Darwiniana, Nueva Serie - Generic Identity of Phoradendron Rusbyi - Viscaceae) and A New Record For Argentina

14/2/2015
Darwiniana,nuevaserieGenericidentityofPhoradendronrusbyi:Viscaceae)andanewrecordforArgentina
Darwiniana,nuevaserie
ServiciosPersonalizados
versinimpresaISSN00116793
Articulo
Darwinianavol.50no.1SanIsidrojun.2012
ArticuloenXML
NOTAS
GenericidentityofPhoradendronrusbyi(Viscaceae)anda
newrecordforArgentina
GretaA.Dettke&JorgeL.Waechter
ProgramadePsGraduaoemBotnica,InstitutodeBiocincias,Av.Bento
Gonalves,9500BlocoIVPrdio43433sala205,UniversidadeFederaldoRio
GrandedoSul,Brazilgretadet@yahoo.com.br(authorforcorrespondence).
Referenciasdelartculo
Comocitaresteartculo
Traduccinautomtica
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Abstract.
DuringareviewofherbariainArgentinawefoundaspecimenofPhoradendronrusbyi,
whichrepresentsthethirdcollectionofthespeciesandanewrecordforthefloraof
Argentina.Thisspeciesisalittleaphyllousplant,beingamemberofthegroupof
hyperparasiticmistletoes,andwasfoundinamixedcollection,parasitizing
Phoradendronbathyoryctum.Amorphologicaldescriptionofthespeciesisprovided,
anditsinclusioninPhoradendronconfirmed.
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Keywords.ArgentinafloramistletoesPhoradendronViscaceae.
http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S001167932012000100010&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
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Resumen
DurantelarevisindeherbariosenlaArgentinaseencontrunejemplardePhoradendronrusbyi,querepresentalatercera
coleccindeestaespecieyunanuevacitaparalafloradeestepas.Estaespecieesunaplantapequeayfila,miembrodel
grupodehiperparsitas,quefueencontradaenunacoleccinmixta,parasitandoPhoradendronbathyoryctum.Seincluyeuna
descripcinmorfolgicadelaespecieyseconfirmasuinclusinenelgneroPhorandendron.
Palabrasclave.ArgentinaflorahiperparsitasPhoradendronViscaceae.
INTRODUCTION
PhoradendronNutt.wasfirstrevisedfortheArgentineanfloraintheimportantworkofAbbiatti(1946)which
included12speciesforthiscountry.Later,Rizzini&Ulibarri(1986)describedanewspeciesnamed
PhoradendronburkartiiRizz.&Ulib.,whichisnowasynonymofP.reductumTrel(Kuijt,2003).Zuloaga&
Morrone(1999)reported13species,andmorerecentlyKuijt(2003,2008)emphasizedtheoccurrenceof
14speciesofPhoradendroninArgentina.
DuringareviewofherbariainArgentinawefoundoneadditionalspecies,PhoradendronrusbyiBritton,
whichrepresentsthethirdcollectionofthisspecies,formerlyknownfromPeruandBolivia,andnowanew
recordforthefloraofArgentina.
RESULTS
PhoradendronrusbyiBritton,Bull.TorreyBot.Club27:136.1900.Dendrophthorarusbyi(Britton)
Trelease,Phoradendron218.1916.TYPE:Bolivia,LaPaz,Mapiri,5,000ft,IV1886,Rusby1543
(lectotypeUS!designatedbyKuijt,Novon4:116.1994duplicateNY!).Figs.12.
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Fig.1.Phoradendronrusbyi.A,habit.B,detailofyoungfloriferousinternode.C,detailofinflorescenceinfruit.AC,fromKieslinget
al.8155(SI).DrawnbyE.L.C.Soares.
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Fig.2.CollectionsofPhoradendronrusbyifromSouthAmerica.
Plantspercurrent,green,erect,upto15cm,monoecious.Stemcompressedinthedistalregion(cuneate),
internodesshort,14cmbasalcataphyllsabsent.Leavesabsent.Inflorescenceslateralandterminal,with
onesterilebasalinternodeand34floriferoussegments,eachatleast3cmlong,clavateinfruit,each
flowerareawithca.20flowers,triseriate,thethreeapicalstaminateflowerswithbilocularanthers.Fruits
globose,ca.3mmindiameter,pearlywhite,pericarpsmooth,petalsclosedinthefruitingstage.
Distributionandhabitat.PhoradendronrusbyioccursintheeasternslopesoftheAndeanforest.The
smallsizeoftheplantmakeseasytobeitoverlookedamongthehostfoliage.Thespeciesoccursinthe
forestcanopy,asseveralotherPhoradendronspecies,makingavisualrecognitionratherdifficult.
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ThisnewrecordincreasestofifteenthelistedspeciesofPhoradendroninArgentina:Phoradendron
argentinumUrb.,P.bathyoryctumEichl.,P.coriaceumMart.,P.dipterumEichl.,P.falcifrons(Hook.&Arn.)
Eichl.,P.interruptum(DC.)B.D.Jackson,P.liga(GilliesexHook.etArn.)Eichl.,P.mucronatum(DC.)
Krug&Urb.,P.obtusissimum(Miq.)Eichl.,P.reductumTrel.,P.rusbyiBritton,P.quadrangulare(Kunth)
Griseb.,P.paraguariKuijt,P.piperoides(Kunth)Trel.andP.tucumanenseUrb.
Observations.Phoradendronrusbyiwasfirstdescribedasaleafyplantwitha5nervedleaves,which
werelaterverifiedbyKuijt(1994)asbelongingtoitshostPhoradendroncrassifolium(PohlexDC.)Eichl.
Trelease(1916)placedP.rusbyiinDendrophthoraEichler,butdidnotprovideajustificationforthis
change.PhoradendronandDendrophthoraareverysimilarintheirgeneralmorphologyandtheonly
consistentfeaturethatseparatesthemisthenumberofantherlocules:twoinPhoradendronandonein
Dendrophthora.ThetwocollectionscitedbyKuijt(2003),thetypefromBoliviaandasecondcollectionfrom
Peru[Woytkowski5740b(US)],havenostaminateflowerstoconfirmthegenericidentityofthistaxon.Kuijt
(2003),notwithstandingtheabsenceofbasalcataphylls,keptthespeciesinthegenusPhoradendron.In
theArgentineanmaterialitwaspossibletoverifythreestaminateflowersontheapicalpositionof
floriferousinternodes(Fig.1B)oftheyounginflorescencesofP.rusbyi.Thebilocularanthersconfirmedthe
placementofthespeciesinthegenusPhoradendron.
AccordingtoKuijt(2003),P.rusbyiisamemberoftheP.dipterumalliancethatincludestheleafyP.
dipterumandfouraphyllousspecies(P.iltisiorum,P.aequatoris,P.fasciculatumandP.falcatum),all
hyperparasiticplantswithtriseriateinflorescences.Allspeciessharetheformationofmultipleshootsfroma
basalcushion,asdoesP.rusbyi(Fig.1A).
TheArgentineanspecimendiffersfromtheothertwoexistingspecimensbythelargernumberofflowers
andbytheclavatesegmentsinfruitingplants.Webelievethisisavariationwithinthespecies,dependent
onthedegreeoffruitmaturation.Phoradendrondipterumalsoshowsthisvariation,showingclavate
segmentswhenthefruitsripensequentially(fromtheapextothebaseofthesegment)ornonclavate
segmentswhentheripeningoffruitsistemporallyirregular.
Examinedmaterial
ARGENTINA.Jujuy.Depto.Ledesma,entrelaMendietaySanPedro,11XI1992(fl,fr),Kiesling,Tur&
Ulibarri8155(SI41374).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
OursincerethankstotheresearchersoftheInstitutodeBotnicaDarwinion,whofacilitatedouraccesstoHerbariumSI,andto
ManuelJ.BelgranoandNormaB.Deginanifortheirspecialattentionandkindness.Thisispublication2intheParasiticPlants
ResearchGrouptechnicalseries.
BIBLIOGRAFA
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1.Abbiatti,D.1946.LasLorantceasargentinas.RevistadelMuseodeLaPlata,Botnica28:1110.[Links]
2.Kuijt,J.1994.Ahyperparasitemistakenforaninflorescence:TheidentityandtypificationofPhoradendronrusbyiBritton
(Viscaceae).Novon4:116118.[Links]
3.Kuijt,J.2003.MonographofPhoradendron.SystematicBotanyMonographs66:1643.[Links]
4.Kuijt,J.2008.Viscaceae,inF.O.Zuloaga,O.Morrone&M.J.Belgrano(eds.),CatlogodelasplantasvascularesdelCono
Sur(Argentina,SurdeBrasil,Chile,ParaguayyUruguay),vol.3,pp.31693172.Missouri:MissouriBotanicalGardenPress.
[Links]
5.Rizzini,C.T.&E.A.Ulibarri.1986.PhoradendronburkartiiRizz.etUlib.nuevaespeciedeLoranthaceae.Darwiniana27:499
501.[Links]
6.Trelease,W.1916.ThegenusPhoradendron.Amonographicrevision.Urbana:UniversityofIllinois.[Links]
7.Zuloaga,F.O.&O.Morrone(eds.).1999.CatlogodelasplantasvascularesdelaRepblicaArgentina.II.Dicotyledonae,vol.
2.SaintLouis:MissouriBotanicalGardenPress.[Links]
2015IBODACONICET
CasilladeCorreo22
(B1642HYD)SanIsidro(Pcia.deBuenosAires)
RepblicaArgentina
Tel.:(+5411)47434800/Fax.:(+5411)47474748
sdenham@darwin.edu.ar
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