1.

Honduras
2. Research
a. Total Population- 8.098 Million
Male to Female Ratio- 1.01 male(s)/female
CBR (Crude Birth Rate)- 23.66 births/1,000 population
CDR (Crude Death Rate)- 5.13 deaths/1,000 population
RNI (Rate of Natural Increase)- 2.0%
Rate of Population Growth (Including Migration)- 1.74%
IMR (Infant Mortality Rate)- 19 deaths/1,000 live births
CMR (Child Mortality Rate)- 22 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy- Total: 70.91 years, Male: 69.24 years,
Female: 72.65 years
TFR (Total Fertility Rate)- 2.86 children born/woman
GDP per Capita- 2,290.78 USD
Literacy Rates- Total: 85.1%, Male: 85.3%, Female: 84.9%
Population of the 5 Largest Cities- Tegucigalpa: 850848, San
Pedro Sula: 489466, Choloma: 139100, La Ceiba: 130218, El
Progreso: 100810
% Under Age 15- 34.8%
% Over 65- 3.9%
% 15-64- 61.2%
% Urban Population- 52.2%
Population (Arithmetic) Density- 72 people per sq. km of land
area
Physiological Density- 957
Top 3 Leading Causes of Death- Perinatal Conditions (16%),
Diabetes Mellitus (6.7%), Congenital Malformation (6.6%)
b. Population Pyramids

c. Stage of Demographic Transition

Honduras is one of the poorest countries in Latin America and
has the worlds highest murder rate. More than half of the
population lives in poverty and per capita income is one of the
lowest in the region. Poverty rates are higher among rural and
indigenous people and in the south, west, and along the eastern
border than in the north and central areas where most of
Honduras industries and infrastructure are concentrated. The
increased productivity needed to break Honduras persistent
high poverty rate depends, in part, on further improvements in
education attainment. Although primary school enrollment is
near 100%, educational quality is poor, the drop-out rate and
grade repetition remain high, and teacher and school
accountability is low. Honduras population growth rate has
slowed since the 1990s, but it remains high at nearly 2%
annually because the birth rate averages approximately three
children per woman and more among rural, indigenous, and
poor women. Consequently, Honduras young adult population
ages 15 to 29 is projected to continue growing rapidly for the
next three decades and then stabilize or slowly shrink.

Population growth and limited job prospects outside of

agriculture will continue to drive emigration. Remittances
represent about a fifth of GDP.
d. Dependency Ratio
Honduras has 66% of working-age population. The age
dependency for Honduras is calculated as people younger than
15 and older than 64 / working age people ages 15-64. A higher
value for Honduras and other countries means that employed
people have to support more non-working people, either young
or old.
e. Demographic Momentum
Honduras is not quite at replacement fertility which would be a
rate of two children per woman but currently they are at 2.86
children born/woman. Rates above two children indicate the
population growing in size and median age is declining. Base off
the population pyramids it may occur a little before 2050 if not
before. It is slowing down but a large percentage of Honduras
population right now is under age fifteen, which means they will
face a growth momentum that will increase the overall
population for years, even if the number of births per woman
decreases, because so many women will be giving birth.
3. Questions
a. Honduras is not overpopulated but its land resources have been
overexploited and there are numerous reasons for concern
regarding deforestation and the prevalence of unsustainable
agricultural practices. The countrys population of approximately
8 million people is divided evenly between urban and rural areas
but poverty is a bigger issue in rural areas.
b. Honduras is pro-natalist because it promotes human
reproduction to increase labor work.

c. Literacy Rate: Honduras spends much more on public education

than other Latin American countries but this increased spending
has not resulted in superior educational outcomes. The Public
Review (PER) identifies the most prominent quality and
efficiency problems in the Honduran educational system
including low teacher attendance, shortened class days, and
high grad-repetition rates. Various options to correct these
shortcomings have been proposed, including better enforcement
of teacher attendance and performance, among others.

Infant Mortality: Honduras has an unmet need for family

planning of 17% and pregnancies in adolescents that constitute
19.8% of all births. 22% of adolescent girls in Honduras have at
least one child or are pregnant for the first time by age 19, with
this figure riding to 46% in girls with no education. Neonatal
deaths remain a high priority, accounting for more than 50% of
all infant mortality. Approximately 30% of the Honduran
population lacks access to permanent, quality health services.
Total health expenditure per capita in Honduras is one of the
lowest in the region. The National Health Plan identifies the
following areas for improvement within the health system:
leadership and direction; strengthening relationships and
improving communication within and between central, regional,
municipal and distributional levels; reaching more equitable
national coverage and improved surveillance; enhancing health
coverage in zones of severe poverty; improving technical ability
and training; clarifying protocol, responsibilities, and duties
across all levels; avoiding service duplication; and strengthening
integration among services and external organizations to avoid
duplication of actions, efforts, and resources.
d. http://www.photius.com/countries/honduras/society/honduras_so
ciety_population_growth.html
http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/country/home/tags/honduras
e. Honduras has had a net out-migration rate of -1.2
migrants/1,000 population. That is -50,000 migrants from the
period of 2010-2014.