TELANGANA FREEDOM FIGHTERS

1. Konda Lakshman Bapuji Father of Telangana (27 September 1915 - 21 September 2012,
Bapuji was born in Wankidi village, Adilabad district, He participated in the Quit India
movement in 1942, in the 1952 Non mulki agitation and 1969 Telangana Agitation. He was
the first minister to resign from his post for Telangana cause in 1969. Mr. Bapuji met
Mahatma Gandhi in 1931. He was a member of Telangana Sadhana Samithi. He
announced, "We solemnly declare statehood for Telangana on November 2, 2008. He
was first elected as MLA from Asifabad constituency in Adilabad district in 1952, served as
deputy speaker from 1957 to 1960 and as minister from 1960 to 1962.
2. Kaloji Narayana Rao (9 September 1914 13 November 2002) more popularly known
as Kaloji or Kalanna was an Indian poet, freedom fighter, Anti-fascist and political activist
of Telangana. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1992. Kaloji was born
in Madikonda, a village near Warangal in Hyderabad state. From around the age of 16, Rao
became active in anti-establishment movements, joining the Arya Samaj and, later,
the Andhra Mahasabha.He participated in movement that was opposed to the rule of
the Nizam in the then Hyderabad State and was imprisoned twice. He was popularly known
as Praja Kavi, meaning "people's poet". He started writing poetry from an early age. He
composed his first poem, in 1931 while still in his teens. his most popular poetic lines were
. He wrote this lines in his godava. Kaloji's Na Godava is
unique both in its style and content. The great Telugu poet Sri Dasaradhi called it ' a running
commentary on contemporary history'. He was a member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative
Council during 1960-1962 and in 1977 he unsuccessfully stood against Jalagam Vengal
Rao as a candidate in the Sattupalli constituency. He was founder member for Andhra
Saraswatha Parishathu and member Andhra Pradesh Sahitya Academy.He was the
president of Telangana Rachayitala Sangham and was a Member of Glossary Committee
during the period 1957-61. He is a recipient of Tamarapatra in 1972. He received the best
translation award of the Andhra Pradesh Government for his work Jeevana Geetha in 1968
and Burgula Ramakrishna Rao memorial first award. He was felicitated by the Andhra
Pradesh Government in 1981. In 1992, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by Kakatiya
University. Kaloji donated his body for research to Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal.
3. Kothapalli Jayashankar popularly known as Professor Jayashankar (6 August 1934 21
June 2011) was an Indian academic and Social Activist. He was the ideologue of Telangana
Movement. He has been fighting for a separate state since 1952. He often stated that
unequal distribution of river water was the root cause of separate Telangana movement.[3] He
was the former Vice-Chancellor of Kakatiya University and an activist in the
Separate Telangana Movement. K. Jayashankar was born in Akkampet
village, Atmakur mandal, Warangal in erstwhile Hyderabad state. His biography "Voduvani

Muchchata" written by Kompelli Venkat Goud was released by KCR and other prominent
personalities. Professor Jayashankar was Registrar of the then Central Institute of English
and Foreign Languages (CIEFL) before being appointed Vice-chancellor of Kakatiya
University in 1991.
4. Komaram Bheem (Telugu:

22 October 190119 October 1940) was a tribal leader

who fought against the Asaf Jahi Dynasty for the liberation of Hyderabad. Bheem was born
into a family of Gond Tribals in the forests of Adilabad in the state of Telangana
5. Chityala Ailamma or Chakali Ailamma was an Indian revolutionary leader during
the Telangana Rebellion.[1] She revolted against the feudal lord, Zamindar Ramachandra
Reddy, known as Visnoor Deshmukh, to save her four acres of land when he tried to occupy
it. She became an inspiration for many during the rebellion against the feudal lords of the
Telangana region. hityala Ailamma was born at Krishnapuram village
in Rayaparthi mandal Warangal district, Telangana State, India. She belongs
to Rajaka caste.
6. Ravi Narayana Reddy, (4 June 1908 7 September 1991), was a founding member of
the Communist Party of India. He was a leader in the Telengana Rebellion against the rule
of Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII. Reddy was also a philanthropist, social reformer,[1] and
parliamentarian. In 2006, the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy,
presented the Ravi Narayana Reddy memorial national foundation award to A.B. Bardhan,
Communist Party of India general secretary.[3
7. Daasarathi Krishnamacharyulu, popularly known as Daasarathi (19271987)
(Telugu: ) was a Telugu Poet and Writer. Daasarathi holds the
titles Abhyudhaya Kavi and Kalaprapurna.[1] He was also the recipient of Sahitya Academy
Award for his poetic work book Thimiramtho Samaram (Fight against Darkness) in
1974.[2] He was also chosen as Aastana Kavi of the Andhra Pradesh Government. Dasarathi
was arrested in 1947 and was sent to Warangal central jail, along with many other leaders
who went on to prominence in independent India. Dasarathi was later moved
to Nizamabad central jail. While in jail he wrote poetry. Popular quotes of him are "
" ("naa telangaaNa, kOTi ratanaala vINa")[4] [My Telangana is like the

Veena (a beautiful stringed hollow instrument) decked with innumerable diamonds]

"

" ("naaku urdU telugu renDu kaLLu,

I renDu kaLLatO anni Bashalani cadavagalanu")[5] [Urdu and Telugu are my two eyes, with which I
read every other language]
"Edi Kakati? Evate Rudrama? Evaru Rayalu? Evadu Singana? Anni Nene! Anta Nene! Telugu Nene!
Velugu Nene!"

"Telanganamu Ritude! Musali Nakkaku Racharikambu Dakkune?"

"Na Geetavalulenta Dooramu Prayanambauno Andaka Ee Bhoogolambuna Aggi Vettedanu"
"Na Peru Praja Koti! Na Ooru Praja Vati!"
"Ranunnadi Edi Nijam? Adi Okate Socialism!"
"Kammani na telangana tommidi jillalena? Asalandhra ku telangana paryayam kaada?"
"Maa Nizaam Raju Janma Janmaala Booju"
8. Suravaram Pratapa Reddy (1896-1953) was a social historian from the Telangana, India.
Pratapareddy was born on May 28, 1896 in Boravelli village in Gadwal estate of erstwhile
Hyderabad State He wrote a social history of the Telugu people, Andhrula Saanghika
Charitra, which was first published in 1949 and has since gone through many editions. It was
the first Telugu language book that to win the best national book award (Kendra Sahitya
Academy Puraskaram). From the 1970s onwards it was a prescribed text for the Indian
Administrative Service and Indian Police Service examinations and of the Andhra Pradesh
civil services commission. He compiled a list of 354 Telangana poets under the title
"Golconda Kavulu" to prove that Telangana also had literature and poetry. Telugu script is
called "onamalu" derived from Om Namah Sivaya of Saivism. He was the editor and founder
of Golconda Patrika, a journal in Hyderabad State. Many of his articles appeared in journals
like Sujata, Shoba, Bharati etc. Golconda was published twice a week. In one of the
editorials of Golconda he wrote that the purpose of the journal was twofold: 1) to serve
Telugu language in Telangana and 2) to help develop everybody in Telangana without any
tribal/caste prejudices. Biographies were Golconda Kavula Charitra,Raamayana
Visheeshaalu, Hinduvula Pandagalu, Hindava Dharma Viirulu
9. Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao (March 13, 1899 September 15, 1967) was the first
elected Chief Minister of the erstwhileHyderabad State. He was among the leaders who
fought against the Nizam in the princely State, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was born in
a Telugu Brahmin family in Padakallu village, Kalwakurthy taluk, Mahbubnagar district. He
was one of the founding members of the Hyderabad State Congress. He presided over the
third Andhra Mahasabha conference at Devarkonda in 1913 and was responsible for
creating an awareness of their rights among the people of Telangana. He was also involved
in promoting the library movement in the State. After the merger of Hyderabad State with the
Indian Union in 1948, he joined the Vellodi Cabinet as Revenue and Education Minister. Dr.
Rao was elected from Shadnagar constituency, and later took over the reins of the State as
the Chief Minister.He was the first and the last elected Chief Minister of the former
Hyderabad State and first Telugu leader after two and a half centuries of Asaf Jahi rule of
Hyderabad State. From November 1956 to July 1960, Dr. Ramakrishna Rao was the

Governor of Kerala and later Governor of Uttar Pradesh till April 1962. He was later elected
to the Rajya Sabha. In which he served from 1962 to 1966. He died on September 14, 1967.
10. Konda Venkata Ranga Reddy popularly known as K. V. Ranga Reddy (18901970) is a
former Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh.[1] He is a freedom fighter who fought
the Telangana Rebellion against the Jagirdars]. The Ranga Reddy District in Andhra
Pradesh is named after him,[2] for fighting the Razakars, who were against Hyderabad state
to be integrated into independent India.He was a Minister of Revenue in 1959 in Neelam
Sanjeeva Reddy's government. He became Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh in
1969. He participated in the Telangana Movement and is known for his forthright speech at
Siddiambar Bazar which ended with his words Ghulam Ki Zindagi Se Mauth Acchi.
11. Pothana (14501510) was an Indian Telugu poet best known for his translation of
the Bhagavata Purana from Sanskrit to Telugu. He was a Telugu and Sanskrit Scholar.[1] His
work, Andhra Maha Bhagavatamu, is popularly called as Pothana Bhagavatam in Telugu.
Pothana was born into a Brahmin family in Bammera
village, Palakurthi mandal, Warangal District.[3] His father was Kesanna and his mother
Lakshmamma. He was considered to be a natural Poet (Sahaja Kavi), needing no teacher.
At an early age he wrote Bhogini Dhandakam a poem wrote in praise of king Sri Singa
Bhoopalas concubine Bhogini. This was his first poetic venture which had the seeds of his
great poetic talents. Bhogini Dhandakam is the earliest available Dhandaka(rhapsody which
uses the same gana or foot all through) in Telugu.[4] His second work was Virabhadhra
Vijayamu which describes the adventures of Lord Virabhadhra, son of Lord Shiva. The main
theme was the destruction of a yagna performed in absence of Lord Shiva by Daksha
Prajapathi. on the banks of river Godavari, Pothana was meditating on Lord Shiva. At that
auspicious moment, Supreme Lord Rama appeared dressed like a king and requested
Pothana to translate Bhagavatam into Telugu(Andhramu) and dedicate it to Him. This
inspired him to translate Vyasas Sanskrit Bhagavatam into Telugu Andhra Maha
Bhaagavatamu.
12. Abu Sayeed Mohammad Makhdoom Mohiuddin Huzri (4 February 1908 25 August
1969) was an Urdu poet and Marxist political activist of India. He was a distinguished
revolutionary Urdu poet. He founded the Progressive Writers Union in Hyderabad and was
active with the Comrades Association and the Communist Party of India, and at the forefront
of the 19461947 Telengana Rebellion against the Nizam of the erstwhileHyderabad state.
He is best known for his collection of poems entitled Bisat-e-Raqs (The Dance Floor), for
which he was awarded the 1969 Sahitya Akademi Award in Urdu. His published works
include an essay "Tagore" and his Poetry, a play, Hosh ke Nakhun (Unravelling), an
adaptation of Shaw's Widowers' Houses, and a collection of prose essays. Bisat-e-Raqs is a
complete collection of Makhdoom's verse including his two earlier collections Surkh Savera
(The Red Dawn) 1944, and Gul-e-Tar (The Dewdrenched Rose) 1961

He is known as Shayar-e-Inquilab' ('Poet of the Revolution'). His ghazals and lyrics have been
used in many Hindi films. Among his notable are the romantic ghazals:Ek Chameli Ke Mandve
Taley, Aap Ki Yaad Aati Rahi Raat Bhar and Phir Chhidi Raat, Baat Phoolon Ki. His collection of
poems and ghazals is titled "Besat E Raqs" . Sahitya academi Award for Urdu poetry 1969
13. Samala Sadasiva (born 1928 7 August 2012) was a Telugu language poet and writer. He
won Sangeet Natak Akademi award in 2011. He was born in Telugupalle village in
Dahegaon mandal in Adilabad district and worked as a teacher. Sadasiva wrote over 425
books in various languages and translated books into Telugu
from Hindi, Urdu, Sanskrit, Marathi, Parsi, English and others. He was instrumental in
including a lesson on Girijan leader Komaram Bheem in the school syllabus in Andhra
Pradesh.He earned a doctorate from Sri Potti Sriramulu University in 1998 and Kakatiya
University conferred him with a doctorate in 2002. In 2006, he got Rajiv Prathibha
Puraskaram. A native of Cherupalli village of Dayagam mandal, He lived in Vidhyanagar in
Adilabad town.He won national award for his book on Hindustani music written in Telugu
called Swara Layalu.
14. Rvri Bharadvja (1927 18 October 2013) was a Jnanpith
award winning Telugu novelist, He was only the third Telugu writer to be honoured with the
country's highest literary award. He was awarded the 48th Jnanpith award for the year 2012
which was announced on 17 April 2013 for his work Paakudu Raallu.
15. Baddam Yella Reddy (Telugu: , b. 1906, Galipalli village,[1][2] d. 1979[3]) was
an Indian communist politician from Telengana. He was one of the prominent leaders
inTelengana armed struggle against the Nizam regime. In 2006, in connection with Yella
Reddy's birth centenary celebrations the Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Y.S. Rajasekhara
Reddy inaugurated a bronze statue of Yella Reddy in Karimnagar.
16. Suddala Hanmanthu was a noted Indian poet of the mid 1900s.[1] He wrote songs
like Palleturi pillagada... pasulagaase monagaada... (from the movie Maa Bhoomi). Suddala
Hanmanthu was born in Suddala village, Gundala mandal, Nalgonda district, Telangana
State state in India. His Telugu folk song, Palletoori Pillagada, mobilised the people of his
region. It was included in the movie, Maa Bhoomi. He earned fame for his Telugu songs and
was awarded the National Film Award for Best Lyrics in the year 2003.
17. Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao (28 June 1921 23 December 2004) was an
Indian lawyer and politician who served as the tenth Prime Minister of India(19911996). he
was the first holder of this office from non-Hindi-speaking south India. He is often referred to
as the "Father of Indian Economic Reforms. Rao accelerated the dismantling of theLicense
Raj, reversing the socialist policies of Rajiv Gandhi's government. He employed Dr.
Manmohan Singh as his Finance Minister to embark on historic economic transition. With
Rao's mandate, Dr. Manmohan Singh launched India's globalisation angle of the reforms that

implemented the International Monetary Fund (IMF) policies to rescue the almost bankrupt
nation from economic collapse.[4] Rao was also referred to as Chanakya for his ability to steer
tough economic and political legislation through the parliament at a time when he headed
aminority government. 11th President of India APJ Abdul Kalamdescribed Rao as "patriotic
statesman who believed that the nation is bigger than the political system" Rao had "humble
social origins".[7] He was born on 28 June 1921 at Lakinepally[citation needed] village
near Narsampet in Warangal District Narasimha Rao served brief stints in the Andhra
Pradesh cabinet (19621971) and as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (19711973. He was
the first person outside the Nehru-Gandhi family to serve as Prime Minister for five
continuous years, Rao won from Nandyal with a victory margin of a record 5 lakh (500,000)
votes and his win was recorded in the Guinness Book Of World Records(1991-1997). His
cabinet included Sharad Pawar, himself a strong contender for the Prime Minister's post,
as Defence Minister. He also broke a convention by appointing a non-political economist and
future prime minister, Manmohan Singh as his Finance Minister.[27][28] He also appointed
Subramanian swamy, an Opposition party member as the Chairman of the Commission on
Labour Standards and International Trade. This has been the only instance that an
Opposition Party member was given a Cabinet rank post by the ruling party. He also sent
Opposition leader Atal Bihari Vajpayee, to represent India in a UN meeting at Geneva. n
1993, a strong earthquake in Latur, Maharashtra killed nearly 10,000 people and displaced
hundreds of thousands.[66] Rao was applauded by many for using modern technology and
resources to organise major relief operations to assuage the stricken people, and for
schemes of economic reconstruction. Rao suffered a heart attack on 9 December 2004
18. Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao (born 17 February 1954), abbreviated KCR,[1]is the first
and the current Chief Minister of the Indian state of Telangana. He is the president of
the Telangana Rashtra Samithi, a Regional Party in India Rao was born on 17 February
1954 in Chintamadaka village, Siddipet Mandal, Medak District of Telangan KCR joined the
TDP in 1983 and contested against A.Madan Mohan and lost that election. He won four
consecutive Assembly elections from Siddipet between 1985 and 1999. From 1987-1988, he
worked as Minister of Drought & Relief in Mr N. T. Ramarao's cabinet. In 1990, he was
appointed as TDP convener for Medak, Nizamabad and Adilabad districts. In 1996, he
worked as Transport minister in Mr Chandrababau Naidu's cabinet. He also served as the
deputy speaker of the Andhra Pradesh Assembly from 2000-2001. April 2001, he formed the
Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) to campaign for his separatist agenda In the Elections of
2014, Rao announced the first Member of the Legislative Assembly candidate of Telangana
Rashtra Samithi fromArmoor, Telangana to Asannagari Jeevan Reddy.
19. Srinatha (1365-1441) was a well known 15th century Telugu poet who popularised the prabandha style of
composition. Srinatha was born to Bhimamba and Marayya in 1370. Srinatha was respected as Kavi
Sarvabhouma(King of poets) in Telugu, and patronised by many kings including the Kondavidu Reddys,

Velamas of Rachakonda and Deva Raya 2 of Vijayanagara empire.. Srinatha worked as a minister in the
court of Pedakomati Vemareddy of Kondaveedu. He was widely regarded as the Kavi Sarvabhowma (The
emperor among poets). He had broken the drum of Gouda Dimdimabhattu by his conversation.
20. Kancherla Gopanna (Telugu: ) (c 1620 1680), popularly known asBhakta

Ramadasu or Bhadrachala
century Indian devotee

Ramadasu(Telugu:

of Rama and

composer

),
of Carnatic

was
music.

17th-

Kancherla

Gopanna(Goparaju) renowned as Bhaktha Ramadasu was born in an affluent Telugu Niyogi

Brahmin family to Linganna Mantri and Kamamba in Nelakondapalli village of Khammamett
Taluk (Warangal Division of erstwhile Hyderabad State) of northern Telangana (Deccan
region).Bhadrachalarama temple was constructed by Kancharla Gopanna popularly known as Bhakta
Ramadas in the year 1674 A.D.Kancharla Gopanna, popularly known as "Bhakta Ramdas", a fervent devotee
of Rama, was born to Linganna Murthy and Kamamba in Nelakondapalli village of Khammamett Taluk in
17th century (1620 AD). the administrative head in the court of Nawab Abul Hussan shah known as
'Taneshah' of Golkonda (he was the last ruler of Golconda before Aurangazeb captured it in 1687A.D.) and
was appointed by him as Tahsildar of 'Palvoncha Paragana'. He was dismissed from service for misutilisation of revenue for constructing the temple and was kept in jail for 12 long years in Golkonda Fort and
was tortured. Unable to withstand the miseries, Ramadas implored Rama to relieve him by singing many
praising and emotional songs which got popularized from the stanzas of 'Dasaradhi Sathakam' and
'Keertanas' of Bhakta Ramadasa.
21. Bammera Potana (1450-1510) was born in Bammera, a village twenty miles away from Warangal, into a
Niyogi Brahmin family. His father was Kesanna and his mother was Lakkasanamma. He was considered to
be a natural scholar (sahaja panditha) without a teacher. At an early age he wrote `Bhogini Dandakam' a
poem wrote in praise of king Sri Singa Bhoopala's concubine Bhogini. This was his first poetic venture which
had the seeds of his great poetic talents. His second work was "Virabhadhra Vijayamu" which describes the
adventures of Lord Virabhadhra, son of Lord Shiva. The main theme was the destruction of a yagna
performed in absence of Lord Shiva by Daksha Prajapathi.

Paidi jai raj from telangana was the reciepnist of dada sahib pakle award life time achievement
award 1980.
Places in Telangana
1. The Charminar, built in 1591 CE, is a monument and mosque located in Hyderabad,
Telangana, India. The Charminar is situated on the east bank of Musi river. Masud
Hussain Khan says that the construction of Charminar was completed in the year
1592, and that it is the city of Hyderabad which was actually founded in the year
1591.[9]:4 According to the book "Days of the Beloved", Qutb shah constructed the
Charminar in the year 1589.Islamic architecture with 4 m height and 48.7 m(160ft)
minarate height.

2. Golconda, also known as Golkonda or Golla konda ("shepherd's hill"), a ruined fort
of Southern India and capital of medieval Golconda Sultanate (c.15181687), is
situated 11 km west of Hyderabad. It is also a mandal of Hyderabad District. The
Golconda fort was first built by Kakatiya as part of their western defenses. It was built
in 945 CE-970 CE[1] on the lines of the Kondapalli fort. The city and fortress are built
on a granite hill that is 120 meters (400 ft) high. The fort became the capital of a
major province in the Sultanate and after its collapse the capital of the Qutb Shahi
kings.

The

fort

finally

fell

into

ruins

after

siege

and

its

fall

to Mughal emperor Aurangazeb in 1687 AD. After the collapse of the Bahmani
Sultanat, Golkonda rose to prominence as the seat of the Qutb Shahi dynasty around
1507. Over a period of 62 years the mud fort was expanded by the first three Qutb
Shahi kings into a massive fort of granite, extending around 5 km in circumference. It
remained the capital of the Qutb Shahi dynasty until 1590 when the capital was
shifted to Hyderabad.there were 9 villages in Golconda fort.
3. The Thousand
Pillar
Temple (Telugu:

historic Hindu temple located

in

the

town

is

ofHanamakonda, Telangana

[1]

State, India. It is dedicated to Lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu and Lord Surya. The
Thousand Pillar Temple is one of the very old temples of South India that was built
by the kakatiyas.i t is believed that the Thousand Pillar Temple was built by King
Rudra Deva in 1163 AD
4. The Salar Jung Museum is an art museum located at Darushifa, on the southern
bank of the Musi river in the city ofHyderabad, Telangana, India. The Salarjung
Museum is the third largest museum in India housing the biggest one-man
collections of antiques in the world. museum which was inaugurated by Jawaharlal
Nehru in 1951.
5. Ananthagiri

Hills are
[2][3][4]

district, TG, India.

The

hills
water

located
flows

at [1] Vikarabad, Ranga

from

these

Reddy
hills

to Osmansagar and Himayathsagar.

6. Chilkur Balaji Temple (Telugu: ) popularly known
as Visa Balaji Temple or Visa God is an ancient Hindu temple of Lord Balaji on the
banks of Osman Sagar Lake near Hyderabad, India. It is one of the oldest temples in
Hyderabad built during the time of Madanna and Akkanna, the uncles ofBhakta
Ramadas. This temple does not accept any money, does not have a hundi, from the
devotees,[2] no green channel or privileges for VVIPs. The other such temple is the
Jalaram temple in Virpur (Rajkot), Gujarat.This temple fought and won the right to
stay out of government control. The only other such temple is "Ramanuj Kot", a
temple in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.It was built on 1300.

7. Falaknuma Palace is one of the finest palaces in Hyderabad, Telangana, India It

was built byNawab Vikar-ul-Umra, prime minister of Hyderabad and the uncle and
brother-in-law of the Nizam VI, Nawab Mir Mahboob Ali Khan Bahadur.[2] Falak-numa
means "Like the Sky" or "Mirror of the Sky" in Urdu.
8. Chowmahalla

Palace or Chowmahallat

(4

Palaces),

is

palace

of

the Nizams of Hyderabad state.It was the seat of theAsaf Jahi dynasty and was the
official residence of the Nizams of Hyderabad while they ruled their state. The palace
remains

the

property

of Barkat

Ali

Khan

Mukarram

Jah,

The

prestigious UNESCO Asia Pacific Merit award for cultural heritage conservation was
presented to Chowmahalla Palace on March 15, 2010 While Salabat Jung initiated
its construction in 1750,[3] it was completed by the period of Afzal ad-Dawlah, Asaf
Jah V, the V Nizam ensured its completion between 1857 and 1869.It is believed to
be modelled on Shah of Iran's palace in Tehran.
9. Nehru

Zoological

Park (also

known

as Hyderabad

Zoo or Zoo

Park)

is

a zoo located near Mir Alam Tank in Hyderabad,Telangana, India Nehru Zoological
Park, Hyderabad was established in vide G.O.Ms. No.247, dated 26 October 1959. It
was opened to the public on 6 October 1963.
10. Mecca Masjid (Arabic and Urdu: , Telugu: ), also Makkah
Masjid, is one of the oldest mosques inHyderabad in India, Muhammad Quli Qutb
Shah, the fifth ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, commissioned bricks to be made from
the soil brought from Mecca, the holiest site of Islam, built completed on 1694.
11. Gnana Saraswati Temple (Telugu: ) is a Hindu
temple of Goddess

Saraswati located

on

the

banks

of Godavari

[1]

River at Basar, Telangana, India. It is one of the two famous Saraswati temples
in India, the other being in Jammu & Kashmir.
12. Ravindra Bharathi (Telugu:
) is an auditorium located in Hyderabad,
India. It was named after theRabindranath Tagore. On 23 March 1960, the
then Governor

of

Uttar

Pradesh and

former Chief

Minister

of

Andhra

Pradesh Bezawada Gopala Reddy laid the foundation stone of the auditorium. Built
during the birth centenary celebrations of Rabindranath Tagore, the auditorium was
constructed by the Government of Andhra Pradesh for over a year. On 11 May 1961,
former President of India Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan inaugurated it to serve the
cultural needs of the region.
13. AP State Archeology Museum or Hyderabad Museum is a museum located
in Hyderabad, India. In 1930, Nizam VII Mir Osman Ail Khan, wanted to preserve the
Hyderabad's state's heritage, had named the museum as Hyderabad Museum It was
named as Andhra Pradesh State Archeology Museum in 1960

HISTORY OF TELANGANA
Telangana has been the homeland for Sathavahanas and Kakatiyas . Kotilingala in Karimnagar was the first capital of
the Sathavahanas before Dharanikota . Excavations at Kotilingala revealed coinage of Simukha, a Satavahana
emperor.
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The region experienced its golden age during the reign of the Kakatiyas, a Telugu dynasty that

ruled most parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323. Ganapatideva was known as the
greatest of the Kakatiyas and the first after the Satavahanas to bring the entire Telugu area under one rule. He put
an end to the rule of the Cholas in the year 1210 who accepted his suzerainty. He established order in his vast
dominion that stretched from the Godavari delta and Anakapalle in the east to Raichur (in modern day Karnataka ) in
the west and from Karimnagar & Bastar (in modern day Chattisgarh ) in the north to Srisailam & Tripurantakam, near
Ongole in the south. It was also during his reign that the Golkonda fort was first constructed by the Kakatiyas.
Telangana, then came under Muslim rule in 14th century for the first time by Delhi Sultanate followed by Bahmanis,
Qutb Shahis and Moghals. As the Mughal Empire began to disintegrate in the early 18th century, the Muslim Asafjahi
dynasty established a separate state known as Hyderabad. Later, Hyderabad entered into a treaty of subsidiary
alliance with the British Empire , and was the largest and most populous princely state in India. Telangana was never
under direct British rule, unlike Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, which were part of
British India 's Madras Presidency.

Post-independence history (1948-1952)

When India became independent from the British Empire, the Nizam of Hyderabad wanted to retain his
independence, but the Government of India amalgamated his state by force on September 17, 1948; after executing
Operation Polo by the Indian Army. When India became independent, the Telugu -speaking people were distributed
in about 22 districts ; 9 of them in the Telangana region of Nizam's Dominions ( Hyderabad State ), 12 in the Madras
Presidency ( Andhra region ) and one in French-controlled Yanam. A Communist led peasant revolt started in 1946,
lasted until 1951.
The central government appointed a civil servant, Keralite, Vellodi Narayana Menon K as Chief Minister of Hyderabad
state on 26 January 1950. He administered the state with the help of bureaucrats from Madras state and Bombay
state . In 1952, Telangana had tasted democracy for the first time when it participated in general elections and
elected Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao as the Chief minister of Hyderabad State . The Telugu speaking people in
Madras state , enjoyed some form of democracy since 1920. During this time there was violent Mulki agitation by
some Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state and to implement Mulki rules strictly.

1948-1952 Influx of Andhra People

It has to be noted that with no such precedence in Independent Indian political history, for four years, civil and
military administrators ruled Hyderabad State. This period saw a huge influx of Andhra people into this region taking
up all the new positions that the new India was throwing open to its people. With the pretext that people of
Telangana were not educated in English or Telugu, the positions were filled up people from Andhra region. Once
these people occupied these vital positions, they in turn invited many of their kith and kin to fill in many other
positions. The history of Telangana Movement owes its origin to a certain extent to this period. During this time, it
became evident to the people of Telangana that future holds complete marginalization of its people.

We don't make a record of migrations within the state, but if there is such a statistic, it will clearly reveal that millions
of Andhra people migrate to Telangana occupying many positions in the government offices, banks, schools,
colleges, universities, etc. Also, there was a great influx of businessmen from Andhra who had sold off their lands
and assets in Andhra and setup business in Telangana region. We will also notice almost negligible migration
happened from Telangana to Andhra regions during this period.

Mulki Rules Flouted

The Nizam set up schools, colleges, madrasas and a University that imparted education in Urdu. Nizam, who had
great admiration for British, started Hyderabad Civil Service (HCS) similar to Indian Civil Service (ICS). Though Nizam
had three different regions in his kingdom - Telugu, Kannada and Marathi regions - he managed the conflicts that
could arise between these regions by implementing 'Mulki Rules'. Mulki Rules provide 80% reservation for local
people in all recruitments for C and D posts at district level and 60% reservation for local people in Class A and B
posts at divisional level. This system ensured that people of the each region got access to opportunities. The Mulki
Rules came into existence in 1928.
During the influx after Independence, most of these rules were flouted using fake certificates that gave people of
Andhra region a local status. When the people of Telangana realized how Andhra people were able to take up the
jobs using these fake certificates, they started a protest called 'Gair Mulki Go Back!' [Non-Mulki Go Back]

1952 Hyderabad State Elections

And contrary to the contemporary belief that Telangana was never a state before, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was
elected the Chief Minister of Hyderabad State in 1952. Telangana was part of a state called Hyderabad state in India,
before it became a part of Andhra Pradesh against its will.

Creation of Andhra State

While Hyderabad State came into existence on its own which included Telangana only in 1948, Telugu-speaking
Andhra region was a part of Madras Presidency. This region became independent on August 15, 1947 along with rest
of India as Madras Presidency.
Fearing that most of the newly created jobs and opportunities would be taken up by Tamils since they were more
educated and had access to opportunities, Andhra people started a protest. Potti Sriramulu, the leader of this
agitation started a 'hunger strike till death' on 19 th October 1952. Even though New Delhi surmised that these
people could be given a new state with a new capital to take care of academic and government jobs and other
economic opportunities, Potti Sriramulu fought for Madras city (now called Chennai) as their capital city. The
recommendations given to New Delhi suggested that Madras will belong to Tamils and not to Andhra People. Potti
Sriramulu died on 15 th December 1952 after 63 days of fasting.
His actions resulted in formation of First State Reorganization Committee (SRC) which divided the nation along
linguistic lines, though Nehru was quite averse to such organization based on language.
New Delhi approved for creation of a new state called Andhra on 1 st October 1953 for the people of Andhra region
carved out of erstwhile Madras Presidency.

One of the misconceptions that are flouted nowadays is that Potti Sriramulu fought for a greater and unified
Vishalandhra comprising all Telugu people under one state. There is no truth to this. He had in fact fought for
extremely local demands for his own people of Andhra region, and not Telangana people.

Prevailing mood before Creation of Andhra Pradesh

Hyderabad State was created in 1948, Andhra was created in 1953. Andhra people won themselves a state but not
Madras. Their capital city was an unknown city called Kurnool. They were still scouting for a much needed capital city
that can rival Madras. The death of Potti Sriramulu put agitation of Andhra People on the national scene. With the
creation of Andhra, legitimacy for creating states on linguistic lines was gaining ground.
The same bystanders from Andhra region, who stood by while Telangana went through Razakar Movement and who
later on took up many positions in the Hyderabad state now started to vie for Hyderabad city.
It should be known that Hyderabad was a very famous city in the world already. It was considered the second most
important city in the Muslim World where one of the world's richest men resided. It was known for architecture
marvels and international businesses. Hyderabad state was the biggest princely state in India who had direct access
to British Crown.
People of Andhra now caught a new slogan to create a new state for all Telugu people, including people of
Telangana. The reality had set in New Delhi that creation of states along linguistic lines could not be avoided. During
First SRC headed by Fazal Ali, states like Kerala, Madras State (Tamil Nadu), Mysore state (later named to
Karnataka), were all created based on linguistic lines. Andhra people vied for Hyderabad and hence whole of
Telangana, and campaigned under the slogan that the binding factor was the common language Telugu. Though
Telangana was unimpressed by such placatory moves because of the experiences of 1948-52, and though Telangana
was least interested in joining Andhra, and though Telangana bitterly opposed it when it came to happen, Andhra
prevailed and they were successful in annexing Telangana to form Andhra Pradesh thereby winning the crown jewel
Hyderabad.
Another misconception that is flouted now is that First SRC has definitely agreed for creation of Andhra Pradesh
from Telangana and Andhra State. That is not the case. In fact, the First SRC clearly makes a case of Telangana.
Here are the excerpts from the text:

The Case for Telangana

The considerations which have been argued in favour of a separate Telangana State are, however, not such as may
be lightly brushed aside.

Some Telangana leaders seem to fear that the result of unification will be to exchange some settled sources of
revenue, out of which development schemes may be financed, for financial uncertainty similar to that which Andhra
is now faced. Telangana claims to be progressive and from an administrative point of view, unification it is contended
is not likely to confer any benefits on this area.

When plans for future development are taken into account, Telangana fears that the claims of this area may not
receive adequate consideration in Vishalandhra. .does not wish to lose its present independent rights in relation to
the utilization of the waters of Krishna and Godavari.
One of the principal causes of opposition of Vishalandhra also seems to be the apprehension felt by the educationally
backward people of Telangana that they may be swamped and exploited by the more advanced people of the coastal
areas. In the Telangana districts outside the city of Hyderabad, education is woefully backward. While Telangana,
itself may be converted into a colony by the enterprising coastal Andhra.

'The Telangana' it has further been argued, can be stable and viable, unit considered by itself.

Hyderabad State (or) Nizam State was The Biggest Samsthan in India out of 600 Samsthans. In
the 18th Century it was under the Moghal Empire, when Moghal Empire became weaken NizamUl-Mulk has announced Hyderabad State in 1724. He is Founder and First Nizam of the
Hyderabad. Hyderabad State was biggest state in India with 8 Telangana Districts (Adilabad,
Warangal, Karimnagar, Medak, Mahabubnagar, Nizamabad, Nalgonda and Atraafbalda (latter
changed as Ranga Reddy District)), 5 Maharashtra districts (Ourangabad, Parbhani, Bheed,
Osmanabad, Nanded), 3 Karnataka Districts (Rayachur, Beedar, Gulbarga). Nizams ruled this
state from 1724 to September 1948. British Govt. given freedom to India but wantedly they
gave freedom for Hyderabad and Kashmir to decide whether Join with India (or) Pakistan.
Kashmir ruler Maharaja Hari Singh joined their state in India. But Nizam announced Hyderabad
is seperate Country, we not to join in India nor in Pakisthan (becuase joining in Pakisthan is not
possible with geographically). The Hyderabad State People eagerly waited freedom from
Nizam and they thought we are going became freedom after India Freedom. The Telangana
People suffered many problems, struggled very much with Nizam Rule.They already started
Telangana Raithanga Poratam (Farmer Revolution). The India Govt. given warn to Nizam but
they did not take any action. Nizam order to not celebrate India Indepance Day because
Hyderabad is seperate Country, and he is Freedom King. And ordered India Currency not
accepted in Hyderabad State and also announced 20 Crore rupees to Pakisthan. But in some
placec Indian flag hoisted, The First Indian Flag hoisted near King Kothi by Hyderabad Student
Union and by City Trade Union Office also hoisted Indian Flag. In many places many people
arrested for Indian Flag hoising.
Nizam close adviser Khasim Razvi created Razakar Force with 90,000 Razakars (soonly
increased upto 5 lakh). Khasim Razvi main aim was making Hyderabad as a Muslim Country..
They entered in the villages and killed lot of innocent people including females, kids and
babies. They looted people and raped ladies before their family people (including girls), they
removed women and mens clothes and forced to play batukamma and do many things. They
behaved with people like Rakshas (Raakshas are better than the Razakars, because they not did
those cruel works that Razakars did, we can't say and see in dreams also that they did).
Telangana People started their fight against Nizam Rule from hundreds of years - the Nizam
Rule was worst and bad Rule in the history of India. (I think British Rule was better than Nizam
Rule). The Telangana Raithanga Poratam changed as Telangana Saayudha Poratam. Every
village created youth forces to fight with Razakars. Not only men, womens also trained using
the Arms. Many women fighted like Rani Rudrama, Jhansi Rani. There are many Women
Freedom Fighters stories to say. Writing here about some of them. Latter Telangana Freedom
Fighters recognised as Indian Freedom Fighters. India Govt. taken Police Action (Sardar
Vallabhai Patel Leadership) on Nizam and Razakars. The operation called as "Operation Polo, it
held from 13th September 1948 to 17th September 1948. on 17th September 1948 Nizam
surrender to India Military. Telangana got Freedom and merged in Indian Union. Razakar Leader
Khasim Razvi sent to jail for killing thousands of innocent people but later he relieved and
went Pakistan and settled there. The Nizam got lot of money for surrender himself. The
Nizam and their family settled in other countries.)