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Respiratory System

By Robert Schinske, Natalie Mansergh,


Rachel Peterson, Brandon Kelly

Parts of the Respiratory System


Nose- Air enters through here and moves to a tube at the back of the
mouth
Pharynx- Serves as a passageway for both air and food.
Trachea- Air moves from the pharynx into the trachea. This is also known
as the windpipe.
Larynx-Two highly elastic folds of tissue known as vocal cords. Air moving
between them cause them to vibrate and create sound.
Lungs- Air enters the body through passages, fills the lungs, and then
gases are exchanged.
Bronchi-The air passes through the trachea into two passageways in the
chest into the bronchi.

How Respiratory System Works

you start breathing in the nose and mouth


travels down your throat into the trachea
trachea then divides into air passages called bronchial tubes
for your lungs to be most efficentiant these airways need to be constantly
open and free from swelling
as bronchial tubes pass through the lungs they divide into even smaller
passages called bronchioles
the bronchioles end in air sacks called alveoli
the alveoli are surrounded by many blood vessels called capillaries
oxygen from the air that was inhaled passes through the alveoli walls and
into passing blood cells
as cells use oxygen, carbon dioxide is produced into the blood
your blood carries the CO2 back into the lungs
when you exhale, CO2 is released

Cells and tissues involved in the


Respiratory System
Cells
Nerve cells- send
signals to your lungs to
breath
Tissue cells- form
tissues
Epithelial Cellsinvolved in every part of
the body, make up tissue

Tissues
Connective tissuesconnect organs and
muscles
Nerve tissues-forms
spinal cord and brain
Muscle tissues- make
up the muscles involved
in the respiratory system
Epithelial tissuescover every part of the
body

What Respiratory System Does


The basic job of the respiratory system is to exchange oxygen to carbon
dioxide
With each breath, air travels through the system and reaches the lungs
which fill with air and the gas exchange takes place.
To allow air to pass through most delicate tissues in body.
At the cellular stage, respiration is the release of energy from the broken
down molecules in food with the presence of oxygen.
o Without this oxygen, cells cant produce ATP as well
If ATP isnt present, cells cant create new molecules, pump ions
to areas that are in need, and transfer nerve impulses.

Which Diseases Affect the


Respiratory System?
Tobacco related diseases (malignant tumors)
o Bronchitis
When the bronchi becomes swollen and clogged
Difficulty breathing and doing easy physical activity
o Lung cancer
o Emphysema
Lose elasticity in lungs(cannot produce enough oxygen)
o Heart disease
Smoking constricts airways leading to high blood pressure
o COPD
Airways swell which make it hard to breathe
Unlike asthma it is not triggered by anything, triggers that set off
asthma make COPD worse

Healthy Lung vs. Smokers Lung

Which Diseases Affect the


Respiratory System?
Non-tobacco related diseases
o Asthma
Asthma affects everybody
It is a disorder that causes the airways of the lungs to swell

This leads to wheezing or shortness of breath


o Pneumonia
Lung infection caused by bacteria, fungi, or a virus
Intense coughing, fever, shaking or chills, shortness of breath
o Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease it affects mucus and sweat
glands
The mucus blocks the airways making it hard to breath

How the Respiratory System


protects the Body
Cilia - small hairs in your nose help filter out particles
Cilia are found along your air passages and move back and forth motion
that keep these air passages hygienic
If substances like cigarette smoke are inhaled, the cilia stop working
causing bronchitis
Mucus is produced by cells and is found in the trachea and bronchial tubes
which keep passageways moist that helps stop bacteria and viruses
Contaminants that reach the deeper part of the lungs can be moved up
and coughed out or swallowed

How the Respiratory System Work


with Other Organ Systems
Skeletal System: Provides oxygen to bones remove the skeletal system
waste
Muscular System: Provides oxygen to the muscles removes waste of
system
Digestive System: Provides oxygen to the digestive system to help digest
food
Circulatory System: Provides oxygen to red blood cells for all parts of the
body
Urinary System: Provides oxygen so the urinary system can clean the
waste
Nervous System: Provides oxygen so the brain to think and control all
other body systems

Bibliography
http://leavingbio.net/respiratory%20system/the%20res
piratory%20system.htm
http://hes.ucfsd.org/gclaypo/repiratorysys.html
http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/re
spiratory/lung3.htm
Prentice Hall Biology

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