Contents

Preface
List of Tables
1

xi
xiii

Traffic System Design Overview

1.1 Traffic Units

1.2 Traffic Calculations

1.2.1 Trunk-Group Traffic, 2
1.2.2 Server-Pool Traffic, 8
1.3 Traffic Assumptions
1.3.1 General Assumptions, 10
1.3.2 Number of Sources, 11
1.3.3 Disposition of Blocked Calls, 11
1.3.4 Holding-Time Distributions, 11
1.4 Grade of Service
1.5 Traffic Formulas and Tables
1.6 Computer Programs

10

12
14
16
vii

viii

Contents

Poisson Distribution

19

2.1 Poisson Formula

2.2 Poisson Computer Program
2.3 Poisson Traffic Capacity Tables

19
20
20

Erlang B Distribution

33

3.1 Erlang B Formula

33

3.2 Erlang B Computer Program

34

3.3 Erlang B Traffic Capacity Tables

34

3.4 High-Usage Traffic Capacity Tables

48

3.5 Peaked Traffic Capacity Tables

73

Erlang C Distribution

79

4.1 Erlang C Formula

79

4.2 Erlang C Computer Program

80

4.3 Erlang C Delay Loss Probability Tables

81

Binomial Distribution

131

5.1 Binomial Formula

131

5.2 Binomial Computer Program

132

5.3 Binomial Loss Probability Tables

132

Engset Distribution

147

6.1 Engset Formula

147

6.2 Engset Computer Program

148

6.3 Engset Loss Probability Tables

149

Contents

ix

Definitions

165

Glossary

171

Selected Bibliography

173

Index

175

List of Tables

1 -1
1-2
1-3
1 -4
1 -5
2-1
2-2
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-10

Traffic - Unit Conversion Chart

Typical Signaling Register Holding Times in Seconds
Typical Call-Attempt Dispositions
Typical Grade of Service Specifications
Traffic Formula Selection Guide
Poisson Traffic Capacity in Erlangs
Poisson Traffic Capacity in CCS
Erlang B Traffic Capacity in Erlangs
Erlang B Traffic Capacity in CCS
High-Usage Traffic Capacity in CCS (Trunks 1 to 4)
High-Usage Traffic Capacity in CCS (Trunks 5 to 8)
High-Usage Traffic Capacity in CCS (Trunks 9 to 12)
High-Usage Traffic Capacity in CCS (Trunks 13 to 16)
High-Usage Traffic Capacity in CCS (Trunks 17 to 20)
High-Usage Traffic Capacity in CCS (Trunks 21 to 24)
B.01 Peaked Traffic Capacity in CCS (Z = 1.0 to 2.4)
B.01 Peaked Traffic Capacity in CCS (Z = 2.6 to 4.0)

3
8
10
13
14
22
27
36
42
50
56
61
65
68
71
75
76
xiii

xiv

3-11
3-12
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
4-10
4-11
4-12
4-13
4-14
4-15
4-16
4-17
4-18
4-19
4-20
4-21
4-22
4-23
4-24
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-5
5-6
6-1
6-2
6-3

List of Tables

B.02 Peaked Traffic Capacity in CCS (Z = 1.0 to 2.4)

B.02 Peaked Traffic Capacity in CCS (Z = 2.6 to 4.0)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 2 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 3 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 4 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 5 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 6 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 7 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 8 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (/V = 9 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 10 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 11 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 12 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 13 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 14 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 15 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 16 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 17 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 18 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 19 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 20 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 21 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 22 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 23 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 24 Servers)
Erlang C Delay Loss Probability (N = 25 Servers)
Binomial Loss Probability (5=10 Sources)
Binomial Loss Probability (5 = 20 Sources)
Binomial Loss Probability (S = 30 Sources)
Binomial Loss Probability (5 = 40 Sources)
Binomial Loss Probability (S = 50 Sources)
Binomial Loss Probability (5 = 60 Sources)
Engset Loss Probability (S = 10 Sources)
Engset Loss Probability (S = 20 Sources)
Engset Loss Probability (S = 30 Sources)

77
78
83
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99
101
103
105
107
109
111
113
115
117
119
121
123
125
127
129
134
135
137
139
141
144
150
151
153

List of Tables

6-4
6-5
6-6

Engset Loss Probability (S = 40 Sources)

Engset Loss Probability (S = 50 Sources)
Engset Loss Probability (S = 60 Sources)

xv

155
158
161