IV

22-26. 2006,
. .
. . . . 7, 2007, 189-198

,
e-mail: nada@matf.bg.ac.yu
.
(1924-1941).
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II .
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.. . 23235 6. 1931. .
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r=1 (189

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,

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. , 42
0 < < 900
arc sin < arc sin2(/2)

(1)

,
:
r= 1, tangens-, sinus- arcus-,
, .
25 AD=tg ,
BC= sin AB= arc .

AD, AB BC
D
. D= 1 tg 1, sin 1 arc 1
.


.

, . arc(/2) < tg(/2).
2cos2(/2)
2arc(/2)cos2(/2) < 2tg(/2)cos2(/2), arc sin < arc( )sin2(/2).
(1). sin(/2)
arc(/2) ( . 25).
arc()(arc()/2)2 arc()sin2(/2).
:
190

.
( )
, 1 = 149 597 870 km.
( ) ,
1".
1"
.
1= 206265A.
: sin 1"= 0.0000048481 1/206265.

,
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191

,
.
.
107
. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 15. ( 13, . 110).

192

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XVIII
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a'= a - 900, b'= b - 900.
. 64, 118.

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. 123).
.
193

.
.

1)
:

sin(a) : sin(b) : sin(c) = sin(A) : sin(B) : sin(C)

2)
:

.
cos(a) = cos(b)cos(c) + sin(b)sin(c)cos(A)
cos(b) = cos(a)cos(c) + sin(a)sin(c)cos(B)
cos(c) = cos(a)cos(b) + sin(b)sin(c)cos(C)
3)
:


.
cos(A) = -cos(B)cos(C) + sin(B)sin(C)cos(a)
cos(B) = -cos(aA)cos(C) + sin(A)sin(C)cos(b)
cos(C) = -cos(A)cos(B) + sin(B)sin(C)cos(c)

.
, .
Spherical Astronomy
194

.

.

.
(1), (2) (3)
(
127 128) ( 129, 130 131).
138 139

.
.
140
.

195

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(, , , , , ) (Sorbonne, Caen, Marseille, ). :
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197

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http://alas.matf.bg.ac.yu/biblioteka/home.jsp.

.
IV. , .

, ..: , , 1977.
Green, R: Spherical Astronomy, Cambridge Univ. Pres, London, 1985.
, .:
, . . , 1931, 1935.
, , .: , ,
, 1971, 1981.

SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY OF RISTA KARLJIKOVI

The book Trigonometry by Rista Karljikovi was used as a textbook in secondary
schools (gymnasium) between two World wars (1924-1941). The most interesting fact is
that the significant part of the book was devoted to spherical trigonometry and its usage in
astronomy and geodesy. This part of mathematics does not exist in contemporary teaching
of mathematics, neither in secondary schools, nor in university lessons.

198