Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Establishing credibility
Tone
Selecting words
Sentence types
Paragraphs
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ADOPTING THE YOU ATTITUDE
To help us process this
order, we must ask for
another copy of the
requisition.
We
Yo
u
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ADOPTING THE YOU ATTITUDE
We are pleased to
announce our new flight
from Montreal to
Toronto, which is any
hour on the hour.
We
Yo
u
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ETIQUETTE
Instead of
Use
Use
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EMPHASIZE THE POSITIVE
Instead of
It is impossible to repair
your vacuum cleaner
today.
Instead of
We apologize for
inconveniencing you
during our remodelling.
Use
Your vacuum cleaner will
be ready by Tuesday.
Use
The renovations now
underway will help us
serve you better.
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USE BIAS-FREE LANGUAGE
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CREATING CONVERSATIONAL
TONE
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SELECT ACTIVE OR PASSIVE
VOICE
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Passive Voice
(diplomatic)
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FIND WORDS THAT
COMMUNICATE WELL
+CREATING EFFECTIVE
SENTENCES
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VARY THE FOUR TYPES OF
SENTENCES
Use all 4 sentence types
Simple
Property taxes will increase next
year.
Complex
Although our profits have
improved this quarter, we must
continue to identify areas for
cutting back.
Compound
Job losses continue to climb, and
no change is expected soon.
Compound-complex
The housing market has been
volatile, so although real estate
remains a good investment, I
recommend that you be
cautious.
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EMPHASIZE KEY THOUGHTS
Use extra words or short sentences to give the key
thought more space
The chairperson called for a vote of the
shareholders.
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EMPHASIZE KEY THOUGHTS
Make the key word the subject of the sentence
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EMPHASIZE KEY THOUGHTS
Place the key thought in the most emphatic part of
the sentence
The economy has improved since the
government began investing in jobs
+CRAFTING COHERENT
PARAGRAPHS
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UNDERSTAND THE ELEMENTS
OF A PARAGRAPH
Topic Sentence
Support
Sentence
Support
Sentence
Support
Sentence
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UNDERSTAND THE ELEMENTS
OF A PARAGRAPH
Transitions
Use connecting words:
and, but, or, nevertheless, however, in
addition
Echo words or phrase:
It is a product that will change the way
business is done. This product has been
developed.
Use pronouns:
Janice has exceeded all of our expectations.
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UNDERSTAND THE ELEMENTS
OF A PARAGRAPH
Frequently Used
Transitions
moreover, furthermore, in addition
Additional Detail
therefore, because, since, thus
Causal Relationship
similarly, likewise, still, in comparison
Comparison
whereas, conversely, yet, however
Contrast
although, if
Condition
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UNDERSTAND THE ELEMENTS
OF A PARAGRAPH
Frequently Used
Transitions
Illustration
for example, in particular, in this case
Time Sequence
formerly, after, meanwhile, sometimes
Intensification
indeed, in fact, in any event
Summary
in brief, in short, to sum up
Repetition
that is, in other words, as I mentioned earl
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DEVELOPING PARAGRAPHS
Technique
Illustration
Description
Use examples to demonstrate
an idea
Comparison or Contrast
Use similarities and differences
Cause and Effect
Classification
+CHARACTERISTICS OF
GOOD WRITING
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CLARITY
the
defined purpose
logical organization
well-constructed sentences
precise word choice
Clarity
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CONCISENESS
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COMPLETENESS
A
Dont
Include
Visuals
Charts
Facts
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CORRECTNESS
Accuracy
Make
Incorrect
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COHESIVENESS
Cohesion
It
Cohesiveness
usage of
Organization
Repetition (word variations, pronouns etc)
Transitions