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  • Takuya Soma (2014) Tradition and Transition of Altaic Kazakh Eagle Falconry Culture in Western Mongolia, 3rd International Falconry Festival. 7th December 2014

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    相馬拓也（2014）アルタイ・カザフ鷲使いたちの伝統と文化変容 キーワード アルタイ山脈、騎馬鷹狩猟、サグサイ村、生態人類学、鷹匠、牧畜社会、バヤンウルギー、無形文化遺産、モンゴル西部、イヌワシ Keywords Horse Riding Falconry, Eagle Falconer, Animal Herding Society, Bayan- Ulgii, Intangible Cultural Heritage, Ecological Anthropology, Western Mongolia, Golden Eagle Abstract Currently, it is estimated that about 100 Altaic Kazakh eagle masters (or “eagle hunters” literally) taming hunting Golden Eagle in western Mongolia. Nevertheless Altaic Kazakh falconry culture was acknowledged as a part of “falconry, the living heritage” by the UNESCO committee, their concrete figure has not been fully illustrated yet. The presentation focuses on their traditional art and knowledge (TAK) for taming Golden Eagle and hunting preys in the context of nomadic society. Actual participant observation and semi-structural interview (embarked from July 2011) informed concrete figure of each stages in taming procedures and rapport-making with Golden Eagle; (1) capture of eaglet/ adult bird, (2) perching, (3) feeding, (4) training, and (5) hunting. Century-lasting TAK and ethno-ornithological recognition fostered by eagle masters was embossed their indigenous discipline and distinction undisputedly regarded as an intangible cultural heritage. At the same time, Altaic Kazakh falconry culture is in a process of transitional period that brought about decline of actual hunter and correct taming arts, in connection to massive acculturation for tourism demonstration. A central aim of this research is to contribute to ethnographic documentation and cultural preservation of local eagle falconry. The presentation briefly describes a whole picture of Altaic Kazakh falconry culture so far clarified

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    相馬拓也（2014）アルタイ・カザフ鷲使いたちの伝統と文化変容 キーワード アルタイ山脈、騎馬鷹狩猟、サグサイ村、生態人類学、鷹匠、牧畜社会、バヤンウルギー、無形文化遺産、モンゴル西部、イヌワシ Keywords Horse Riding Falconry, Eagle Falconer, Animal Herding Society, Bayan- Ulgii, Intangible Cultural Heritage, Ecological Anthropology, Western Mongolia, Golden Eagle Abstract Currently, it is estimated that about 100 Altaic Kazakh eagle masters (or “eagle hunters” literally) taming hunting Golden Eagle in western Mongolia. Nevertheless Altaic Kazakh falconry culture was acknowledged as a part of “falconry, the living heritage” by the UNESCO committee, their concrete figure has not been fully illustrated yet. The presentation focuses on their traditional art and knowledge (TAK) for taming Golden Eagle and hunting preys in the context of nomadic society. Actual participant observation and semi-structural interview (embarked from July 2011) informed concrete figure of each stages in taming procedures and rapport-making with Golden Eagle; (1) capture of eaglet/ adult bird, (2) perching, (3) feeding, (4) training, and (5) hunting. Century-lasting TAK and ethno-ornithological recognition fostered by eagle masters was embossed their indigenous discipline and distinction undisputedly regarded as an intangible cultural heritage. At the same time, Altaic Kazakh falconry culture is in a process of transitional period that brought about decline of actual hunter and correct taming arts, in connection to massive acculturation for tourism demonstration. A central aim of this research is to contribute to ethnographic documentation and cultural preservation of local eagle falconry. The presentation briefly describes a whole picture of Altaic Kazakh falconry culture so far clarified

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    75 views5 pages

    Takuya Soma (2014) Tradition and Transition of Altaic Kazakh Eagle Falconry Culture in Western Mongolia, 3rd International Falconry Festival. 7th December 2014

    Uploaded by

    alatoo
    相馬拓也（2014）アルタイ・カザフ鷲使いたちの伝統と文化変容 キーワード アルタイ山脈、騎馬鷹狩猟、サグサイ村、生態人類学、鷹匠、牧畜社会、バヤンウルギー、無形文化遺産、モンゴル西部、イヌワシ Keywords Horse Riding Falconry, Eagle Falconer, Animal Herding Society, Bayan- Ulgii, Intangible Cultural Heritage, Ecological Anthropology, Western Mongolia, Golden Eagle Abstract Currently, it is estimated that about 100 Altaic Kazakh eagle masters (or “eagle hunters” literally) taming hunting Golden Eagle in western Mongolia. Nevertheless Altaic Kazakh falconry culture was acknowledged as a part of “falconry, the living heritage” by the UNESCO committee, their concrete figure has not been fully illustrated yet. The presentation focuses on their traditional art and knowledge (TAK) for taming Golden Eagle and hunting preys in the context of nomadic society. Actual participant observation and semi-structural interview (embarked from July 2011) informed concrete figure of each stages in taming procedures and rapport-making with Golden Eagle; (1) capture of eaglet/ adult bird, (2) perching, (3) feeding, (4) training, and (5) hunting. Century-lasting TAK and ethno-ornithological recognition fostered by eagle masters was embossed their indigenous discipline and distinction undisputedly regarded as an intangible cultural heritage. At the same time, Altaic Kazakh falconry culture is in a process of transitional period that brought about decline of actual hunter and correct taming arts, in connection to massive acculturation for tourism demonstration. A central aim of this research is to contribute to ethnographic documentation and cultural preservation of local eagle falconry. The presentation briefly describes a whole picture of Altaic Kazakh falconry culture so far clarified

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    Rapport between the Master and Golden Eagle

    Current Altaic Kazakh Falconry in Western Mongolia

    Associate Researcher

    Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences


    University of Kassel
    7th December 2014
    International Festival of Falconry 2014
    Abu dhabi, United Arab Emirates

    All Rights Reserved by TAKUYA SOMA

    CONTENTS

    1. Introduction
    Golden Eagles as Baddy Animal in Kazakh Livelihood

    2. Cultural Depth of Asian Falconry


    History of Human-Raptor Interactions in East Asia

    3. Ethnographic Narrative of Altaic Kazakh Falconry


    Rapport-Making between Master and Golden Eagle

    4. Cultural Sustainability of Eagle Falconry


    Tradition and Transition of Eagle Falconry in Current

    5. Conclusion
    Future Copes to Falconry Culture in Altai Regions

    Goal OJT

    Subject & Method

    Questions

    1.1. Subject, Method, & Framework

    Question I
    Domestication of Golden
    Eagle, WHEN? & WHERE?

    Question II
    Kazakh Falconers Tame
    Eagles, HOW? & WHY?

    Question III
    Sustainability for future,
    WHO? & HOW?

    Historical Definition

    Anthropology & Ethno-Ornithology

    Culture Conservation

    1. Study Area:
    2. Methodology:
    3. Term:
    4. Language:
    5. Informants:

    Sagsai County, Bayan-Ulgii Province, Mongolia


    1. Semi-Structured Interview
    2. Participant Observation
    24th July 2011 ~ 11th January 2013 (spent for 310 days)
    Local Kazakh
    n = 47 masters & n = 18 masters (total 65 informant)

    Object 1. Definition in Historical Depth of Asian Falconry as the Heritage


    Object 2. Ethnographic Narrative of Altaic Kazakh Falconry
    Object 3. Sustainability of Falconry Culture for Future
    Socio-Cultural Utilization of Anthropological & Ethno-Ornithological Discourse

    1.2. Study Area (i): Map of Bayan Ulgii Province


    Bayan-Ulgii Province

    Russia

    (-)

    Ulaanbaatar

    (Altay Republic)

    45,704km2

    Territory:

    (similar to Swiss/ Denmark)

    Ulaanhus
    Sagsai

    Established: Since

    Ulgii
    Tolbo

    Mongolia
    (Khovd Aimag)

    Altai
    Primary Study
    Site!

    1940

    Population: 108,000
    (3.5% of National Population)

    Population: 2.0 person/ km


    (Tokyo: 14,389/km)
    (Hessen: 288/km)
    Ethnicity:

    Kazakh, Uriankhai,
    Torguud, Tuva

    China
    (Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous)
    0
    100km
    Google Earth

    Falconers:

    90-100 masters

    Eagle
    Population:

    ca. 1,500 2,000

    1.3. Study Area (i): Map of Sagsai County


    Sagsai County

    Ulaan-Hus

    Khovd River

    ()

    Ulgii

    Population:
    1

    HOME

    Ethnicity:

    Ujum

    Buteu

    Bukun

    Sagsai

    Falconers:

    10

    Ortatau

    Kara-Yurok
    Mts.

    Settled Range
    Winter Pasture

    Kagurgat
    Altai

    Hunting Mountains
    0
    10km
    Google Earth

    c.a. 4,000

    Kazakh
    24 ~ 30
    masters

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