CENTRIFUGAL PUMP DRAWING AND PARTS

By
Er. Laxman Singh Sankhla
B.E.Mech., Chartered Engineer
Jodhpur, India
Mail ID: laxman9992001@yahoo.co.in

Centrifugal Pumps Parts

2.2.1 The casing is the largest and most visible part of the pump. It can be
constructed of cast iron, steel, bronze, or other special material depending on
type of service. The primary purpose of the casing is to house and protect
internal pump parts.
2.2.2 An impeller is the part of a centrifugal pump which imparts energy to the
fluid being pumped. It is firmly attached to the shaft and rotates at the same
speed as the shaft. Most impellers are made of cast iron, but stainless steel,
plastic, or other materials can be used for corrosive fluids.
2.2.3 The coupling which connects the driver to the pump, transmits power
from the driver shaft to the pump shaft. Couplings must be able to withstand
sudden changes in pump load or stoppage of the driver. They must be flexible
enough to handle misalignment between the shafts as well as changes in the
speed of the driver.
2.2.4 The shaft is connected to a driver (e.g., electric motor, engine, or steam
turbine) and turns the impeller. The shaft is usually made of steel and rotates at
the speed of the driver.
2.2.5 Bearings support the shaft and reduce the friction as the shaft rotates in
the casing. They also control the forward and backward movement (thrust) of
the shaft, and control the side to side (radial) movement of the shaft so that
rotating parts will not rub against the pump casing. Bearings may be contained
in the pump casing on small process pumps or in special housings on larger
pumps.
2.2.6 Seals or packing are used to prevent or reduce fluid leakage around the
shaft. Most centrifugal pumps in the petroleum industry use mechanical seals. A
mechanical seal has a stationary ring secured in a seal gland which is bolted to
the casing and a rotating ring attached to the shaft. Packing is composed of a
series of pliable rings tightly pressed around the shaft in the stuffing box.

Centrifugal Pumps
The major parts of a centrifugal pump are the casing, impeller, shaft, coupling,
bearings, and seals or packing (Figure 2.1 & 2.2)

FIGURE 2.1

SCHEMATIC DRAWING OF CENTRIFUGAL

PUMP

FIGURE 2.2

TYPICAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMP