Science Focus Lesson

SC.5.L.14.1
Body Organs

Polk County Public Schools

SC.5.L.14.1

Benchmark: Identify the organs in the human body and

describe their functions, including the skin, brain,
heart, lungs, stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas,
muscles and skeleton, reproductive organs, kidneys,
bladder, and sensory organs.

Essential Question:

What are the organs in the human body, and

what are their functions?
Vocabulary:
organ, digestion, nutrients, wastes

What is an organ?
Your body is made of trillions of
cells.
Cells are grouped together to form
tissues.
Tissues form organs.
Each organ performs a different
function for your body, and keeps
you alive and healthy.

There are two organs in your body that

work in systems to help your body move.

They are your skeleton and your

muscles.

Besides helping your body move, your

skeleton also has other functions.
It supports your body, and gives it shape.
It protects your internal organs, like your brain, heart,

and lungs.
It stores substances that are important to your body.
It makes red blood cells that fight germs.

Muscles are responsible for every

movement your body makes.
Muscles move your bones.
Muscles make your heart beat.
They make you breathe.
Even speaking, digestion, and the pupils of your eyes
are controlled by muscles.

Summarizing
Talk to your shoulder partner about how your
skeleton and muscles help you to move your
body.

Organs for digestion

There are organs in your body that

are responsible for digestion.

Digestion is the process your body
goes through, to break down food
into nutrients that your body
needs.

Stomach
When you eat food, it goes from your mouth, through
the esophagus, and into your stomach.

The muscles in your stomach churn the food and mix

it with special digestive juices.

Liver and Pancreas.

Your liver makes a digestive juice called bile.
Your pancreas makes other kinds of digestive

juices.
All of these digestive juices pass through a tube in
your small intestine.

Small Intestine
The small intestine uses the digestive juices from the

liver and pancreas and finishes digesting the food.

Nutrients from this digested food move into your
blood.
Materials that your body does not need are moved into
your large intestine.

Large Intestine
Your large intestine removes water from the material

sent by your small intestine.

The water moves into your blood.
The solid wastes move into your rectum, and out of
your body.

Summarizing
Write in your science
notebook about an organ
that is involved in
digestion.

Organs for Waste Removal

These organs are the
kidneys, bladder, skin, and
lungs.

Kidneys
Blood passes through your kidneys.
Wastes carried in your blood collect in
the kidneys and form urine.

Bladder
Your bladder collects and stores

urine until you release it.

Skin
Skin is the largest organ in your body
Skin is the outer covering that protects your

other organs and tissues.

Water and wastes leave your skin in
perspiration (sweat).

Lungs

Your blood travels through blood vessels, to your

lungs.
The carbon dioxide and water leave the blood and
enter your lungs.
The liquid water changes to water vapor.
Every time you breathe out, carbon dioxide gas and
water vapor leave your body.

Summarizing
Talk to your shoulder
partner about the organs
that are responsible for
moving waste out of your
body.

Heart
Your heart is the size of your fist.
It pumps blood through your blood vessels to all parts

of your body.

Brain
Your brain has 3 main partscerebellum, cerebrum,

brain stem
It coordinates movements of muscles and helps you
keep your balance.
Controls body movements that you decide to make,
learning, thinking, memory, and imagination
Controls breathing, heartbeat, movements inside your
digestive system
Your brain controls NEARLY EVERYTHING that goes
on in your body!

Sensory organs
Your sensory organs are your eyes, ears, nose, tongue,

and skin
Their job is to get information from the environment,
(through your senses) and send it to your brain.

Summarizing
Answer this question in
your science notebook:
What are your sensory
organs, and what are
they responsible for?

Guided Practice
What is an organ?
A. A group of bones that help you move.
B. A group of tissues that perform functions for your

body.
C. Something used to play music
D. A group of cells that carry out a function

Groups of cells are called tissues, and groups of

tissues are called organs. Each organ in your
body performs a different function.

The heart is an organ that is made mostly of

muscle tissue and nerve tissue. What is the main
function of the heart?
A. To pump blood throughout your body
B. To take in oxygen from the air
C. To keep your body from getting dehydrated
D. To soak up nutrients from your food

The main function of your heart is to pump blood

throughout your body!

Tommy is doing a report. He has researched

information about the skeletal system. Which of
the following is a fact he could have found about
the function of a skeleton?
A. The skeleton supports your body and gives it
shape.
B. The skeleton protects your internal organs.
C. The skeleton allows you to move when muscles
pull on bones.

D. All of these are facts about the skeletal system.

Your skeleton does all of these things for your

body, and more. It also stores important
substances for you body, such as calcium, and
makes red blood cells that carry oxygen, and
white blood cells that fight germs!

Summarizing
Answer this question in your Science
Notebook.
What are some of the organs of
the human body, and what are
their functions?

Check Your Understanding

1. What organs in your body are responsible

for your heartbeat, breathing, and causing

parts of your body to move.
a.
b.
c.
d.

muscles
liver and gall bladder
lungs
skin

Check Your Understanding

2. During digestion, food moves from your
mouth, down your esophagus, and into
your stomach. Which of the following is a
function of the stomach?
a.

b.
c.

d.

Helping you communicate

Making digestive juices
Churning your food and mixing it with
digestive juices
Removing waste from your body

Check Your Understanding

3. What organs in your body are responsible for
collecting wastes in your blood and forming urine?
a. lungs
b. stomach
c. liver
d. kidneys

Check Your Answers

1. A All movement in your body is controlled
by your muscles.

2. C- Your stomach mixes your food with

digestive juices before it moves in to the
small intestine.

3. D- Most people have two kidneys which

are responsible for forming urine to
remove waste from your body.

Summary Question
Turn to your shoulder partner and tell
about one organ and the function it
performs to keep you alive and healthy.
Switch roles.