Professional Documents
Culture Documents
HCM
___________
Mc lc
MC LC..................................................................1
CHNG 1:....................... TNG QUAN V MT HNG GO
.................................................................3
1.1.Tng quan v tnh hnh ngnh go trn th gii:...............3
1.1.1. Tnh hnh sn xut go trn th gii:........................................3
1.1.2. Tnh hnh d tr go trn th gii:............................................8
1.1.3. Tnh hnh gi go trn th gii:...............................................10
1.1.4. Gi tr mu dch go trn th gii:..........................................10
1.2.Tnh hnh ngnh la go ca Trung Quc:........................13
1.2.1. Tnh hnh sn xut la go ca Trung Quc:...........................13
1.2.2. Tnh hnh nhp khu go ca Trung Quc:..............................15
1.2.3. Xu hng nhp khu go ca Trung Quc trong tng lai:.....18
Trang 2
Chng 1:
Tng quan v mt
hng go
1.1. Tng quan v tnh hnh ngnh go
trn th gii:
1.1.1.
Trang 3
Trang 4
Chu
Vi vic hng lot cc nc chu tham gia vo hot ng
thu hoch chnh v, FAO h mc d bo sn lng nm 2014
chu xung cn 673.600.000 tn, gim 0,7% so vi nh im
ca nm 2013. Vic iu chnh gim ny l do kh hu khc
nghit ang din ra chu , khi m nhiu quc gia b nh hng
bi mt tin trnh chm v tht thng ca nhng cn ma theo
ma, c th l Trung Quc v n . Tng t nh vy,
Campuchia, Nht Bn, Hn Quc, Thi Lan v nhiu nc khc s
t mc thu hoch thp hn n cui nm. Ngc li, sn xut
c d on s m rng ti Bangladesh, Bhutan, cc tnh i
Loan ca Trung Quc, Malaysia, Myanmar, v Vit Nam.
Trang 5
Chu Phi
S phc hi sn lng Madagascar, cng vi cc v ma ln
hn ng Phi, d kin s lm cho sn lng la go nm 2014
ca chu lc ny tng 1%. V la chnh Bc v Ty Phi n
giai on thu hoch, trong khi v ma li ang n gn phn
pha ng v pha nam ca lc a ny. K t thng 7, mc d d
bo sn xut nm 2014 ca FAO cho chu Phi gim gn 750
000 tn xung cn 27,6 triu tn.Trong khi trin vng vn thun
li cho v ma cc nc ng Phi th mt tnh trng tr tr ca
sn lng li din ra Ty Phi, v Ai Cp l ni c s suy gim
ng k nht.
Ngun: FAO
Bc M, Chu u v Chu i Dng
Ti Bc M, USDA h mc d bo sn lng nm 2014 ti
Hoa K khong 350 000 tn k t thng 7, vi din tch gieo trng
thp hn c tnh khong 1,18 triu ha. Mc d c s iu
chnh, din tch la vn c nh gi l tng ln so vi nm
2013 khong 18%, c thc y bi trin vng li nhun cao
hn.
Ti chu u, d bo sn lng ch thay i nh.Vi sn lng
chung khong 2,9 triu tn, sn lng trong khu vc d kin s
tng 25 000 tn so vi nm 2013, khi m nng sut cao hn mt
cht nh thi tit thun li, s b p cho vic ct gim din tch
lin tip .
Trong Chu i Dng, ch c mt s iu chnh nh trong sn
lng ca c k t thng 7, bi v v thu hoch nm 2014
c kt thc vo thng 5. Ngun cung cp nc khng cho
ti tiu c c tnh gy ra 28% suy gim sn lng trong
nm nay mc 833 000 tn.
Trang 8
1.1.2.
1.1.3.
1.1.4.
Trang 11
Nhp khu
Da trn trin vng hin ti cho sn xut ca khu vc, FAO d
kin lng nhp khu go ca Chu vn l 18.5 triu tn trong
nm 2015. Trong khi lng nhp khu d kin s gim 1% so vi
nm 2014, mc nhp khuny vn ln th 2 trong lch s, phn
nh trin vng v ma cc nc nhp khu truyn thng trong
khu vc, cng nh mc gi ni a cao duy tr trong thi gian di,
s thc y s ph thuc ngun cung cp lin tc t nc ngoi.
Trang 13
Trang 16
1.2.2.
Trang 18
1,65
triu
tn
Biu 16: Din bin nhp khu go ca Trung Quc (1/2013 8/2014)
Trang 19
gia tng nhp khu.C th, theo B Nng nghip M, tng chi
ph h tr cho sn xut lng thc ca Trung Quc nm 2013
t 28,2 t la M, tng gp hn 11 ln so vi nm 2005.
Cc s liu thng k khc ca Trung Quc cho thy, nu
nh gi bn l go Japonica ti 50 thnh ph ln ca nc ny
nm 2009 mi ch l 573 la M /tn, nhng lin tip hai
nm sau tng vt ln 682 la v 835 la M. Gi go
Bc Kinh, th Trung Quc sau nm 2012 tng kh mnh
tip tc tng ngay khi va bc sang nm 2013, gn y t
k lc cao trn 715 USD/tn. Xu hng gi tng cng xy ra
khu vc pha Bc v vng duyn hi pha trung-ng t
nc. Cn nm thng u nm nay ng vng mc k lc
970 la M/tn, tc l tng 1,72 ln ch trong vng ba
nm.
Trong khi gi go ti nhng nc xut khu ln nh
Vit Nam, Thi Lan v Pakistan lin tc gim bi sn lng
cao v s cnh tranh ngy cng quyt lit gia nhng nc
xut khu ginh th phn trn th gii. Trong iu kin gi
go trong nc cao nh vy v gi la m th gii vn trong
giai on st nng, vic c ti trn di 2,1 triu tn go ca
nc ta trong hai nm qua n n vo Trung Quc ch vi
gi 431 la M/tn v 419 la M/tn l iu rt d hiu.
Cn vi hn 900 ngn tn go nhp khu ca nc ta trong
bn thng u nm nay ch vi gi 429 la M/tn, cha
bng mt na gi trong nc, chnh l ngun ng lc rt
ln th trng ny ht hng.
Trang 22
Trang 23
Trang 26
Trang 27
Chng 2: Thc
trng
xut
2007
Bin ng Kim
Bin ng
lng
hng nm
ngch
hng nm
(ngn
(khi
(triu
( kim
tn)
lng)
USD)
ngch)
4557
%
-5
1454.0
%
11.3
2900.0
99.5
2463.0
-15
3000.0
48
3660.0
12.59
3670.0
0.45
2930.0
-20.36
0
2008
4720
3.6
0
2009
6052
28
0
2010
6745
49.89
0
2011
7110
3.28
0
2012
8020
12.71
0
2013
6600
17.76
0
Trang 28
10/20
5680
2590.0
14
0
Bng 1: Tnh hnh xut khu go ca Vit Nam ( 20002013)
Nm 2007 v 2008, khi sn lng tng khng nhiu nhng
gi tng mnh y kim ngch xut khu go tng mnh.
Nu nm 2007 c khi lng xut khu gim nhng kim
ngch xut khu tng th ngc li nm 2009 l nm t k lc
v khi lng xut khu go so vi nhng nm trc, nhng kim
ngch li gim 15,36% so vi cng k nm 2008.
Nm 2010 chnh l im sng ca go Vit Nam, theo thng
k ca VFA th xut khu nm 2010 v lng v gi u tng
ng k, t mc cao nht trong hn chc nm qua. C 2 ch tiu
ny u c mc tng trng gn nh 50% so vi nm 2009.
Theo thng k ca Tng cc Hi quan, nm 2011 gi go
xut khu bnh qun t gn 494 USD/tn, tng 14,5 % so vi
nm 2010,Xut khu go nm 2011 khng thot khi cn bnh
tch cc bn ra khi gi thp, cn gi tng th co li nh thc t
nhng nm trc
Nm 2012, Tuy lng go xut khu cao nhng tr gi xut
khu tng khng ng k do gi bnh qun gim. Nm 2012,
ngoi c cu th trng go xut khu thay i, cht lng go
xut khu c s chuyn bin nht nh, t l go cao cp
chim trn 46% v lng v tng trn 79% so vi nm 2011, loi
go trung bnh v cp thp gim mnh, chim khong 35% v
gim khong 32% so vi nm 2011.
Trang 29
Trang 30
2001123
22011
Ri ro
ngnh go Vit Nam khi ph thuc vo xut khu sang
20001ca
90
2
8
Trung
20000Quc
2 7
2006
2000045
22003
02
220001
2000
Trang 31
2.1.2.
Gi v cht lng go xut khu:
2.1.2.1.
Cht lng v chng loi go xut
khu:
Hin trng m Vit Nam phi i mt hin nay cht lng
go xut khu km, gi tr xut khu thp, dn n kim ngch
xut khu cng thp v chc chn thu nhp ca nhng i tng
tham gia u thp, nht l ngi nng dn.
C cu go ca Vit Nam qua cc nm:
Giai on 2008 -2011 l giai on rt thun li pht
trin chng loi cao cp do tn kho go th gii gim mnh cng
vi khng hong lng thc nm 2008.. Nhng qua biu trn
c th thy t nm 2008 2011 c cu cht lng go ca Vit
Nam vn cha c chuyn bin cn bn, go phm cp thp v
trung bnh vn chim t trng ln, go Vit Nam vn cha tm
c ch ng vng chc phn khc th trng cao cp.
Trang 32
tm) ca nc ta chim chim 46% tng sn lng xut khu vi trn 3 triu ri
tn, go cp trung bnh l 1,8 triu tn (chim 23,5%), s cn li l go cp thp.
Sang nm 2013, th tnh hnh vn tng t nh nm 2012, go cao cp vn
chim hng 1 trong c cu go xut khu, c th go cao cp chim hn 34%, go
trung bnh 20%, go thp cp 17%, go thm gn 15%, np gn 6,5%.
Tuy nhin, c mt im ng mng l t trng go thm, go cht lng cao
xut khu ca Vit Nam ang ngy cng tng. C th thy iu m hu ht cc
chuyn gia lo ngi trc y rng y l 1 ngch th trng hp, b c chim bi
cc i th mnh nh Thi Lan, n dn b g b. Vit Nam vn c c hi
ln trong vic khai thc th trng ny. Tuy nhin, nhn vo thc t, d sn lng
c tng nhng gi tr ca go thm, go cao cp xut khu t nc ta vn khng
c nh gi cao nh cc i th.
Biu 3: Kim ngch xut khu go theo chng loi t nm 2010 - 2013
( v: Tn)
Trang 33
Trang 34
2.1.2.2.
Gi go xut khu:
Vit Nam
Thi Lan
Pakistan
Loi go
5% tm
25%
Thng 4/2012
428
555
380
555
445
385
tm
5% tm
25%
450-460
u thng 11/2012
545425-435
420-430
555
530-
tm
5% tm
25%
tm
410 420
375 -
425 435
385-395
540
u thng 1/2013
545 555
425 - 435
415 - 425
530 540
350 - 360
380 - 390
385
5% tm
25%
375 385
355 365
385 - 395
tm
420 430
370 380
15/11/2013
5% tm
400
405
415
380
Bng 2: Bng so snh gi go ca Vit Nam vi cac i
th cnh tranh qua mt s thi im
vt: USD
Tnh n tun cui thng 11/2013, tuy khi lng go xut
khu tng cao hn so vi cng k nm ngoi, song gi bn li
Trang 36
2.1.2.3.
Nam:
Trang 38
Chu u
2008
0.1
0.1
3.3
1.9
Chu Phi
Chu M
22.0
8.4
15.8
11.5
58.8
Chu
78.1
Trang 39
Phillipines
Indonesia
Singapore
30%
1%
i Loan
Hong Kong
2%
Cuba
Malaysia
29%
Trung Quc
ng Timor
Nga
2%
Khc
11%
2%
5% 6% 7%
4%
Trang 40
Indonesia
Phillipines
19%
Malaysia
Cuba
28%
Singapore
13%
Hong Kong
8%
Khc
Bangladesh
2%
4%
4%
Senegal
5%
Trung Quc B5%
Bin Ng
5%
6%
Biu
10: T trng kim ngch xut khu sang cc th trng ch lc
(2011)
Cc th trng xut khu go t mc tng trng trn 100%
c v lng v kim ngch trong nm 2011 gm c: Indonesia,
Trung Quc,..Ngc li, kim ngch xut khu st gim mnh cc
th trng nh:, i Loan Philippines, Nga,
Nm 2012:
Trang 41
Trung Quc
Phillipines
19%
Indonesia
Malaysia 24%
B Bin Ng
1%
2%
3%
4%
4%
Hong Kong
Segenal
6%
Angola
Ghana
Singapore
13%
Khc
12%
11%
N
m 2012 nc ta xut khu 8,02 triu tn go, thu v 3,67 triu
USD (tng 12,71% v lng v tng nh 0,45% v kim ngch so
vi nm 2011). Trung Quc l th trng ln nht tiu th go ca
Vit Nam vi 2,09 triu tn, tng ng 898,43 triu USD, chim
24,46% tng kim ngch.
Biu 11: T trng kim ngch xut khu sang cc th
trng ch lc (2012)
Nm 2013
Cc th trng xut khu go chnh ca Vit Nam trong nm
2013 gm Trung Quc, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Hng
Kng v B bin Ng. Trung Quc vn l nc nhp khu go ln
nht ca Vit Nam trong nm 2013. Trong nm 2013, Trung Quc
nhp khu hn 2,15 triu tn go, vi tr gi 901,86 triu USD,
chim 30,83% tng kim ngch xut khu go ca Vit Nam.Nhn
chung nm 2013, xut khu go sang a s cc th trng b st
Trang 42
Trung Quc
Hong Kong
Malaysia 24%
B Bin Ng
2%
2%
3%
4%
Indonesia 6%
Angola
6%
8%
Phillipines
31%
8%
Nga
8%
Ghana
Singapore
Khc
Trang 44
ngch xut
khu sang
Trung Quc
T l tng
trng so vi
nm trc (%)
Tng kim
T l kim ngch
ngch xut
khu ra th
Trung Quc so vi
gii
Th gii (%)
950.315
2,02
2004
19.185
2005
12.587
-34,39
1.408.379
0,89
2006
12.442
-1,15
1.275.895
0,98
2007
15.958
28,26
1.490.180
1,07
2008
1.426
-91,06
2.895.938
0,05
2009
8.297
481,84
2.666.062
0,31
2010
55.569
569,75
3.249.502
1,71
2011
160.689
189,17
3.659.212
4,39
2012
898.430
459,11
3.673.102
24,46
2013
6/2014
901.861
576.467
100,38
2.925.222
1.474.062
20,36
Trang 48
Nm 2010:
n v: Sn lng: Nghn tn; Kim ngch: Triu USD
07/2010
China
Sn lng
14,110
T l (%)
1,65
Kim ngch
5,668
T l (%)
1,58
Total
853,531
08/2010
China
18,573
Total
614,548
3,02
359,408
7,458
229,275
3,25
Sn lng t u
nm
79,2
T l (%)
1,83
32,93
T l (%)
1,57
4.317
98,08
4.951
1,98
2.09
40,49
2.327,68
1,74
Trang 49
Nm 2011:
Sn lng (nghn tn)
Thng/2011
China
Total
China
Total
01
2,385
536,291
0,44
1,681
279,542
0,60
02
7,32
493,85
1,48
4,512
241,023
1,87
03
63,62
891,757
7,13
30,528
446,065
6,84
04
82,979
799,75
10,38
38,586
375,993
10,26
05
37,679
644,293
5,85
19,186
314,51
6,10
06
27,929
667,953
4,18
13,951
321,453
4,34
08
14,627
763,526
1,92
8,146
394,774
2,06
09
13,178
454,518
2,90
7,405
253,065
2,93
10
7,19
449,915
1,60
4,667
256,677
1,82
11
4,675
403,026
1,16
3,605
240,978
1,50
C nm
306,0509
7.105
4,31
153,4297
3.507
4,37
gia nhp th trng xut khu hn 100 triu USD ca Vit Nam,
vi gi tr xut khu t 143,48 triu USD, chim 4,84%. Tnh
n cui thng 10 nm 2011, go Vit nam xut khu sang Trung
Quc t gi tr 148,14 triu USD.
Nm 2012:
Xut khu go Vit Nam sang Trung Quc nm 2012
Sn lng (nghn
tn)
USD)
Thng
/2012
China
Total
04
393
872
05
205
06
China
Total
45,07
183,54
380
48,30
750
27,37
85,723
330,17
26,00
140
877
15,96
59,2884
383
15,48
07
230
911
25,25
101,357
395
25,66
08
270
816
33,09
124,538
365
34,12
10
117,29
657
17,85
53,371
311,67
17,00
11
85,947
601
14,3
40,941
291,96
14,00
12
164,68
518
31,79
72,6915
245
29,67
C nm
2.501,9
8.872
28,2
1.167,6
3.674
31,78
Nm 2013:
Sn lng (tn)
Thng/
2013
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Trung Quc
Tng
91.724
290.742
31.55%
204.912
652.939
%
32.18
92.064
313.131
29.40%
226.754
704.593
%
25.27
65.464
277.135
23.62%
162.528
643.256
%
27.50
73.096
274.884
26.59%
178.734
650.011
%
23.71
65.93
288.234
22.87%
156.231
659.012
%
33.55
64.827
206.462
31.40%
154.583
460.82
%
31.24
70.647
242.651
29.11%
169.779
543.48
%
30.84
49.842
174.235
28.61%
115.99
376.057
%
29.48
54.053
187.124
28.89%
114.359
387.929
2925.22
%
30.83
trong
C Nm
2152.726
6592.439 32.65% 901.861
2
%
Xut khu go Vit Nam sang Trung Quc nm 2013
(Ngun: Tng hp t Hi Quan Vit Nam, Vinanet)
Thng 5/2013, Trung Quc cng b pht hin tnh trng go
Trang 53
6 thng u nm 2014:
Thng
Sn lng (tn)
nm 2014
Sang nm 2014, th trng Trung Quc tt xung v tr th 2
v tiu th go ca Vit Nam sau Philippines, tuy nhin tnh
chung trong c 6 thng u nm, Trung Quc vn l th trng ln
nht tiu th go ca Vit Nam, chim 41,26% tng lng go
xut khu ca c nc v chim 39,11% tng kim ngch, vi gn
1,35 triu tn, tng ng 576,47 triu USD (tng 4% v lng
v tng 7,46% v kim ngch so cng k).
T gi ng Nhn dn t ngy cng tng tr thnh nhn t
khin cho gi go sn xut trong nc ca Trung Quc tng theo,
t , li th v gi ca go nhp khu vt qua gi go sn
xut trong nc, c bit l go Vit Nam do gi thnh sn xut
thp v lin tc tng sn lng trong 2 nm qua.
2.2.2.
bin gii bao gm hng ha xut nhp khu bin gii (hng tiu
ngch), hng ha mua bn, trao i ca c dn bin gii, hng
ha a vo ch bin gii, ch ca khu, ch trong khu kinh t
ca khu.
Xut khu chnh ngch: l cc hot ng xut khu chnh
thc gia hai quc gia, c th thng qua cc hip nh thng
mi, hp ng xut khu chnh thc gia cc doanh nghip gia 2
quc gia vi nhau,.... nhn chung vic xut khu chnh ngch c
thc hin theo quy trnh v c s kim sot ca cc c quan nh
nc: Hi quan, kim nh hng ha,...
Doanh nghip Trung Quc mun nhp khu chnh ngch phi
ng ph quota 80 USD/tn cng vi thu gi tr gia tng v thu
nhp khu. Chng hn go 5% tm Vit Nam ang bn l 460
USD/tn, nu nhp khu ng chnh thc th thu cng vi tin
quota, gi v n Trung Quc s i ln thm 160 USD/tn cha
k tin vn chuyn, kho bi. Do , cc thng nhn Trung Quc
vn chn cch mua tiu ngch v chnh lch gi.
Xut khu tiu ngch: l mt hnh thc thng mi quc t
hp php c tin hnh gia nhn dn hai nc sinh sng cc
a phng hai bn bin gii m kim ngch ca mi giao dch
hng ha hu hnh c gi tr nh theo quy nh ca php lut. V
d, bun bn tiu ngch gia Vit Nam v Trung Quc l cc hot
ng bun bn gia dn c Vit Nam vi dn c Trung Quc sng
cc x, phng st ng bin c gi tr mi giao dch khng
qu 2 triu ng/ngi/ngy theo quy nh ca php lut Vit
Nam. Chnh tiu ch v gi tr nh (tiu ngch) khin cho hnh
thc thng mi ny c tn nh vy.
Trang 55
Trang 56
2152
2000
1500
1500
1340
Xut khu qua tiu ngch
Xut khu qua chnh ngch
1000
500
529
400
0
2012
2013
6 thng u 2014
Trang 58
Kt lun:
Qua cc s liu phn tch chng 2, c th thy
ngnh go Vit Nam ng mt vai tr quan trng trong
nn kinh t nc ta, cng l mt hng nng sn ch cht
v xut khu ng th hai trn th gii. Nhng gn y,
s a dng v th trng xut khu
ca mt hng ny
ngy cng b thu hp, bng chng l vic xut khu sang
th trng Trung Quc chim t trng ngy cng cao. Tnh
chung c chnh ngch th sn lng xut khu nm nay
sang th trng ny chim 50% th trng xut khu ca
Vit Nam. Nh vy, Trung Quc ang tr thnh th trng
ch lc, thay th nhng st gim ca th trng truyn
thng trc y. Chnh v vy m dy ln mt mi lo ngi
l th trng Trung Quc ang dn c s nh hng v chi
phi n Vit Nam, hay nu khng mun ni xut khu
go ca Vit Nam ang c xu hng l thuc vo th
trng ny. iu ny em n nhiu ri ro cho cc i
tng trong ngnh go ni ring v ton ngnh go Vit
Nam ni chung.
Trang 59
3.1.1.1.
Trang 63
Trang 65
3.1.1.2.
Ri ro trong d tr la:
3.1.1.3.
3.1.2.
Ri ro ca doanh nghip:
3.1.2.1.
Ri ro v thanh ton:
Ri ro trong thanh ton l nhng ri ro pht sinh trong qu
trnh thc hin thanh ton lin quan ti cc giao dch, nguyn
nhn pht sinh t quan h gia cc bn tham gia c ngha v v
quyn li. Mc d, trong kinh doanh xut nhp khu, thanh ton
quc t ch yu c thc hin qua ngn hng, tuy nhin vn cn
nhiu ri ro tim n trong qu trnh thanh ton v d: ngn hng
khng m bo kh nng thanh ton, ngn hng khng chp
nhn thanh ton, khch hng khng thanh ton tr cho doanh
nghip, hoc thanh ton khng ng thi hn, thanh ton khng
gi tr ca hp ng. Nhiu doanh nghip Vit Nam th hin s
thiu kinh nghim trong thanh ton quc t vic khng xem xt
k hp ng xut nhp khu, khi thanh ton khng xem k cc
chng t L/C, cha ch trng n cc chi tit c tnh nghip v
trong thanh ton quc t khi tin hnh thng tho hp ng vi
cc i tc nc ngoi. Doanh nghip Vit Nam cn thiu rt
nhiu kinh nghim giao dch trn th trng quc t, thng
khng xem xt k hoc khng hiu ht nhng ri ro c th xy ra
t nhng im cha r rng trong hp ng xut nhp khu.
Trung Quc l th trng ln m nc no cng mun nhm
ti v h c quyn la chn nhng iu kin mua bn c li nht
Trang 68
3.1.2.2.
Ri ro b hy hp ng:
Trang 71
3.1.2.3.
Ri ro v gi:
3.1.2.4.
thp:
Trang 75
3.1.2.5.
Ri ro khi Trung Quc thay i chnh
sch, php lut:
i vi cc doanh nghip xut khu, ri ro khi mt th trng
c nhng thay i v chnh sch, php lut l khng th trnh
khi, bi l y l yu t khch quan, bt kh khng. Cc cng ty
Vit Nam khi xut khu go sang Trung Quc cng s phi chp
nhn ri ro nu nh chnh ph nc ny c nhng thay i v
chnh sch. c bit, trong bi go Vit Nam ang ph thuc qua
ln vo Trung Quc, th mt s thay i nh trong chnh sch ca
h cng s nh hng rt ln n chng ta.
Hin nay Trung Quc vn ang l th trng nhp khu go
ln nht ca Vit Nam, chim gn 40%. Lng nhp khu ca
nc ny c d bo s tng trong tng lai do nhu cu tiu
dung v d tr trong nc ln. Tuy nhin trong trng hp pha
Trung Quc gim mc d tr go, ng ngha vi vic gim nhu
cu nhp khu; hoc khi Trung Quc chuyn hng mua go t
cc i tc khc khng phi l Vit Nam nh Thi Lan, M,
Campuchia th xut khu go ca chng ta chc chn s gp
nhiu kh khn. Nh phn tch trn, trong tnh hung ny,
doanh nghip Vit Nam s phi i mt vi nguy c b p gi hoc
khng th tiu th c hng nhng th trng khc do cht
lng thp.
Mt khc, xut khu go ca Vit Nam sang Trung Quc thi
im hin ti vn ch yu qua ng tiu ngch. Mt khi pha
Trung Quc cm hoc hn ch nhp khu bng con ng ny th
doanh nghip Vit Nam nht nh ri vo th b. Mi y, Trung
Quc ban hnh lnh sit cht nhp khu tiu ngch v nhn
thy thng li ang trn thu. Mt khc Bc Kinh ang c k
hoch hp php ha ton b hot ng nhp khu go t Vit
Trang 76
Trang 77
3.1.3.
Ri ro cho ton b ngnh go Vit Nam:
3.1.3.1.
Ri ro v thng hiu:
Cc thng nhn Trung Quc mua go Vit Nam vi tiu
chun cht lng rt d tnh, ch yu l go thm nh v go
ngang ph bin nht l ging IR50404. c bit, h hay s dng
c chiu: ngh cc DN, thng li Vit Nam nu mun bn
hng cho h, phi trn go trng thng vi go thm theo t l
50:50 h em v nc bn di mc go thm. Sau khi mua
la cc h dn, thng li Vit Nam s em v ghe trn ln cc
loi la ht di vi ht di, cc loi ht trn vi ht trn ri em
v nh my xay xt ra go, bn cho thng nhn Trung Quc.Vi
gi go trng nu trn 50% vo go thm v bn di mc go
thm th thng nhn Trung Quc s li 1/3 gi. Cc chuyn gia
kinh t nh gi vic lm trn ca mt s khch hng Trung Quc
khng ch n thun l li ch kinh t ca h m c th cn nhm
h thp uy tn, cht lng go Vit Nam. Su xa hn, vic ny c
th ph nt nn sn xut go cht lng cao, go thm ca Vit
Nam, ng thi ph th trng go Vit Nam ti Trung Quc, nh
hng xu n uy tn Vit Nam bi ngi dn Trung Quc s ty
chay go Vit Nam, v cht lng go khng cao.
Ch H Thanh H, thng li la huyn Chu Ph (An Giang)
c cch phn trn: (Thng 5/2014) Thng li Trung Quc sang
k hp ng vi doanh nghip ti a phng ch yu l go
IR50404, c lc mua go di pha trn 15 20% tm. Khng bit
Trang 78
3.1.3.2.
Quc:
Trang 80
3.1.3.3.
Ri ro t i th cnh tranh:
Trang 81
Trang 86
Trang 88
3.2.2.
Nhm gii php cho doanh nghip:
3.2.2.1.
Tm hiu k v i tc:
Nh phn tch, vic lm n vi cc i tc Trung Quc
cha ng rt nhiu ri ro, bi l h thng lm n thiu uy
tn, c th lt lng bt c lc no. Do hn ch ri ro,
cc doanh nghip xut khu go ca Vit Nam cn phi tm
Trang 90
3.2.2.2.
ton:
3.2.2.3.
3.2.2.4.
3.2.2.5.
Ch trng nng cao cht lng v xy
dng thng hiu:
Mt vn ht sc quan trng l xy dng v nng cao
cht lng sn phm v bo v thng hiu. gia nhp
Trang 93
3.2.2.6.
a dng ha th trng:
3.2.2.7.
khu:
3.2.3.
Nhm gii php cho ton ngnh go Vit
Nam:
3.2.3.1.
u t mnh cho cng tc nghin cu
khoa hc nng nghip:
ng Trng Thanh Phong, tng gim c tng cng ty Lng
thc min Nam (Vinafood 2) tha nhn, Vit Nam c b dy tham
gia th trng go th gii hn 20 nm, tng c rt nhiu nghin
cu, n, thm ch c chin lc cp quc gia v xy dng
thng hiu go Vit, nhng n nay, cu chuyn thng hiu
go vn cha lm c. Khng u t hay khng lm c? ng
Phong cho rng c nhiu nguyn nhn, trong ng k nht l
vic cc nh khoa hc Vit Nam khng th lai to ging c cht
lng, mang nt c trng ring ca Vit Nam. Ly dn chng t
cc nc cnh tranh xut khu trc tip, ng Phong cho hay:
Hin nay Thi Lan c khaodakmali, n c basmati, cn Vit
Nam th c g trong tay? My loi ging dng OM 4900, hay ST
(Sc Trng) sn xut vi v l thoi ho, hn na din tch cng
kh khim tn nn khng th ly xy dng thng hiu c.
T u nm n nay, trong khi th trng go trm lng, th ngc
li, ch vi hai loi go mang thng hiu c trng ni trn, Thi
Lan, n vn xut khu kh mnh vi gi ln n 700 1.000
Trang 95
3.2.3.2.
Doanh nghip tham gia trc tip vo
vng nguyn liu:
Vit Nam phi to s lin kt trong chui gi tr. Khng mua
la qua thng li h trn loi go vo na, thay vo
phi c vng nguyn liu. Cc doanh nghip t hng nng dn
sn xut theo quy trnh VietGAP, GlobalGAP ra la nguyn liu
gi thnh thp nht m cht lng cao nht, sau mua nguyn
liu, x l ti nh my hin i, cho ra nhng sn phm go tht
tt.
Doanh nghip xut khu u t c my sy, nh my
xay xt, lau bng, ng bao, kho cha. Xem nh khu sau thu
hoch tm n, by gi ch vic lin kt, t hng nng dn
trng na l c. ng Hunh Vn Thn, tng gim c cng ty
c phn Bo v thc vt An Giang (AGPPS) cng ni hnh thc sn
xut la theo cnh ng mu ln m AGPPS ang p dng c
bn p ng c yu cu th trng go th gii. Nhng yu cu
l ht go sn xut ra phi c ngun gc, a ch, thng hiu
r rng, m bo cht lng, an ton v sinh thc phm. Doanh
nghip tham gia trc tip vo vng nguyn liu nhm thay i
hn suy ngh phi xut khu t ht la ch khng phi t ht
go, ng Thn ni. GS.TS Bi Ch Bu cng cho rng, mun
chim lnh th trng th phm cht go Vit Nam phi trc sau
nh mt, ngha l thun mt loi ch khng pha trn. lm
c iu ny, GS Bu ni nh xut khu phi tham gia xy dng
vng nguyn liu mi c th kim sot cht lng v lo i sng
cho nng dn.
C ngha l, doanh nghip phi u t vng nguyn liu t khi
gieo s, thu hoch cho n lc ch bin thnh phm. Tt c mi
Trang 97
3.2.3.3.
3.2.3.4.
Tn dng c hi ch ng hn trong
xut khu
Bn thn Trung Quc cng ang ph thuc nhp khu go t
Vit Nam. H khng c lng thc, thc phm, la go v theo
c tnh ca cc nh kinh t n nm 2020 Trung Quc s thiu
n, thiu ngun lng thc t nht l 10 triu tn.
3.2.3.5.
mi
Trang 103
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http://danviet.vn/canh-bao-nong-nghiep/gom-gao-sang-trung-quoc-vua-lam-vua-lokhong-biet-huy-luc-nao-461987.html
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http://cafef.vn/nong-thuy-san/gs-vo-tong-xuan-ly-do-gao-viet-nam-thua-kem-campuchia201402221447054079ca52.chn
http://sic.vn/index.php/tu-van-chien-luoc/2573-gao-viet-nam-chat-lng-kem.html
http://baodatviet.vn/kinh-te/thi-truong/trung-quoc-phu-thuoc-nguon-gao-viet-nam-vannhan-thua-vi-3040377/
http://intimexhcm.com/index.php?vn/news/details/4/4644
http://infonet.vn/lao-dao-vi-gao-thai-lan-xa-ton-kho-ban-lo-post97383.info
http://baodatviet.vn/kinh-te/thi-truong/vu-khi-gia-re-cua-gao-viet-that-thu-truocmyanmar-3108541/
http://www.tienphong.vn/Kinh-Te/trung-quoc-ngung-nhap-khau-gao-tieu-ngach-doanhnghiep-dieu-dung-751061.tpo
http://baocongthuong.com.vn/xuat-nhap-khau/59343/trung-quoc-van-nhap-khau-gaotieu-ngach-tu-viet-nam.htm#.VGDhKvmsWPU
http://intimexhcm.com/index.php?vn/news/details/4/4644
http://infonet.vn/lao-dao-vi-gao-thai-lan-xa-ton-kho-ban-lo-post97383.info
http://baodatviet.vn/kinh-te/thi-truong/vu-khi-gia-re-cua-gao-viet-that-thu-truocmyanmar-3108541/
http://www.vinafood1.com.vn/news/tID9406_Don-dap-hop-dong-xua-t-kha-u-ga-o.htm
http://vneconomy.vn/thi-truong/xuat-khau-gao-cua-viet-nam-sang-trung-quoc-dang-tang20140604042255643.htm
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