30 1

OHN10109221069
-

Arjmand_hadi@yahoo.com

) (Flow Rule

(
) -( ) Cam-Clay .
- .

. -
.

. ()
.
.
:

.1
( ) .
] .[1 .
.
.

30 1
].[2

.
] .[3
.

.2
. 1- 2

( )

:
.1

.2

] [4 -

. .
) ( interlocking . ( )1
dx
(1(a)) dy . dy/dx )(dilation
. dy/dx dx dy/dx
.

.
- 1

:
=

dx
dilatiaon

and

in

friction

work

) (1 :
interlocking

friction

strengt

Taylor

30 1
= 0.475 dy/dx 0.17 = dy/dx
/ = 0.645 . .
. .
(

).)2(a

= c + tan

interlocking

( ).) 2(b

- 2

( v ) c
. :

dy c
= ( tan
dx

c + c tan = c c = tan c
)(4
c ) (dilatancy :
interlocking .

. .

.

.
]Hvorslev[5

.
Hvorslev ( Interlocking )
.

. 1958

Roscoe

30 1

( )critical state] [6 v
:

v + ln = Constant
)(v, .

.

.

( )3

= u -

u .
.

:
= a + 2r u

=p

1
3

: (a + 2r )/3
: q = a r = a r

- 3

( interlocking ) q = 0 p

: k vk
p = 1 .
q .
)pc = p(v) q(c) = q(v :
qc = mpc

)(6

v + lnpc =

v = v + lnp v <

v = .
cam clay v = .

30 1
] [7 1962
:
)(7
M .

p . v + q. s = w = Mp . s
) (1 .

) (7 ) (dy or v ) (ds or s
.

) (interlocking

) (7 . ) (Original Cam Clay

:

dq
dp

)(8
) (2 ) (7 p s :

dq
=M
dp

)(9
) (9 ) (8 :

v
s
v
s

dq
q

=M
p dp

)(10
) (a ) (b :

d dp
+ =0
M
p
B :

q
p
=
= 1 ln
)(11

M Mp
pc
) (11 > v
BF ) (4i . 1963 wet clay .
1966 Cam Clay ] [8
Modified Cam Clay .

) (11 p . -

p = 2.73p c

:
q = 0 .
. > vK F ) 4(i.
Cam Clay
.

Schofield
Burland

30 1

- 4 Cam Clay

) 4(iii ) CSL (BCD :

v = v + Lnp =
) (HF :

v = vk + K Lnp =
) (GE Cam Clay GE

) ) .(4(i )(11 :
P

= B"G" = 1
m
PC

)(13

)(14
" " "

J G E ) 4(iii :

1
m

Ln

B" J" = k
)v = + (

F " D" , FD, FD

P = Constant ] [9
. F " C " , FC, FC v = Constant

. ) (P, v v = v + Lnp ) (q, p = q/p

.

Murayama
Kyoto
3
Shibata
2

30 1
. 2- 2

()MCC

][10 ] [11
. - .
][12 Cam Clay Modified Cam Clay
.
Cam-Clay :
)
() (1 = 2 = 3 v = 1 + e .)P = (1 + 2 + 3 )/3 VCL
( .)5 ) (b ) (bc d de . v Lnp
:

)(15

v + Lnp = v1 Virgin consolidation Line

v + Lnp = v2

)(Swelling line

- 5

, , v1

VCL

.
:

)
q = v h = 3j

J = [ 1 2

(1 3 )2 ]0.5/ 6
-

2 3 2 +

.

Cam-Clay

Coulomb
Rankine
3
Worth
4
Virgin Consolidation Line
2

30 1
P J MJ P0 P .
( )6 Cam-Clay .
. ) (16 v j P
( .)7 -
. ( ) .

- 7

- 6

J-

P0 .

dp0
v
= dPv
p0

) .

) ) (15 .

dv dP
= .
v
v P

= dev

dp vp
=
dev

:
=
) (Original Cam Clay .
()
. G, MJ , , , v1 :
( ) G .

Bulk modulus

30 1
] [8 - .

MJ

2 = 3. -

) (16 ) g( .

sin

(cos + (sin

= g
cs CSL MJ .

= tan1 [2(2 3
( )8 ) (16 :

p g

(=) F=( ,
cs .

- 8

- .

. ( )8 ) g( ][13-
:
f
J2

= g
f
J2 .

3
2

f
. CMN sin 3 J2

f
CMN 3 J2
+

CMN 9 = 0
)(23
27
) CMN = (9 3MJ2 )/(2 3/9MJ3 MJ2 + 1 MJ CSL J P = 30
. :

3 sin =30
cs

sin =30
cs

)(24

(sin 3

2
27

2
3

= MJ

f
J2 P .
] [14 ( )22 .
f
J2
+

Matsuoka
Nakai
3
Lade
2

30 1

.3

P
( a )m
3P

27 1+ 1 ( P a )m
27 3P

= CL 1 m Pa .

- Cam-Clay .

].[15
. . .
.
.
].[15
. ( )MCC .

. ( )
].[3
. -

.

.4

].[16

.
.

.
.

.5
.1 " )1386 ( . "
.

1 30
" " )1387( . . . .2
.

3. Navarro, V. Candel, M. Barenca,A. Yustres,A. Garca,B. (2007), Optimisation procedure for choosing
Cam clay parameters, Computers and Geotechnics 34 :524531.
4. Taylor, D.W. (1948), Fundamentals of Soil Mechanics, John Wiley &Sons.
5. Hvorslev, M.J. (1937), ober die Festigkeitseigenschaften gesttirterbindiger Bbden (On the physical
properties of disturbed cohesive soils), Kbbenhavn.
6. Roscoe, K.H., Schofield, A.N., and Wroth, C.P. (1958), On the yielding of soils,Geotechnique, 8,2253.Proc.2nd European Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Wiesbaden, 1 ,47-54.
7. Roscoe, K.H. and Schofield, A.N. (1963), Mechanical behaviour of an idealised. wet clay.Proc.2nd
European Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Wiesbaden, 1 ,47-54.
8. Roscoe, K.H. and Burland, J.B. (1968), On the generalised stress-strain behaviour of wetclay,
Engineering Plasticirv, edited by J. Heyman and F.A. Leckie, 535-609, CambridgeUniversity Press.
9. Shibata, T. (1963), On the volume changes of normally-consolidated clays (in Japanese),Disaster
Prevention Research Institute Annuals, Kyoto University, 6, 128-34.
10. Coulomb C.A., 1776, Essai sur une application des regles de maxims et minims aquelques problemes
destatique, relatifs a larchitecture, Mem. Acad. Royal Soc., 7,343-382.
11. Rankine W.J.M., 1857, On the stability of loose earth, Phil. Trans. Royal Soc., 147,9-27.
12. Schofield, A.N. and Wroth C.P. (1968), Critical State Soil Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, London.
13. Matsuoka H. and Nakai T., (1974), Stress-deformation and strength characteristics of soil under three
different principal stresses, Proc. Jap. Soc. Civ. Eng., 232, 59-70.
14. Lade P.V. and Duncan J.M., (1975), Elasto-plastic stress-strain theory for cohesionless soil, ASCE,
GT Div., 101, 1037-1053.
15. Potts, D & Zdravkovic, L., (2007), Some Pitfalls when using Modified Cam Clay, London.
- " )1390 ( . . . .16
. "