Static Structural Analysis Using Sap2000 For Truss and Frame (Beginner Level)

STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS USING SAP2000
for TRUSS & FRAME

(Beginner Level)
This tutorial belongs to:
______________________
Ikatan Mahasiswa Sipil

November 2011
Universitas Indonesia
Written by
Gregory Foranda Saragih | @gregoryfst
SAP2000 v14.1 were used to prepare this tutorial
Dont hesistate to critize anything inside (particularlly the bad english used), for the greater good
PROBLEM: TRUSS
for TRUSS & FRAME
StaticStructuralAnalysisUsingSAP2000forTrussandFrame (BeginnerLevel)
Written by Gregory Foranda Saragih
November 2011, Ikatan Mahasiswa Sipil
Problem: TRUSS
Structure Specification:
Steel Section W10x12
Esteel = 200.000 Mpa
Self Weight does not considered as load
Perform Static Analysis using SAP2000 to determine:
Joint Reaction VA, HA, VB
Members Axial Forces
Displacement and Rotation at C, D, and E
5 essential steps to perform static structural analysis of truss (2D) problem
StaticStructuralAnalysisUsingSAP2000forTrussandFrame
forTrussandFrame (BeginnerLevel)
Part 1: STRUCTURAL DETAILS

File New Model
Set the Base unit to be used (N, m, C)
Choose 2D Trusses
Ignore the 2D Truss Type (or particularly for this problem, choose Sloped Truss)
Ignore the Restraints checkbox
Ignore the Truss Dimensions
Ignore the Section Properties
Check the Use Custom Grid Spacing and Locate Origin
Edit Grid
Define Grid System Data
OK (probably twice)
SAP2000 will show the defined model, with structural members automatically added
(connecting joint to joint).
Members of the truss can be added by drawing the elements; connecting joint to joint.
[ Draw Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon ]
---end of Part 1 (Structural Details)
Part 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Select the joint (where the restraint shall be added)

Assign Joint Restraints
The use of Fast Restraints is suggested because its more familiar . Assign all joint with the
desired boundary conditions.
---end of Part 2 (Boundary Conditions)
Part 3: SECTION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Define the materials first, and then define the sections of the structure to be analyzed.
Material : Steel, E = 200.000 MPa
Section : W10x12
Materials
Define Materials Add New Material
Sections
W10x12
tw
tf
bf
d
= 0.19 inches
= 0.21 inches
= 3.96 inches
= 9.87 inches
this section properties is gathered from

internet unknown resource, so it doubtly
represents the actual W10x12 section
properties.
Change the base unit to British Standard (lb, in, F)

Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property
W10x12 is a type of steel wide flange section.

Choose Steel for the Frame Section Property Type
Choose I / Wide Flange
Adjust the section dimensions as W10x12 profile, and choose the defined steel as the
material.
Make sure that the mass and weight value is 1 in the Frame Property/Stiffness
Modification Factors; So the frame section will contribute its stiffness in resisting loads on the
structure (to be assigned).
Select all the members of the truss

Assign Frame Frame Sections
Select the frame section to be assigned on the members selected
---end of Part 3 (Section and Material Properties)
Part 4: LOADING
Change the base unit to N, m, C

Define Load Patterns
Modify the Self Weight Modifier value to 0 (zero)
So the load to be assigned to the structure will not count the structures self weight as load.
Select the joint to be assigned with joint load

Assign Joint Loads Forces
Adjust the joint forces as the problem
---end of Part 4 (Loading)
Part 5: ANALYSIS
SIMPLIFICATION OF A 2D TRUSS STRUCTURE MODEL
Only top and bottom beams assumed able to resist shear and moment forces
So the diagonal members assumed only able to resist axial forces no stiffness for shear
and moment forces
Select the diagonal members
Assign Frame Property Modifiers
Reduce the DOFs to be analyzed so the analysis process more efficient (uncheck the
unecessary DOFs.
Analyze Set Analysis Options
Analyze Set Load Cases to Run

Modal Case wont be necessary.
RUN
---end of Part 5 (Analysis)
RESULTS
Joint Forces
Display Forces/Stresses Joints
Member Axial Forces

Display Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables
Displacement and Rotation at Joints

Display Show Deformed Shape
PROBLEM: FRAME
for TRUSS & FRAME
Problem: FRAME (Statically Indeterminate)
Structure Specification:
Concrete Section 70x40cm
Econcrete = 27.000 Mpa
Self Weight does not considered as load
Perform Static Analysis using SAP2000 to determine:
Joint Reaction at A and D
Shear and Moment Diagram
Displacement and Rotation at E
5 essential steps to perform static structural analysis of truss (2D) problem
Part 1: STRUCTURAL DETAILS

File New Model
Set the Base unit to be used (N, m, C)
Choose Beam
Ignore the Restraints checkbox
Ignore the Beam Dimensions
Ignore the Section Properties
Check the Use Custom Grid Spacing and Locate Origin
Edit Grid
Define Grid System Data
OK (probably twice)
SAP2000 will show the defined model, with structural members automatically added
(connecting joint to joint).
Erase all the automatically added structural members.
Draw Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon
---end of Part 1 (Structural Details)
Part 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
Select the joint (where the restraint shall be added)

Assign Joint Restraints
The use of Fast Restraints is suggested because its more familiar . Assign all joint with the
desired boundary conditions.
---end of Part 2 (Boundary Conditions)
Part 3: SECTION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Define the materials first, and then define the sections of the structure to be analyzed.
Material : Concrete, E = 27.000 MPa
Section : 70x40cm
Materials
Define Materials Add New Material
Sections
Concrete 70x40cm
Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property
Concrete 70x40cm is a type of concrete rectangular section.

Choose Concrete for the Frame Section Property Type
Choose Rectangular
Adjust the section dimensions as 70x40cm profile, and choose the defined concrete as the
material.
Make sure that the mass and weight value is 1 in the Frame Property/Stiffness
Modification Factors; So the frame section will contribute its stiffness in resisting loads on the
structure (to be assigned).
Select all the members of the frame

Assign Frame Frame Sections
Select the frame section to be assigned on the members selected
---end of Part 3 (Section and Material Properties)
Part 4: LOADING
Define Load Patterns

Modify the Self Weight Modifier value to 0 (zero)
So the load to be assigned to the structure will not count the structures self weight as load.
Frame Distributed Load

Select the frame to be assigned with joint load
Assign Frame Loads Distributed
Adjust the frame distributed loads as the problem
Joint Load
SLOPE JOINT LOAD, USING LOCAL AXES
To assign a slope joint load, the local axes of the joint where the load shall be assigned must be
defined.
Select the joint
Assign Joint Local Axes
Adjust the appropriate axis to rotate the joint axes.
Assign joint load using Local Coordinate System.

Assign Joint Loads Forces
---end of Part 4 (Loading)
Part 5: ANALYSIS
Reduce the DOFs to be analyzed so the analysis process more efficient (uncheck the
unecessary DOFs.
Analyze Set Analysis Options
Analyze Set Load Cases to Run

Modal Case wont be necessary.
RUN
---end of Part 5 (Analysis)
RESULTS
Joint Forces
Display Forces/Stresses Joints
Shear and Moment Diagram

Display Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables
Shear Diagram
Moment Diagram
Displacement and Rotation at Joints

Display Show Deformed Shape
Structural Analysis Program is a great engineer with a terrible sense of engineering.

-2010

Static Structural Analysis Using Sap2000 For Truss and Frame (Beginner Level)

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STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS USING SAP2000

for TRUSS & FRAME

This tutorial belongs to:

Ikatan Mahasiswa Sipil

5 essential steps to perform static structural analysis of truss (2D) problem

Part 1: STRUCTURAL DETAILS

Define Grid System Data

Part 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

Select the joint (where the restraint shall be added)

---end of Part 2 (Boundary Conditions)

Part 3: SECTION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

this section properties is gathered from

Change the base unit to British Standard (lb, in, F)

W10x12 is a type of steel wide flange section.

Select all the members of the truss

---end of Part 3 (Section and Material Properties)

Change the base unit to N, m, C

Select the joint to be assigned with joint load

---end of Part 4 (Loading)

SIMPLIFICATION OF A 2D TRUSS STRUCTURE MODEL

Analyze Set Load Cases to Run

---end of Part 5 (Analysis)

Member Axial Forces

Displacement and Rotation at Joints

Problem: FRAME (Statically Indeterminate)

5 essential steps to perform static structural analysis of truss (2D) problem

Part 1: STRUCTURAL DETAILS

Define Grid System Data

Draw Draw Frame/Cable/Tendon

---end of Part 1 (Structural Details)

Part 2: BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

Select the joint (where the restraint shall be added)

---end of Part 2 (Boundary Conditions)

Part 3: SECTION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property

Concrete 70x40cm is a type of concrete rectangular section.

Select all the members of the frame

---end of Part 3 (Section and Material Properties)

Define Load Patterns

Frame Distributed Load

SLOPE JOINT LOAD, USING LOCAL AXES

Assign joint load using Local Coordinate System.

---end of Part 4 (Loading)

Analyze Set Load Cases to Run

---end of Part 5 (Analysis)

Shear and Moment Diagram

Displacement and Rotation at Joints

Structural Analysis Program is a great engineer with a terrible sense of engineering.

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