One of the four charged particles is released and allowed to move away under the influence of the electrostatic force from the other three charges. How much kinetic energy will it have when it is very far away’? (B) (cy) o ie GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 187188 x x x x x 32, The circular wire loop shown above has resistance 30.0 and area 3,0 m?, and is fixed in position in the plane of the page. A uniform magnetic field B is directed perpendicularly {nto the plane of the page. The constant rate at which the magnetic field would have to change in order to induce a current of 1.0 mA in this loop is most nearly (A) 330x107 T/s (B) 1.0 x 107 T/s (©) 3.010% T/s () 1.0107 T/s (E) 3.0x 107 T/s 33, Two identical capacitors, X and Y, are connected in series across a battery. A dielectric material with x =5 is placed in capacitor X. Once equilibrium is reached, how do the potential differences across the two capacitors and their charges compare? Potential Difference Charge AV, > Vy O,> O @BVY>V, 9 = a © V, = Vy Q, > Q, OV.<% 2 = My 5| go gal s7| sa 1 Answering Correctly | Magnetostatics; Electromagnetism (Average number correct = 6.3) Conductors, Capacitors Question # 114 [9 [1] 12] tw] 17] 18 | 22] 23] 28] 32 [ 35 Correct/Incorrect Percent of Students! 69 | 52) 59| a1 | 49| 46| 72| 49| 16 | 26| 40| 36) 38 | Answering Correctly | Number Correct Electrostatic Magnetostatics; | Electromagnetism | Correct Number of Questions te 6 | 8 prec 81 37 63 ae (650.6%) (61.7%) (48.5%) Correct My NumberChapter VII: Answers to the 2009 AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam Section I: Multiple Choice = Section I Answer Key and Percent Answering Correctly = Analyzing Your Students’ Performance on the Multiple-Choice Section Diagnostic Guide for the 2009 AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism Exam = Section II: Free Response = Comments from the Chief Reader ‘Scoring Guidelines, Sample Student Responses, and Commentary Section I: Multiple Choice Listed below are the correct answers to the multiple-choice questions, the percent of AP students who answered each question correctly by AP score, and the total percent answering correctly. Section I Answer Key and Percent Answering Correctly item | corsea | Percent Correct by Score | pf) | [atom] corract | Percent Correct by Score | Total No. | Answer [5 [a [3 [ 2 | 1 | coroct | | No | Answer |'s [7a [3 | 2 | 4 | Corroct T[ = [eo[2leale|al ~ | = [ela |selelel o7 em |eearaem| Seo ea77i| 70s) cee e8| aes 2 | > [els [a [|| ce a] a [als«la|[wle2| «@ 2 ea) a TE zp a la|ul[ulele| 6 s) 8 [7] [fo] a | aman wee 20) 200 208 ate coma et) eet toes] or realm) eas |sn=zl| acre eatren ale |e2|s|elei[s| a 7 [a] 99 | 98 [93 [a3 [ae [a9 2 sess ol | oa ote ne | cara) a a [| c |e] ~|s3| 7 |i | 6 w~ | # |mlselulelal atet| eeeraee | 76 miovin| eo ear| a|eeee oo a [ee | 5 [eso | =| 39 | =2 [eo] se |«{os fw | wc fe fslafw ls | 4 n |= |e] | eo |e [| a ~ |. [wtul[efe|el 2[ > [mle |slelul wo] es [a|#2lal|o| 3 3] 8 [s|e|{[zjale| 7 a | c [u|a[elel[el « w]e [es | x | | 2 | 20 | 40 ED | = [efa lel] s |. wf o |#|2{[welwi[s | 7 5 Sa cl ed EE ule [ea|[nfeolalw| poe bee Lee perp pes pe] ae par bos Pe oe Po 8 |e [|e@letatu| 199