1

A
B
B A B

1.

Load

Strain, stress

Strain

lim

s 0

m
F
Stress

pM

pM lim

A 0

F dF

A d A

(3)
(Static load) (Dynamic load or
Fatigue load)

Q
A 7 A B A 1.0
40KN 0.2 B 0.9 30KN
0.1 F 0~50KN

A B 0.1 A
F A B
B B F
A 0.1 F AB

2.
(Fatigue)


1964

ASTM E206-72,1972
The process of progressive localized permanent structural change occurring in a material
subjected to conditions which produce fluctuating stresses and strains at some point or points and
which may culminate in crack or complete fracture after a sufficient number of fluctuations.

191919991994

19321997

19572003

2010

19632007

2013
In materials science, fatigue is the progressive and localized structural damage that occurs
when a material is subjected to cyclic loading. The nominal maximum stress values are less than
the ultimate tensile stress limit, and may be below the yield stress limit of the material.

AB
2 12

19772013
;,

1
2
3
3.

1
Q1
A1
F 8 a

8 b

b)

a)
8

Q2

A2

V V 9
a
9 b

a) S-N

b) S-N
9 S-N

1/21/4
1/8
Q:
10 10

10
2

Q:

A:

Q
A:

4.
1
5
100 1986
76 2003

 11

20

2ICE
1998 6 3 ICE

4-5 6-12 12

12 ICE
101 88 2 8.2
3
ICE

1982
1190 4%

1)

 29% 345 /
2) 24% 345 /
47%

1829 Albert 2

2
3

1
2