Assume Di

Tube Di =1.5cm @ 0.015m

Lc= 8m

Shell Di = 1.5m

Assume the Tco and Tho

Tcout= 97oC (assumed)

Tcin= 48oC

= mCpT
= (18 kg/s ) x (4.18 kJ/kg.K) x (49K)
= 3686.76 kg/s

Assume that Qc/Qh =1 @Qc =Qh

Qh = MhCph Th , assume that oil is constant at any temperature

3686.76 kJ/s = (35kg/s) x (2.1 kJ/kg.K) x (175- Tho)K
3686.76 kJ/s = (73.5 kJ/s.K) x (175- Tho)K
(175- Tho)K

= 50.16K

-Tho

= -124.84

Tho

= 124.84 oC @ 397.84 K

Area of shell and tube

Tube

= DiL
= (0.015)(8m)
=0.3769 m2

Shell

= DiL
= (1.5) (8m)
= 37.6991m2

Find the velocity of water stream

V

= /PA
= (18kg/s) / (1000kg/m3) x (0.3769m2)
= 0.047758 m/s

Velocity of oil stream

V

= (35 kg/s) / (810.3 kg/m3) x (37.6991m2)

= 1.6284 m/s

Effectiveness

= Q/ Qmax
= Cc (Tco Tci) / Cm n T

Cn

= Mn Cpn
= (35 kg/s) (2440.632)
= 85422.12 W/ oC @ 85.422 kW/ oC

Cc

= Mc Cpc
= (18 kg/s) (4191.5)
=75447 W/ oC @ 75.447 kW/ oC

= Cmin/ Cmax
= 75.447/85.422
= 0.88 kW /oC

Tmax

= Thi Tci
= 175 48 oC
=127 oC

Qmax = Cmin Tmax

= 75.447 kW/ oC x 127 oC
= 9581.769 kW

Rate heat transfer

Q

= Tm/ RT
= 77.4185 oC/ 9.31968 x 10 -3 oC/W
= 8306.991227 W

Correction factor
R Tho-Thi/ Tci-Thi

= (124.84- 175)/ (48 175)

= -50.16 / -127
= 0.3949

P Tci- Tco/ Tho- Thi

= (48 97) /(124.84 175)

=-49/ -50.16
= 0.9768
F = 0.74

Overall heat transfer

U

= (8306 991227)/ (2.4504 x 77.4185 x 0.5)

= 87.57739263 W/ m3. oC

Tf
Cp

Pr
k

Hot fluid (oil)

149.92 oC
2440.632
5.334288 x 10-3
810.352
6.606472 x 10 -6
98.46
0.1327024

Cold fluid (H2O)

72.5 oC
4191.5
3.91 x 10 -4
976.1
2.0205 x 10 -5
2.295
0.665

m/fr
Tin , Tout
Pressure
Enter
Di
Do
L

Shell
35 kg/s
175 oC , 124.84 oC
5.5 bar
Shell = 0.00021 m2. oC/W
1.5m
2.5m
8m

Tube
18 kg/s
48 oC , 97 oC
9 bar
Tube = 0.0005 m2. oC / W
0.015m
0.025m
8m

Area of tube
Assume L = 8m
A

= DL
= (0.025) (8m)
=0.628 m2

Reynold num
Re = VD/

Calculate velocity
V= m / Ac

= (18kg/s) / ( 976.1 kg/ m3) x (2.4504 m2)

= 7.525 x 10 -3 m/s

Re

= VD/
= (7.525 x 10 -5 m/s) (0.015 m) / (2.0205 x 10 -5 m2/s)
= 5.5869

Heat coefficient
h = kNu/ D

Nu for cylinder
Nu

= 0.3 + [ (0.62 Re Pr 1/3) / (1+ (0.4/Pr)2/3)1/4 ]

[ 1+ (Re/ 282000) 5/8 ] 4/5
=0.3 + [ (0.62 (5.5869) (2.295) 1/3) / (1+ (0.4/2.295)2/3)1/4 ]
[ 1+ (5.5869/ 282000) 5/8 ] 4/5
= 0.3 + [ 1.93303/ 1.31202][1.000919636]
= 1.7746785

= kNu/ D
= 0.665 (1.7746785)/ 0.015
= 78.677 W/ m2. oC

NuD formula

Pressure refer to Prandtl number at surrounding temperature

Pressure at 80 oC = 499.3
NuD

= 0.52 (1539.867)0.5 (98.46) 0.36 (98.46 / 499.3) 0.25

= 70.9648

= kNu/ D
=0.1327024 (70.9648) / 1.5
= 6.278 W/ m2. oC

Determine thermal resistance

1
1
RT = +R fi + R wall +R fo+
hi
ho
Since the tubes are thin-walled, the

RT =

Rwall = 0

1
1
+0.0005+ 0+0.00022+
78.677
62.78

= 0.029
Determine the overall heat transfer coefficient, U with fouling factor

U=

U=

1
1
=
RT 1
1
+ R fi + R wall + Rfo +
hi
ho

1
0.029

U= 34.48
Calculated actual area, A
Q=UAF( T m
A=

Q
UF ( T m)

3686760
(34.48)(0.74)(77.4185)

= 1866.38 m 2
Determine Length, L
2

Di L
Tube=
4
2

1866.38
L

(0.015) (L)
4

= 10561550.32m

N=

10561550.32 m
8.0 m

= 1320193

Re = VD/
V

= m/A
= (35kg/s) / [(810.352 kg/m3) x ( 20.6166 m2)]
= 2.094 x 10 -3 m/s

Re

= VD/
= [(2.094 x 10-3 m/s ) x 1.5m] / (6.606472 x 10 -6 m2/s)
= 475.662541

From table 7-2 <arrangement in-line>

Nup = 0.52 Rep 0.5 Pr 0.36 (Pr/Prs)0.25

Vmax = (ST/ ST-D) V

= (0.0217m/ 0.0217m 0.015) (2.094 x 10 -3)
= 6.78206 x 10 -3 m/s
ReD

=Vmax D/
= 6.78206 x 10 -5 (1.5) / (6.606472 x 10 -6)
= 1539.867

Determine LMTD, Tm

Counter flow
1

= Thin Tout
= 175 -97
=78 oC

= Tout Thin
=124.84 48
= 76.84 oC

Tm

= 1 - 2 / (ln (1 / 2))
= (78 76.84) / ln (78/ 76.84)
= 1.16 / 0.01498
= 77.4185 oC

= 75.447 kW / oC (97-48) / (85.422 kW/ oC) (127)

= 0.3407

From table 11-5

Counter flow

NTU

= ( 1 / C-1) ln [ (-1)/( (-1))]

= (1/ 0.88-1) ln [ (0.3407 -1) / (0.3407 x 0.88) -1 ]
= -8.333 ln [ -0.6593/ -0.700184]
= 0.5013

From table 11-4

Counter flow
%

= [ 1- e (-NTU) (1-C)] / [ 1- ce (-NTU ) (1-C)]

= [ 1- e (-0.5013)( 1- 0.88)] / [ 1- 0.88e (- 0.5013) (1 0.88) ]
= 0.05838 / 0.171376
= 0.34065 x 100%
= 34.065

max

= [ 1- e (-NTU )] x 100 %
= 1 e (- 0.5013) x 100 %
= 39.425%