Body

Organization and
Homeostasis
Chapter 14.1
An introduction to Physiology

A. Introduction
Your body has levels of
organization.
Cells smallest unit
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems largest unit

B. Cells
Cells (def) the basic unit of
structure and function in all
living things.

Animal
cell

B. Cells
Cell membrane (def) the outer
boundary on an animal cell
Cell
membrane

B. Cells
Nucleus (def) the control center of
the cell that directs the cells activities
Contains information that determines
the cells form and function in the
form of DNA
Cell membrane
Nucleu
s

B. Cells
Cytoplasm (def) the clear, jellylike
substance that supports cells organelles

Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplas
m

B. Cells
Function to carry out the
processes that keep organisms alive

Grow
Reproduce
Remove waste
Release energy

What is the function of the

nucleus?

Direct the cells activities

C. Tissues

Tissue (def) a group of similar cells

working together to perform the same
function
4 types of tissue:
Muscle
tissue

Epithelial
tissue

Nervous
tissue

Connective
tissue

C. Tissues
Muscle tissue
Function carries out movement
Examples triceps, biceps, and heart

C. Tissues
Nervous tissue
Function carries electrical messages
between the brain and other parts of
body
Examples brain cells, nerve cells

C. Tissues
Connective tissue
Function provides support for
your body and connects all its parts
Examples bone tissue, fat tissue

C. Tissues

Epithelial tissue
Function inside and outside coverings
that protect the structures beneath
Examples skin, lining of digestive system

What is the job of muscle

tissue?

Carry out movement

Warm Up 4/16/15
1. How many levels of organization does
the body have and what are they?
2. What is the function of the nucleus?
3. What is the job of muscle tissue?
4. How many different Tissues are there
and what are they?
5. What is the role of the cell and what
are the basic examples?

D. Organs and Organ

Systems
Organs (def) a structure composed of
different kinds of tissues working
together to perform a specific job
Examples stomach, heart, brain, lungs

D. Organs and Organ

Systems
Organ systems (def) a group of
organs that work together to
perform a major function
Examples circulatory, digestive,
nervous, skeletal, endocrine,
respiratory, muscular, excretory,
reproductive

D. Organs and Organ

Systems
Circulatory system function
transports materials to and
from cells
Skeletal system function
supports and protects the body

D. Organs and Organ

Systems
Digestive system
function breaks
down food and
absorbs nutrients
Nervous system
function detects
information from
the environment
and controls body
functions

D. Organs and Organ

Systems

Endocrine system
function controls
many body process
by means of
chemicals
Muscular system
function enables
movement of body
and internal organs

D. Organs and Organ

Respiratory system function takes

Systems
in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide
Excretory system function removes
wastes

E. Homeostasis

Homeostasis (def) the process by

which an organisms internal
environment is kept stable in spite of
changes in the external environment

E. Homeostasis
Maintaining homeostasis
example
Your body wants to stay
close to 98.6F or 37 C.
If you get too hot you will
sweat to cool your body.
If you get too cold you
shiver.