OVERVIEW

OF CIRCULATION

THE MAIN FUNCTION

OF THE CIRCULATION
TO SERVE THE NEEDS OF THE TISSUES
BY :
TRANSPORTING OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS
TO THE TISSUES,
TRANSPORTING AWAY WSTE PRODUCTS,
CARRYING HORMONES FROM ONE PART OF
THE BODY TO ANOTHER,
MAINTAINING HOMEODYNAMIC CONDITION
IN TISSUE FLUIDS OF OPTIMAL SURVIVAL
AND FUNCTION OF THE CELLS

THE CIRCULATION
DIVIDED INTO TWO PART
PULMONARY CIRCULATION,
WHICH SUPPLIES THE BLOOD TO THE
LUNGS

SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION,
WHICH SUPPLIES THE BLOOD TO THE
TISSUES ALL OF THE BODY

THE CIRCULATION IS THE

COMPLETE CIRCUIT

THE BLOOD VESSEL

THE CONECTING VESSEL: AORTIC
DISTRIBUTION VESSEL: MEDIUM AND
SMAL ARTERY
EXCHANGE VESSEL: CAPILARY
RESERVOIR VESSEL: VEIN

BLOOD VESSEL SYSTEM

ELASTIK RECOIL PD AORTA

THE FUNCTION PART OF THE

CIRCULATION
THE ABSORBER VESSEL (AORTA, LARGE
ARTERIES):TRANSPORT BLOOD UNDER HIGH
PRESSURE, RAPID BLOOD FLOW
THE RESISTANCE VESSEL (ARTERIOLE), CONTROL OF
BLOOD FLOW
THE EXCHANGE VESSEL (CAPILLARIES, VENULES):
WHICH EXCHANGE OF OXYGEN, NUTRIENS, FLUID
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES BETWEEN THE BLOOD AND
INTERSTITIIL FLUID
RESERVOIR VESSEL: CONDUITS AND RESERVOIRS OF
BLOOD

THE ARTERIOL AND CAPILARY

ARTERIOL
OR RESISTANCE VESSEL
TO CONTROL OF BLOOD FLOW TO THE
TISSUE:
RELAXATION OF SPHINCTER INCREASES
THE BLOOD FLOW
CONTRACTION OF SPHINCTER
DECREASES THE BLOOD FLOW

THE CAPILARY
OR AXCHANGE VESSEL
EXCHANGE OF:
O2 WITH CO2
NUTRIENT WITH WASTE PRODUCT
ETC.

END ARTERIES
SUPPLAY DISCRETE REGIONS OF
TISSUES THAT NOT DIRECT
ANASTOMOSES BETWEEN THEM
NO COLLATERAL SUPPLAY
IN THE HEART, LIVER, KIDNEY, BRAIN,
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

VEINS
LARGE OF LUMINA
THIN AND RELATIVELY NON MUSCULAR WALLS
RELATIVELY COMPRESSIBLE BY EXTERNAL FORCES
BLOOD FLOW
VALVES IN MANY VEIN, SUPPORT FLOW OF BLOOD
TOWARD THE HEART
PRESSURE GRADIENTS BETWEEN THE PHERIPHERAL
AND THE RIGHT HEART CONTROL VENOUS FLOW

ARTERIOVENOUS
ANASTOMOSES
DIRECT TRANSFER OF BLOOD FROM
ARTERIAL TO VENOUS CHANNELS
BYPASSING THE CAPILLARY BED
USUALLY ACCUR IN ORGANS THAT
FUNCTION INTERMITTENTLY : GUT, SKIN

BASIC CONTROL OF
CIRCULATORY FUNCTION
THE ABILITY OF EACH TISSUE TO CONTROL ITS
OWN LOCAL BLOOD FLOW IN PROPORTION TO
ITS METABOLIC NEEDS (AUTOREGULATION)
NERVUS CONTROL MORE GLOBAL FUNCTIONS:
REDISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD FLOW TO
DIFFERENT AREAS,
REGULATING HEART PUMPING,
RAPID CONTROL OF SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL
PRESSURE

DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD
CARDIAC
LUNG
ARTERIAL
ARTERIOLE
CAPILARY
VEIN

: 7%
: 9%
: 13 %
: 2%
: 5%
: 64 % (RESERVOIR
VESEL)

DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD
REST AND MOD.EXERCISE
Git
:
27% (1350)
Kidney :
20% (1000)
Skin
:
9% (450)
Brain :
13 % (650)
Cardiac :
3 % (150)
Muscle :
15% (750)
Bone, others: 13 % (650)
TOAL:
5000 ML/M

4.8% (600)
4.4% (550)
13.6%(1700)
5.2% (650)
4.4% (550)
64% ( 8000)
3.6% (450)
12.500 ML/M

THE DISTRIBUTION OF
BLOOD
KIDNEY, GIT, SKIN :
IMPORTANCE FOR HOMEOSTASIS THE DISTRIBUTION
OF BLOOD ACCORDING TO THE HUMAN CONDITION

THE BRAIN:
VERY IMPORTANCE ORGAN, ITS PERMANENT
NICROSIS WITHOUT BLOOD MORE THAN 4 MINUTE

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
EXTENSIVE NETWORK
VARIABLE LYMPHATIC VESSELS AND NODES
SERVE AS FILTERS AND SOURCE OF
LYMPHOCYTES AND PLASMA CELLS
THE LYMPHATIC VESSELS FROM THE
TISSUES FORWARD THE LYMPHATIC FLUID
TO THE RIGHT VENTRICEL THROUGH VENA
CAVA

LYMF CIRCULATION