New Topic3 Nuclear Power and Alternative Energy 4

Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy
Students will be able to:

-outline the range of energy sources available to society
-evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of two contrasting energy
sources
-discuss the factors which affect the choice of energy sources adopted by
different societies
Energy
5:18
http://www.youtu
be.com/watch?fea
ture=endscreen&v
=20Vb6hlLQSg&NR=
1
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Electricity Production by Fuel

9%
Coal
Hydroelectric
Power
Other
23%
56%
3%
9%
U.S. Department of Energy, Annual Energy Review 1999
Nuclear
Natural Gass
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Thermal Energy
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Types of Thermal Energy
Nuclear power plants use a nuclear reactors heat to operate a

steam turbine generator.
Fossil fuelled power plants may also use a steam turbine
generator or in the case of natural gas fired plants may use a
combustion turbine.
Geothermal power plants use steam extracted from hot
underground rocks.
Renewable energy plants may be fuelled by waste from sugar
cane, municipal solid waste, landfill methane, or other forms of
biomass.
Waste heat from industrial processes is occasionally concentrated
enough to use for power generation, usually in a steam boiler and
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Nuclear Energy
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

has 10 nuclear plants in 200 miles zone
It is 37 miles from Oyster Creek New Jersey
66 miles from Indian Point New York
83 miles from Limerick Pennsylvania
100 miles from Hope Creek & Salem New Jersey
120 miles from Millstone Connecticut
123 miles from Susquehanna Pennsylvania
125 miles from Peach Bottom Pennsylvania
143 miles from Three Mile Island Pennsylvania
184 miles from Calvert Cliffs Maryland
187 miles from Vermont Yankee Vermont
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 37 miles from Oyster Creek New Jersey
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 66 miles from Indian Point New York
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 100 miles from Hope Creek & Salem New Jersey
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 120 miles from Millstone Connecticut
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 123 miles from Susquehanna Pennsylvania
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 125 miles from Peach Bottom Pennsylvania
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 143 miles from Three Mile Island Pennsylvania
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 184 miles from Calvert Cliffs Maryland
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies

It is 187 miles from Vermont Yankee
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Debate: Does the World Need Nuclear Power?
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Nuclear Power Plant
Control Rods
Uranium 235
Fuel Rods
http://ww
w.ustudy.
in/node/3
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Nuclear Power
In a conventional nuclear power plant a
Plants
controlled nuclear fission chain reaction
heats water
produce high-pressure steam
that turns turbines
that turns a generator to generate
electricity.
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Nuclear Fission
approximately 20,000
times as much heat and
energy is released from
uranium fuels as from an
equivalent amount of coal
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
when a sufficient amount

of fissionable material is
brought together, a chain
reaction occurs splitting
atoms and releasing a
tremendous amount of
heat
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Nuclear Fission
Controlled Fission
Chain Reaction
neutrons split the
nuclei of atoms such
as Uranium or
Plutonium
release energy (heat)
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Alternative Energy
There are many forms of renewable energy . Most of these renewable

energies depend in one way or another on sunlight.
Solar energy is the direct conversion of sunlight using panels or collectors.
Wind and hydroelectric power are the direct result of differential heating of
the Earth's surface which leads to air moving about (wind) and precipitation
forming as the air is lifted.
Biomass energy is stored sunlight contained in plants.
Other renewable energies that do not depend on sunlight are geothermal
energy, which is a result of radioactive decay in the crust combined with the
original heat of accreting the Earth, and tidal energy, which is a conversion of
gravitational energy.
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Wind Power. The movement of the atmosphere is driven by differences of

temperature at the Earth's surface due to varying temperatures of the Earth's
surface when lit by sunlight. Wind energy can be used to pump water or
generate electricity, but requires extensive areal coverage to produce
significant amounts of energy.
2:14
Wind
farm
developer:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=niZ_cvu9Fts
Community Energy, Inc. &
Jersey-Atlantic Wind, LLC
Location: ACUA Wastewater Treatment Plant, Atlantic
City, New Jersey
Project includes five, 380 foot high turbines
Each turbine is capable of producing 1.5 megawatts for
a total of 7.5 megawatts, enough energy to power
approximately 2,500 homes.
It is estimated that the energy produced by the wind
farm will save the energy equivalent of 23,613 barrels
of crude oil.
When operating at design wind conditions, the energy
is used to operate the ACUA wastewater treatment
plant, with any excess energy provided to the main
power grid.
Estimated cost of the project is $12 million. Community
Energy has received a $1.7 million grant from the NJ
Board of Public Utilities, and had applied for a $1.92
million customer supply grant through Conectiv. The
remaining costs are being funded by equity
investments
or debt financing.
http://www.acua.com/acua/content.aspx?id=49
Wind
Farm
has
been operational since December 2005.
2&ekmensel=c580fa7b_20_88_btnlink
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Hydroelectric energy. This form uses

the gravitational potential of elevated
water that was lifted from the oceans
by sunlight. It is not strictly speaking
renewable since all reservoirs
eventually fill up and require very
expensive excavation to become
useful again. At this time, most of the
available locations for hydroelectric
dams are already used in the
developed world.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pj4
dZM4SIls
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Solar. This form of energy relies on the nuclear fusion

power from the core of the Sun. This energy can be
collected and converted in a few different ways. The
range is from solar water heating with solar collectors or
attic cooling with solar attic fans for domestic use to the
complex technologies of
direct conversion of
sunlight to electrical
energy using mirrors and
boilers or photovoltaic
cells. Unfortunately these
are currently insufficient
to fully power our (3:24)
http://www.youtube.com/
modern
society.
watch?v=NDZzAIcCQLQ
The Tinton Falls Solar Farm is a 20-megawatt solar photovoltaic power plant,
being built in Tinton Falls, New Jersey. The farm contains 85,000 ground-mounted
solar panels, and at the time of its construction, it was one of the largest solar farms
in the northeast United States.[1]
The solar farm was developed by Jiangsu Zongyi (a Chinese company) under a
subsidiary named Zongyi Solar Energy (America). Zongyi acquired the undeveloped
Tinton Falls site from Effisolar Energy Corporation in 2011.[2] The purchase price was
reported to be $5.5 million US dollars (2012); [3] upon completion Zongyi is expected
to receive a 30% investment subsidy from the New Jersey state government. [2]
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Silicon coated with

phosphorous is called N-type
silicon, because of the extra
free electron. Silicon coated
with boron, which has 3
electrons in its outer shell, is
called P-type silicon for its
extra free opening. When
putting the P-type and the Ntype silicon structures
together things get
interesting. A free electron on
the N-side will try to fill an
empty hole on the P-side. As
more holes will be filled
crossing the junction will
become harder for the free
electron and eventually
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Hydrogen and fuel cells. These are also not strictly renewable
energy resources but are very abundant in availability and are very
low in pollution when utilized. Hydrogen can be burned as a fuel,
typically in a vehicle, with only water as the combustion product. This
clean burning fuel can mean a significant reduction of pollution in
cities.
Or the hydrogen can be used in fuel cells, which are similar to
batteries, to power an electric motor. In either case significant
production of hydrogen requires abundant
power. Due to the need for energy to
produce the initial hydrogen gas, the
result is the relocation of pollution from
the cities to the power plants.
There are
56:46
Several promising methods to produce
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
hydrogen,
such as solar power, that may
76ujMtLr5Z8
alter this picture drastically.
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3

sources
different societies
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy
Geothermal power. Energy left over from the original accretion of the
planet and augmented by heat from radioactive decay seeps out slowly
everywhere, everyday. In certain areas the geothermal gradient (increase in
temperature with depth) is high enough to exploit to generate electricity. This
possibility is limited to a few locations on Earth and many technical problems
exist that limit its utility. Another form of geothermal energy is Earth energy,
a result of the heat storage in the Earth's surface. Soil everywhere tends to
stay at a relatively constant temperature, the yearly average, and can be
used with heat pumps to heat a building in winter and cool a building in
summer. This form of energy can lessen the need for other power to maintain
comfortable temperatures in buildings, but cannot be used to produce
electricity.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRA
QrDduaU0
http
6:42
4:19
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy

sources
different societies
Topic 3

sources
different societies
Nuclear Power
and
Alternative
Energy
Other forms of energy. Energy from tides, the oceans and hot hydrogen
fusion are other forms that can be used to generate electricity. Each of these
can be discussed in some detail with the final result being that each suffers
from one or another significant drawback and cannot be relied upon at this
time to solve the upcoming energy crunch.
For this section you will be required to write two press releases.
1- Notify the public about a newly proposed nuclear power plant in
their town. Be sure to include the positive aspects of nuclear
power and the negative aspects of alternative energy sources in
order to justify this action.
2- Notify the public about a new mandate which will phase out
nuclear power over a 10 year period. Be sure to include the
negative aspects of nuclear power and positive aspects of a
named alternative energy source that you would plan to take its
place.

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Topic 3

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Electricity Production by Fuel

U.S. Department of Energy, Annual Energy Review 1999

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Types of Thermal Energy

Nuclear power plants use a nuclear reactors heat to operate a

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Little Silver, NJ 07739, USA

Students will be able to:

Debate: Does the World Need Nuclear Power?

Students will be able to:

Nuclear Power Plant

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

when a sufficient amount

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

There are many forms of renewable energy . Most of these renewable

Students will be able to:

Wind Power. The movement of the atmosphere is driven by differences of

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Hydroelectric energy. This form uses

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Solar. This form of energy relies on the nuclear fusion

Students will be able to:

Silicon coated with

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to:

Students will be able to: