Groupmembers:

GabrieleAppenzeller
JacobFiedler

ArchitectsinAction
ALessonPlanadoptedforanESLClassroom

1.

Overview
TheJohnnieCochranJr.MiddleSchoolinLosAngeles,California,teaches
grades6,7,and8.Intheschoolyear20112012,1160studentswereenrolledand
307ofthemwereconsideredEnglishlearners.78.3%ofthestudentswereofhispanic
descentandgenderdistributionisfairlyeven.TheschoolhasitsownEnglishasa
SecondLanguagedepartmentwithseventeachers.Thetechnologyleveloftheschool
ismoderate.Theteacherhasaccesstotheinternetandcandisplaymaterialthrougha
projectortoaboard.Ms.SharonSmith,theselectedESLteacherhasaclassroom
seating30studentsandhasaneboardinherclassroom.Ms.Smithisanative
Englishspeaker,butisfluentinSpanishaswell.Thecomprehensiveabilitiesofher
studentsconsideringEnglishlanguageskillsarelowtomoderatelow.Thestateof
CaliforniaadoptedtheCommonCorestandards.Thefollowinglessonplanisdesigned
foranESLclassofsixandseventhgraders.Thelessonplanwilladheretothe
CaliforniaStatestandardsandwillcoverthemathstandardsforthesegradelevels.A
specialemphasisontechnologyintegrationforthislessonisimplemented,however
duetoalackofaccesstoacomputerlab,theteacherhastomanagethisintegration
fromherdesktop.

ResearchindicatesthatESLstudentsdependheavilyonparentalsupport
(Stufft&Brogadir)inordertobesuccessfulinconqueringthenewlanguage.Asa
consequence,thelessonplanwillhaveahomeworkcomponentinwhichparentscan
beofassistance.AnotherchallengeforESLstudentsistheirsocioeconomic
backgroundandtheirdesiretofitin.Thelanguagebarriercanleadtothefeelingof
isolation.Thereforeateacherbeingabletocommunicateintheirnativelanguagehas
positiveaspectsandleadstoagreatersenseofacceptance.SinceMs.Smithisfluent

2.

inSpanishandmost,ifnotall,ofherstudentsareofhispanicbackground,wecan
assumethatthestudentswillprofitfromthisfact.
DescriptionofLearners,IntendedLearningGoals,andLessonContent

ThestudentsattendingMs.Smithsclassareattendingsixandseventhgrade.They
arebetween12and14yearsoldandthegenderdistributionisfairlyevenwith11boysand9
girlsattendingthisclass.Nodisabilitiesarereportedatthistime.Thestudentslivein
householdswithalowsocioeconomicbackgroundandSpanishisthelanguagespokenat
home.

Studentproficiencyreportsindicatebeginnertointermediateproficiencylevelsinthe
followingskillareas:Speaking,listening,reading,andwriting.Onlytwoofthetwentystudents
showtendenciestoreachanadvancedlevelinwritingandspeaking.

Thestudentsattendtheinstructionasasupportingmeasuretothemathclasseswhich
focusesatthistimetoteachtheprinciplesofratioandscale.Futurelessonplansinthisarea
willdeepentheunderstandingofthesemathematicalconcepts.Furtherexplorationofthis
themewillincludeproblemsolvingskillswhileattemptingtobuildmodelstoscaleaswellas
calculatingscaleusingratio.

TheESLlessonisintendedassupportivemeasuretothemathclassesinprogress.
Specialemphasiswillbetheacquisitionofvocabularyrelatedtothismathconceptaswellas
anoverallunderstandingofthetasksathand.Thestudentswillbeintroducedtoamapofthe
UnitedStatesofAmericawithamapkey.Thismapwillbedisplayedbytheeboard.The
rulerasatoolwillbeusedtoshowtherelationshipofinchesontherulertoactualmiles.As
anassessment,thestudentswilldemonstratetheirknowledgebymeasuringthedimensions
ofsinglestatesandhavetoreporttheactualsizeofthestate.Asahomeworkthestudents
willmeasurethesizeoftheirbedroomanddrawatwodimensionalmodeloftheirbedroom.

3.

LearningObjectives

1.
GivenamapoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthescaleinthemapkey,
Studentswilldemonstratetheprinciplesofratiosbycalculationtheactual
lengthandwidthofthestates
Kansas
,
NorthDakota
,and
Colorado
.

2.
Bymeasuringthelengthandwidthoftheirbedroominfeetasahomework
assignment,studentswillcalculateratiostoconstructatwodimensionalscale
modelanddemonstratethecorrectuseoftheterms
width
,
length
,
map
,
map
key
,and
scale
.

3.

4.

Giventhreescalemodelsandamapkey,studentswilldemonstratethe
knowledgeofEnglishvocabulary,inparticularthewords
width
,
length
,
map
,
map

key
,and
scale
,anditsmeaning.

Standards
Grade6Overview

RatiosandProportionalRelationships
Understandratioconceptsanduseratioreasoningtosolveproblems.

TheNumberSystem
Applyandextendpreviousunderstandingsofmultiplicationanddivisiontodividefractions
byfractions.
Computefluentlywithmultidigitnumbersandfindcommonfactorsandmultiples.
Applyandextendpreviousunderstandingsofnumberstothesystemofrationalnumbers.

ExpressionsandEquations
Applyandextendpreviousunderstandingsofarithmetictoalgebraicexpressions.
Reasonaboutandsolveonevariableequationsandinequalities.
Representandanalyzequantitativerelationshipsbetweendependentandindependent
variables.

Geometry
Solverealworldandmathematicalproblemsinvolvingarea,surfacearea,andvolume.

StatisticsandProbability
Developunderstandingofstatisticalvariability.

Summarizeanddescribedistributions.

MathematicalPractices
1.Makesenseofproblemsandpersevereinsolvingthem.
2.Reasonabstractlyandquantitatively.
3.Constructviableargumentsandcritiquethereasoningofothers.
4.Modelwithmathematics.
5.Useappropriatetoolsstrategically.
6.Attendtoprecision.
7.Lookforandmakeuseofstructure.
8.Lookforandexpressregularityinrepeatedreasoning.

Grade7Overview

RatiosandProportionalRelationships
Analyzeproportionalrelationshipsandusethemtosolverealworldandmathematical
problems.
TheNumberSystem
Applyandextendpreviousunderstandingsofoperationswithfractionstoadd,subtract,
multiply,anddividerationalnumbers.
Knowthattherearenumbersthatarenotrationalandapproximatethembyrational
numbers.
ExpressionsandEquations
Usepropertiesofoperationstogenerateequivalentexpressions.
Solvereallifeandmathematicalproblemsusingnumericalandalgebraicexpressionsand
equations.

Geometry
Draw,constructanddescribegeometricalfiguresanddescribetherelationshipsbetween
them.
Solvereallifeandmathematicalproblemsinvolvinganglemeasure,area,surfacearea,and
volume.
Solvereallifeandmathematicalproblemsinvolvingvolumeofcylinders,cones,and
spheres.

StatisticsandProbability
Userandomsamplingtodrawinferencesaboutapopulation.
Drawinformalcomparativeinferencesabouttwopopulations.
Investigatechanceprocessesanddevelop,use,andevaluateprobabilitymodels

MathematicalPractices
1.Makesenseofproblemsandpersevereinsolvingthem.
2.Reasonabstractlyandquantitatively.
3.Constructviableargumentsandcritiquethereasoningofothers.

4.Modelwithmathematics.
5.Useappropriatetoolsstrategically.
6.Attendtoprecision.
7.Lookforandmakeuseofstructure.
8.Lookforandexpressregularityinrepeatedreasoning.

Accordingto:
http://achieve.lausd.net/cms/lib08/CA01000043/Centricity/domain/219/ccss%20docs/CCSS%
20for%20ELA%20and%20MATH.pdf

5.
RequiredMaterials

PowerPointpresentationfeaturingslidesforinstruction:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1_gZmyC_Ev3KRojFGcYZnM2uZjhCDN
83mQv1Yuowp2o/edit?usp=sharing

pencils
rulers(metricorinches)
tapemeasure
Homeworksheetwithbedroomoutline
worksheetwithoutlineofthreestates
mapoftheUnitedStates(oneboard)
0,25inchgraphpaper

6.
Procedures

1. Introducetheword
scale
bywritingitontheboardandexplaintheconceptof
scale.Askstudentstocomeupwithexamplesofscalesandwhatthey
measure.Possibleanswers:temperatureofair,weightandlengthofanobject.
2. DisplaythemapoftheUnitedStatesontheeboard.Introducethemapkey
andpointoutthewords
mapkey
,
miles
,and
inches
.
3. Introducetherulerasatoolontheeboardanddemonstratetheconceptof
sizerelationshipthatoneinchonamaprepresentsseveralmilesinthereal
world.Writetheword
ratio
ontheboardandexplainthatcomparingthemapof
theUnitedStatestotheactualsizeoftheUnitedStatesisaratio.
4. Pointoutthatratiocanalsobeusedtoexplainrelationshipsofquantityand
amountbesidessize.Asanexampledisplaytherelationshipoffourquartersto
onedollarontheeboard.Thenwrite4:1ontheeboardandtheword
scale
nexttoit.Pointoutthat4:1isascale.

5. Drawanobjecttoscaleontheeboard.Takethetapemeasureandmeasure
thelengthandwidthoftheshelfininches.Writetheresultsontheeboard.
Thenexplaintothestudentsthatallpartsoftheshelfhavetoshrinkinsize
equallyinordertoestablishacorrectratio.Writeascaleontheeboardwhich
indicatestheactualmeasurementandthemeasurementrepresentingthe
shrunkversion.Byusingtherulerdrawtheshelfontheeboardbytakingthe
reducedamountofinchesforlengthandwidth.
6. Handouttheworksheetandaskthestudentstomeasurethelengthandwidth
ofthethreestatesandwritedowntheirresultsattheoutlineofthestates.Walk
aroundandassist.
7. Refertothescalenexttotheoutlineofthemapandexplainthatthenumbers
ontheirworksheetrepresentthesmallernumberonthescale.Ontheeboard
demonstratethattheyhavetocalculatetheactualsizeofthestatebyusingthe
numberstheywrotedownnexttothestate.

7.

Assessment
Handoutthehomeworksheetandexplainthattheoutlinesonthesheetrepresent
theirbedroomandbed.Askstudentstomeasurebothathomeandtranslatethose
measurementsintoascale.Ontheeboarddisplaythehomeworksheetand
demonstratethestepsthestudentshavetotakeforasuccessfulcompletion.Pointout
thecriteriaforthisassignment:thebedaswellasthebedroomhavetobelabeledwith
ameasurementininches.(4pts.).Ascalehastobeimplementedwithacorrectsize
relationship(4pts.).Byusingthewordsfromthewordbox,theworksheethastobe
labeledcorrectly(4pts.)

Explainthattheparentsmayassistathomeandthattheassignmentis12points
worth.

8.

ReferencesandReferenceMaterials
CaliforniaStateStandards:
http://achieve.lausd.net/cms/lib08/CA01000043/Centricity/domain/219/ccss%20docs/C
CSS%20for%20ELA%20and%20MATH.pdf

CochranMiddleSchooldemographics:
http://search.lausd.k12.ca.us/cgibin/fccgi.exe?w3exec=schoolprofile&which=8245

Images:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnnie_Cochran
https://www.google.com/search?q=united+states+of+america+map&rlz=1C1NCHB_en
US567US568&espv=2&biw=1360&bih=643&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=Fe7sV
KbyC4atyQTXhoLgBQ&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ&dpr=1#tbm=isch&q=united+states+of+

america+map+for+kids&revid=1594415941&imgdii=_&imgrc=LjXDr9PIAh09TM%253A
%3Bsb8XCywEOrxDM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fbensguide.gpo.gov%252Fimage
s%252Ficons%252Fus_map.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fbensguide.gpo.gov%25
2F35%252Fstate%252F%3B409%3B264

WebsiteLessonPlan:
http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/freelessonplans/architectsinaction.cfm

JournalArticles

Stufft,D.,Brogadir,R.(2011).UrbanPrincipals'FacilitationOfEnglishLanguage
LearningInPublicSchools
.

EducationandUrbanSociety,

43
(5),560575.

Inthisjournalarticlewrittenin2011byDerryStufftandRebeccaBrogadirtitled
UrbanPrincipalsFacilitationofEnglishLanguageLearninginPublicSchoolsthe
authorswritethataidingimmigrantsinthelearningofEnglishisbeginningtohaveakey
roleinmanyoftoday'sschoolsystems.TheydiscussindetailthedifferentELLmodels
thatarebeingimplementedinclassroomsthathaveahighnumberofstudentswhoare
notfluentintheEnglishlanguage.ThepartthatIfoundmostinterestingwashowthe
authorsstresstheneedfortheparentsofstudentswhoareinELLtobeinvolvedand
haveagoodrelationshipwiththeirchildrenwhoarelearningtheEnglishlanguage.It
alsogaveseveralbarchartsthatindicatehowthenumberofHispanicandother
minoritiesarerisinginthepublicschoolsysteminthelast30years

Borrero,N.,Yeh,C.,(2010).EcologicalEnglishLanguageLearningAmongEthnic
MinorityYouth.
EducationalResearcher,

39
(8),571581.

Inthearticle
EcologicalEnglishLanguageLearningAmongEthnicMinorityYouth
theauthorsexplainhowimportantitistounderstandthesocioeconomicbackgrounds
ofstudentswhoareinELLandwhodonotcompletelyunderstandtheEnglish
language.TheysayEnglishlanguagelearningcannotbeseparatedfromthesocial
contextsinwhichitoccurs.(pg.1).Thisquoteshowsthateducatorsneedtounderstand
thebackgroundsthatminoritystudentscomefromandthesocioeconomicrootsfrom
whichtheycame.AnotherpointthatthisarticlestressesisthefactthatELLstudents
needtofeelwelcomeandhaveasenseofbelongingatschool.Manytimesthe

studentswhodonotspeakfluentEnglishformcliquesandcanfeelasthoughtheyare
outcastsinschoolbecausetheycan'tcommunicatewellwiththeEnglishspeaking
students.Thisarticlebringstwoimportantpointstolightandaddresseshowteachers
needtoadjusttobettercommunicatewithstudentswhodonotspeakfluentEnglish.

HomeworkAssignment

Studentsshouldmeasuretheirbedroomsandtheirbeds.Labellengthandwidthonthe
outline.Usethewordsfromthewordboxtolabeltheremainingelements.

WordBox
length
width
scale
map

_____________________

Bedroom


Bed

________

_________

__________

__________

_____:_______________

Worksheet
SouthDakota

Length:
___________
Width
_____________

Scale
____:____

Actualsizelength:
_______
Actualsizewidth:
________

NorthDakota

Length:
___________
Width
_____________

Scale
____:____

Actualsizelength:
_______
Actualsizewidth:
________

Kansas

Length:
___________
Width
_____________

Scale
____:____

Actualsizelength:
_______
Actualsizewidth:
________