UNIT 12#: ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR/DISORDERS

Psychological Disorder
Define, The 3 Ds
MAUD
Insanity, Mnaghten rule

Medical Model
Philippe Pinel
BioPsychSocial Approach
Classifying Psychological
Disorders
DSM-5
Goals
Positive & Negatives views
David Rosenhaun (1973)
Anxiety Disorders
(signs/symptoms)

General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Panic Disorder
Phobias

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Brain Imaging
Hoarding,
PTSD

Explaining Anxiety, OCD &

Trauma/Stress Related
Learning: Fear learning, observ.
Biology: Natural selection, brain

Mood Related Disorders

Depressive Disorders
(signs/symptoms)
Major Depressive
Persistent Depressive
Maj. Dep. with Seasonal Pattern
Maj. Dep. with Peripartum Onset

Bipolar & Related Disorders

Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar I & Bipolar II
Cyclothymic
Mania/Manic vs. Depressive
Hypomania
Historical creativity
Suicide

Mood Related Disorders

Biological Perspective

Genetics
Neurotransmitters:
Serotonin/Mood
Norepinephrine/arousal & focus
Dopamine/rewarding

Social Cognitive Perspective

Self-defeating belief, negative explan. style

Beck Triad/Cognitive Theory of Dep.
Self (worthless) world/environment
(unfair) future (hopeless)
Depression Cycle
1.Stressful experience 2. Neg. explan. Style
3. Depressed mood 4. Cog. & behav. changes

Explanation/Theory of
Depression

Behavioral and cognitive changes

Common causes, Gender differences
Episodes can go away, Stressful event
precedes, Dep. Is going up esp. in teens.

Somatic Symptom & Related Disorders

(Signs/symptoms)
Illness Anxiety Disorder and Conversion

Personality Disorders

Antisocial: (socio/psychopaths) lack of

concerns for others, no empathy
Histrionic: desired to be notice, dramatic
highs and lows (Att. seeking)
Narcissistic: Inflated sense of selfME!
Borderline: Long-term patterns of
unstable emotions (self-destructive)

Schizophrenia

Psychosis, Range of symptoms, onset

Disorganized Thinking
Delusions (pers. vs. grandeur)
Word salad, selective attention
Disturbed Perceptions Hallucinations
Inappropriate Emotions & Actions
Flat affect, senseless or no movement
Positive vs. Negative symptoms, recovery?
Chronic vs. acute,
Childhood Schizophrenia
Causes: Brain abnormalities, genetics,
viral infections

Dissociative Disorders

(Signs/symptoms)
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Critics argument

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Intellectual Disability, Autism

Spectrum, ADHD, Tourettes

UNIT 13#: TREATMENTS

History of Insane Treatment

Philippe Pinel and Dorthea Dix

Ancient Treatments
Asylums, Lobotomys
Seeking Treatment

Therapies

Psychotherapy
Biomedical Therapy
Eclectic Approach

Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic

First formal Psychotherapy/Freud

Aims, repression
Free association
Resistance, Transference
Critiques (can prove, costly)
Interpersonal, eff. Depression
Here and now

Behavior Therapy (Learning)

Therapists and Their

Training

Clinical Psychologists
Clinical or Psychiatric Social Worker
Counselors
Psychiatrists

Humanistic

Cognitive Therapy

Classical Conditioning Techniques

Counterconditioning
Aversive Conditioning
Exposure Therapy
Intensive Exposure (Flooding)
Systematic Desensitization
Operant Conditioning
Token Economy

Commonalities Among Psychotherapies

Hope for demoralized people, New perspective. Caring

relationship with therapist

BioMedical Therapies

Psychopharmacology
Antipsychotic Drugs
Classic antipsychotics: Chlorpromazine (Thorazine): Remove positive symp.
Atypical antipsychotics: Clozapine (Clozaril): Remove negative symp.
Blocks NT receptors for dopamine and serotonin
Side effects: Tardive Dyskinesia
Antianxiety Drugs (Xanax, Ativan, Librium, Valium)
Depress CNS, elevates the levels of NT, GABA

Aims, self, Carl Rogers

Person-centered
Accepting, non-judgmental, build
esteem, active listening
Aaron Beck, Cog. for depression
Stress Inoculation Training
Robert Ellis:
ABCDE
Rational Emotive Therapy (RET)
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Thought Behavior -- Emotion

Other and Alternative Therapies

Group Therapy, Family Therapy

Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing (EMDR)
Light Exposure Therapy

BioMedical Therapies

Antidepressant Drugs (Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil)

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhib. (SSRI)
Mood Stabilizing Medications
Lithium Carbonate, stabilize manic phase,
NTs: Norepinephrine, Glutamate affected

Brain Stimulation

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), sev. dep.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
(rTMS)
Psychosurgery/Lobotomy

Current Trends: Manage care to prevent lapse, empirically validated

treatments, blended/eclectic approach, Deinstitutionalization

Prevent Psychological Disorders: removing factors that affect society