JAN2004

INDUSTRIAL BATTERIES PRODUCT PROFILE

WHAT IS A BATTERY ?

A battery is an array of similar electrical storage cells

I N D U S T R I E S

L I M I T E D

FAMILY TREE OF ELECTRICAL STORAGE CELLS

Primary Cell
Litihium
Oxide

Ammonium
Chloride

Secondary Cell
Silver
Oxide

Alkaline
Cells
Ni Cad

Lead Acid
Cells
NiFe
SLI or
Automotive

Standby

VRLA

Fiat Pasted

Tubular

Industrial

Motive Power

Plante

Traction

Train
Lighting

Diesel
Starter

EMU

WHAT IS LEAD ACID BATTERY ?

AN ELECTRICAL STORAGE CELL CONSISTS OF TWO DISSIMILAR
ELECTRODES IMMERSED IN AN ELECTROLYTE.
IT STORES ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN FORM OF CHEMICAL
ENERGY.
WHEN THE CIRCUIT IS MADE BETWEEN ITS POSITIVE &
NEGATIVE ELECTRODES, THERE IS A CHEMICAL REACTION IN
THE CELL AND IT DELIVERS ELECTRICITY-DIRECT CURRENT (D.C)
THROUGH THE CIRCUIT.

WHAT IS A LEAD ACID BATTERY

BASIC ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION PARTICIPANTS :

LEAD DIOXIDE

SOFT LEAD

H2S04 - ELECTROLYTE

POSITIVE ELECTRODE : PbO2

NEGATIVE ELECTRODE : Pb

ELECTROLYTE

: H2SO4

I N D U S T R I E S

L I M I T E D

HOW DOES A LEAD ACID BATTERY WORK ?

Charged
+ve
Pbo2 +
2H2O
Lead
Water
peroxide

-ve
Pb

Discharged

electrolyte
2H2SO4

+ve
PbSO4

Spongy

Dilute

Lead

Lead

Lead

Sulphuric
Acid

Sulphate

Sulphate

-ve
PbSO4

I N D U S T R I E S

L I M I T E D

TYPES OF PLATES
A.

Positive

Plante Type

Cast out of 99.99% pure Lead

Has a fine lamellar structure

Flat Pasted Type

Grid holds the active material and

carries the current

Red lead (Pb3O4) and Grey oxide(PbO)

mixture is filled in tubes and spine of
lead-alloy runs through the centre
entire tube length. Tube retails the
active material firmly and spine carries
the current

Tubular Type

of

B.

Negative
Flat pasted type always

PLANTE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PLATES

Negative Plate

Positive Plate

I N D U S T R I E S

L I M I T E D

FEATURES OF PLANTE POSITIVE

*

GRID / PLATE

- CAST OF 99.99% PURE LEAD

ACTIVE MATERIAL - NO EXTERNALLY INCORPORATED

ACTIVE MATERIAL SURFACE LAYER
OF GRID ITSELF CONVERTED TO
ACTIVE MATERIAL.

SUITED FOR :
*

HIGH CURRENT DISCHARGES FOR SHORT BACKUP TIME

* HIGHEST RELIABILITY IN TERMS OF ZERO DEGRADATION OVER A

LONG SERVICE LIFE