Should Tablets Belong in the Classroom?

The Dilemma of Our

Technologically Advancing World

Jared Mabanglo
Mrs. Scott
March 5, 2015
3rd Hour

Should Tablets Belong in the Classroom? The Dilemma of our Technologically

Advancing World

I.

Introduction: In the classroom, tablets prove to be more beneficial to students

than textbooks.

II.

Learning Material
A.
Ease of Learning
B.
Higher Accuracy/Efficiency
C.
Personalized Learning
1.
Choice of Applications
2.
Not One-Size-Fits-All
3.
Help for Struggling Students

III.

Technological Features
A.
Storage
1.
Amount of Space
2.
Ability To Store
B.
Weight
1.
Compared To Textbooks
2.
Back Injuries
C.
Communication
1.
With Students
2.
With Teachers
3.
With Parents
D.
Versatility
1.
Updating Textbooks
2.
Virtual Cloud

IV.

Saving Money/Eco-Friendly
A.
Textbooks
1.
Cost of Paper
2.
Paper Usage In School
3.
Harm to the Environment
B.
Tablets
1.
Cost of Tablets
2.
Comparison of Costs
3.
Help to the Environment

V.
Conclusion: Tablets in the classroom serve as a benefit to both teachers and
students
much more than textbooks do.

Search Story:

As you walk into a typical classroom, what do you see? Students sitting in their
desks, a teacher conducting a lesson, a whiteboard, worksheets, pencils, paper, and
textbooks. What was that again? Thats right, textbooks. Over the years, textbooks have
been a key tool for instruction in schools all around the world. Yet, this world is ever
changing. We have seen a tremendous advancement in our technology over the past
50 years, and one of the newest additions to this technologically advancing world is the
electronic tablet. The electronic tablet can be used to conduct multiple tasks. It can
take pictures, access the Internet, hold files, and do much more. Recently, though there
has been quite an intense debate as to if tablets should be used in schools. 77% of
teachers found technology to increase student motivation to learn, according to the
survey conducted by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) (Tablets vs. Textbooks).
Along with that, 81% of K-12 teachers believe that tablets enrich classroom education
(Tablets vs. Textbooks). Tablets now a days are becoming ever more popular in
schools, and there is no doubt about that. More and more schools are making the push
towards electronically based classrooms. They say that tablets can hold hundreds of
textbooks, save the environment by lowering the amount of printing, increase student
interactivity and creativity, and that digital textbooks are cheaper than print textbooks
(Tablets vs. Textbooks). Due to these multiple, helpful benefits, in the classroom,
tablets prove to be much more beneficial to students that textbooks.
After completing the lengthy process of producing a research paper, I realize
now how far I have come to get to this point. Choosing a topic was a very important
decision to make, being that for the next month of my life, I would be constantly
learning more about that topic, becoming completely absorbed into it. So choosing a
topic that was appealing to me would be critical. That is why I chose the quite

controversial topic of tablets in education. This subject really caught my attention while
we were conducting our topic search because the topic of tablets for use in education
is a topic close to home for me. In our own school, tablets are now being used instead
of textbooks for students, and I thought that learning about why our school would
consider swapping out textbooks for tablets would be quite interesting to find out.
The next step in the process was collecting our sources. For this part of the
process, I had a rough start at first because I did not know how to word my keyword
search correctly. Along with that, because my topic is generally new, when I started my
search for sources in the more general databases, I ran into a wall. Once I found the
Computer Database, my source searching in the databases from that point on was
smooth sailing. We were required to collect at least ten sources from the Michigan
eLibrary (MeL) Databases, and I was able to get ten relevant sources within the first two
days. We also had to get a minimum of two C.R.A.P. Test sources, which are sources
that our found outside the MeL Databases. For each source outside of MeL, we had to
conduct the C.R.A.P. test, which tested the currency (C.), reliability (R.), authority of the
author/organization (A.), and the purpose/point of view (P.) of that source. This made
sure that our sources out of the databases were able to provide accurate, unbiased,
and reliable information for our research, and I was able to collect four of these.
After finding all of my sources, I had to create an individual source card for
each. This, by far, was one of the easiest steps of the process. A source card was just a
slip of paper that we recorded some important information on that would help us when
creating our bibliographies later on. We had two types of source cards, one type for
MeL sources, and another for website sources, which we would fill out correspondingly.

These cards asked us to record some simple information, such as the authors, article
title, page number, copyright date, and so forth. This information was very easy to find
on the MeL sources, being that all of that information was right at the very top of the
first page. If you could not find it there, there was also a source citation at the end,
including all of the needed information. So as you probably can tell, filling out the MeL
source cards was a breeze. Filling out the website source cards was slightly more
challenging though. All of the information was not always right in front of your face, so
some searching was required. Other than that, the source cards were simple and
sweet, and easy to complete.
Once I completed my source cards, the next step was to create our thesis
statements. We were required to write three thesis statements, and I found this part of
the process relatively easy. I have written multiple thesis statements before, so writing
thesis statements did not present a challenge to me. We were encouraged to make
our thesis statements strong, and to the point, and I was able to do so. After completing
our thesis statements, we had to create our working outline. This part did slightly
challenge me because I did not really know much about my topic, so I only had a
vague idea of how to organize my paper. So I just used common sense, and came up
with three major topics to talk about: Learning Material, Technological Features, and
Saving Money. Other than that minor setback, everything else went fine.
The next step was writing our notecards, which would become quite the
marathon. We had to complete a minimum of 50 notecards overall, so our goal was to
complete at least 10 notecards a day. My very first source was loaded with information,
so getting started was no problem at all. This source was ProCon.org, and it was the

biggest help in getting to learn more about my topic. ProCon.org listed both the pros
and cons of tablets in schools, and it really helped me to get a better grasp on where I
was going with my topic in my research paper. This website source also helped to put
all of the information into simple categories, making organizing my paper much easier.
This source was so helpful, that I was able to get 20 notecards from just that one source!
I was off to an excellent start, and I was having quite a bright outlook to how the rest of
this research project was going to go. After that first source though, all of the free
flowing information came to a halt. So much so, that for the next two sources, I was only
able to get five notecards from both sources! The majority of the information that I
found in those two sources was already covered by my first source, so I could not
repeat that information. I could not find anything new in the next few sources, but after
I got out of that rut, I was able to get quite a few more. By the end of that week,
thankfully, I was able to get a total of 54 cards.
Once that gargantuan step was complete, the next step was to conduct an
interview or a poll. This was a new concept that I have never once experienced while
writing a paper. I actually thought that this was quite a fun and unique experience.
After constructing my poll questions, gathering the results was very simple. When
available, I would ask my volunteers my five statements, and all I would need was just
an Agree, Disagree, or Neutral answer. Then I would record these findings in a chart.
Once I gathered all of my results, I had to tally up all of the responses, and find the
percentages of the people who agreed, disagreed, and were neutral, which was very
simple math. After completing that last step, that was all that was needed for my poll,
finally ending the research portion of my project.

Poll Results:
For our research paper, we had the choice of either conducting a poll, or an
interview. I chose the poll because I thought that it would give me a more unbiased,
general consensus as to which the public prefers between tablets and textbooks. If I
interviewed somebody, my information would probably be much more one-sided. The
majority of people today do not know the specifics about the use of tablets in
education, so finding someone who had a certain opinion about the topic, or even
know anything about it for that matter, to interview would be quite difficult to do.
Knowing this, I felt that conducting a poll would be a much wiser course for my subject.
The poll that we conducted required that we survey ten people in total. In order
to keep our poll results unbiased, coming from all different points of view, it was
suggested that we survey three Larson students, three Larson teachers, three family
members, and one other. The Larson students that I polled were Shreya Shrivatsan, Jett
Li, and Alex Chen, and the Larson teachers were Mrs. Lee, Mrs. Murphy, and Mr.
Mignano. My family members that were willing to give input for my survey were my
mother, my Aunt Maribel, and my Uncle Romeo, and I also was able to get the input of
my kind neighbor, Mr. Nallabelli. All of the people who I surveyed did have at least a
general idea about my topic, so the results that I got were not merely just guesses. They
were very honest opinions that gave me some intriguing results that would actually be
quite surprising!
In order to gather our results, we first had to construct five poll questions that we
would ask each of our volunteers. These questions would be written in statement
format, and would be answered with one of the following simple responses: Agree,

Disagree, or Neutral. Once I came up with my five key questions, I would then ask each
of my volunteers the questions and record their responses in a table. After collecting
their responses, I totaled up the amount of votes, and calculated the percentages.
What I found did quite surprise me!
My first question was, Tablets are beneficial for students in school. Out of the
ten people that I surveyed, 50% agreed with the statement, 30% disagreed, and 20%
remained neutral. This surprised me quite a bit, because there was no specific answer
that the majority of people would give. People in general have a very mixed opinion
about question one, which I found to be quite interesting. This is probably because
each person has a different background with using technology, leading to quite varied
responses. For question two, I asked, Tablets will save schools more money than
textbooks will in the long run. In response to that question, 70% agreed with that
statement, 0% disagreed, and 30% kept a neutral standing. My third question read, The
added technological benefits of tablets are great for learning in school. For this one,
50% agreed with the statement, 20% disagreed, and 30% were neutral. Once again, the
responses were very mixed. This, once again, probably is due to the fact that not
everybody has a positive opinion about technology. Some people view it as a very
helpful tool for us today, while others believe that tablets are just a distraction to what is
truly important: studies! The fourth question that I asked stated, Tablets may serve as a
distraction to students. The overwhelming majority agreed (90%), 0% disagreed, and
only 10% remained neutral. Although this may seem like quite a shocking statistic, I was
not really that amazed. I knew that if people just used their common sense, of course
tablets could prove to be a distraction for children, and this poll just confirmed my

theory. Lastly, my fifth question was, Electronic tablets are more eco-friendly than
paper textbooks. For this one, 60% agreed, 20% disagreed, and 20% were neutral.
Search Findings:
Tablets prove to be better tools for education because of how they enhance the
way students learn in school. First of all, tablets promote ease of learning for students of
all ages. The technological advancements that tablets provide for use in the classroom
really make learning much more fun and memorable. Using tablets encourage students
to actually be able to understand what they are learning, instead of just guessing
(Tapping into a Tablet-Savvy Future). This allows for a more genuine learning
experience for all students, and that is what school is all about, learning! Textbooks do
not provide the wonderful features that tablets do to help students learn more easily,
making school much more memorable and fun. History can be a difficult subject for
most young ones to learn. But with tablets, history comes alive through interactive
eBooks, videos, and even games that help the student to better grasp the concept of
what is being taught (Tablets as Panacea for Schools). History can become very
bland at times when just reading words on a page. This can lead to boredom in the
students, not allowing them to get a full grasp of the idea that is being taught, which is
of no benefit to them. With tablets, however, videos and eBooks along with interactive
games and fun activities help students to enjoy what they are learning, rather than
letting learning become a burden. None of this is available with textbooks either,
rendering them more obsolete with far fewer features than tablets. Leann Widhalm, a
special education instructor at Northfolk Junior High in Nebraska, said, I see students
holding down a word to get the meaning of it when before they would just go on and

hope to get the definition from context. (lvarez). Features such as a built-in dictionary
and many others allow students to get a much better understanding of what they are
reading, making learning much easier. All of these technological enhancements really
bring the tablet up to the next level when compared to textbooks in how they promote
ease of learning.
Another way in which tablets prove to be superior to textbooks is in the accuracy
of the way students learn with tablets. This can be seen ever clearly in simply
standardized test results alone. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt created a digital version of an
Algebra 1 Textbook, and tested in in Californias Riverside Unified School District. Those
students who learned using the electronic version scored 20% higher on standardized
tests versus students who used regular textbooks (Tablets vs. Textbooks).That is quite a
large difference, considering that the only variable that was changed in their teaching
methods was the use of electronic tablets! This is clearly evidence of how tablets can
help students learn more accurately. According to the U.S. Department of Education
and studies conducted by the National Training and Simulation Association,
technology-based instruction can reduce time students take to reach a learning
objective by 30-80% (Tablets vs. Textbooks). This study also proves that tablets are
superior to textbooks, because tablets make learning in the classroom much more
efficient. By increasing the speed that students take to reach learning objectives while
maintaining high accuracy, tablets prove to be the ultimate teaching and learning tool
for students, and multiple experiences from schools around the world can attest to that.
In 2010, Howard High School of Technologys students, of which half perform below
state average, was 18% below average in reading, and 15% below average in math.
After only two years of implementing iPads, Howards students are now performing 4%

above average in reading, and 9% above average in math (iPad in Education

Results). This just proves what tablets can do for schools that use them. After just two
years of implementing these tablets, Howards students improved by 22% in reading
scores, and 21% in math scores! No doubt, teachers at this school have probably been
working for many years to try to raise their students performance to at least an
average level, but the fact that the students there are now performing above
statewide average after just two years of using tablets is just stunning. This is especially
true because half of the incoming students at that school are already performing
below state average! If tablets can bring up a school where most students are not
where they should be to at least average in only two years, imagine what they can do
for multiple other schools around the world! This goes to show how much unlocked
potential tablets have for use in schools.
Furthermore, tablets are also much better than textbooks in how they allow for
personalized learning for all students. On tablets, students also have a choice of apps,
which makes it easier to make a more personal learning environment (Traditional
Teaching with Digital Tools). Thousands of apps exist for education and tutoring
allowing teachers to tailor student learning to that students individual learning style or
personality, instead of a one-size fits all approach (Tablets vs. Textbooks). This has
always been a problem with textbooks, because with textbooks, the learning style and
layout has already been chosen, and is set and stone. This proves to be a tremendous
disadvantage to those who just cannot learn material by reading words on a page.
With textbooks, visual learners are able progress quite rapidly, while those who do not
posses that learning style, such as the audio and kinesthetic learners, are struggling
behind. This proves to be quite unfair and frustrating to those who cannot learn any

other way but their preferred method, discouraging the student to excel, making school
a frustrating, dreaded place. On the other hand, this is where the beauty of the tablet
shines. Tablets allow for complete customization of learning. Students will be able to
choose certain applications that better fit their learning style, and thus will be much
more comfortable with learning. Online textbooks also have multiple features such as
audio recordings and educational games that help address everybodys individual
learning style, allowing everybody to learn with comfort. To go along with that thought,
tablets allow students to learn at their own individual pace. This is another area in which
the tablet shines. Tablets bridge the gap for students who find it difficult to keep up with
class. The teacher will be able to monitor individual students progress and pay
attention to those who need additional attention (Tapping into a Tablet-Savvy
Future). Now, students who work at a slower pace will be finally able to keep up. This
also helps teachers do the best that they can to meet every individual students needs.
By allowing teachers to monitor each students progress, teachers can conclude which
students might benefit from a more aggressive, fast-paced learning style, or those who
might need assistance. This, once again, attests to why tablets are a great tool for use in
school.
Another way that tablets prove textbooks inferior is by the abundance of
technological features that tablets have that textbooks cannot live up to. First on the
list, is the tremendous ability that tablets have to store all types of files. The average
tablet contains anywhere from 8 to 64 gigabytes (GB) of storage space. On the
Amazon Kindle Fire, for instance, 1,000 books take up only 1 GB of space (Tablets vs.
Textbooks). This is quite amazing. With tablets, students have the ability to carry around
just one tablet, but in reality they have a whole librarys worth of books sitting in the

palm of their hand. This allows students to not have to lug around four or five textbooks
every day, making sure to take care of each individual one. With tablets, all of the
students textbooks are consolidated into one, compact object, allowing for extra
convenience. Tablets can hold hundreds of textbooks on one device, along with
quizzes, homework and other files, eliminating the need for storage of books and
classroom materials (Tablets vs. Textbooks). This eliminates the need for students to
use countless loose sheets of paper for school assignments that are prone to getting
lost. With a tablet, all of your homework, quizzes, tests, you name it, can be stored in
one place. Quizzes and Tests can also be turned in and graded all online, eliminating
the need for paper at all, keeping the classroom much more organized. Tablets also
have the ability to expand their memory to hold even more information than before
(lvarez). Therefore, students will not have a problem having to keep together all of
their assignments on one tablet. This is much more desirable than having to lug multiple
textbooks, binders, assignments, papers, and other classroom materials from class to
class, proving textbooks much more useful.
Another outstanding feature that tablets have is how incredibly lightweight they
are. If you compared the weight of a tablet with 3,500 e-textbooks on it to the weight of
textbooks, the same number of physical textbooks would weigh approximately 4,000
pounds! A 4 GB tablet filled with 3,500 e-books weighs a billionth of a billionth of a gram
more than if it were empty of data-a difference that is approximately the same weight
of a molecule of DNA (Tablets vs. Textbooks)! This just proves how much more
reasonable it would be to use a tablet than to use textbooks. This is especially true due
to the fact that during the 2011-2012 school year more than 13,700 U.S. children, aged
5 to 18, were treated in hospitals and doctors offices for backpack related injuries

(Tablets vs. Textbooks). This may be quite shocking to some, but the evidence does
attest to the fact that extremely heavy textbooks can lead to student injury. Carrying a
textbook back and forth to school every day for every subject can become quite a
hassle, and when not handled properly can lead to very serious injury. Overly heavy
backpacks can cause serious injuries such as contusions, sprains and strains to the back
and shoulders, along with fractures (Tablets vs. Textbooks). With tablets however, this
problem is completely resolved. Unlike with textbooks, all students need to carry is one
single item. All of their textbooks, papers, assignments, and other related school work is
stored in this singular device which does not require even having to place anything on
your back. The average weight of a tablets is between 0.75 and 2 lbs., compared to
the weight of an average backpack (3-4 textbooks) at 15.4 lbs (Tablets vs. Textbooks).
That is at least a 13.4 lbs. difference! This is a definite reason why tablets prove to be
much more reasonable for students.
Thirdly, tablets, unlike textbooks, allow for back and forth communication
between students, teachers, and parents alike. This is unheard of with textbooks! Tablets
allow students to be able to immediately connect with teachers and other peers to
help solve their problems (Tapping into a Tablet-Savvy Future). This is extremely
helpful, because it allows students to get the most out of what they are learning. By
allowing students to have open communication with other students and teachers,
students are able to collaborate and help each other with solving any issues that arise.
Along with that, communication with the teacher is also extremely important. Unlike
with textbooks where you have to wait until the next day to receive an answer for a
question that you may have on an assignment, open communication with the teacher
is available on tablets, allowing the teacher to assist you, which helps you to keep pace

with the rest of the class. Along with being able to immediately detect and solve
problems, reminders can be given by teachers through tablets (Tapping Into a TabletSavvy Future). This can be a very helpful tool for both teachers and forgetful students.
By allowing teachers to remind their students about an upcoming test or an assignment
that is due, tablets help keep everybody on the same page as to what is going on in
class. So students can no longer use the excuse of Oh, I forgot. Also, teachers can
keep in touch with parents via email on their tablets to make sure that parents are
being constantly updated with what their child is doing in school. Yet another feature
that tablets have that textbooks cannot offer.
Tablets also have the advantage of being incredibly versatile. They can easily be
updated when a new edition of an e-textbook comes out, unlike textbooks, which
need to be constantly replaced when new versions come out (Tablets vs. Textbooks).
This can be incredibly helpful, because on tablets, the new information or new edition
of a textbook is available to you spontaneously, and can be put to use right away. On
the plus side, new editions of textbooks usually come free of charge with your current
online subscription on a tablet. With textbooks, however, you still must place an order of
an entirely new set of textbooks for the entire school, wait for it to be shipped to the
school, label and sort out all of the textbooks once they arrive, and then distribute it to
the students to use. This process can eventually take months to complete, wasting
valuable instruction time that can be used to be teaching new, revised material. Along
with that, your files on your tablet can be stored on virtual cloud servers, and can be
downloaded onto any other location allowing for more flexibility and convenience
(Tablets vs. Textbooks). This is very helpful because it allows you to be able to take
your work with you and be able to access it at any time, on any device. This allows you

to start your work on one device, and then complete it on another, which can be of
great help! Also, if something does malfunction on your tablet, and your files get
deleted, all of your files can easily be re-downloaded on to your tablet as if nothing
happened. If this happened with textbooks though, and you accidentally lost your one
sheet of homework, too bad for you! This is yet another reason why tablets are so much
more useful than textbooks.
Lastly, tablets prove to be a much better tool to use in school because of how
they save money for schools and because how they help our environment. It is actually
quite surprising how much paper the average school uses in one year. A school with
100 teachers uses on average 250,000 pieces of paper annually. If a school had 1,000
students, they would spend between $3,000-4,000 a month on just paper, ink, and
toner. This does not include printer wear and tear or technical support costs (Tablets
vs. Textbooks). Imagine how much money that would add up to by the end of the
year! If a school was to spend $4,000 for the 10 months of school that we have, that
would be $40,000 right out of the budget just on paper alone! Along with that, imagine
how many trees would be used to make all of that paper. If a school spends $50,000 on
paper in a school year, once calculated, that would equal about 5,955,000 sheets of
paper, which consumes 74 trees (Moffett)! That is terrible for our environment!
Tablets, however, solve a lot of those problems. Even though the initial price of
tablets may be costly, they are not as expensive, in reality, as buying tons of textbooks.
The thousands of textbooks they can hold can be used to offset their costs
(Schumacher). Schools do not have to buy new textbooks each time a new edition
comes out, allowing the schools to save quite a large amount of money. Along with

that, as tablet prices continue to drop, they become much more affordable. Tablets
cost on average $489 in 2011, $386 in 2012, and are projected to cost $263 in 2015
(Tablets in Education). As the price of tablets decreases each and every year, in the
future, there will be no question as to if tablets are less expensive than textbooks. Etextbooks on tablets cost on average 50-60% less than print textbooks. According to a
2012 report from the Federal Communications Commissions (FCC), K-12 school districts
spend more than $8 billion per year on textbooks (Tablets vs. Textbooks). That is
almost unbelievable. There is no doubt that tablets are a much wiser choice for schools
in the long run, and this is especially true when dealing with the costs, as well as our own
environment. Everybody is concerned over paper usage, wastage, said Brian Gilroy,
assistant provost at Zayed University. With an iPad, you dont just get that. We already
see a remarkable drop in paper use and the need to print things out (Hamdan (L)).
Tablets help with the effort to reduce paper usage, due to the fact that everything on it
is electronic. Not one single paper is needed when using tablets, therefore eliminating
the need for paper completely, saving trees, and proving tablets a much better choice
than textbooks.
In conclusion, tablets in the classroom serve as a benefit to both teachers and
students much more than textbooks do. First of all, tablets prove to be better tools for
education than textbooks because of how they enhance the way students learn in
school. This is because tablets promote ease of learning for students of all ages, allow
for high efficiency in learning while still maintaining a high accuracy level, and by giving
the students the opportunity of personalized learning. Next, the technological features
that tablets offer put them far above textbooks. These include an incredible amount of
storage space, being extremely lightweight, allowing open communication between

parents, students, and teachers, and by offering unmatched versatility. Lastly, the
amount of money tablets save schools along with how they help protect our
environment prove that tablets are the best choice for all schools. All throughout history,
textbooks have always played a key role in classroom education. With our
technologically advancing world however, things are changing, and fast. Even in the
past 50 years, we have gone from bulky, huge cellular phones to smart phones, tablets,
and high-tech computers. So imagine what our world will look like 50 years from now.
When you walk into that classroom once again, what do you think the students will be
holding, tablets, or textbooks?

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