.

^vkioloigzouty

GD \rkgyk {yk oz }ozn ju{hrk yglkz* jk|oiky }nkt oz oy {ykj gz znk kw{ovsktzy }noin
sg* ig{yk jgsgmky zu n{sgt rolk ux gyykzyD @R~MZ{irkgx vu}kxB Ykjoigr kw{ovsktzB
aknoirkB _xgotB Nox vrgtkB Push{yzout gvvgxgz{yB Rtzkxzgotsktz ux ^glkz* jk|oik kziDA
Qw pd| fdxvh d iluh5 kxpdq olih ru dvvhwv7
HD Qu tuz {yk oz ot lrgssghrk mgy hkig{yk oz juky tuz ng|k gt k~vruyout vxuul
iutyzx{izoutD
Qw pd| fdxvh h{sorvlrq7

Pg{zout

GD Z\Z uvkt iurrkizux u{zv{z z*vk

Wuhvvxuh irup

Isshdudqfhv

]
K

Zwdqgdug suhvvxuh w|sh

Uhjdwlyh suhvvxuh w|sh
Krpsrxqg suhvvxuh w|sh

I
J

Yhjxodu vtxduh
Yljkw6dqjohg whwudjrq

\^NCFG

a
b

+GFFq\g

. Sxutz vgtkr ojktzoloigzout gtj l{tizout

3

9>=

a
b
c
d
e

I/ XRQ joyvrg*@]kjA C Llvsod| ghwhfwhg suhvvxuh5 hyhu| vhwwlqj ydoxh dqg glvsod| huuru
G u{zv{z otjoigzux@]kjA C Vxwsxw : lv VU5 SML zloo eh VU
H u{zv{z otjoigzux@\^N M ]kjB \^O M TxkktA C Vxwsxw ; lv VU5 SML zloo eh VU
Yujk qk* C Wdudphwhu vhwwlqj prgh ru suhvhw vhwwlqj prgh5 vdyh vhwwlqj ydoxh
`v qk* C Zhw wkh vhwwlqj ydoxh wr xsshu vwhs lq suhvhw vhwwlqj ru suhvvxuh xqlw5 rxwsxw prgh5
uhvsrqvh wlph5 dqdorj rxwsxw vfdoh5 nh| orfn5 shdn krog ydoxh5 erwwrp krog ydoxh
glvsod| lq sdudphwhu vhwwlqj
f Qu}t qk* C Zhw vhwwlqj ydoxh wr orzhu vwhs lq suhvhw vhwwlqj ru suhvvxuh xqlw5 rxwsxw prgh5
uhvsrqvh wlph5 dqdorj rxwsxw vfdoh5 nh| orfn5 shdn krog5 erwwrp krog glvsod|
lq sdudphwhu vhwwlqj7
g ]gtmk ul xgzotm vxkyy{xk C Qw lv srvvleoh wr fkdqjh wkh suhvvxuh xqlw lq Wuhvvxuh vhqvru7
Wohdvh xvh gliihuhqw xqlw dv odeho iru |rxu dssolfdwlrq7

,_nk ghu|k yvkioloigzout gxk ingtmkghrk }oznu{z tuzoik gt*zoskD

<9

;9

<9

<>7>

>7>
A7>

;9 *97: >

<9

:;7@

<>

:;6;=]LK

+Oxgiqkz

4]1Jurzq2

V\[:1Jodfn2

E WZV69; G

Vyhu fxuuhqw
surwhfwlrq flufxlw

:;6;=]LK

Srdg

Iqdorj yrowdjh
rxwsxw1Vudqjh2 Srdg

Nurqw
surwhfwlrq
fryhu
1WZV69;2

<9

9]1Joxh2

*GFFq\g CGFGDIq\g GFFq\g

Wdqho fxw6rxw
1Wdqho wklfnqhvv
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=:7>
^khq sxwwlqj iurqw fryhu

-\^O ykxoky

>=7;

@Judfnhw I

@Judfnhw J

Wuhvvxuh sruw
1T> ghswk >pp2

;7 Qw lv deoh wr xvh lw zlwkrxw wkh

suhvvxuh sruw dffruglqj wr
hqylurqphqw7
Qq wklv fdvh V6Ylqj ehwzhhq
suhvvxuh sruw dqg lwv erg|
vkrxog qrw eh wdnhq rxw lq rughu
qrw wr suhyhqw suhvvxuh ohdn7
<7 Wohdvh frqqhfw lw e| xvlqj vsdqqhu
1:9pp2 dw suhvvxuh sruw lq rughu
qrw wr ryhuordg rq wkh erg| zkhq
frqqhfwlqj rqh wrxfk ilwwlqj7
>

=@7;

. Niikyyux*
-\^N
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<? 497>
9

=9

.[khuh lv qr ryhu fxuuhqw surwhfwlrq flufxlw lq dqdorj yrowdjh rxwsxw w|sh7

Lr qrw frqqhfw wklv xqlw wr srzhu vrxufh ru fdsdflwlyh ordg gluhfwo|7
.Wohdvh revhuyh lqsxw lpshgdqfh ri frqqhfwhg htxlsphqw zkhq xvlqj dqdorj
yrowdjh rxwsxw7 Iqg eh vxuh zlwk yrowdjh gurs e| uhvlvwdqfh ri h{whqghg zluh7

-\^NE\^O
@Wuhvvxuh xqlw odeho

Trxqwlqj eudfnhw
1WZV69:2

\^NCFG

4
V\[;1^klwh2

9>=

;6;<7=
Trxqwlqj kroh1T< Jrow2

GY\g

Pg{zout

_nk zomnzktotm zuxw{k ul utk

zu{in lozzotm gtj nk~gmut
}xktin ynu{rj hk Yg~ GFZ@s
gtj HZ@sD Vz sg* ig{yk
skingtoigr zxu{hrkD

*FCEGEXVUDTY BFCEHIXVUDTYG FCEGEXVUDTYG FECGEXVUDTYG

*FICJE\^W BFICLE\^W FICJE\^W FIJCE\^W
*FCEEESR] BFCEFHSR] FCEEESR] FECEESR]
QFE
QFE
*LJEYYOV BLKEYYOV
*GMCJWZOV BGMCMWZOV

QFEE

QFEE

*FEGCEYYOGP BFEHCIYYOGP

QFEEE

QFEEE

QV^\XNc `ZV_ XNORX

Wdqho eudfnhw
1\^[CFG2
Jrg|
1\^N2
Wurwhfwlrq
fryhu
1\^[CFH2
Judfnhw sdqho

;6T; zuhqfk erow

Jrg|
V6Ylqj
Wuhvvxuh sruw
Ph{djrq zuhqfk erow
1T;+:92
Vqh wrxfk ilwwlqj

+Niikyyux*

E WZV69: G

Vyhu fxuuhqw
surwhfwlrq flufxlw

;>

+Niikyyux*

:n6

:7 Wuhvvxuh sruw lv T>7

Qw lv deoh wr xvh jhqhudo
rqh wrxfk ilwwlqj7

9]1Joxh2

Y
a

Srdg

V\[;1^klwh2

HD \Z\ uvkt iurrkizux u{zv{z z*vk

Ph{djrq
zuhqfk erow

@7 Iw iluvw5 sohdvh xqvfuhz kh{djrq

zuhqfk erow dqg dvvhpeoh wkh
eudfnhw rq wklv xqlw e| il{lqj wkh
kh{djrq zuhqfk erow7
Vt znoy igykB zomnzktotm zuxw{k
ul nk~gmut }xktin ynu{rj hk
sg~D IZ@sD Vz sg* ig{yk
skingtoigr zxu{hrkD

-\^O ykxoky

Vyhu fxuuhqw
surwhfwlrq flufxlw

UWU rshq froohfwru rxwsxw

WUW rshq froohfwru rxwsxw
:99nWd
:TWd

Vyhu fxuuhqw
surwhfwlrq flufxlw

Zsulqj zdvkhu

;6;=7;

4]1Jurzq2

V\[:1Jodfn2

:<pp vsdqqhu

Pg{zout

A7 Judfnhw1WZV69:2 dqg iurqw

surwhfwlrq fryhu1WZV69;2 duh
rswlrqdo wr vhoo7 Wohdvh vhh wkh
slfwxuhv iru lqvwdoodwlrq7

<? 497>
9

9:
Wuhvvxuh udqjh
:

>9

:97<

\
Vxwsxw

;A

Iqdorj yrowdjh
rxwsxw1Vudqjh2 Srdg

:n6

Tdlq flufxlw

FG

:= 497:
9
\^NCFG

. Vtv{zE[{zv{z ioxi{oz gtj iuttkizout jogmxgs

. [xjkxotm otluxsgzout
a

Wurwhfwlrq
^luh
^hljkw

;9 *97:

.N7Z7 C Ydwhg suhvvxuh7

.13:2N: prgh C Zw;1Lhwhfwlrq gliihuhqfh2 lv yduldeoh7

GD Qu tuz gvvr* znk vxkyy{xk hk*utj xgzkj vxkyy{xkD

Qw pd| fdxvh gdpdjh wr wklv xqlw7
HD Qu tuz {yk oz hk*utj vu}kx y{vvr*D
Qw pd| fdxvh gdpdjh wr wklv xqlw7
ID Qu tuz sgqk g ynuxz ioxi{oz lux znk rugjD
Qw pd| fdxvh gdpdjh wr wklv xqlw7
JD Qu tuz }oxk otiuxxkizr* ot vu}kx vurgxoz* kziD
Qw pd| fdxvh gdpdjh wr wklv xqlw7
KD Qu tuz {yk iuxxuyo|k mgy ux row{oj gy oz oy utr* lux tutCiuxxuyo|k mgyD
Qw pd| fdxvh gdpdjh wr wklv xqlw7
LD Qu tuz mo|k vu}kx zu ozy igyk ux z}oyz ozy igyk yzxutmr*D
Qw pd| fdxvh gdpdjh wr wklv xqlw7

\^ N

+Oxgiqkz O

WZI 5 Nurqw fdvhCWK5 Yhdu fdvhCWK1Qqvhuw jodvv25

Wuhvvxuh sruwCglh6fdvw1aq2
WZJ 5 Kdvh5 Wuhvvxuh sruwCWI
QW=91QMK vshflilfdwlrq2
;=5 >W5 ShqjwkC;p197;pp<2
WZI C Issur{7 :;9j5 WZJ C Issur{7 @9j

Tdwhuldo

=:

;>

>

]leudwlrq

Wruw soxj

?7 WZI vhulhv kdv ;nlqgv ri eudfnhwv

vr lw lv deoh wr lqvwdoo lw lq wzr
gliihuhqw zd|v7

;6;=7;

<B7=

Zsulqj zdvkhu
Ph{djrq
zuhqfk erow

_nk zomnzktotm zuxw{k ul utk zu{in

lozzotm ynu{rj hk Yg~ GFZ@sD
Vz sg* ig{yk skingtoigr zxu{hrkD

;9 *97: >

bgxtotm

;9
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:A7>

>

;A

=<7=

.[kh phdqlqj ri wkh pdun rq wkh surgxfw dqg pdqxdo lv dv iroorzvD

> lv d fdxwlrq pdun iru gdqjhu lq vshfldo frqglwlrq7

>

\^NCFG

Td{7 *;. N7Z7 ri glvsod| suhvvxuh dw ;>- zlwklq 9- wr >96:9- wr 4>9-1dw qrq6ghz vwdwxv2
6;9- wr 4?9-1dw qrq6iuhh}lqj vwdwxv2
<> wr A>.YP
<> wr A>.YP
:7>pp dpsolwxgh dw iuhtxhqf| ri :9 wr >>P}
lq hdfk ri _5 `5 a gluhfwlrqv iru ; krxuv

;9 *97:
:= 497:
9

;;

>

Iqdorj rxwsxw whpshu

6dwxuh fkdudfwhulvwlf
Ipelhqw whpshudwxuh
Zwrudjh whpshudwxuh
Ipelhqw kxplglw|
Zwrudjh kxplglw|

Qq fdvh d vhulrxv lqmxu| ru ghdg pd| eh rffxuuhg7

Qq fdvh d olwwoh lqmxu| ru gdpdjh ri wklv xqlw pd| eh rffxuuhg7

+Oxgiqkz N

bgxtotm
Pg{zout

>

W[:8A+@S

>7 Wohdvh frqqhfw lw e| xvlqj vsdqqhu

1:<pp2 dw wkh phwdo sduw lq rughu
qrw wr ryhuordg rq wkh erg| zkhq
frqqhfwlqj rqh wrxfk ilwwlqj7

:7?

.[kh phdqlqj ri 0^duqlqj0 dqg 0Kdxwlrq0 lv dv iroorzvD

:97>

=7 Wohdvh eorfn dqrwkhu wzr suhvvxuh

sruwv qrw xvhg zlwk sruw soxj7

:>

.Wohdvh nhhs -Kdxwlrq iru |rxu vdihw|- wr dyrlg dfflghqwv ru gdpdjhv dv xvlqj lw
fruuhfwo|7

<7 Wohdvh xvh vhdo wdsh dw sruw soxj

lq rughu wr suhyhqw suhvvxuh ohdn7

+GFFq\g

. Pg{zout lux *u{x yglkz*

Wuhvvxuh sruw C
W[:8A+@S

?7> :;

[kdqn |rx yhu| pxfk iru vhohfwlqj Ixwrqlfv surgxfwv7

Sux *u{x yglkz*B vrkgyk xkgj znk lurru}otm hkluxk {yotmD

:7 ^khq lqvwdoolqj suhvvxuh sruw lw

lv deoh wr eulqj suhvvxuh iurp <
gluhfwlrqv e| fkdqjlqj wkh
prxqwlqj gluhfwlrq ri wkh
suhvvxuh sruw7
;7 Wuhvvxuh sruw lv W[:8A7 Qw lv deoh
wr xvh jhqhudo rqh wrxfk ilwwlqj7

=>

\^O

Iwprvskhulf suhvvxuh
lqiorz kroh
B

\^N

:<

=>

:>7>

;<

=;

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;6T<
Ph{djrq
zuhqfk erow

;9

\^NCFG

;A7;

<9

<A7>

<=

Mqylurqphqw

-\^N ykxoky

+\xuj{iz

\^NCFG
\^OCFG

\^NCPFG
\^NCG
UWU rxwsxw
\^OCPFG
\^OCG
Trgho
\^NCG\
\^NCaFG\
\^NCFG\
\^NCPFG\
WUW rxwsxw
\^OCG\
\^OCaFG\
\^OCFG\
\^OCPFG\
Ydwhg suhvvxuh udqjh 979 wr 6:9:7<nWd 9 wr :9979nWd
9 wr :5999nWd 6:9979 wr :99nWd
Llvsod| suhvvxuh udqjh >79 wr 6:9:7<nWd 6>79 wr ::979nWd 6>9 wr :5:99nWd 6:9:7; wr ::9nWd
:7> wlphv ri
; wlphv ri
Td{7 suhvvxuh udqjh
; wlphv ri udwlqj suhvvxuh
udwlqj suhvvxuh udwlqj suhvvxuh
Issolfdeoh ioxlg
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Wrzhu vxsso|
:;]6;=]LK *:9.1Ylssoh W6WCTd{7 :9.2
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Td{7 >9pI
@UWU rshq froohfwru rxwsxw 5 Td{7 Zlqn fxuuhqwCTd{7 :99pI5
Issolhg yrowdjhCTd{7 <9]LK5 Yhvlgxdo yrowdjhCTd{7 :]
Krqwuro rxwsxw
@WUW rshq froohfwru rxwsxw 5
Td{7 Zrxufh fxuuhqwCTd{7 :99pI5 Yhvlgxdo yrowdjhCTd{7 ;]
:gljlw il{hg1Jxw svl xqlwC;gljlw il{hg2
;gljlw il{hg
P|vwhuhvlv13:2
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N7Z7 *;gljlw
Yhvsrqvh wlph
Zhohfwdeoh ;7>pv5 >pv5 :99pv5 >99pv
Zkruw flufxlw surwhfwlrq
Jxlow6lq
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@ahur srlqwC^lwklq :]LK *;. N7Z7 @ZsdqC^lwklq =]LK *;. N7Z7
Iqdorj rxwsxw
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nWd5 nji8fp<5
nWd5 nji8fp<5
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ppP;V5 lqPj
ppP;V5 lqPj
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Td{7 *;. N7Z7
Td{7 *:. N7Z7
frqwuro rxwsxw dqg
ri glvsod| suhvvxuh dw ;>- zlwklq 9- wr >9glvsod| whpshudwxuh

Tdlq flufxlw

Krpsrxqg
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Zwdqgdug suhvvxuh w|sh

:<7=

:<52:<6 <7;87<

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:A7=

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. Vtyzgrrgzout

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<:7>

QVTV_NX \]R^^`]R ^RZ^[]

. Qosktyouty
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1\qlwCpp2

\rkgyk jut?z {yk yvgttkx zu

otyzgrr gy oz sg* ig{yk
skingtoigr zxu{hrkD

. [{zv{z uvkxgzout sujk

-\gxgskzkx ykzzotm

,WZI1J2 vhulhv kdv ? nlqgv ri rxwsxw rshudwlrq prgh5 sohdvh xvh surshu rxwsxw
rshudwlrq prgh lq dffrugdqfh zlwk ghwhfwlrq7
+U*yzkxkyoy sujk@SCGA

:7 Wuhvvxuh glvsod| xqlw5 rxwsxw rshudwlrq prgh5 uhvsrqvh wlph1Kkdwwhulqj suhyhqwlrq25

Iqdorj rxwsxw vfdohv5 nh| orfn7
;7 Wohdvh vhw sdudphwhu diwhu xqorfnlqj orfn ixqfwlrq zkhq orfn ixqfwlrq lv vhw7
1Wohdvh vhh ehorz nh| orfn vhwwlqj2

Qw lv deoh wr vhw fhuwdlq ydoxh iru suhvvxuh ghwhfwlrq ohyho1Zw:2 dqg k|vwhuhvlv1Zw;27

]`Z sujk

Wuhvvxuh

Y vxkyy suxk zngt IykiD

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Zw:
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VU
VNN
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V\[;
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V\[:

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VU
VNN
V\[; VU
VNN
V\[:

Zw:
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VU
VNN
SCI
V\[; VU
VNN
VU
V\[:
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SCJ
VU
V\[;
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V\[:

1Wuhvvlqj Y nh| vkruwo|5 wkh xqlw zloo eh vdyhg5 wkhq pryh wr wkh qh{w prgh72
.^khq xvlqj ppP;V xqlw5 sohdvh pxowlso| glvsod| ydoxh e| :997

Y vxkyy utk zosk

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1Wuhvvlqj Y nh| vkruwo|5 wkh rxwsxw rshudwlrq prgh zloo eh vdyhg5 wkhq pryh wr
wkh qh{w prgh72

+
dqg suhylrxv vhw uhvsrqvh wlph zloo iolfnhu lq 97>vhf7 e| wxuqv7
+ Zhohfw wkh uhvsrqvh wlph e| 1 5 2 nh|7

Ntgrum u{zv{z yigrk ykzzotm@GaQPA

+
dqg suhylrxv vhw suhvvxuh zloo iolfnhu lq 97>vhf7 e| wxuqv7
+Zhw wkh suhvvxuh ydoxh zklfk >]LK zloo eh rxwsxwwhg e| 1 5 2 nh|7
Iydlodeoh vhwwlqj udqjh C
eNCGf4:9. ri udwlqj suhvvxuh , eNCKf , Td{7 ydoxh ri udwlqj suhvvxuh

Y\U prgh

+
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+Qi suhvvlqj 1 nh| vkruwo| rqh wlph5 fxuuhqw ghwhfwlrq suhvvxuh zloo eh vhw
ghwhfwlrq ohyho :5
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Y vxkyy utk zosk

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+
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ghwhfwlrq ohyho ;5 wkhq
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e| wxuqv7
Mqdeoh vhwwlqj udqjh C
Zw: 4 :. ri udwhg suhvvxuh , Zw; , Td{7 ydoxh ri vhwwlqj udqjh
.Qi gliihuhqfhv ri ehwzhhq Zw: dqg ghwhfwlrq ohyho duh qrw hqrxjk
zloo
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ilqdoo|7
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+

dqg ghwhfwlrq ohyho1Zhw2 zloo iolfnhu lq 97>vhf7 e| wxuqv7

1Zw: 4 Zw;2
Zhw F
;
+Igmxvw ghwhfwlqj ohyho1Zhw2 e| 1 5 2 nh|v5 zkhq ilqh dgmxvwphqw ri wkh
ghwhfwlqj ohyho1Zhw2 lv qhhghg7 1Mqdeoh dgmxvwphqw udqjhCJhwzhhq Zw: dqg Zw;2
Y vxkyy utk zosk1Zdyhg lq MMWYVT2

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+
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+ Zhohfw nh| orfn e| 1 5 2 nh|7

Lhwhfwlrq ohyho : vhwwlqj

1Zw:5 Sr2

Lhwhfwlrq ohyho ; vhwwlqj

1Zw;5 Pl2

]kz{xt zu ]`Z sujk

.^khq suhvvlqj Y nh| iru ryhu <vhf7 iru vhwwlqj lw zloo uhwxuq wr Y\U prgh
phprul}lqj vhw ydoxh vr idu dw MMWYVT7 Iovr5 li qr nh| wrxfkhg iru ?9vhf7
lw zloo glvsod| suhylrxv vhwwlqj ydoxh zlwk ljqrulqj fxuuhqw vhwwlqj7
.Zhwwlqj gdwd zloo eh nhsw e| MMWYVT hyhq wkrxjk wkh srzhu rii7
Jxw5 qrwh wkdw wkh olih f|foh ri MMWYVT lv :995999 wlphv7

-\xkykz |gr{k ykzzotm

Whdn krog

Jrwwrp krog

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