Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Library of Alexandria
Carnegie Commissions
100 years of big ideas
Dick Clark
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Y O R K
vol. 5/no. 4
Mr. Carnegies foresight about how the road into the future
cannot always be precisely charted by those living in the
present, is evident in the intertwined strands of continuity
and change that are the hallmark of our work.
engagement by the United States, will be celebrating its centennial
this year, 2010. Along with such other institutions as The Carnegie
Foundation in the Netherlands, which Mr. Carnegie created in 1903
to establish and administer the Peace Palace in the Hague; to the
trusts he established in Scotland and England to open university
education to those who would otherwise be unable to afford it as well
as to fund social welfare projects addressing issues of poverty, unemployment and urban renewal; to his establishment of more than 2,500
libraries in the United States and throughout the world; even to his
gift of organs to some 8,000 churches in the U.S. and overseasas
his founding of Carnegie Hall in 1891 suggests, the ability of music
to uplift the human spirit was a notion he was invested in, both emotionally and financiallywe can see that this was indeed a man who
wanted to make the world a better place not only for the citizens of
the United States but others around the globe, as well.
The centennials of the Carnegie institutions, including the
Corporations, remind us that anniversaries and birthdays are not only
the occasion for celebration and looking back at achievements, but for
renewals. Carnegie Corporation of New York is indeed blessed to be
approaching its 100th year of grantmaking. Mr. Carnegie himself was
(Continued on page 11)
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Foundation Roundup
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Recent Events
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I Work in Philanthropy!
About the cover: Grace Mutia of WIO-RISE. See page 14. Photo by Alan Anderson.
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Officials and guests attend the opening of the new Library of Alexandria in Egypt, October 16, 2002.
Library
Alexand
THE
by C ARYLE M URPHY
OF
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ria:
Rises Again
ALEXANDRIA, EGYPTEvery
morning, as a soft breeze floats in
from the Mediterranean, long lines of
foreign tourists and Egyptian students
form outside a prime attraction of this
ancient city. Thousands more enter daily
through its online portal, www.bibalex.
org, accessible in four languages.
These visitors are not arriving to
view one of Egypts storied treasures
from its Pharaonic past. Rather, they
come to see an embodiment of what
many hope will be its future: the Library
of Alexandria, also known by its Latin
name, Bibliotheca Alexandrina.
Thirty years in the planning, the
Library opened in 2002 in an architecturally innovative building. Its
mission: to revive the full-bodied
pursuit of knowledge that historians
say flourished in this city because of
the ancient Library of Alexandria. In
existence from roughly 290 BCE to
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Excavating a Heritage
GETTY IMAGES
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CARYLE MURPHY
is to reissue between 100 and 150 classic works by Muslim writers that were
published roughly between 1850 and
1950, a period historians sometimes
call the modernist era.
My aim is to redress what I see as a
totally and thoroughly wrong situation
in many parts of the world where the
Islamic tradition has been presented in
a thoroughly baised fashion by systematically promoting extremist literature
and systematically underplaying other
types of literature, Serageldin said.
Most importantly, he added, the
three-year project intends to address
the younger generation by saying,
Look, here is your tradition and there
are fascinating things in that tradition
that you are probably not aware of.
Salah Eddin El Gawhary, who has
worked with Serageldin to create the
project from its earliest stage, said
that when people talk about Islamic
heritage, they usually hark back to
the Abbasid Empire in Baghdad, and
Muslim-ruled southern Spain, known
as Andalusia, from the 8th through the
13th centuries.
But Muslim thought and culture
and contributions to civilization continued throughout history, El Gawhary
said. He and Serageldin chose to focus
on the modernist era because that was
when European colonization presented
Muslims with tremendous challenges.
As such, modernist era writings
often dealt with issues that are still
controversial or unresolved in many
Muslim societies today, such as the
public role of women, freedom of conscience, and the legitimacy of political
systems. They also wrestled with the
conflict between science and faith, and
the role of secularism.
Serageldin has set up a 20-member
advisory board of Muslim academics
three are womento choose the 150
books. So far, they have come up with
about 85 titles. Some are well-known
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For example, over the ten years ended September 30, 2009, the
Corporation awarded 5,636 grants totaling over $1.1 billion.*
Given the Corporations long history of engagement with the most
pressing issues of the times, we certainly do not have an identity crisis or a craving for status. But neither are we resting on our proverbial
laurels. In his November 10, 1911 letter of gift to the Corporation,
providing the foundations endowment, Andrew Carnegie wrote that,
Conditions upon the [earth] inevitably change; hence, no wise man
will bind Trustees forever to certain paths, causes or institutions
This additional gift of flexibility has proven that its value is arguably
as consequential as the money Mr. Carnegie gave the Corporation as
it has provided us with the impetus to constantly review, reevaluate
and revitalize our work and our grantmaking strategies.
The vitality of Carnegie Corporation, embodied in Mr. Carnegies
foresight about how the road into the future cannot always be precisely charted by those living in the present, is evident in the intertwined strands of continuity and change that are the hallmark of our
work. Today, Andrew Carnegies lifelong concern with education
lives on in our support of strengthening American democracy by
funding new pathways both to educational and economic opportunity and to citizenship, civic participation and immigrant integration
in a pluralistic society. His fervent desire to contribute to building a peaceful world is reflected in the focus of our international
grantmaking on reducing direct threats to international peace and
security while also investing in international development by supporting individuals and institutions such as universities and libraries
in sub-Saharan Africa and academic centers in Eurasia, two regions
of long-standing Corporation involvement.
Certainly, using what weve learned from the past to craft strategies for our present-day grantmaking while also looking forward
is what Andrew Carnegie would have wanted. Standing still, being
self-satisfied or content with accepting the status quo was never his
way. Eager for knowledge, passionate about ideashe once wrote, You
may prevent me from writing but you
cant prevent me from thinking
and convinced that human beings
could always improve themselves
while also helping their fellows and
in the process, bring greater light into
the world, he remains an inspiration
to us as our centennial draws near.
Mr. Carnegie closed his letter of gift
to the Corporation with these words:
My chief happiness [is that] even after I pass away, the [wealth]
that came to me to administer as a sacred trust for the good of my
fellowmen is to continue to benefit humanity for generations
untold For one hundred years, the staff and Trustees of Carnegie
Corporation of New York have kept that compact with the Corporations
founder, administering his trust in the service of the common good. As
we anticipate our centennial with great pride, we are equally honored
to being able to continue Andrew Carnegies efforts to do good as
we move into our second century of work.
*This includes grants made possible by an anonymous donor who has worked through the
Corporation since 2002 to support arts and social service organizations in New York City.
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frica,
A
Investments in Leadership
by A LAN A NDERSON
In
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Francis Arimoro.
The regional networks created by RISE are: AMSEN: African Materials Science and Engineering Network; AFNNET: African Natural Products Network; SABINA: Southern
African Biochemistry and Informatics for Natural Products; SSAWRN: Sub-Saharan Africa Water Resources Network; WIO-RISE: Western Indian Ocean Regional Initiative
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After teaching and serving as pro-vice-chancellor at the University of Namibia, Professor Mshigeni has returned to his native Tanzania, where he is director of the Tanzanian
Academy of Sciences and vice-chancellor of the Hubert Kairuki Memorial University, a private medical college in Dar es Salaam. He was profiled in the Vol. 3, No. 1
of the Carnegie Reporter.
3
Both species, despite their classification in the phylum Rhodophyta (red plants), are highly variable in both form and color, ranging from greens to reds to browns.
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Irene Naigaga.
expenses low, so she turned to her veterinary background. She chose an animal high in the food chain that might
be expected to accumulate pollutants
over its lifespan: the Nile perch, or
tilapia, the most important commercial fish in the vast lake. I wanted to
be able to identify the water quality
hot spots, she said, at least qualitatively. And I found I could do that with
the fish. It turned out that when the
water quality goes down, we can see
lesions in the tilapia tissue. This was
a new technique for Uganda and an
excellent match for Naigaga, because
her background in veterinary medicine
prepared her to recognize the histopathology of the fish.
By that point, however, she had
used up her available funding and her
project skidded to a halt. I had finished sampling the fish, but I was really
stuck. The technique was inexpensive,
but I still needed to pay for several
Bernard Odera.
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Lillian Tibatemwa-Ekirikubinza:
A Woman with Permission to
Succeed
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Lillian Tibatemwa.
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Editors Note: This profile was written by Susan King, Carnegie Corporation
of New York Vice President, External
Affairs; Director, Journalism Initiative,
Special Initiatives and Strategy
What gives a young girl growing
up in a village in Nigeria a sense that
she wants to be a scientist? A chance
encounter with the world of medicine
perhaps, but clearly its more: a personal
drive to find a place that most African
girls couldnt even imagine and a university plan to invest in women in a way
unknown in the past.
Bridget Omafuvbe seems
headed for the top of any
academic pyramid. She was
just promoted to associate
professor of microbiology at
Obafemi Awolowo University
in Nigeria in a year that sees
her traveling the world as
part of a competitive leadership program established by
the International Womens
Forum (IWF) Leadership Foundation
of Washington, DC. Bridget was chosen as a member of the Class of 20092010 for this year-long program of
intensive study in London and at the
Harvard Business School that includes
mentoring and international seminars.
She was chosen because of her academic achievements and her personal
potential as a university leader. Along
with a few dozen other women profes-
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who will be left to teach the next generation? says Bridget with the same
drive and dedication to an idea that has
animated her career.
Its that sense of giving back, of being
a woman who gained much from an aunt
and from a university system that made
investments in her graduate studies, that
makes Bridget stand out. Her most recent
elevation to the associate professorship
won applause from her entire university
Bridget Omafuvbe.
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1OO Years
by K AREN T HEROUX
(Back row, left to right) Henry S. Pritchett, President of the Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching; James Bertram, Andrew Carnegies personal secretary;
Charles L. Taylor, president of the Carnegie Hero Fund; Robert Franks, first treasurer of Carnegie Corporation. (Front row, left to right) William N. Frew, Chairman of the
board, Carnegie Institute; Robert S. Woodward, President of Carnegie Institution; Elihu Root, President of Carnegie Endowment of International Peace; Andrew Carnegie;
Margaret Carnegie-Miller, daughter of Andrew Carnegie; Louise Whitfield Carnegie, wife of Andrew Carnegie.
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of
Big Ideas
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most vital issues then facing the sector: social justice; provision of skills
and knowledge; effectiveness, quality
and integrity of programs; adequacy
of governance; human and financial
resources and performance of institutions. The most remarkable thing
members, were intentionally not specialists in early childhood, and were chosen because they would be more likely to
come to the project fresh, without preconceived ideas.
The Councils eleven members and seven associates were
diverse in race, gender, age and geography and they represented the fields of law, medicine, anthropology, history,
economics and social work. Lawyer and Childrens Defense
Fund founder Marian Wright Edelman served on the Council
and Hillary Rodham was an associate which is mentioned
in her book, It Takes a Village. The Councils six-plus years
of exploration was summed up in the book, All Our Children:
the American Family Under Pressure (the most prominent
of five books it produced) which got front-page coverage in
The New York Times and was discussed from the Today show
to the White House. Children have rights, the book insisted,
and these rights are best secured by families. The council
called for family empowerment, asserting that, the development of a vital, resourceful, caring, moral generation of
Americans must become the nations highest priority.
Support for Science from a Foundation Perspective; Barbara D. Finberg; American Psychologist; January 1990.
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President Lyndon Johnson signing the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 as John Gardner (far right)
and Alan Pifer (third from right) look on.
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Many fine commissions were started by us, but they are not
exclusive to us. We are known for the quality of our commissions,
and a number of them have had a major impact. But we should
not do this alone. Vartan Gregorian
munity had been obsessing for over
100 years, Avery Russell observes.
Various theories were at work, and the
Council drew together the best thinking
and theory and progressive research;
their work helped to crystallize the
knowledge of the day. My sense is that
Carnegie Corporation statements on
early adolescence definitely affected
the thinking out in the field.
Zero to Ten
If there is anything more fundamental than a decent start in life, I wonder what it could be, Hamburg wrote.
Recognizing that pressures throughout
society were making it increasingly
difficult for families to nurture their
youngest members, he launched the
Carnegie Task Force on Meeting the
Needs of Young Children in 1991. Its
mission was to provide a framework
of scientific knowledge and an action
agenda to ensure the healthy devel-
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by
L EE M ICHAEL K ATZ
Dick C lar
Creating a Lasting Legacy
by Educating Congress
Under the auspices of the Aspen Institute,
a scholar and former senator created a
program that over more than twenty-five
years has helped members of Congress
on both sides of the aisle enrich their
knowledge about issues critical to the
strength and progress of our nation.
Dick Clark
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k:
fact there were really no staff members on that committee or senators who
knew very much about Russia and the
Soviet Union in spite of the fact that
this was the height of the Cold War.
As Clark was pondering how
to resolve the lack of knowledge
about Russia in Congress, Carnegie
Corporations then-president David
Hamburg was thinking along the same
lines. Hamburgs particular interest,
Clark recalls, was providing scholSpring 2010
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Aspen Congressional Program meeting on Energy, Security and Climate Change; April 2009 in Valencia, Spain.
DIANE ANELLO
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Rep. George Miller (L) and Rep. John Boehner (R) became allies
on education.
R E P O R T E R
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Dick Clarks style offers a comfort level for lawmakers of all political
stripes. In the Senate, Clark was not the
type of legislator to bang on a podium,
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A Master of Discussion
Clark is known for timing and pacing the conversation during discussions, keeping Congressional egos and
ideological speeches in check while
maximizing participation from both
Republicans and Democrats.
Alan Simpson changed from a senator reluctant to participate in the meetings to actually addressing the Council
on Foreign Relations several years
later, according to Clark The meetings
were spectacular, declares former
senator Simpson. The real thing was
how Dick Clark could guide the discussion...He could defuse a heated discussion with a gentle authority.
A major reason for the success of
the conferences, according to congressional attendees, is Clarks tried and
true format. He sets the ground rules
at the beginning that these are not partisan issues, says Rep. Watt. Everybody
knows that if youre going to these
things, you ought to respect that as priorities that Dick has. Clarks aim, he
says, is trying to bring light, not fire.
Individual time limits are observed, so
no one makes speeches or monopolizes
the discussion. Bill Nell notes Clark
carries his timer on the plane for program trips. Im continuously worried
the TSA [airport security] is going to
confiscate it one day, he jokes. But
turning serious, Nell says Clarks ses-
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Simpson says. That gave us an opportunity to be with both sides of the aisle.
We developed wonderful friendships
with Democrats and Republicans alike.
And when people become friends, they
become much more reasonable.
Clark took up a suggestion from
Carnegie Corporation President Vartan
Gregorian and added an innovation to
maximize results. The final session of
a conference is now devoted to members of Congress discussing the policy
impact of issues.
Results Include Celebrated
Legislation
ASSOCIATED PRESS
Senator Richard Lugar (R-IN; Left) and former Senator Sam Nunn
(Right), inspecting a rail line in Russia designed to carr y ner ve gas
materials to a destruction site.
Carnegie Results. Winter 2010. Opening the Closed Cities of the Soviet Union.
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DISCOVERING
Centennial
Moment
a
b y E LEANOR L ERMAN
Director, Public Affairs and Publications
Carnegie Corporation of New York
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FoundationRoundup
Report by Economic
Bloggers Tells a Dismal
Story
This past February the inaugural Kauffman Economic Outlook
came out with a troubling
observation: Despite promising growth numbers in the last
quarter of 2009 from the U.S.
Bureau of Economic Analysis,
economics bloggers are telling a
different story.
The report, A Quarterly
Survey of Top Economics
Bloggers, was based on questionnaires sent by the Kauffman
Foundation to the top 200
economics bloggers. Their
responses revealed some insightful views, chief among them
that 48 percent of bloggers
surveyed viewed the economy as
worse than official government
statistics showed. Many stated
that the overall condition of the
economy was mixed or still
facing recession.
The participating bloggers,
who were identified primarily
through Palgraves econolog.
net rankings, expected the greatest growth prospects over the
next three years to be in interest
rates, inflation and the budget
deficit. U.S. output and jobs
are expected to increase but
with about half the intensity of
growth in global output.
Bloggers assessed conditions
as bad or very bad for small
businesses and banks lending to
business as well as to individuals. Seven out of ten bloggers
thought the federal government
was too involved in economic
matters. Surprisingly, there
seemed to be a relatively clear
consensus for action within the
next few years: tax cuts, especially on payrolls, and efforts to
cut down on the deficit through
decreased medical entitlements,
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Bankers without
Borders
Grameen Foundation is offering new opportunities for bankers and other professionals to
support the worlds poor and
the institutions serving them.
The Foundation is expanding its
Bankers without Borders initiative which taps senior working
professionals for short-term,
field and skills-based projects
supporting microfinance and
Global Grassroots
to Train Rwandas
Vulnerable Women as
Change Agents
Started by a woman for
women in Rwanda, Global
Grassroots is a small nonprofit
established in 2004 by Gretchen
Wallace to support conscious
social change among vulnerable women in post-conflict
countries. The organization has
been awarded $100,000 from
NOVO Foundation to advance
its Academy for Conscious
Changea 12 to 18-month
incubator offering nonprofit
management skills, leadership
training, personal transformation practices, seed grants and
high-engagement support to
help disadvantaged women
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CARNEGIE
CORPORATION
is Turning
1OO!
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Women Leaders
Gather in South Africa
I am so fired up I cannot wait
to go back and start spreading
the word. Now I know I have the
confidence to make decisions to
start acting with knowledge. Not
even the sky is the limit now.
I am leaving the ACADEMY
with a fresher approach to being
an excellent manager in my
present position and a mentor
to my team. These comments
and others like them appeared
on the attendees feedback forms
when Women employed in
Higher Education in Africa met
in Cape Town, South Africa in
September 2009.
An intensive week of sharing
and learning, the seventh annual
HERS-SA ACADEMY, which
focuses on the development of
women leaders, was attended
by delegates from all over
South Africa as well as Uganda,
Tanzania, Ghana, Nigeria,
Botswana, Lesotho and Malawi.
Twenty-four universities were
represented by women chosen
mainly for their potential to hold
senior positions, now or in the
future. Carnegie Corporation
funded the attendance of a number of the delegates from outside South Africa. A total of 36
speakers and facilitators, including many senior education leaders, shared their time and experience in a variety of forums,
providing information, mentoring and offering exposure to role
VIRGINIA MALLON
VIRGINIA MALLON
RecentEvents
R E P O R T E R
Spring 2010
Building Education
Entrepreneurship
Corporation funding has
enabled The Mind Trust, an
Indianapolis-based nonprofit, to
plan and create a multi-city network of organizations to support
and expand education entrepreneurship. The goal of the project
is to connect entrepreneurs with
city-based partners who will provide technical and policy guid-
Spring 2010
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Africa-America
Institute Award Goes
to Gregorian
In September 2009, Vartan
Gregorian was recognized by
the Africa-America Institute
(AAI) for his steadfast commitment to strengthening
higher education in Africa.
The Institutes Chairman Kofi
Appenteng presented the award
to Gregorian at the AAIs 25th
Annual Awards Gala. The
people of Ghana were presented with the organizations
Award for African National
Achievement, accepted on
behalf of the country by John
Evans Atta Mills, President of
RecentEvents...
(Left to right) Carolyn Wheeler, Lucy Hansen, Sol A. Gomez, Dana Thomas, Seamus OScanlain,
Laura Grunwerg, Dwight McInvaill, Alice K. Juda, Oceana Wilson, Karen E. Martines.
Celebrating Americas
Librarians
Carnegie Corporation of
New York and The New York
Times announced the ten winners of the I Love My Librarian
Award, jointly sponsored by the
two organizations. More than
3,200 library users nationwide
nominated a librarian for service
to their community, school or
campus. Each of the 10 winners
received a $5,000 cash award
CHRISTOPHER CONNELL
CHRISTOPHER CONNELL
Spring 2010
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BackPage
W
THE
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C A R N E G I E
b y S TEVE G UNDERSON
I Work in
Philanthropy!
President and CEO, Council on Foundations
R E P O R T E R
Spring 2010
age citizen does not know philanthropy at all. This will change
first as foundations around
the world continue to develop
global aims and global partnerships. Second, global citizens
will come to know philanthropy
because of its democratization.
Todays philanthropy is not the
domain of just the wealthy.
However, while U.S. foundationsand their annual giving
in excess of $45 billionwill
long serve as the primary tool
for philanthropy, a new generation of givers relies on more
loosely defined tools that can
enable almost all citizens to
become philanthropists. Among
these tools are donor-advised
funds, venture philanthropy,
giving circles, and e-philanthropy in its varying forms.
Our global colleagues and
those designing new forms of
philanthropy here at home may
use different legal forms of giving, but their purpose reflects
our purpose. We are all colleaguesleaders who share a
common vision.
Social movements reflect
a large number of individual
actions focused upon a common
goal. The Civil Rights movement and the Womens Suffrage
movement come to mind. In
both cases, a steady series of
actions focused on a common
goal, over a sustained period of
time, achieved historic transformation. This same dynamic of
multiple playersfoundations
and philanthropic initiatives
focused on a common goal is
making social history now.
Consider these examples.
When natural disasters strike,
philanthropy recognizes the
value of collective action. Five
years after the devastation in
Americas Gulf Coast, we can
look back on $3.3 billion of
American philanthropic dollars dedicated to rebuilding
the region. Within the first two
months of 2010, this same phil-
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Non-profit Org.
US Postage
PAID
St. Louis, MO
Permit No. 1018
Spring 2010
CARNEGIE CORPORATION OF NEW YORK
Margaret
Carnegie Miller
remembers...
George Soule
Ambika Kapur
Board of Trustees
Susan Hockfield
Ana Palacio
Norman Pearlstine
Thomas R. Pickering
Janet L. Robinson
Kurt Schmoke
James D. Wolfensohn
feel like a great grandmother to Carnegie Corporation because I was there when it
all began in the mind of a wise father. ...
It is a long time ago since that afternoon at 2 East 91st Street, November 10,
1911. Mother came up to my room and said, Your father has done something important
this afternoon. He has set aside a large sum of money and has asked some of his best
friends to be responsible for it and to find ways to make it best work to help other people.
They would like you and me to be photographed with the new trustees. We went down
to the drawing room together. Ever since then my ties with Carnegie Corporation have
been close and happy. ...
In his Letter of Gift, ...Andrew Carnegie voices his faith in his trustees and in their
successor who, I quote, cannot fail to be able and good men. Tonight we may say with
sincerity that the last fifty years have proved him right.
The photo Margaret Carnegie refers to in these remarks is on page 22 of this magazine.