Arthur Cayley (16 August 1821 26 January 1895) was an English

mathematician who is well known for contributions in Group Theory. He

was among the first mathematicians who discovered how various areas
of mathematics could be brought together under group theory. In fact,
Cayley was the first one to define group as set with a binary operation
satisfying laws of associatively, closure, identity, and invertibility.
Early in his career, Cayley worked as a lawyer but later accepted a
position as an academician at Cambridge University in 1863. He wrote
over 300 mathematical papers in his career. His most prominent was
the series of 10 papers named 'Memoirs of Quantics'. Quantic is
defined as a polynomial with the same total degree of each term.
Furthermore, Cayley introduced a new branch of algebra called
invariant theory with Joseph James Sylvester.