Chapter 23

Elementary Mensuration - I I
Rule 1
rem: To find volume of a cuboid if its length, breadth
t eight are given.
Volume of a cuboid = length x breadth x height
8.
maximum number o f boxes that can be carried in the

wooden box, is:
a)9800000
b) 7500000
c) 1000000
d) 1200000
( C D S Exam, 1991)
A tank 3 m long, 2 m wide and 1.5 m deep is dug in a field
22 m long and 14 m wide. I f the earth dug out is evenly
spread out over the field, the level o f the field w i l l rise by
nearly:
a) 0.299 cm b) 0.29 m m
c) 2.98 cm
d) 4.15 cm
rative Example
Find the volume o f a cuboid 24 m long, 18 m broad
and 16 m high.
Applying the above formula, we have
volume o f the cuboid = 24 x 1 8 x 16 = 6912 cubic
9.
A rectangular tank measuring internally 37 metres in
10.
length, 12 metres in breadth and 8 metres in depth, is full

o f water. Find the weight o f water in metric tons, given
that one cubic metre o f water weighs 1000 kilograms,
a) 3584 metric tons
b) 3684 metric tons
c) 3485 metric tons
d) 3884 metric tons
A room 3.3 metres high is half as long again as it is wide
metres.
rcise
Find the volume o f a cuboid 22 cm, by 12 cm, by 7.5 cm
iil980cucm
b)1890cucm
: 11680 cu cm
d) None o f these
The area o f a playground is 5600 sq. metres. Find the
cost o f covering it with gravel 1 cm deep, i f the gravel
costs Rs. 2.80 per cubic metre.

a)Rs 166.70 b)Rs 146.80 c)Rs 186.50 d)Rs 156.80
Find the volume o f a cuboid 90 metres by 50 metres by
"cm.
a)3375cum b ) 3 7 3 5 c u m c)3475cum d)3875cum
A room 5 metres high is h a l f as long again as it is broad
and its volume is 480 cubic metres. Find the length and
breadth o f the room.
a) 12 m, 8 m
b)9m,6m
c) 15 m, 10 m
d) Data inadequate
A river 2 metres oeep and 45 metres wide is flowing at
the rate o f 3 k m per hour. Find how much water runs into
the sea per minute.
a) 5000 c u m
b) 5400 c u m
c) 4500 cu m
d) None o f these
How many lead shots each 0.3 cm in diameter can be
made from a cuboid o f dimension 9 cm by 11 cm by 12
cm?
a) 84000
b) 86000
c) 85000
d) 48000
A wooden box o f dimensions 8 m x 7 m x 6 m i s t o carry
rectangular boxes of dimensions 8 cm x 7 cm x 6 cm. The
and its volume is 123 cub. metres. Find its length and
breadth.
a) 7.5 m, 6 m b ) 8 m , 5 m
c) 7.5 m, 5 m d) 8.5 m, 5 m
11. A rectangular block o f stone measures 20 dm in length,
18 dm in breadth and 9 dm in height. What is its volume?
a) 4230 cub dm
b) 3240 cub dm
c) 3 328 cub dm
d) None o f these
12. A brick measures 22 cm by 10 cm by 7 cm. Find its v o l ume.
a) 1540 cub cm
b ) 1450 cub cm
c) 1640 cm
d) None o f these
13. A piece o f squared timber is 7 metres long and 0.1 metre
both in width and thickness. What is its weight at the
rate o f 9 5 0 k g per cubic metres?
a) 66 kg
b)67kg
c) 66.5 kg
d) 68.5 kg
14. H o w many cubic metres o f masonry are there in a wall 81
metres long, 4 metres high and 0.2 metre thick.
a) 64.8 cub m b ) 69 cub m c ) 6 8 c u b m d) 68.9 cub m
15. A tank contains 60000 cubic metres o f water. I f the length
and breadth are 50 metres and 40 metres respectively,
P R A C T I C E B O O K ON Q U I C K E R MATHS
576
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
find the depth.

a) 50 metres b) 25 metres c) 30 metres d) 20 metres
I f 210 cubic metres o f sand be thrown into a tank 12
metres long and 5 metres wide, find how much the water
will rise?
a) 3.5 m
b)4m
c)7m
d) Data inadequate
The area o f playground is 4800 sq metres. Find the cost
o f covering it with gravel 1 cm deep, i f the gravel costs
Rs 480 per cubic metre.
a) Rs 23400 b)Rs 24300 c)Rs 23040 d)Rs 24030
A beam is 8 metres long, 0.5 m broad and 0.2 m thick.
What is its cost at Rs 7000 per cubic metre?
a)Rs5600
b)Rs5800
c)Rs6600
d)Rs5400
What length must be cut o f f a straight plank 2.5 m broad
and 0.025 m thick in order that it may contain 0.25 cubic
metre?
a) 6 m
b)3m
c)4m
d)5m
A rectangular tank is 50 metres long and 29 metres deep.
I f 1 POO cubic metres o f water be drawn o f f the tank, the
level o f the water in the tank goes down by 2 metres.
How many cubic metres o f water can the tank hold?
a) 14500 cub metres
b) 12500 cub metres
a) 40 kg
b)39kg
c ) 3 8 k g d) Data inadequate
27. A field is 500 metres long and 30 metres broad and a tank
50 metres long, 20 metres broad and 14 metres deep is
dug in the field, and the earth taken out o f it is spread
evenly over the field. H o w much is the level o f the field
raised?
a)0.5m
b)1.5m
c) 1 m
d)2m
Answers
1. a
2. d; Hint: Volume o f gravel
1 >
5600 x
100. cu metres. = 56 c u . m .
Cost o f gravelling = Rs (56 * 2.80) = Rs 156.80.
3.a
4. a; Hint: Let breadth = x. Then, length = x metres.
3
or, x x x x 5 = 480
or, x = 8
.-. breadth = 8 m and length = 12 m

5. c; Hint: Distance covered by water in 1 min
'3000^
^
c) 16500 cub metres
d) 15500 cub metres
21. A river 10 metres deep and 200 metres wide is flowing at
60 J
m = 50m
Water
er that runs in 1 min = (50 x 45 x2) cu m = 4500 c. the rate o f 4 km/hr. Find how many cubic m o f water
6. a; Hint: Number o f lead shots =
run into the sea per second.
a) 2500 cub metres
b) 2000 cub metres
c) 2200 cub metres
d) None o f these
22. A swimming bath is 24 m long and 15 m broad. When a
number o f men dive into the bath, the height o f the water
rises by one cm. I f the average amount o f water displaced by one o f the men be 0.1 cub m , how many men
are there in the bath?
a) 32
b)46
c)42
d)36
23. H o w many beams, each 4 metres long and measuring 20
cm by 12 cm at the end, can be cut from a piece o f timber
12 metres long and I metre by 80 cm at its end?
a) 100
b) 150
c)250
d) 125
24. A school room is to be built to accommodate 70 children, so as to allow 2.2 sq metres o f floor and 11 cub
metres o f space for each child. I f the room be 14 metres
long, what must be its breadth and height?
a) 12 metres, 5.5 metres
b) 11 metres, 5 metres
c) 13 metres, 6 metres
d) 11 metres, 4 metres
25. A cistern is constructed to hold 200 litres, and the base
o f the cistern is a square metre. What is the depth o f the
cistern? A cubic metre is 1000 litres.
a) 50 cm
b)20cm
c)25cm
d)40cm
26. Find the weight (to the nearest kilogram) o f an iron rod
o f square section, 10 metres long and 2.3 cm broad. A
cubic cm o f iron weighs 7.207 grams.
Volume o f cuboid
Volume o f 1 lead she"
9x11x12
1
84000
22
[SeeRule-10]
- x x0.3x0.3x0.3
6
800x700x600
--
7. c; Hint: Number o f boxes =
= 1000(
8x7x6
8. c; Hint: Volume o f earth dug out = (3 x 2 x 1.5)
Area over which earth is spread [(22
14) - (3
=9 i
2)] n"
= 302 m .
2
9
.-. Increase in level = r r r
J02
9x100
m
cm = 2.98
302
9. a; Hint: volume o f water = 37 x 12x8 cub metres
112
Weight o f water = x 12x8x1000 k g
= 3584000 kg = 3584 metric tons.
10. c; Hint: Length = x breadth; height = ^~ metro
3
33
3
x breadth x breadth x = 123 cub metres
10
ementary Mensuration - I I
_
,
Or, (breadth)
J
577
495 2 10
= x - x - = 25 sq m
breadth = ^25
.-. depth = - m = j x l O O =20 cm.

26. c; Hint: Required answer
5 ni
10x100x2.3x2.3x7x7.207
38.125 kg * 38 kg.
1000
.-. length = - x 5 m = 7 . 5 m .
27. c
12.a
I.b
" . c; Hint: Volumeofthetimber = 7 x 0.1 *0.1 = 0 . 0 7 c u m

.-. Weight ofthe timber = 0.07 * 950 = 66.5 kg
4. a
Rule 2
Theorem: To find volume of a cuboid if its area of base or
top, area of side face and area of other side face are given.
60000
c; Hint: Required depth
50x40
Volume of the cuboid=
30 metres
a; Hint: Let the initial height be h and the height after

sand is thrown be H metres.
We have to find ( H - h). According to the question, 12 x
5 x ( H - h ) = 210
- J
0.25
c; Hint: Required length
2.5x0.025
= 4 metres.
0. a; Hint: 50 x b x 2 = 1000
(See Q. No. 16)
.-. b = 1 0 m
.-. capacity o f the tank = 50 X 10 x 29 = 14500 cub m
[Also see Rule - 24]
9
9
5
L a ; Hint: Speed ofthe river = km/hr = ^ J^~
X
area o f base or top x area o f one face x

area o f the other face
= area of one side face
and
5
~^ m/sec
Ex. 1: Area o f the base o f a cuboid is 9 sq metres, area o f

side face and area o f other side face are 16 sq metres
and 25 sq metres respectively. Find the volume ofthe
cuboid.
Soln: A p p l y i n g the above formula, we have
the required answer = V 9 x 1 6 x 2 5 = V J 6 0 0 = 60 cu.
metres.
Find the volume o f a cuboid whose area o f base and
two adjacent faces are 180 sq cm, 96 sq cm and 120 sq
cm respectively.
Soln: We have, volume o f a cuboid
Ex.2:
area o f base x area o f one facex

area o f the other face
= V l 8 0 x 9 6 x 1 2 0 = 1440 cu. cm.
2. d; Hint: Let the no. o f men be n. N o w , from the question,
Exercise
we have
24 x 1 5 x 0 . 0 1 = n x 0.1
[SeeQ. N o . - 1 6 ]
1.
2 4 x 10.1
5 x 0 . 0 1 = 36.
12x1x0.8
a; H i n t : Required no. o f beams
4x0.2x0.12
= 100
70x2.2
The area o f a side o f a box is 120 sq cm. The area o f the

other side o f the box is 72 sq cm. I f the area o f the upper
surface o f the box is 60 sq cm then find the volume o f the
box.
b)86400 c m '
a) 259200 c n r
4 b; Hint: 14 xb = 70x2.2
h=
Illustrative Examples
[/>
5
required answer = 1 0 x 2 0 0 x = 2 5 0 0 cub m.
4
b=
/f
Ay = area of other side face.
3.5 metres
c; Hint: Cost o f covering the playground = 4800 x 0.01 x

480 = Rs 23040
.a
~6Q~
Where, A = area of base or top,
210 _ 7
H-h=
Â x A x
c)720 c m
d) Can't be determined
( B S R B Bangalore P O - 2000)
11 metres and I x b x h = 70 x 11
14
70x11
70x11
lxb
70x2.2
2.
5 b; Hint: 1 sq m x depth =
200

box.
000
a) 80 c m
= 5 metres.
3.
b)40 c m
c)64 c m
d)72 c m
578
"
6.

box.
a)85 c m
b)90 c m
c) 120 c m
7.
d) None o f these
Find the volume and surface o f a cuboid whose dimensions are 36 m, 1 2 m and 1 m .
a) 432 cu m, 960 sq m
b) 532 c u m , 860 s q m
c) 532 cu m, 960 sq m
d ) None o f these
A closed wooden box measures externally 45 cm long.
35 cm broad and 30 cm high, i f the thickness o f the wood
Answers
1. c; Hint: Required answer
is 2 cm, find the cost o f painting the box inside at the
= V l 2 0 x 7 2 x 6 0 = V 7 2 x 7 2 x l 0 0 = 720 c m
2. a
rate o f Rs 2 per square dm.

a)Rs600
b)Rs59
c)Rsl59
3.b
Rule 3
d) Rs 118
Answers
l.a
2.c
Theorem: To find the whole surface area of a cuboid if its

length, breadth and height are given.
Whole surface area of the cuboid = 2(lb + bh + Ih)
3. c; Hint: Area needed = 2 (lb + bh + Ih)
Where, I = length, b = breadth and It = height of the cuboid.
4. d; Hint: Let the length, breadth and height be 6x, 5x and 4x
= 2 [(25 x 15) + (15 x 8) + (25 * 8 ) ] = 1390
Illustrative Example
Ex.:
.-.
Soln:
thickness.
Applying the above formula, we have the
surface area = 2 ^ 4 x 2 + 4 x + 2 x j = 19
metres respectivley.
Then, 2 x [6x x 5x + 5x x 4x + 6x x 4x] = 33300
Find the surface area o f a slab o f stone measuring 4
metres in length, 2 metres in width and metre in
5. a
148x = 3 3 3 0 0
or, x
=225
or,x=15
So, length = 90 m, breadth = 75 m and height = 60 m

6.a
7. d; Hint: Internal length = 45 - - x 2 = 40 cm

2
S
Internal breadth = 3 5 - x 2 = 30 cm
2
Exercise
1.
2.
Find the surface area o f a cuboid 22 cm by 12 cm by 7.5

cm.
a)1038sqcm
b)1238sqcm
c)1138sqcm
d) 1308sqcm
I f the length, breadth and height o f a cuboid are 2m, 2m
and 1 m respectively, then its surfare area ( i n m ) is:
a) 8
b) 12
c) 16
d)24
(NDA Exam-19901
The area o f the cardboard (in c m ) needed to make a box
o f size 25 cm x 15 cm 8 cm w i l l be:
a) 390
b)1000
c)1390
d)2780
I f the length, breadth and height o f a rectangular
parallelopiped are in the ratio 6 : 5 : 4 and i f total surface
area is 33,300 m then the length, breadth and height o f a
parallelopiped (in cm) respectivley are:
a) 90,85,60 b) 90,75.70 c) 85,75,60 d) 90,75,60
|NDA E x a m - 1 9 9 0 |
A cuboid i s 2 0 m x ] 0 m x 8 m . Find its length o f diagonal,
Internal height = 3 0 - ^ x 2 = 25 cm
Internal surface area
= 2 [40 x 3 0 + 40 x 2 5 + 3 0 x 2 5 ] =5900 sq cm
5900x2
.-. required cost o f painting = = Rs 118.
10x10
3.
4.
Rule 4
Theorem: To find the diagonal
breadth and height are given.
Diagonal of cuboid = ^//
b) 27.35m,860 m , 1 8 0 0 m
c) 23.75m,860 m , 1 6 0 0 m
d) 23.75m,880 m , 1 8 0 0 m
; where I = length,
Ex.:
Find the length o f diagonal o f a cuboid 12 m long. I
Soln:
A p p l y i n g the above formula, we have

diagonal = ^ 1 2 + 9 + 8
2
= V 2 8 ? = 1 " *
Exercise
1.
broad and 8 m high.
a) 23.75m,880 m , 1 6 0 0 m
2
surface area and volume.

2
b = breadth and
It = height of the cuboid.
5.
of a cuboid if its length
Find the diagonal o f a cuboid 22 cm, by 12 cm by 7.5 c m
579
a)684.25cm b)26.15cm c)25.14cm d)25.16cm

Find the length o f the longest pole that can be put in a
room 10 metres by 8 metres by 5 metres,
a) 12 m
b)16m
c)13m
d)14m
The diagonal o f a cuboid 22 cm by 12 cm by 7.5 cm is:
a) 13.83 cm b) 6.04 cm
c) 24.25 cm d) 26.15 cm
The length o f the longest rod that can be placed in a
room 30 m long, 24 m broad and 18 m high, is:
3.
4.
a)30m
0)15^2 m
a ) 1 7 5 s q c m b ) 1 7 0 s q c m c) 165sqcm d ) 1 8 5 s q c m
Answers
La
2.b
Rule 6
(i) volume of the cube = a
(Hi) diagonal of the cube - (V3a) units.

I f diagonal o f a cube is given, then the volume o f the
1. b
diagonal^
cube is given by
2. c; Hint: Length o f longest pole

2
cubic units.
2
Note:
= diagonal = V l O + 8 + 5
(ii) whole surface of the cube = ( 6 a ) sq units.
[NDA Exam-19911
Answers
4.a
T h e o r e m : If each edge (or side) of a cube is 'a' units then
d) 30^/2 m
c)60m
3.d
= J\69
= 13 m .
d; Hint: Length o f the longest rod = length o f diagonal
Ex.:
Find the volume, surface area and the diagonal o f a

cube, each o f whose sides measures 2 cm.
= V ( i + b + h ) = >/(30) + ( 2 4 )
2
+(24)
Soln:
Volume= o = ( 2 x 2 x 2 ) = 8 c m
= V l 8 0 0 = 3 0 ^ 2 m.
Surface area= 6a
Rule 5
Diagonal = ^3 x a = 2^3
The sum o f length, breadth and height o f a cuboid is

25 cm and its diagonal is 15 cm long. Find the total
surface area o f the cuboid.
Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have
the total surface area
Ex.:
2.
1.
The sum o f length, breadth and height o f a cuboid is 5

cm and its diagonal is 4 cm long. Find the total surface
area o f the cuboid.
a) 9 sq cm
b) 3 sq cm
c) 10 sq cm
d) Data indequate
2.

3.
4.
Find the volume o f a cube each o f whose sides measure

18 cm.
a) 5823 cu cm
b)8532cucm
c)5832cucm
d) None o f these
Find the surface area and the diagonal o f a cube, each o f
whose sides measure 18 cm.
a) 1944 sq cm, 18^3
b) 1844 sq cm, 18^3
c) 1644 sq cm, 12^3
0 None o f these
= 6 2 5 - 2 2 5 = 400 s q c m .
Exercise
a) 840 sq cm
Exercise
1.
= (6 x 2 x 2 ) = 24 c n r
Theorem: To find total surface area of a cuboid if the sunt

of all three sides and diagonal are given. Total surface
area = (Sum of all three sides) - (Diagonal)
= (25) -(l5)
A p p l y i n g the above theorem,
b) 480 sq cm
c) 450 sq cm
d) None o f these
a) 60 sq cm b) 96 sq cm c) 90 sq cm d) 80 sq cm
3.
4.
5.
A cube has a diagonal 17.32 cm long. Find the volume o f

the cube.
a)1000cucm
b)1500cucm
c)2000cucm
d)2500cucm
Find the volume and surface area o f a cube, whose each
edge measures 25 cm.
a) 15265 c u c m , 3750 sqcm b) 15625 cucm, 3750sq cm
c) 15625 cu cm, 3850 sq cm d) Data inadequate
Find the volume o f a cube whose diagonal is 10V3
metres.
6.
a ) 1 0 0 0 c u m b ) 1 2 0 0 c u m c) 1500cum d ) H 0 0 c u m
A certain cube o f wood was bought for Rs 768. I f the
wood costs Rs 1500 per cubic metre, find the length o f
each edge o f the cube.
a) 70 cm
b)80cm
c)90cm
580
The length o f diagonal o f a cube is ( l 4 x V3) cm. The
.1500
surface area o f the cube is:

a)588 c m
b) 1176 c m c)33.908 c m d)294 c m
I f each side o f a cube is doubled, then its volume:
a) is doubled
b) becomes 4 times
2
9.
c) becomes 6 times
d) becomes 8 times
The length o f the longest rod that can fit in a cubical
room o f 4 m side, is:
d) 7.264 m
a) 8.66 m
b) 5.196 m
c) 6.928 m
2
10. The surface area o f a cube is 600 cm , The length o f its
10V2
10
c
length o f each edge
= (512000)^ = (80x80x80)^' =80 cm

7.b; Hint:
Va +a +a
2
= 14x S
=> V3a = 14x S
=> a = 14
.-. Surface area

= 6xa' = ( 6 x l 4 x l 4 ) c m
=1176cm .
2
8. d;Hin* Let original length o f edge = a. Then, volume =
diagonal is:
a)
.-.
x100x100^ =512000cucm
) 10V3 cm c) ^
cm
10
c cm
d)
11. The percentage increase in surface area o f a cube when

each side is doubled, is:
a) 25%
b)50%
c) 150%
d)300%
12. A cubic metre o f copper weighing 9000 kilograms is rolled
into a square bar 9 metres long. A n exact cube is cut off
from the bar. H o w much does it weigh?
a 3
New edge = 2a; N e w volume = ( 2 a ) = 8 a .

3
.-. The volume becomes 8 times the original volume.

9. c; Hint: Diagonal = 4 ^ 3 = 6.928 m.
10. b; Hint:
6 a = 600 => 3 a = 300 =>
2
= ^ 3 0 0 = 10^3
.-. Diagonal = 10^3
cm.
11. d; Hint: Let the edge o f the cube = a.

a) 3 3 3 1 kg b) 2 3 3 ^ k g c) 3 3 4 i k g d) 3 3 3 ^ k g
Then, surface area = 6 a

2
13. Find the volume and surface o f a cube whose edge is 15

metres.
a) 3375 c u m , 1350 sqm
b) 3385 c u m , 1550 s q m
c) 3375 c u m , 1450 s q m
d) 3835 c u m , 1350 s q m
14.
New edge = 2a. So, new surface area = 6 x ( 2 a ) = 24 a .

2
18aIncrease =
xlOO % = 300%.
The diagonal o f a cube is 30>/3 metres. What is the

12. a; Hint: (Area o f the square end) * 9 = vol = 1 cub metre
solid content?
a) 27000 c u m
b) 9000 c u m
c) 64000 cu m
d) None o f these
15. The three co-terminus edges o f a rectangular solid are
36, 75 and 80 cm respectively. Find the edge o f a cube
which w i l l be o f the same capacity?
a) 70 cm
b) 36 cm
c) 60 cm
d) Data inadequate
16. A cube o f metal each edge o f which measures 5 cm,
weighs 0.625 kg. What is the length o f each edge o f a
cube o f the same metal which weighs 40 kg?
a) 20 cm
b)25cm
c)15cm
d)30cm
Answers
l.c
2.a
3.a;Hint: See Note: Required answer
IT
.-. side o f the square end = J metres = - metre

1 1 1 1
.. Vol. ofthe cube = y = cub metre
x
.-. Weight o f cube =
9000
1
^
= 3J3 j kg.
[Also See Rule-25]

13. a
14. a
15. c; Hint: Volume ofthe rectangular solid
= 36 x 75 x 80 = 216000 cu cm
.-. edge o f the cube = ^ 2 1 6 0 0 0
60 cm.
16. a; Hint: Volume ofthe cube = 5 x 5 5 = 125 cu cm

x
'l7.32
17.32
0.625 kg = 125 c u c m
= (10) =1000 c m
3
V3"
1.732
4.b
5. a
6. b; Hint: Volume o f the cube
125
.
4 0 k g = x 40 = 8 0 0 0 c u c m .
U.OZJ
.-. edge = V8000 = 20 cm.
/IATHS
581
Cylinder
Rule 7
Theorem: If the radius of the base of a cylinder is 'r' units
and its height (or length) is 'h' units, then volume of the
9.
cylinder is given by [nr h) cu. units, ie.

2
Volume of the cylinder = Area of the base of cylinder x
10.
Height of the cylinder.
a) 220 cub m
c) 440 cub m
Ex.:
Find the volume of a cylinder which has a height o f 14

11.
metres and a base o f radius 3 metres.

Soln:
Applying the above theorem,

Volume
22
- x 3 x 3 x l 4 = 396 u.metres.
C
12.
Exercise
1.
2.
4.
6.
Find the volume o f a cylinder o f length 80 cm and the

diameter o f whose base is 7 cm.
a) 8030 c u c m
b) 3080 c u c m
c) 3680 cucm
d) 3280 c u c m
Find the volume o f an iron rod which is 7 cm long and
whose diameter is 1 cm.
a)5.5cucm b)6.5cucm c ) 5 c u c m
d) 11 c u c m
Water flows at 10 k m per hour through a pipe with cross
section a circle o f radius 35 cm, into a cistern o f dimensions 2 5 m by 12 m by 10 m . B y how much w i l l the water
level rise in the cistern in 24 minutes?
a)15.13m
b)5.13m
c)4.13m
d)6.13m
A powder tin has a square base w i t h side 8 cm and height
13 cm. Another is cylindrical w i t h radius o f its base 7 cm
and height 15 cm. Find the difference in their capacities.
a)2130cucm
b)2310cucm
c) 1478 cu cm
d) 1468 cu cm
A metallic sphere o f radius 21 cm is dropped into a cylindrical vessel, which is partially filled with water. The d i ameter o f the vessel is 1.68 metres. I f the sphere is completely submerged, find by how much the surface o f
water w i l l rise.
a) 1.75 cm
b)2cm
c) 2.25 cm
d) 1.25 cm
A hollow garden roller 63 cm wide with a girth of440 cm
is made o f iron 4 cm thick. The volume o f iron is:
a) 56372 c m
b) 58752 c m
c)54982 c m
d)57636 c m "
The radius o f a wire is decreased to one third. I f volume

remains same, length w i l l increase:
8.
a) 1 time
b) 6 times
c) 3 times
d) 9 times
Find the volume o f the cylinders in which
(i) height = 6 cm, area o f base = 5 sq m
a) 30 cub cm
b) 20 cub cm
c) 15 cub cm
d) 35 cub cm
(ii) height = 7 metres, radius = 10 metres

a) 2000 cub m
b) 4400 cub m
c) 2200 cub m
d) 4000 cub m
The circumference o f the base o f a cylinder is 6 metres
and its height is 44 metres. Find the volume.
a) 126 cub m
b) 128 cub m
c) 136 cub m
d) None o f these
H o w many cubic metres o f earth must be dug out to sink
a well 35 metres deep and 4 metres in diameter?
13.
14.
The diameter o f a cylindrical tank is 24.5 metres and depth

32 metres. H o w many metric tons o f water w i l l it hold?
(One cubic metre o f water weighs 1000 kg).
a) 15062 metric tonnes
b ) 16092 metric tonnes
c) 15092 metric tonnes
d) 13062 metric tonnes
A cylindrical iron rod is 70 cm long, and the diameter o f
its end is 2 cm. What is its weight, reckoning a cubic cm
o f iron to weigh 10 grams?
a) 4 k g
b) 4.2 kg
c) 2.2 kg d) Data inadequate
Find the height o f the cylinder whose volume is 511 cub
metres and the area o f t h e base 36.5 sq metres.
a) 14 m
b)22m
c ) 2 1 m d) Data inadequate
A cylindrical vessel, whose base is 14 dm in diameter
holds 2310 litres o f water. Taking a litre o f water to occupy 1000 cubic cm, what is the height o f the vessel in
dm?
a) 150 dm
15.
b) 660 cub m
b) 15 dm
c) 1.5 dm d) Data inadequate
3
Find how many pieces o f money cm in diameter and
1
~ c m thick must be melted down to form a cube whose
8
edge is 3 cm long?
a) 820 (nearly)
c) 489 (nearly)
b) 480 (nearly)
d) 889 (nearly)
Answers
1. b; Hint: Length = height o f the cylinder = 80 cm and radius
ofbase = 3.5 cm
I 22
volume-*-"*' h = | y x 3 . 5 x 3 . 5 x 8 0
= 3080 cu cm
22
1 1 _ 11
2. a; Hint: Required answer = x 7 x x - =5.5 c u c m
2 2
3. b; Hint: volume flown in 24 m i n
22
35
35
7 * 100* 100*
10000
-x24
60
= 1540 cu m
Initial volume o f cistern = (25 x 1 0 x 1 0 ) = 3000 cu m

4540
New level
25x12
15.13m
582
.-. Rise in level = (15.13 -10) = 5.13 m.
220x10
.-. weight o f the cylinder =
22
4. c; Hint: Required answer = y x 7 x 7 x l 5 - 8 x 8 x l 3
13. a; Hint: nr \i
2
= 2310-832= 1478 cucm.

5. a; Hint: Volume o f sphere
'4
22
x21x21x21
=38808 cucm.
.-. h=
=511 cubmand
3O.J
= 14m.
.'. h =
2310x1000x7
v. . . . _
15. c; Hint: Volume o f one piece o f money

2 l
22
440
2x22
= 7 0 cm.
-xx
.-. Required answer
3x3x3x7x8x8x8
Inner radius = (70 - 4) cm = 66 cm

Volume o f iron
22x3x3x1
= n[(70) - (66) ]x 63 = ( x 136 x 4 x 63

V7
J
2
ldm=10cm]
= 150 cm = 15 dm.
22 x 70 x 70
= 7ir"h = x
x
=36.5 sq m
511
6. b; Hint: Circumference = 440 cm - > 2nr = 440
or, r =
22
14. b;Hint: y x 7 0 x 7 0 x h = 2 3 1 0 x 1 0 0 0 [
22
. x 8 4 x 8 4 x h =38808
" 7
.-. h= 1.75 cm.
= 2.2 kg
1000
Rule 8
58752 cm'
7. d; Hint: Let radius = R and length = h, volume = ^ R ^ h

1
New radius = - R. Let new length = H
= 488.72*489

and its height (or length) is 'h' units, then curved surface
area of the cylinder is {2nrh)
sq units ie
Surface area = circumference
of the base x height
(1 V
Volume= **l~&j
7iR H
H =
*
Ex.:
Find the curved surface area o f a cylinder which has

a height o f 14 metres and a base o f radius 3 metres.
A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we have the
Soln:
,
, R
h = ^ i
8.(i)a
o r H = 9h.
22
curved surface area = 2 x y x 3 x l 4 = 264 sq metres.
(ii)c
22
9.a;Hint: 2 x y x r = 6
6x7
.'. r =
Exercise
22x2
1.
2,
22
6x7x6x7
.-. volume = r h = *
x44
7
44 x 44
= 126 cub metres.
2.
22
10. c;Hint: Required answer = y x 2 x 2 x 3 5 = 4 4 0 cub m.
11. c; Hint: Volume ofthe cylinder
22 24.5x24.5
= *
7
2x2
x
.
3.
f
j
= 15092 cub metres
Since 1 cubic metre = 1000 kg

.-. 1 cubic metre = 1 metric ton
( v 1000 kg = 1 metric ton)
.-. required answer = 15092 metric tonnes.
12. c; Hint: Volume ofthe iron rod
22
x l x l x 7 0 = 2 2 0 cub cm
4.
Find the curved surface area o f a cylinder o f length 80

cm and the diameter o f whose base is 7 cm.
a) 1460 sq cm
b) 1560 sq cm
c) 1760 sqcm
d) 1960 sqcm
The area o f the curved surface o f a cylinder is 4400 c m
and the circumference o f its base is 110 cm. Find the
height and the volume o f the cylinder.
a)40 cm, 38500 cu cm
b)45 cm, 38500 cu cm
c) 40 cm, 38500 c u c m
d)45 cm, 38560 cucm
H o w many cubic metres o f the earth must be dug out to
sink a well 21 metres deep and 6 metres in diameter? Find
the cost o f plastering the inner surface o f the well at Rs
9.50 per sq metre.
a)594cum,Rs3762
b) 694 cu m, Rs 3672
c) 574 cum,Rs 3752
d) None o f these
A cylindrical tower is 5 m in diameter and 14 m high. The
cost o f white washing its curved surface at 50 paise per
m is:
a)Rs90
b)Rs97
c)Rsl00
d)Rsll0
2
5.
583

and its height (or length) is 7r' units, then the total surface
is 264 c m . The radius o f its base is:

a) 3 cm
b) 4 cm
2
6.
7.
Rule 9
The height o f a cylinder is 14 c m and its curved surface
c) 2.4 cm
d) 12.4 cm
Find the curved surface o f the cylinders in which
(i) height = 10 m, circumference = 12 m
a) 120 s q m
b) 140 s q m
c) 136 s q m
d) 142 s q m
(ii) height= 14 m, radius = 10 m
a) 840 s q m
b) 880 s q m
c) 780 s q m
d) 980 s q m
The diameter o f a cylindrical granite column is 1.5 metres
and its height is 14 metres. Find the cost o f polishing its
curved surface at the rate o f Rs 7.50 per sq metre.
a)Rs495
b)Rs595
c)Rs695
d)Rs395
area of the cylinder is {inrh + 2%r ) sq units.

2
Or, Total surface area = 2nr(h + r) sq units = Circumference x (height + radius)
Ex.:
Soln:
Find the total surface area o f a cylinder which has a

height o f 14 metres and a base o f radius 3 metres.
22
22
total surface area = 2 x x 14 x 3 + x 2 x 3 x3

= 264 + ^
= 320.57
units.
Answers
1. c; Hint: Curved Surface = *
2
22
=( 2 x ^ x 3 . 5 x 8 0
r h
Exercise
1.
= 1760 sq cm.
4400
2. a; Hint: height =
2nr = 110 cm
2.
40 cm
TTo~
or, r
_ 110x7
22
35
cm
44
35
a) 5280 sq cm, 6512 sq cm, 36960 cu cm

b) 2560 sq cm, 6152 sq cm, 36960 cu cm
c) 5280 sq cm, 6513 sq cm, 36960 cu cm
d) 5280 sq cm, 6152 sq cm, 39660 cu cm
35
.-. Volume= nr h = x x x4Q = 3 8 5 0 0 c u c m .
Find the total surface area o f a cylinder o f length 80 cm

and the diameter o f whose base is 7 cm.
a) 1837 sqcm
b) 1687 sqcm
c) 1737 sqcm
d) 1537 sqcm
Calculate the curved surface area, the total surface area
and the volume o f a cylinder w i t h base radius 14 cm and
height 60 cm.
3.
3. a; Hint: Volume o f the earth dug out = Volume o f the well

22 x 3 x 3 x 2 1 = 5 9 4 c u m
7
Curved surface area o f the w e l l
4.
22
= 2 x --x3x21 =396 s q m
.-. required cost = 396 x 9.50 = Rs 3762.
4. d; Hint: Curved surface
OO
5.
= 27irh = 2 x x - x l 4 | = 2 2 0 m
7
2
6.
Cost o f white washing = Rs
22
5.a;Hint: 2 x x r x l 4 = 264
220 x
Rs 110
a) 27th
264
'
~88~
A solid cylinder has a total surface area o f 231 square

cm. Its curved surface area is (2/3) o f the total surface
area. Find the volume o f the cylinder.
a) 270 c u c m
b) 269.5 c u c m
c) 256.5 c u c m
d) 289.5 c u c m
The sum o f the radius o f the base and the height o f a
solid cylinder is 37 m . I f the total surface area o f the
cylinder be 1628 sq m , find the volume.
a)4620cum b)4630cum c)4520cum d)4830cum
The ratio o f total surface area to lateral surface area o f a
cylinder whose radius is 80 cm and height is 20 cm is:
a)2:l
b)3:l
c)4:l
d)5: 1
I f the diameter o f the base o f a closed right circular cylinder is equal to its height h, then its whole surface area is:
= 3 c m
b) y T t h
2
c)
|7th
d) rch
[NDA Exam-1990]
Answers
6. ( i ) a
(ii)b
1. a; Hint: Total Surface = (2rcrh + 2TCT 2 )
2x22x1.5x14
7. a; Hint: Curved surface area = z~
= (1760) + ^ 2 x y x 3 . 5 x 3 . 5
= 66 sq m
= (1760 + 77)= 1837 sqcm
:. Cost ofpolishig = 66 x 7.50 = Rs 495.
2. a
584
1 22
Case I I : Volume ofthe sphere = - x x 42 x 42 x 42
6
7
= 38808 cubic cm.
77
or, rcr =
or, 2m- = 77
2
77
22
x = cm
Exercise
1.
22
or, 2 x - x x h = 154
.'. h = 7 cm
22
2.
.-. Volume = 2rcr h = y x - x - x 7 = 2 6 9 . 5 c u c m .

2
3.
4 . a ; H i n t : r + h = 37and 27tr ( r + h > = 1628

= 22
or, Tcr
74
1628
a) 179.6 cu cm
c) 176.9 c u c m
r = 7 cm and h = 3 7 - 7 = 3 0 c m
22
Volume = 7 t r h = y x 7 x 7 x 3 0 = 4620 cu cm.
4.
Total sufface area _27crh + 2Tcr _ 2 r c r ( h + r )

2
5. d; Hint:
Lateral surface area
2Tcrh
2rcrh
5.
h +r
/ 20 + 80
=
\0
= 5 : l
6.
1
6. c; Hint: Radius = h and height = h
fi
= 2TCX| h
k2
7.
x h + 2 re x
j
= -7th
2
b)6.015kg
c)5.016kg
d)5.015kg
A spherical ball o f radius 3 cm is melted and recast into

three spherical balls. The radii o f two o f these balls are
1.5 cm and 2 cm. Find the radius o f the third ball.
a) 5 cm
b) 1.5 cm
c)3cm
d)2.5cm
Six spherical balls o f radius r are melted and cast into a
cylindrical rod o f metal o f same radius. The height o f rod
w i l l be:
a)4r
Sphere
b) 180.6 cu cm
d) 189.6 c u c m
A metal sphere o f diameter 42 cm is dropped into a cylindrical vessel, which is partly filled with water. The diameter o f the vessel is 1.68 metres. I f the sphere is completely submerged, find by how much the surface o f
water w i l l rise.
a) 1.75 cm
b) 2.75 cm
c) 2 cm
d) 1 cm
Find the weight o f an iron shell, the external and internal
diameters o f which are 13 cm and 10 cm respectively, i f 1
cu cm o f iron weighs 8 gms.
a)6kg
Note: This result can be used as a general formula.
.-. Whole surface
Find the volume o f a sphere whose radius is 2.1 metres,

a) 38.808 c u m
b) 388.08 c u m
c) 68.808 c u m
d) 38.88 c u m
A spherical shell o f metal has an outer radius o f 9 cm and
inner radius o f 8 cm. I f the metal costs Rs 1.80 per cu cm,
find the cost o f shell.
a)Rs 1630.80 b)Rs 1638.60 c)Rs 1636.80 d)Rs 1638.80
The largest sphere is carved out o f a cube o f side 7 cm.
Find the volume o f the sphere (Take TC = 3 . 1 4 ) .
b)6r
c)8r
d)12r
8. The amount o f water contained in a sphere o f radius 3 cm

is poured into a cube o f side 5 cm. The height upto
which water w i l l rise in the cube is:
Rule 10
Theorem: If the radius of a sphere is r units, then volume of
3rc
the sphere is I ^
a) 2 cm
j cu units. If diameter is given, then

(i
volume of sphere becomes I 7
\ units. [Where D
Ex.:
Soln:
Find the volume o f a sphere o f diameter 42 cm or

radius 21 cm.
4 22
Case I : Volume ofthe sphere = y X y x 2 1 x 2 1 x 2 1
= 38808 cubic cm.
c) 0.5 TC cm
d) 1.44 TC cm
9.
The number o f solid spheres o f radius
10.
be formed from a solid sphere o f radius 4 cm is:

a) 4096
b)4964
c)6904
d)9640
H o w many bullets can be made out o f a cube o f lead
whose edge measures 22 cm, each bullet being 2 cm in
diameter?
= diameter/
b) cm
a) 5324
11.
b)2662
c)1347
cm, which ma>
d)2541
A cylindrical vessel 60 cm in diameter is partially filled

with water. A sphere, 30 cm in diameter is gently dropped
into the vessel. To what further height w i l l water in the
cylinder rise?
585
b)30cm
a) 15 cm
c) 40 cm
12. Find the diameter o f a sphere whose volume is
3V
4
1
125
+Tt(2) > =
TC
2
3
I
6
3
c u
b
5
r =
2
4
125
TCr =
TC:
3
6
3
metres.
a) 6 m
b) 8 m
c) 3 m
d) 4 m
13. H o w many bullets can be made out o f a cube o f lead
whose edge measures 22 cm, each bullet being 2 cm in
diameter?
a) 2341
b)2641
c)2541
d)2451
Answers
= 2.5 cm
7. c; Hint: Let the height o f the rod be h.
4
,
Then, 6 x rcr = rcr h => h = 8r
2
8. d; Hint: Let the required height be h cm
l.a
4
2. c; Hint: Volume o f metal = \~n(9)
4
3
~~ (%)
Then, 5 x 5 x h = j T c x ( 3 )
36TC
h = = 1.44 re
4
[Also see R u l e - 3 9 ]
= -TC(9-8)- cucm
,4
22
) 2728
-x x2I7 =
7
J
3
2728
Cost o f metal =
9. a; Hint: Number o f spheres
cu cm
XTCX4X4X4
3
= 4
1 1 1
=4096
X T C X x x
xl.80
Rs 1636.80
10. d; Hint: Volume o f cube = (22 x 22 x 22) c m
3. a; Hint: Diameter ofthe sphere = 7 cm
[See R u l e - 6 ]
22
.-. Volume ofthe sphere = x - x 7 x 7 x 7
4 22
1 3
Volume o f 1 bullet = x x l x l x l cm
3
7
= 179.6cu cm
4. a; Hint: Radius o f the sphere = 21 cm
22x22x22x3x7
Number o f bullets =
(4
Volume o f sphere = I ^
4x22
22
= 38808 c u c m
Volume o f water displaced by sphere = 38808 cu cm
Let the water rise by h cm
22
Then, y x 8 4 x 8 4 x h = 3 8 8 0 8
[See Rule - 7]
38808x7
or, h =
2541
11. c; Hint: Let H and h be the heights o f water level before

and after dropping the sphere into it.
Then, \ ? x ( 3 0 ) x h ] - [TCX(30) X h ] = * j j x ( 3 0 )
2
or TC x 900 x ( H h ) = TC x 27000
o r , ( H - h ) = 40 cm.
1.75 cm
22x84x84
4
5. c: Hint: Volume o f iron
1 22
12. a;Hint: T - _ o
/
x
,
x
792
r~
/
13
2
l 3
^3
627x8
Weight o f iron = I
1000
6. c; Hint: Volume o f 3rd ball
7x6
x
[See Rule - 39]
= 627 cucm
792
.". D =
7
= 36x6 = 6 x 6 x 6
22
.-. D = Diameter = ^ 6 x 6 x 6
6m
I = 5 . 0 1 6 kg
22x22x22x3x7
13. c; Hint: Required answer = -; = 2 5 4 1 .
4x22x1x1x1
N
586
Rule 11
b) 154 sq mm, 1 7 9 y u b mm .
C
Theorem: If the radius of a sphere is r units, then the surface area of the sphere is {^nr ) sq units. If in place of
2
c) 1 5 4 s q m m , 179 cub m m
radius, diameter of the sphere is given, then the formula

becomes as follows,
Surface area of a sphere = 4rcr
(D\
= 4TC
\J
d) None o f these
(iii)10.5 cm
a) 13 86 sq cm, 4851 cub cm
b) 1256sqcm, 4651 cub cm
c) 1386sq cm, 4651 cub cm
d) 1386sqcm, 4859 cub cm
2
= nD
sq units.
Ex.:
Soln:
Find the surface area of a sphere of diameter 42 cm.

Applying the above theorem, we have
the surface area of a sphere
22
x 4 2 x 4 2 = 5544 sq units.
Answers
1. a
2. b; Hint: yTcr = 3 1 0 4 6 4
3
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
Find the surface area o f a sphere whose radius is 2.1

metres.
a) 55.44 s q m
b) 65.45 s q m
c) 54.47 sq m
d) None o f these
Find the surface area o f a sphere whose volume is 310464
cu cm.
a) 22276 sq cm
b) 22176 sq cm
c) 12276 sq cm
d) None o f these
I f a solid sphere o f radius 10 cm is moulded into 8 spherical solid balls o f equal radius, then surface area o f each
ball (in cm ) is:
a)100rc
b)75rc
c ) 6 0 TC
d ) 5 0 TC
|NDA Exam 1990]
I f the volume o f surface area o f a sphere are numerical ly
the same, then its radius is:
a) 1 unit
b) 2 units
c) 3 untis
d) 4 units
(NDA Exam 1990)
Find the surfaces and volumes o f the sphere having the
following radii
(i) 7 metres
2
4.
5.
a ) 6 1 6 s q m , '437 c u b m
or, r
310464x3x7
=74088
4x22
r
r = 42 cm
22
.-. surface area = 4 r c r = 4 x - - x 42 x 42 = 22176 sq cm

3. a; Hint: Let r be the radius o f each moulded sphere.
Then,
8xyTcr =^-TCX(10) =>(2r)
3
=(10)
2r = 10
.-. r = 5 c m .
So, the surface area o f each ball
= [4rcx(25)] = (100Tc)cnr
4. c; Hint: Let r be the radius o f the sphere.
4
Then, y T c r
j
= 4 T U - = > r = 3 units.
5.(i) a
00c
(iii)a
Rule 12
Theorem: If the radius of a sphere is r units, then volume of
2
3
a hemisphere = I ^ TC/- I cu. units. If diameter is given, then
n
b) 661 s q m , 1 3 4 7 - u b m
C
volume of a hemisphere
c) 6 1 6 s q m , 1447^- u b m
C
is given by
12
cu
units.
[Where, D = diameter of the sphere]
d)616sqm, 1377- cubm
Ex.:
Soln:
Find the volume o f a hemisphere o f radius 21 cm

A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we have
'2
(ii) 3 mm
Volume o f hemisphere =
22
\
y x x21x21x21j
= 19404 cm
a) 164 sq mm, 179 -
u b mm
587
Exercise
A hemispherical bowl has inner diameter 42 cm. The
quantity o f liquid that the b o w l can hold (in c m ) is:
2.
22
a) x--x(21)
T
b)fx^*(2,)
3.
3
22
c)-xyx(20
d)fx^x(42)
[ C D S Exam 19911
How many litres o f water w i l l a hemispherical bowl contain whose radius is 2 metres? (1 litres = 1000 cub cm)
4.
a) 308 sq cm b) 803 sq cm c) 306 sq cm d) 603 sq cm

Find the curved surface area o f a hemisphere o f radius
14 cm.
a) 1322sqcm
b) 1233 sqcm
c) 1232 s q c m
d) 1122 sqcm
Find the curved surface area o f a hemisphere o f radius
28 cm.
a) 4928 s q c m
b)4298sqcm
c) 4982 sq cm
d) None o f these
Find the curved surface area o f a hemisphere o f diameter
35 cm.
a) ^ - x 3 5 x 3 5 c m
19
a) 1 6 7 6 litres
21
b) 1 5 6 6 litres
21
19
c) 1 6 8 6 litres
21
d) None o f these
c)^x(17.5)
cm
1. a
4. a
3.a
2. c
2156
,
b)
-z-cm
d) Data inadequate
Answers
Find the volume o f a hemisphere o f radius 7 cm.

2056
a) - r - c m '
b) 2 x r c x 3 5 x 3 5 c m "
Rule 14
Theorem: If the radius of a sphere is r units, then the whole
2156
c)-cm
4.
d) Data inadequate
surface area of the hemisphere is (3ro- ) sq units. If in place

2
of radius, diameter is given, then the whole surface area of
Find the volume o f a hemisphere o f radius 14 cm.

2
1
i
*
a) - X 7 t x ( 7 ) c m
b) X T C X ( 2 8 ) c m
3
the hemisphere is given by f ^ ^ j sq units.
d) ^ X T C X ( 1 2 )
) x r c x ( 6 ) ' cm
cm
Ex.:
Answers
Soln:
2. a
1. c; Hint: (See the Illustrative Example)

3.c
4.b
Rule 13
Find the total surface area o f a hemisphere o f radius

21 cm.
total surface area
= 3nr
= ^ 3 x y x 2 1 x 2 l j c m = 4158cm .
2
Theorem: If the radius of a sphere is r units, then the curved

surface area of the hemisphere is
Exercise
sq units.
If in place of radius, diameter is given, then the curved

surface area ofthe hemisphere becomes \y
u n
' t s
Ex.:
1.
2.
Find the curved surface area o f a hemisphere o f radius 21 cm.
Soln:
Applying the above theorem, we have the

3.
curved surface area =

r
2nr
22
2 x x 2 1 x 2 1 I cm = 2772cm .
2
Find the total surface area o f a hemisphere o f radius 7

cm.
a) 462 sq cm
c) 468 sq cm
Find the total surface area
cm.
a) 1648 s q c m
c) 1448 sq cm
Find the total surface area
16 cm
2
a) - x n x ( 8 )
sqcm
b) 642 sq cm
d) Data inadequate
o f a hemisphere o f radius 14
b) 1848 s q c m
d) Data inadequate
o f a hemisphere o f diameter
3
b) - x r t x ( 8 )
sqcm
Exercise
1.
Find the curved surface area o f a hemisphere o f radius 7

cm.
3
i
c) X T T X ( 1 6 ) " s q c m
d) None o f these
588
Rule 16
Answers
l.a
3.c
2.b
Theorem: To find the volume of the right circular cone, if

radius of the base and the height of the cone is given.
Right Circular Cone
Rule 15
Volume of the cone = I ^*
Theorem: To find the slant height of the right circular cone

if radius of its base and height of the cone are given.
Slant height (I) = f 4h
+r
cu.
units.
Ex.:
nr h
Where h = height and r - radius of the base.

Soln:
Radius o f the base o f a right circular cone is 7 cm and

the height o f the cone is 3 cm. Find the volume o f the
cone.
A p p l y i n g the above formula,
A
1
Volume o f the cone
22
- x 7 x 7 x 3 = 154 cm'
Exercise
1.
The height o f a cone is 16 cm and the diameter o f its base

is 24 cm. Find the volume o f the cone.
16896
a) - c u c m
16876
b) ~ cu cm
19876
c) ~ c u c m
d) None o f these
Ex.:
Soln:
Radius ofthe base o f a right circular cone is 3 cm and

height o f the cone is 4 cm. Find the slant height o f the
cone.
slant height o f the right circular cone
= V4 +3
2
2.
= 5 cm-
Exercise
1.
2.
The height o f a cone is 16 c m and the diameter o f its base

is 24 cm. Find its slant height.
a) 10cm
b)20cm
c)15cm
d)25cm
The diameter o f the base o f a right circular cone is 4 cm
4.
and its perpendicular height is 2^3 cm. The slant height

o f the cone is:
a) 5 cm
3.
a) 1232 c u c m
b) 4 cm
c)
4^3
cm
d) 3 cm
ratio 5 : 1 2 and its volume is 2512 cu cm. Find the slam

height, radius and curved surface area o f the cone. (Take
TC =3.14)
a) 24 cm, 10 cm, 816.4 sq cm
and its perpendicular height is 3^/3 cm. Find the slant

height o f the cone.
b) 5^/3 cm
c) 6^3
d) V63 cm
b) 22 cm, 11 cm, 816.4 sq cm

c) 21 cm, 10 cm, 861.4 sqcm
I f the height o f a cone is increased by 100%, then its
volume is increased by:
Answers
l.b
2.b
3. a; Hint: r =
3 c m and h = 3^/3 cm
a) 100%
:. slant height (1)
= \/h +r
2
7.
Vt ^)
3
2 +(3)
= V27 + 9 = V36 = 6 cm.
b) 1332 c u c m
c) 1432 cu cm
d) None o f these
The radius and height o f a right circular cone are in the
The diameter o f the base o f a right circular cone is 6 cm
a) 6 cm
Find the volume o f a cone the diameter o f whose base is

21 cm and the slant height is 37.5 cm.
a)4158cucm
b)4518cucm
c)4256cucm
d)4156cucm
A cone o f height 7 cm and base radius 3 cm is carved
from a rectangular block o f wood 10 cm x 5 cm x 2 cm.
Calculate the percentage o f wood wasted,
a) 66%
b)37%
c)67%
d)34%
From a solid right circular cylinder with height 12 cm and
radius o f the base 7 cm, a right circular cone o f the same
height and base is removed. Find the volume o f the remaining solid.
b)200%
c)300%
d)400%
I f a right circular cone o f vertical height 24 cm has a

v o l u m e o f 1232 c m , then the area o f its curved surface
3
in c m
is:
^'.ementary Mensuration - I I
D)704
a) 1254
589
c)550
d) 154
(NDA Exam 1990)
1 22
22
I x7x7x12--x x7x7xl2
7
3
7
A right cylindrical vessel is full with water. H o w many
1232cucm.
right cones having same diameter and height as those o f

right cylinder w i l l be needed to store that water?
a)2
b)3
c)4
| C D S Exam 1991]
A cylindrical piece o f metal o f radius 2 cm and height 6
cm is shaped into a cone o f same radius. The height o f
Radius = 10 cm & height = 24 cm
.-. 1= V r + h
2
=7(10) +(24)
cone is:
.-. Curved surface area
a) 18cm
= Ttrl = 3 . 1 4 x 1 0 x 2 6
b)14cm
c)12cm
d)8cm
(Railway Recruitment 1991)
10.
5. a;Hint: ^ x 3 . 1 4 x ( 2 5 x ) x ( 1 2 x ) = 2512 = x = 2
d)5
Find the slant height o f a cone whose volume is equal to
= 2 6 cm
=816.4sqcm
6. a; Hint: Let the height be h & radius be r.

New height = 2h
12936 cubic metres and the diameter o f whose base is 42

- T t r ( 2 h ) - - rcr h
3
3
xl00
metres.
a) 35 m
11
b)36m
c)28m
d) None of these
Change in v o l u m e
The diameter o f a cone is 21 cm. Its volume is 1848 cub
-Tcrh
cm. Find the perpendicular height o f the cone,

a) 18cm
b)14cm
c)16cm
= 100%
d)20cm
12. The volume o f a cone is 616 cubic m. Its perpendicular

height is 27 metres, find the radius o f the base.
7. c; Hint:
1
a)4y
b) * j m
c ) 4 -
d)5m
From a solid right circular cylinder with height 10 cm and
22
-xr
7
x24 = 1 2 3 2 ^ r
Slant height = ^ / ( 2 4 ) + ( 7 )
2
= f ^ - - I :
I
22x24
= 2 5 cm
radius o f the base 6 cm, a right circular cone o f the same

height and base is removed. Find the volume o f the re.-. Curved surface = (^y x 7 x 2 5 j = 550 c n r
maining solid.
a) ^ 5 4 y cub cm
b) 7 5 4 - cub cm
c) 756 cub cm
8. b; Hint: Volume o f 1 cylinder =
d) Data inadequate
1
Volume o f 1 c o n e = z~
* >
3
OT2
nr
rcr h
2
Answers
Number o f cones
-Ttr h
l.a
2. a; Hint: h = ^/(37.5) - ( 1 0 . 5 )
2
= 36 cm.
9. a; Hint: - T C X ( 2 )
[See R u l e - 1 5 ]
x h = r c x ( 2 ) x 6 = > h =18
Now. volume
= - r c r h = - - x x l 0 . 5 x l 0 . 5 x 3 6 = 4158
3
3
7
2
ucm
3. d: Hint: Volume o f the rectangular block

= 10 cm x 5 cm x 2 cm [See R u l e - 1 ]
1 22
10.a;Hint: - x - x 2 1 x 2 1 x h = 12936
3
7
12936x7x3
h=
21x21x21
=28m
= 100 cu cm
.-. slant height (I) = V2I + 2 8
2
Volume o f the carved cone

1 22
= - x x 3 x 3 x 7 = 66 c u c m
3
7
or, From 100 cu cm, volume carved = 66 cu cm
.-. required answer = 100 - 66 = 24%.
4. a; Hint: Remaining solid
1 22
11.c;Hint: - x y
21 21 ,
.
x xh = 1848
1
= Vl225 = 3 5 m.
1848x3x7x2x2
h =
22x21x21
= 16 cm
590
12. a;Hint: j X y x r x 2 7 = 616
a) ( 1 5 4 X V 5 ) c m
b) 11 c m
c) (154x V 7 ) c m
d)5324 c m
'
r
_ 6 1 6 x 3 x 7 _ 2 8 x 3 x 7 _ 196
~
22x27
fl96
14
27
5.
~9~
.2
13. b; Hint: Required answer
Find the curved surface area o f the cone when,

(i) Slant height = 25 cm,"diameter = 14 cm
a) 450 sqcm
b) 550 s q c m
c) 660 sq cm
d) 440 sq cm
( i i ) slant height = 17 dm, radius = 8 dm
22
1 22
= x6x6xl0 x x6x6xl0
7
3 7
3 -v
a) 427 - q d m
^
b) 4 2 6 - q dm
c) 427 y
d) Data inadequate
22
2 5280
2
x 6 x 6 x l 0 x - = = 7 5 4 - cub cm.
7
3
7
7
q dm
(iii) perpendicular height = 36 dm, diameter = 30 dm
Rule 17
4
a) 838y s q d m
4
b) 1828y s q d m
c) 1818 q dm
d) None o f these
Theorem: To find the curved surface area ofthe cone,

(i) if its slant height and radius of its base are given.
Curved surface area of the cone = nrl sq units.
(ii) if its height and radius of its base are given,

Curved surf ace area of the cone = W l ^r
6.
+h
The slant height o f a conical tomb is 17 metres. I f it

diameter be 28 metres, find the cost o f constructing it
Rs 135 per cubic metre and also find the cost o f white
washing its slant surface at Rs 3.30 per square metre.
a)Rs261090,Rs2541
b) Rs 291060, Rs 2741
c) Rs 291060, Rs 2541
d) Rs None o f these
sq units.
Ex.:

the height o f the cone is 4 cm. Find the curved surface area o f the cone.
Soln: Applying the above formula,
Answers
1. a
22
Curved surface area o f the cone =
J [
~j
3| \ r j
2. c; Hint: Metal required = (rcrl + r c r ) sq cm
Where r = 7 cm and 1 = ^ ( 2 4 ) + ( 7 )
22x3x5
= 47
sq cm.
2.

is 24 cm. Find the area o f curved surface o f the cone,
a) 754.28 sq cm
b) 754.82 sq cm
c) 774.28 sq cm
d) None o f these
It is required to make a hollow cone 24 cm high whose
base radius is 7 cm. Find the area o f the sheet metal
required including the base.
a) 467 sq cm
b) 764 sq cm
c) 704 sq cm
3.
4.
.-. required answer = 550 + 154 = 704 sq cm.
b)658 c m
c)462 c m
d)528 c m
4. a;Hint: W
=\54=>r
r154 _
= 1 x7
slant height = V h + r
2
Curved surface
5.(i)b
d) None o f these
The radius o f base o f a right circular cone is 6 cm and its

slant height is 28 cm. The curved surface o f the cone is:
a)268 c m
= 25 cm
3. d
Exercise
1.
= ^/(14) + ( 7 ) = 7V5 J
2
( 1 7x7V5)
2
r = 7
= 154V5 c m
(ii)c
6. c; Hint: Height o f the c o n e
iii)a
The area o f the base o f a right circular cone is 154 c m

and its height is 14 cm. The curved surface o f cone is:
1 22
Volume o f the cone = y - y
x
21
x l 4 x y =2156 cubi
Cost o f constructing the cone
i/ementary Mensuration - I I
591
lower part is called the frustum o f the cone.
= 2156 x 135 =Rs 291060

Curved surface area o f the cone
22
35
= Tcrl = x l 4 x - =770 c u b m
7
2
Frustum
.-. Cost o f white washing = 770 x 3.30 = Rs 2541.
Rule 18
Theorem: To find the total surface area of the right circular cone.
(i) if its slant height and radius of its base are given.
Total surface area ofthe cone
= (nrl
+ rcr ) = nr(l + r)sq

2
Let the radius o f the base o f the frustum = R, the

radius o f the top o f the frustum = r, and slant height o f
the frustum = / units.
units.
( i ) Slant height (/) = ^h
+{R-r)
(ii) If its height and radius of its base are given.
units.
( i i ) Curved surface area = TC

Total surface area ofthe cone =
V^ +r
2
sq units.
+r
(iii) Total surface area = TC[(/? + r ) / + r + R j sq units.
2
uj units.
(iv) Volume o f the frustum = y (

the height o f the cone is 4 cm. Find the total surface
area o f the cone.
Soln: Applying the above formula,
^)
+r
cu
Lx.:
Total surface area
= *3^4
22x3x8
Ex.:
528
= 75*
Soln:
A frustum o f a right circular cone has a diameter o f

base 10 c m o f top 6 cm and a height o f 5 cm. Find
(i) slant height,
(ii) curved surface area,
( i i i ) total surface area and (iv) volume o f the frustum.
sq cm.
,
6 x
Here, r = = 3 cm;

is 24 cm. Find the total surface area o f the cone,
a) 754.28 sqcm
b) 452.57 sqcm
c) 1206.85 sqcm
d) None o f these
area o f the cone.
a) 864 TC sq cm
b) 468 TC sq cm
c) 854 TC sq cm
d) 485 TC sq cm
area o f the cone.
a) 240 TC sq cm
b) 2400 TC sq cm
c) 1600 TC sqcm
d) 1680 TC sqcm
10
h = 5 cm
+{R-rf
= ^5 +(5-3)
R = = 5 cm;
(i) slant height = yjh
= V 2 9 cm = 5.385 cm
( i i ) curved surface area

22
= n{R + r)l = x 8 x 5 . 3 8 5 = 135.4
s q C
m.
( i i i ) Total surface area ofthe frustum

= n\(R + r)l + r
+R \
= y [ 8 x 5 . 3 8 5 + (3) + 5 ]
2
22
Answers
l.c
+3 +3
Exercise
units.
[43.08 + 9 + 2 5 ] = 242.25 q c m .
S
2. a
3.b
Frustum of a Right Circular Cone
(iv) Volume o f the frustum = ~"T (''

_
2 +
Rule 19
Frustum: I f a cone is cut by a plane parallel to the base so as
:o divide the cone into t w o parts as shown in the figure,
x - [ 5 + 3 +5x31= 256.67 cu. cm.

7
3
2
592
Exercise
or,
1.
.-. R = 2 0 o r R = -4
But, R = -4 is not possible.
So, the radius o f bigger circle is 20 cm.
Now,
The slant height o f the frustum o f a cone is 20 cm and

the height o f the frustum is 16 cm. The radius o f the
smaller circle is 8 cm. Find
(i) the volume o f the frustum
72316
73216
a) - cu cm
rch
b) ~ cu cm
75216
c) ~ c u c m
(i)
d) None o f these
(ii) the total area o f the surface o f the frustum

a) 6424 sq cm
b) 2464 sq cm
3.
a) 176 m
4.
(ii)
c) 4264 sq cm
d) None o f these
I f the radii o f the ends o f a bucket 45 cm high are 28 cm
and 7 cm, determine its capacity and the surface area,
a) 48510 cu cm, 5610 sq cm b) 48150 cu cm, 5610 sq cm
c)48510 cucm, 551 Osq cm d)48510 c u c m , 6510 sq cm
A reservoir is in the shape o f a frustum o f a right circular
cone. It is 8 m across at the top and 4 m across the
bottom. It is 6 m deep. Its capacity is:
b)196m
d)110m
[CDS E x a m 1999)
The circumference o f one end o f a frustum o f a right
circular cone is 48 cm and o f the other end 34 cm, the
height ofthe frustum is 10 cm, find its volume,
a) 1250 cub cm approx
b) 1850 cub cm approx
c) 1350 cub cm approx
d) 1360 cub cm approx
The radii o f the ends o f a frustum o f a right circular cone
are 33 cm and 27 cm, its slant height is 10 cm. Find its
volume and whole surface.
3
c)200 m
a) 22704 cub cm, 7599 -
r> \
+ Kx)
73216
y X y x l 6 J ( 4 0 0 + 64 + 160)
cu cm
Total area o f surface o f frustum = n(R
+r
= y ( 4 0 0 + 64 + 160 + 160) = 2464
+ Rl + rl)
2. a; Hint: r = 7 cm, R = 28 cm and h = 45 cm

/=
>
/h +(R-r)
2
= 4 9 . 6 cm
Capacity = Volume o f the frustum

= yrch(R + r
2
+ R r ) = 48510 u c m
C
Surface area o f the bucket

= [Tc/(R + r) + r c r ] = 5610 c u c m
2
rch _
3. a;Hint: Volume = y [
+r +Rr],
where R = 4 m , r = 2m, h = 6 m
y - x i x 6 x ( 1 6 + 4 + 8)|> = 176m
m
4. c; Hint: 2TCR = 4 8
3
b) 22407 cub c m , 7 5 6 9 -
Volume o f frustum = (
2.
2 - 1 6 R - 8 0 = 0 o r ( R - 2 0 ) ( R + 4) = 0
R =
48x7
2x22
qcm
34x7
27tr = 3 4
3
c) 22704 cub cm, 7569 q c m
2x22
By applying the given rule find the volume.
5. a
d) Data inadequate
Rule 20
Answers
l.(i) b
(ii)b
Hint: Let us denote the radius o f smaller circle, radius o f

bigger circle, the height o f frustum and the slant height
by r, R, h and / respectively.
Then, r = 8 cm, h = 16 cm and / = 20 cm.
Theorem: To find number of bricks when the dimensions (f

brick and wall are given.
Volume of wall
Required no. of bricks = 771
7
, . ,
*
'
Volume oj one brick
But/= V [ h + ( R - r ) ] =V[('6)
2
+(R~8) ]
2
Ex:
or,
A brick measures 20 cm by 10 cm by ~l\- cm. Howl

many bricks w i l l be required for a wall 25 m long. 2 i
20 = ^{R
+320-16/?)]
or, /? + 3 2 0 - 1 6 / ? = 400
2
3
high and m thick?
Elei
i-'.ementary Mensuration - I I
593
Rule 21
Soln: Volume of wall = 2 5 x 2 x cu. m.

4
Volume o f one brick
20
10
15
2000
100 100 200
Reqd. number o f bricks
X
Theorem: To find capacity, volume of material and weight

of material of a closed box, when external dimensions (ie
length, breadth and height) and thickness of material of
which box is made, are given.
(i) Capacity of box = (External length - 2 x thickness) x
(External breadth - 2 x thickness) x (External height -2 *
thickness)
(ii) Volume of material = External Volume - Capacity
cu. m.
25x2x-
:25000
2000
(iii) Weight of wood = Volume of wood x Density of wood.
Exercise
?.
5.
How many bricks w i l l be required for a wall 8 metres

long, 6 metres high and 22.5 cm thick, i f each brick measures 25 cm by 11.25 cm by 6 cm?
a) 6400
b)3200
c) 64000
d) 86000
A wall o f length 25 metres, width 60 cm and height 2
metres is to be constructed by using bricks, each o f
dimensions 20 cm by 12 cm by 8 cm. How many bricks
w i l l be needed?
a) 16525
b) 15265
c) 15625
d) 15525
A brick measures 2.3 dm by 1.1 dm by 0.8 dm. How many
bricks will be required for a wall 92 metres long, 4 metres
high and 0.264 metre thick.
a) 48000
b) 46000
c) 49000
d) 84000
The length of a room is 12 metres, width 8 metres, height
6 metres. H o w many boxes w i l l it hold i f each is allowed
1.5 cubic metres o f space
a) 356
b) 172
c)256
d)384
How many bricks 20 cm x 10 cm x 7.5 cm can be carried
by a truck whose load is 5 metric tons? The bricks in
question weigh 2500 kg per cubic metre.
a) 1333
b) 1233 '
c) 1332
d) 1433
Ex.:
Soln:
Capacity = (external length - 2 x thickness) x (external breadth - 2 * thickness) x (external height 2 x thickness)
Volume of material = External volume - Capacity
.-. in the given question,
Capacity = ( 9 - 2 x 0.5) (7 - 2 * 0.5) ( 6 - 2 x 0.5) = 8 x
6 x 5 = 240 cm .
.-. Volume o f wood = external volume - capacity
= 9 x 7 x 6 - 2 4 0 = 138cu.cm.
Weight o f wood = Volume o f wood x density o f
wood = 1 3 8 x 0 . 9 = 124.2 g.
3
Exercise
1.
Answers
1. a; Hint: Volume o f wall = (800 x 600 x 22.5) cu cm
Volume o f a brick = (25 x 11.25 x 6) cu cm
Number of bricks
Volume o f the wall
( 800 x 600x 22.5
= 6400
25x11.25x6
Volume o f a brick
2.
( 2500x60x200^
2. c; Hint: Number of bricks =
20x12x8
= 15625
92x4x0.264
.....
3. a; Hint: Required number = r - r r - 4SUUU ,
0.2:> x 0.11x0.08
12x8x6
= 384
4. d; Hint: Required answer =
1.5
3.
5. a; Hint: Required number of bricks
4.
[v
5000
2500
0.2x0.1x0.075
1 metric ton = 1000 kg]
1333.3 1333.
A closed wooden box measures externally 9 cm long,

7 cm broad, 6 cm high. I f the thickness o f the wood is
half a cm, find ( i ) the capacity o f the box and (ii) the
weight supposing that one cubic cm. o f wood weighs
0.9 gm.
Quicker Method:
In such cases,
A n open rectangular cistern when measured from out

side is 1 m 35 cm long; 1 m 8 cm broad and 90 cm deep,
and is made o f iron 2.5 cm thick. Find (i) the capacity o f
the cistern, (ii) the volume o f the iron used.
a) 1171625 cucm, 140575 cucm
b) 1711625 cucm, 104575 cu cm
c) 1171625 cucm, 145075 cu cm
d) None o f these
Find the weight o f a lead pipe 3.5 metres long, i f the
external diameter o f the pipe is 2.4 cm and the thickness
o f the lead is 2 m m and I cc o f lead weight 11.4 gm.
a) 5.5 kg
b)5kg
c)8kg
d)10kg
A closed rectangular box has inner dimensions 24 cm by
12 cm by 10 cm. Calculate its capacity and the area of tin
foil needed to line its inner surface.
a)2680 cu cm, 1296 sq cm b)2880 cu cm, 1396 sq cm
c)2880 cu cm, 1296 sq cm d)2860 cu cm, 1296 sq cm
The dimensions o f an open box are 52 cm, 40 cm and 29
cm. Its thickness is 2 cm. I f 2 cm"' o metal used in the
f
box weight 0.5 gm, the weight o f the box is:

a) 8.56 k g
b) 7.76 kg
c) 7.756 kg
d) 6.832 kg
594
5.
A rectangular box whose external dimensions including
the lid are 32,27,12 decimetres is made o f wood 0.5 dm in
thickness. What is the volume o f wood in it?
a)1520cudm
b) 1502cudm
c)1602cudm
Exercise
1.
d)1620cudm
Answers
2.
1. a; Hint: (i) Capacity = (135 - 5) (108 - 5) (90 - 2.5) [Since

cistern is open]
= 130 x 103 x 87.5 = 1171625 cucm
(ii) Volume o f iron = [(135 x 108 x 90) - (1171625) = 140575
cu cm
2. a; Hint: External radius o f the pipe = 1.2 cm
Internal radius o f the pipe = (1.2 - 0.2) = 1 cm
External volume
3.
22
Internal v o l u m e
x l x l x 3 . 5 x l 0 0 =1100
The surface o f a cube is 1176 c m " . The volume o f this

cube is
a)7056 c m
4.
b)4704 c m c)2744 c m
d)3528 c m
The volume o f a cube is 125 crtl . The surface area o f

the cube is:
1584
yxl.2xl.2x3.5x100
The surface o f a cube is 552.96 sq cm. Find the volume of

the cube.
a) 884.736 cucm
b) 848.736 cucm
c) 884.376 cu cm
d) Data inadequate
Find the volume o f a cube whose surface area is 150
square metres.
a) 15625 c u c m
b) 125 c u m
c) 120 c u m
d) 124 c u m
cu cm
cu cm
a)625 c m
5.
b) 125 c m
c) 150 c m
d) 100 c m
The curved surface o f a sphere is 1386 c m . Its volume

2
is
Volume o f lead = (External Volume) - (Internal Volume)
= (1584- 1100) = 484 cucm
f484x11.4
Weight ofthe pipe = V

j = 5.5176
c
a)2772 c m
6.
3. c;Hint: Capacity = Volume = (24 x 12 x 10) = 2 8 8 0 c u c m
88
The volume o f a sphere is ( 1 4 )
21
a)2424 c m
b)2446 c m c)2464 c m
2
552.96
1. a; Hint: V o l u m e
6
d)2484 c m
[V(92.16)f
(9.6)
kg.
5. b; Hint: Required answer = 32 x 27 x 1 2 - 3 1 x 26 x 11

= 10368-8866=1502 cudm.
= 884.736 cu cm.
2.b
3.c
Rule 22
Surface area
Theorem: Tofind the volume of a cube if the surface area of

the cube is given.
4. c; Hint: 125 =
Surface area
area
or, 5
cube
.-. Surface area = 5
Ex:
The surface o f a cube is 30 sq metres. Find its
Soln:
volume.
Applying the above rule, we have
2 x
150 sq cm.
5. c
J
6. c; Hint: B y direct formula, it is a time taking process. S:
solve this type o f question by the method given below.
4
-rtr
88x(14)
^=>r
3
3
243
ixl4xl4xl4
3
J
21
21
3 7
x x
4 22
.-. r = 1 4
25
volume =
c n r . The curved
1
.-. Weight o f metal = U 3 6 6 4 x 0 . 5 7 ^ J =
Surface
Answers
= (52 x40x 2 9 - 4 8 x36x27)= 13664 c m
Volume of
surface o f this sphere is:
Area o f tin foil needed = Total surface area

= [2(24x 12+12x 10 + 24x 1 0 ) ] = 1296 sqcm.
4. d; Hint: Volume o f metal
b)4158 c m d)4851 c m d)5544 c m
64
cu m.
So, curved surface o f the sphere

22 14x14 | = 2464cw"
4x-x
7
elementary Mensuration - I I
595
Rule 23
31200
Theorem: To find the volume of rain water at a place if the

mnual rainfall of that place is given.
Volume of rain water = Height (or level) of water (ie Annual rainfall) x Base area (ie area of the place)
Ex.:
The annual rainfall at a place is 43 cm. Find the weight

in metric tonnes o f the annual rainfall there on a hectare o f land, taking the weight o f water to be 1 metric
tonne for 1 cubic metre.
Soln: Quicker Method:
Volume of water = height (level) of water x base area
In the given question, level o f rainfall is 43 cm.
43
I
.-. volume o f water =
Time taken to empty the reservoir =
3. b; Hint: Required answer = 0.02 x 60000 = 1200 cub m
Rule 24
Theorem: A rectangular tank is T metres long and 'h'
metres deep. If 'x' cubic metres of water be drawn off the
tank, the level of the water in the tank goes down by'd'
metres, then the amount of water (in cubic metres) the tank
A rectangular tank is 50 metres long and 29 metres
Ex.:
deep. I f 1000 cubic metres o f water be drawn o f f the

tank, the level o f the water in the tank goes down by
2 metres. H o w many cubic metres o f water can the
tank hold? A n d also find the breadth o f the tank.
Detail Method: Let the breadth ofthe tank be x metres.
Volume o f the tank = 50 x 29 x x cubic metres.
From the question,
Exercise
In a shower 5 cm o f rain falls. Find in cubic metres the
volume o f water that falls on 2 hectares o f ground,
a) 1000 cucm
b) 100 c u c m
3.
metres.
m x 10000 s q m
= 4300 c u m .
(As 1 hectare = 10,000 sq m ) .
.-. weight o f water = 4300 x 1 = 4300 metric tonnes.
cubic metres and the breadth
can hold is given by
of the tank is \J2Jj
._
= 52 hrs.
Soln:
c) 1000 cu m
d) None o f these
The water in a rectangular reservoir having a base 80
metres by 60 metres is 6.5 metres deep. In what time can
the water be emptied by a pipe o f which the cross section is a square o f side 20 cm, i f the water runs through
the pipe at the rate o f 15 k m per hour?
a)26hrs
b)52hrs
c)65hrs
d)42hrs
In a shower 2 cm o f rain falls. Find in cubic metres the
volume o f water that falls on 6 hectares o f ground,
a) 12000 cub m
b) 1200 cub m
c) 1600 cub m
50 x 29 x = 1000 + 50 x (29-2) *x
x
or,xx 5 0 x 2 = 1000
.-. Breadth o f the tank is 10 metres.

Volume o f the tank = 50 x 29 x 10 = 14500 cubic metres.
Quicker Method: A p p l y i n g the above theorem,
Note:
Answers
5
1000x29 L ^
i
Volume o f the tank =
1. c; Hint: Depth o f rain = 5 cm =
.-. x= 10metres.
1
ie y ^ metres.
= 14500 cub m.
Looking at the above theorem, we may conclude that

even i f the length o f the rectangular tank is not given.
Volume o f the tank can be calculated. To find breadth
o f the tank length is needed but not the height o f the
tank.
1000
Breadth o f the t a n k
Area o f ground = 2 hectares = 20000 sq metres.

Volume o f water = 20000 x - L = 1000 cu metres.
1.
20
îoo 100
x
25
sq m
Volume o f water emptied in 1 hour

15x1000x1
25
cu m
- 1 0 metres.

I f 450 cubic metres o f water be drawn o f f the tank, the
H o w many cubic metres o f water can the tank hold? A n d
also find the breadth o f the tank.
a) 4050 c u b m , 9 m
b) 4500 c ubm , 10 m
c) 4050 cub m , 10 m
2.
= 600
50x2
Exercise
2. b; Hint: Volume o f water = (80 x 60 x 6.5) = 31200 cu m

Area o f cross section o f the pipe
' 20
d) Data inadequate
A rectangular tank is 100 cm long and 58 cm deep. If2000

cubic cm o f water be drawn o f f the tank, the level o f the
water in the tank goes down by 4 cm. How many cubic
metres o f water can the tank hold? A n d also find the
596
breadth o f the tank.

a) 48000 cub cm, 10 cm
c) 58000 cub cm, 5 cm
3.
4.
b) 5 8000 cub cm, 40 cm

d) Data inadequate
.-. weight o f cube = x 9 0 0 0 = 333.3 kg.
In this type o f question, use the formula:

Volume of cube cut off
a)3750cubm, 12.5m
b ) 3 5 7 0 c u b m , 15.5m
c) 3750 cubm, 12 m
d) 3750 c u b m , 15 m
A rectangular tank is 16 m deep. I f 650 cubic metres o f
water be drawn o f f the tank, the level o f the water in the
tank goes down by 1 metre. H o w many cubic metres o f
water can the tank hold?
a) 10400 cub m
b) 14000 cub m
c) 10500 cub m
d) Data inadequate
2. c
3. a
Volume =
i \
9000

;, Weight =
= 333.3 kg.
Note: We can also apply the above theorem directly.
.-. Weight o f cube
Answers
l.c
Quicker Method:

I f 500 cubic metres o f water be drawn o f f the tank, the
How many cubic metres o f water can the tank hold? A n d
also find the breadth o f the tank.
4. a
Rule 25
9000
x9000
Theorem: x cubic metres of copper weighing y kilograms is

rolled into a square bar I metres long. An exact cube is cut
27
= 333.3 kg.
Exercise
x
1.
A cubic metre o f copper weighing 8000 kilograms is rolled

2.

a) 15 k g
b)32kg
c)16kg
d)10kg
3.

into a square bar 25 metres long. A n exact cube is cut o f f
off from the bar. Weight ofthe cube is given by
a) 1000 kg
kg.
Ex.:
A cubic metre o f copper weighing 9000 kilograms is

rolled into a square bar 9 metres long. A n exact cube
is cut o f f from the bar. H o w much does it weigh?
Soln: Detail Method:
In this case a given volume o f copper is rolled into a
square bar (basically a cuboid with square base) o f
given length. Then an exact cube is cut o f f from this
square bar. Obviously,, the exact cube should have
the same dimensions as that o f the square base o f the
square bar.
Now, given volume = 1 cu m .
= Area o f square base x length
=> Area o f square base x length = 1
c) 500 kg
d) 950 kg
a) 25 k g
b)20kg
c ) 1 8 k g d) Data inadequate
A cubic metres o f copper weighing 1600 k g is rolled into
a square base 16 metres long. A n exact cube is cut o f f
4.
a) 200 kg
b) 600 kg
c) 400 kg d) Data inadequate
Answers
l.a
2.d
3.b
4. a
Rule 26
Area o f square base = r~~"
Jth
Theorem: When many cubes integrate into one cube, the

side ofthe new cube is given by side
I
.-. side o f square base = ^
b) 800 kg
Vol. o f the cut o f f cube
f
= (side o f the square base)
VSum o f cubes o f sides o f all the cubes
27
Ex.:
Three cubes o f metal whose edges are 3, 4 and 5 cm

respectively are melted and formed into a single cube
I f there be no loss o f metal in the process find the side
o f the new cube.
Soln:
597
Exercise
Detail Method:
Volume o f the first cube = ( 3 ) = 27 cubic cm.
1.
H a l f cubic metre o f gold sheet is extended by hammering

so as to cover an area o f 1 hectare. Find the thickness o f
the gold.
Volume o f the second cube = ( 4 ) = 64 cu. cm

3
a) 0.05 cm
Volume o f third cube = ( s ) = 125 cu. cm.
3
2.
a)284 c m
= 6 cm3.
Q u i c k e r M e t h o d : A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we have

3
4.
216 = 6 cm.
b) 457.33 m
c) 468.26 m
d) 437.29 m
The material o f a cone is converted into the shape o f a

cm, the height o f cone is:
a) 10cm
5.
there be no loss o f metal in the process find the side o f
c)18cm
d)20cm
ness o f gold.
a)0.017cm
a) V864 cm
b) ^ 6 8 4 cm
c) ^ 6 8 4 cm
d) None o f these
Three cubes o f metal whose edges are 3 0 , 4 0 and 50 cm

respectively are melted and formed into a single cube. I f
the new cube.
a) 60 cm
b)15cm
Two cubic metres o f gold are extended by hammering so

as to cover an area o f twelve hectares. Find the thick-
the new cube.
3.
cylinder o f equal radius. I f the height ofthe cylinder is 5
2.
d)300 c m
w i l l be:
Exercise
1.
c)286 c m
3v/
a) 458.43 m
= 3
b)296 c m
A solid lead ball o f 7 cm radius was melted and then

drawn into a wire o f 0.2 cm diameter. The length o f wire
+ 4 + 5 = 2 7 + 64 + 125
d) 0.0005 cm
area o f two solids w i l l be:
Volume o f the new cube = 27 + 64 + 125 = 216 cu cm.
i d e = 3 /3
c) 0.005 cm
melted into a cube. The difference between the surface
V Volume remains unchanged.
.-. Side o f the new cube = \[2\6
b) 0.5 cm
A metal sheet 27 cm long, 8 cm broad and 1 cm thick is
b)64cm
c)90cm
d)80cm
b)0.0017cm c) 1.7cm
d)0.17cm
1
6.
A cub cm o f silver is drawn into a wire
mm in diam-
eter, find the length o f the wire. ( TC = 3 . 1 4 1 6 )

a) 128 metres
b) 127.3 metres
c) 129.3 metres
d) 128.3 metres
Answers
1. c; Hint: Volume o f Sheet

I -xl00xl00xl00 i
the new cube.

a)
^99
c) Vl 99
cm
b) l]99 cm
Area o f Sheet = 1 hectare = 10000 sq metres

= (10000 x 100 x 100)sqcm.
d) J]99
Thickness
cm
Volume
Answers
l.b
2. a
3.b
Rule 27
T h e o r e m : Total volume of a solid does not change even
when its shape
changes.
Area
100x100x100
2x10000x100x100
= 0.005 cm.
200
2. c; Hint: Volume o f new cube formed
= (27x8x 1) = 216 c m
Edge o f this cube = (216) ' = ( 6 x 6 x 6 ) ' =6 cm

1
.-. Old volume = New volume

.-. Surface area o f this cube = 6 a = 6 x 6 x 6 = 216 c m
2
Ex.:
A cubic metre o f gold is extended by hammering so

as to cover an area o f 6 hectares. Find the thickness
o f the gold.
Soln:

=> 1 cu m = 60000 x thickness
Surface area o f given cuboid = 2 (27 * 8 + 8 x 1 + 27 x 1)
= 502 c m
.-. Difference between the surface areas = (502 - 216)

= 286cm .
3. b; Hint: Let the length ofthe wire b e x c m .
2
1
thickness =
60000
m = 0.0017 cm.
Then, X T C X 7 X 7 X 7 = T C X 0 . 1 X 0 . 1 X X
598
4 7x7x7
457333
,
= - x
=
= 457.3J
3 0.1x0.1
100
Answers
M
4. b; Hint: Let h be the height o f the cone and r be the radius

o f the base o f each o f the cone and cylinder.
1. b; Hint: In the given question, it may be considered that

the cubical box o f 1 metre edge is disintegrated into numerous smaller cubes o f 10 cm edge.
.-. required number o f cubes
100x100x100
Then, rcr x 5 = i r c r h => h = 15 m .

2
10x10x10
2.c
5. b
0.01
0.01
6. b;Hint: 3.1416x
x
2
h =
4. a
3.b
Rule 29
.
,
xh =1
3.1416x0.01x0.01
=1000.
= 12732.365 cm = 127.3 m.
Rule 28
Theorem: A hollow cylindrical tube open at both ends is

made of a thick metal. If the Internal diameter or radius
and length ofthe tube are given, then the volume of metal is
given by [ n x height x (2 x Internal radius + thickness) x
thickness] cu. units.
Note:
Theorem: Tofind the number of possible cubes when disintegration of a cube into identical cubes.
In the given formula, we can write 2 x intenal

= internal diameter.
radius
Ôriginal
Number of cubes =
length of
New length of
side^
Ex:
A hollow cylindrical tube open at both ends is made

o f iron 2 cm thick. I f the internal diameter be 50 cm and
the length o f the tube be 140 cm, find the volume o f
iron in it.
Soln:

Here, internal diameter = 50 cm.
side
Ex:
Soln:
A cube o f sides 3 cm is melted and smaller cubes o f

sides 1 cm each are formed. H o w many such cubes
are possible?
Quicker Method:
In such questions use the above rule:
internal radius =
:25 cm
22
Required volume = - y - x l 4 0 x ( 2 5 x 2 + 2 ) x 2
' original length o f side

Number possible =
50
new length o f side
22
= x l 4 0 x 5 2 x 2 = 45760 c u c m .
7
.-. In this question, possible number o f cubes
Exercise
= 27.
1.
A hollow cylindrical tube open at both ends is made o f

iron 4 cm thick. I f the internal diameter be 40 cm and the
length o f the tube be 144 cm, find the volume o f iron in it.
a) 25344 re
b) 23544 re
2.

a) 6000 cu cm
b) 6600 cu cm
c) 5600 cu cm
d) None o f these
length ofthe tube be 70 cm, find the volume o f iron in it.
a) 12400 cu cm
b) 15400 cu cm
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
The number o f small cubes with edges o f 10 cm that can

be accommodated in a cubical box o f 1 metre edge is:
a) 100
b)1000
c)10
d) 10000
What number o f 4 cm cubes can be cut from a 12 cm
cube?
a) 24
b)25
c)27
d)64
sides 3 cm each are formed. H o w many such cubes are
possible?
a) 16
b)8
c)27
d) Data inadequate
c) 26344 TC
3.

sides 5 cm each are formed. H o w many such cubes are
possible?
a) 27
b)32
c)29
d)30
d) None o f these
c) 13800 cucm
d) 16400 cucm
Answers
La
2.b
3.b
599
Rule 30
Theorem: A hollow cylindrical
or, l l Or = 5 3 9 0 - 1 4 3 0 = 3960
2
tube open at both ends is
made of a thick metal. If the internal and external
3960
diam-
or,
110
eter or radius of the tube are given, then the volume of

metal
is
Êxternal
given
radius)
by
tc
- (internal
radius)
height
] cu. cm.
[TCx ( 2 . 5 ) x 100 - TC x (1.5) x 100J c m

2

o f iron. I f the external and internal radius o f the tube
are 25 cm and 23 cm respectively, find the volume o f
iron in it.
Soln:
or, r = 6 c m .
.-. thickness o f the cylinder = (7 - 6) = 1 cm.

3. c; Hint: External radius = 2.5 cm; Internal radius = 1.5 cm.
. Volume o f metal
Ex.:
= 36
fxl00[(2.5) -(1.5) ]=-Mcm

2
8800

volume o f iron
Weight o f the metal =
- 2 3 ) = 42240 cu. cm.
The internal diameter o f an iron pipe is 6 cm and the

length is 2.8 metres. I f the thickness o f the metal be 5 m m
and 1 cu cm o f iron weighs 8 gm, find the weight o f the
pipe.
a) 288.2 kg
b) 22.88 k g
c) 822.2 kg
d ) None o f these
In a hollow cylinder made o f iron, the volume o f iron is
1430 cu cm. I f the length ofthe cylinder be 35 cm and its
external diameter be 14 cm, find the thickness o f the cylinder.
a) 1 cm
3-
4.
If 1 cm
b) 2 cm
3
= 26.4 kg.
4. c;Hint: T t x h x O ^ - 1 . 5 ) = rcr h
Exercise
2.
1000
2
or,
1.
x21x-
7
Z
= yxl40x(25
c) 1.5 cm
d) 2.5 cm
cast iron weighs 21 gm, then weight o f a cast
iron pipe o f length 1 m w i t h a bore o f 3 cm and in which

thickness o f metal is 1 cm, is:
a) 2 l k g
b) 24.2 kg
c) 26.4 kg
d) 18.6 kg
The radius o f the inner surface o f a leaden pipe is 1.5 dm,
and the radius o f the outer surface is 1.9 dm. I f the pipe
be melted and formed into a solid cylinder o f the same
length as before, find its radius.
a) l d m
b) 11.7dm
c) 1.17dm
d)2.17dm
= 1.9 - 1 . 5
2
= 1.36
Rule 31
Theorem: A hollow cylindrical tube open at both ends is
made of a thick metal. If the external diameter or radius
and length of the tube are given, then the volume of metal is
given by
[TC x height x (2 x outer radius - thickness)^
thickness]
cu.
we can write 2 x outer
radius
units.
Note: In the given formula,
= outer diameter.
Ex.:

o f iron 2 cm thick. I f the external diameter be 50 cm
and the length o f the tube be 140 cm, find the volume
o f iron in it.
Soln:

Here, external diameter = 50 cm
50
external radius = = 25 cm.
2
1. b; Hint: Volume o f the metal in the pipe
.-. r = V T 3 6 = 1 . 6 6 1 * 1 . 1 7 dm.
Answers
=x280x[(3.5) -(3) ]=2860
Required volume = ^ - x l 4 0 ( 2 5 x 2 - 2 ) x 2
7
ucm
22
x l 4 0 x 4 8 x 2 = 42240 c u c m .
[External diameter = 3 + 0.5 = 3.5 cm]
Exercise
.-. Weight ofthe pipe = ^
2.a;Hint: y
x 3 5 x [ 7 - r ] = 1430
2
J q ^ J =22.88 kg.
1.
Find the volume o f the material in a cylindrical tube in

cubic dm, the radius ofthe outer surface being 10 dm the
thickness 0.4 dm, and the height 9 dm.
a) 22.76 c u b m
b) 221.67 c u b m
c) 221.76 c u b m
or, 5 3 9 0 - 1 1 0 r = 1 4 3 0
d) 220.67 c u b m
600
2.
3.
Find to the nearest integer the inside volume o f a hollow

cylinder, (open at both ends), whose external diameter is
3.5 metres, thickness 0.05 metre and height 2.083 metres.
(Take = 3.1416)
a)19cubm b)21cubm c)14cubm d)28cubm
iron 1 cm thick. I f the external diameter be 22 cm and the
a) 4620 c u c m
b) 4660 c u c m
c) 3620 cucm
d) 3820 c u c m
Answers
Answers
l.a
2.c
Cases of sphere changing shapes
Rule 33
Theorem: If a sphere of certain diameter or radius is drawn
into a cylinder of certain diameter or radius, then the length
or
height
of
the
cylinder
is
given
by
4 x (radius of
3 x (radius of
l.c
2.a
3.a
sphere)
cylinder)'
3.a
Rule 32
Theorem: If a rectangular sheet is rolled into a cylinder so
that the one side becomes the height of the cylinder then
the volume of the cylinder
so formed
is given by
height x(other side of the
Ex.:
A copper sphere o f diameter 18 cm is drawn into a

wire o f diameter 4 m m . Find the length o f the wire.
Soln:
sheet)
Quicker Method:
When a sphere is converted into a cylinder (Note that
wire is basically a cylinder) the length o f the wire is
given by the rule:
4rc
4 x (radius o f sphere)
Ex.:
length of cylinder
A rectangular sheet with dimension 22 m * 10 m is

rolled into a cylinder so that the smaller side becomes
the height o f the cylinder. What is the volume o f the
cylinder so formed?
Soln:
385 c u m .
. 22
4x
7
Note: The height is 10 m since it is the smaller side. The other
side is obviously 22 m .
2.
3.
A rectangular sheet with dimension 11 m x 8 m is rolled

into a cylinder so that the smaller side becomes the height
o f the cylinder. What is the volume o f the cylinder so
formed?
a) 77 cu m
b) 87 cu m
c) 66 cu m
d) Data inadequate
A rectangular sheet with dimension 33 cm x 24 cm is
rolled into a cylinder so that the smaller side becomes
the height o f the cylinder. What is the volume o f the
cylinder so formed?
a) 2069 cucm
b) 2709 c u c m
c) 2079 cucm
d) 2089 c u c m
A rectangular sheet with dimension 44 m x 20 m is rolled
into a cylinder so that the smaller side becomes the height
o f the cylinder. What is the volume o f the cylinder so
formed?
a) 3080 c u m
c) 5060 cu m
b) 8030 c u m
d) None o f these
4x(90)
~| ^ 2
= 243000 mm = 24300 cm.

Sphere converted into a cylinder and cylinder converted into a sphere are one and the same thing.
Exercise
1.
Exercise
1.
Note:
10x(22)
ra
.-. In the given question, length
Volume =
^ ^ ( d i u s o f cylinder)
The diameter o f a copper sphere is 6 cm. The sphere is

melted and drawn into a long wire o f uniform circular
cross section. I f the length o f the wire is 36 cm, find its
radius.
a) 1cm
b) 2 cm
c) ^3 cm
2.
3.
4.
A copper sphere o f diameter 12 cm is drawn into a wire

o f diameter 2 cm. Find the length o f the wire.
a) 288 cm
b) 284 cm
c) 286 cm d) None o f these
a) 576 cm
b) 676 cm
c) 756 cm
d) 776 cm
a) 108 cm
b) 180 cm
c) 190 cm
d) None o f these
Answers
4 3
l.a;Hint: 3 6 * x 3 r
3.a
4. a
cm.
2. a
601
the radius o f wire
Rule 34
Theorem: A sphere is converted into a cylinder. If the length
jnd the radius of the cylinder are given, then the radius of
the
sphere
is
given
by
4x
36
4x18x18x18
3x7.29x1000
(length ofcylinder)(radius
of
cylinder)
Exercise
1.
A cylinder o f radius 2 cm and height 15 cm is melted
and the same mass is used to create a sphere. What
w i l l be the radius o f the sphere?
Soln:
2.

3.
the radius o f sphere
3/-xl5x2x2
/45
A copper sphere o f 12 m diameter is drawn into a cylindrical wire o f length 1.8 km. What is the radius of wire,
a) 4 m
b) 40 cm
c) 40 mm d) Data inadequate
A copper sphere o f 15 m diameter is drawn into a cylindrical wire o f length 4.5 k m . What is the radius o f wire.
d)0.1 cm
a)lm
b)2m
c)0.1m
A copper sphere o f 18 m diameter is drawn into a cylindrical wire o f length 5.4 k m . What is the radius o f wire.
a) 1 cm
Exercise
1.
3.
4.
b) 1.2 cm
c) 1.2 m
d)l m
Answers
A cylinder o f radius 9 cm and height 12 cm is melted and

the same mass is used to create a sphere. What w i l l be
the radius o f the sphere?
b) Ifij
a) 9 cm
2.
= 1.0 J m.
Ex.:
3x7290
cm
c) 8 cm
d) 7 cm
A cylinder o f radius 6 cm and height 8 cm is melted and
the same mass is used to create a sphere. What w i l l be
the radius o f the sphere?
a) 7 cm
b) 4 cm
c)6cm
d) 3/36 cm
3.c
2.a
Rule 36
Theorem: If sphere is melted toform a cylinder whose height
is if times its radius, then the ratio of radii of sphere to the
cylinder is

and the same mass is used to create a sphere. What w i l l
be the radius o f the sphere?
a) 12 cm
b)10cm
c)8cm
d)6cm
and the same mass is used to create a sphere. What w i l l
be the radius o f the sphere?
a) 12 cm
c) 15 cm
l.b
Ex.:
A sphere is melted to form a cylinder whose height is

4 ^ times its radius. What is the ratio o f radii o f sphere
to the cylinder?
Soln:
Detail Method: Let the radius ofthe sphere and cylinder be ' R ' and ' r ' respectively.
Volume ofthe cylinder
b)18cm
d) Data inadequate
= nr h
2
= nr \
2
9
=
h = r
2
Answers
l.a
3.a
2.c
4.c
Volume ofthe sphere =
Rule 35
Theorem: If a sphere of certain diameter or radius is drawn
into a cylinder of certain height or length, then the radius
"
As per the question.

Volume o f the sphere = Volume o f the cylinder
27
R
of cylinder is given by
I4x(radius
of
3 x (length of
sphere)
cylinder)
Ex.:
A copper sphere o f 36 m diameter is drawn into a

cylindrica wire o f length 7.29 k m . What is the radius
o f wire.
or,
.-. R : r = 3 : 2
Quicker Method: A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we
have
'9
Soln:
or,
3>
27 Y
the required ratio = |
8
/
3:2
PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS
602
Exercise
Exercise
1.
2.
A sphere is melted to form a cylinder whose height is 36

times its radius. What is the ratio o f radii o f sphere to the
cylinder?
1.
a)3:2
b)4:l
c)9:l
d)3:l
15 times its radius. What is the ratio of radii o f sphere
16
2.
1
A cone, whose height is ~ o f its radius, is melted to
16
form a sphere. Find the ratio o f radius o f the sphere to
that o f the cone.
a) 1:3
b)l:4
c)2:3
d) 1 : 2
A cone, whose height is 1 3 -
times o f its radius, is
to the cylinder?
a) 3 : 1
b) 7 : 4
c) 9 : 4
d) Data inadequate
melted to form a sphere. Find the ratio o f radius o f the
70 times its radius. What is the ratio o f radii o f sphere

16
a)3:2
b)2:3
c)4:3
d)3:l
A cone, whose height is 32 times o f its radius, is melted
to form a sphere. Find the ratio o f radius o f the sphere to
that o f the cone.
to the cylinder?
a) 5 :4
b) 11 :4
c)15:4
sphere to that o f the cone.

3.
d) 13 : 4
Answers
a) 1:2
b)3:2
c)2:l
d)Noneofthese
Answers
l.d
2.c
3.c
Lb
2.a
3.c
Rule 37
Rule 38
Theorem: If a cone, whose height is n times of its radius, is

melted to form a sphere, assuming that there is no loss of
material in this process, ratio of radius ofthe sphere to that
Theorem: When one cylinder is converted into many small

spheres, then the number of small spheres is given by the
following
formula,
Volume of cylinder
Number of small spheres = Tr~,
T,
7
'
_
volumeoj 1 sphere
X
of the cone is
Ex.:
Ex.:
A cone, whose height is half o f its radius, is melted to

form a sphere. Find the ratio o f radius o f the sphere to
that o f the cone.
Soln:
Detail Method: Let the raidus o f sphere and cylinder

be R and r respectively.
Volume of the c o n e
volume o f cylinder
1
2.
1 2
-rcr h = - r c r
3
3
4
Volume ofthe sphere = y
Soln:
H o w many bullets can be made out o f a lead cylinder

28 cm high and 6 cm radius, each bullet being 1.5 cm
in diameter?
In this case, one cylinder is not converted into just
one sphere but many spheres are being made. Here
we w i l l use the above formula:
Number o f bullets
3x2
volume o f 1 bullet
7tx6x6x28
=1792.
-XTCX 0.75x0.75x0.75
Exercise
As per the question,
Volume o f the sphere = Volume o f the cone
or,
-3
TCR
'3
*
= x
1.
2
3
2.
or,
.-. R : r = l : 2
Quicker Method: A p p l y i n g the above theorem,
.
Required ratio =
1/
/2
4
-, i /
1
1 :2
3.
A cylinder o f length 1 metre and diameter 15 cm is melted

down and cast into spheres o f diameter 5 cm. H o w man\
spheres can be made?
a) 270
b)260
c)290
d)370
A cylinder o f length 16 metres and diameter 4 cm is melted
down and cast into spheres o f diameter 1.6 cm. How
many spheres can be made?
a) 475
b)575
c)375
d)675
A cylinder o f length 24 metres and diameter 5 cm is melted
down and cast into spheres o f diameter 2 cm. H o w man\
spheres can be made?
a) 450
b)360
c)480
d)950
VTHS
603
Answers
slant height = V3 + 4
2
l.a
3.a
2.c
=-/25~ = 5
radius o f the greatest sphere
Rule 39
T heorem: If a sphere of radius R units has a spherical
3x4
12
1
= y = l - = 1.5 metres.
cav-
ay- of radius r units, then the volume of the spherical shell is
Exercise
1.
cubic units.
%iven by
There is a cone o f radius 18 cm and height 24 cm. Find

the radius o f the greatest sphere that can be carved out
o f that cone.
Ex.:
A sphere o f radius 5 cm has a spherical cavity o f

radius 3 cm. Find the volume o f the spherical shell.
Soln:
2.
a) 9 cm
b)12cm
c) 6 cm
There is a cone o f radius 5 cm and height 12 cm. Find the

radius o f the greatest sphere that can be carved out o f
Volume ofthe spherical shell = y

4
"
that cone.
fea ? 3 l
p
3 J
_
b) 3 - cm
a) 3 cm
4
22
=
^ 9 8
3
7
T
2
= 410-cm .
3
3
3.
c)
. 1
~ cm
4
<f) 5 - cm
J
There is a cone o f radius 10 cm and height 24 cm. Find

the radius o f the greatest sphere that can be carved out
Exercise
o f that cone.
A sphere o f radius 5 cm has a spherical cavity o f radius

4 cm. Find the volume ofthe spherical shell.
244
b) *J-*
a)12rc
c) 144TC
d) Data inadequate
a) 6 j
4.
cm
b)6cm
c) 6
d) Data inadequate

that cone.
3 cm. Find the volume o f the spherical shell.

a)253 rc
b)255 rc
c ) 2 5 2 TC
_1
a) ' cm
d)152rc
b) 8 cm

5 cm. Find the volume o f the spherical shell.
872
a )
874
b) - y
d) 8 - cm
c) 7 cm
3
d) Data inadequate
that cone.
782
a) 5 cm
Answers
l.b
b ) 6 cm
T1
2.c
3.a
Rule 40
c) 6 y cm
d) Data inadequate
Theorem: The radius of a greatest sphere that can be carved
Answers
rh
out of a cone of radius r and height his .
^
Where, I=slant height of the cone.
l.a
2.b
J. a
4. a
5. a
Rule 41
Theorem: When a sphere disintegrates into many identical
spheres, then the number of smaller identical spheres are
Ex.:
There is a cone o f radius 3 metres and height 4 metres.

Find the radius o f the greatest sphere that can be
carved out o f that cone.
Soln:
( bigger radius Y
given by ^
n
radius,
s
Ex.:
Find the number o f lead balls o f diameter 1 cm each

that can be made from a sphere o f diamete 16 cm.
r
604
Soln:
Detail Method:
a)3>/3:4
Volume o f big sphere
4.
Number o f balls = v o l u m e o f 1 small sphere
b)3:4VJ
rcx8x8x8
= 3
b)2:l
l.c
Quicker Method: A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we

have
2.b
3.c
Theorem: If the ratio of the radii of two spheres are given,

result.
= 4096
(Ratio of radii)
= Ratio of surface
Find the number o f lead balls o f diameter 2 cm each that

can be made from a sphere o f diameter 14 cm.
a) 343
b)243
c)443
d)433
Find the number o f lead balls o f diameter 1.5 cm each
that can be made from a sphere o f diameter 30 cm.
a) 4000
b)8000
c) 16000 d) Data inadequate
Find the number o f lead bails o f diameter 1 cm each that
can be made from a sphere o f diameter 18 cm.
a)<832
b)8332
c)8532
d)5882
Answers
Ex.:
2.b
is the ratio o f their surface areas?
Exercise
1.
4.
The curved surface areas o f two spheres are in the
ratio 1 : 4 . Find the ratio o f their volumes.
Soln:

(1 : 4 ) = (ratio o f volumes)
or, ( 1 : 6 4 ) = (ratio o f volumes)
3
or, ^ / l :64 = 1:8
The radii o f two spheres are in the ratio o f 3 : 4. What is

the ratio o f their surface areas?
b) 16:25
The curved surface areas o f two spheres are in the ratio
Answers
l.d
2.b
c)8: V5
5
d) 5^5
:8
{Ratio of radiif
Ex.:
Soln:
1 : 3 . Find the ratio o f their volumes.
3V3
a) 1 : 3V2
b) 1 :
c) 1:3

3 : 4 . Find the ratio o f their volumes.
3.a
4. a
= Ratio of volumes
4 : 5. Find the ratio o f their volumes.

5
d) Data inadequate
Rule 44
ratio o f volumes.
b)8: V3
c) 9 : 1 4
Theorem: If the ratio of the radii of two spheres are given,

then the ratio of their volumes will be obtained from tht
following
result.
Exercise
3.
a) 1 : 8
b) 1 : 9
c) 1 : 6
d) Data inadequate
a)4:25
b)4:5
c)6:25
d)25:2
a)8:5
I f the radii o f two spheres are in ratio 1 : 4, then ratio o f

their surface areas w i l l be
a) 1:2
b) 1 : 4
c) 1 : 8
d) 1 :16
(NDA Exam 1990)
a) 9 : 16
Ex.:
= (1 : 2 ) = 1 : 4 .
3.
Theorem: If the ratio of surface areas of the two spheres

are given, then the ratio of their volumes will be obtained
from the following result.
(Ratio of the surface areas) = (Ratio of volumes)
B y the above theorem, we have,

(ratio o f surface areas) = (ratio o f radii)
3.a
Rule 42
The radii o f two spheres are in the ratio o f 1 :2. What
Soln:
2.
l.a
2.
areas.
Exercise
1.
4)d
Rule 43
the following
3.
d) 1 I 2V2
then the ratio of their surface areas will be obtained from
the required number =
2.
c)2: V2
Answers
= 4096.
-4TCX 0.5x0.5x0.5
1.
1 : 2. Find the ratio o f their volumes.
a)l:VT
4
d)8: V2~
c) 3^3 8
The cm ved surface areas o f two spheres are in the ratio
The radii o f two spheres are in the ratio o f 1 :2. W r j t

is the ratio o f their volumes?
the ratio o f volumes
= {Ratio of radiif
= ( l : if
= 1:8
Exercise
1.
The radii of two spheres are in the ratio o f 1 : 3. W h a a
mentary Mensuration - I I
605
r e ratio o f their volumes?

1 :9
b) 1:27
c) 1:18
d) Data inadequate
~he radii o f two spheres are in the ratio o f 2 : 5. What is
C ratio o f their volumes?
)2:25
b)4:25
c)8:125
d)8:25
"he radii o f t w o spheres are in the ratio o f 4 : 9. What is
r e ratio o f their volumes?
i i 16:81
b)64:729
:i81:64
Ex.:
Soln:
ratio o f curved surface areas = ^] Ratio of
3.b
Note:
aen volumes are equal
Rule 45
em: If the ratio of the heights of two circular cylin>iequal volume are given, then the ratio of their radii
in by the following
2.
result.
ofradii = înverse ratio of heights
3.
tetrative Example
Two circular cylinders o f equal volume have their
heights in the ratio o f 1 : 2. Ratio o f their radii is?
:
4.
the ratio o f radii

= ^/inverse ratio o f heights = V 2 : 1 = -J2 :1
E This formula is also applicable for two cones.
srcise
I f in place o f cylinders, cones are given, this formula

is applicable.
Exercise
1.
Cylinders

in the ratio o f 1 : 4. Find the ratio o f their curved
areas.
a) 1:2
b)l:4
c)2:l
d)4:l
areas.
a)4:5
ers
2.b
3.d
4.b
Rule 46
rem: If the ratio of curved surface areas of two circulinders of equal volume are given, then the ratio of
heights is given by the following result.
of curved surface areas = j ratio of heights .
heights
surface
b)5:4
c)16:5
d)4:25
Answers
l.a
| the ratio o f 1 : 9. Ratio o f their radii is?

Dl:3
b)3:l
c) 2 : 3
d) Data inadequate
heights
surface
a) 1:3
b)3 : 1
c)2:l
d) 1 :2
Two circular cylinders o f equal volume have their heights
in the ratio o f 4 : 9. Find the ratio o f their curved surface
areas.
a)9:4
b)4:9
c)2:3
d)3:2
in the ratio o f 16 : 25. Find the ratio o f their curved surface areas.
2.a

I the ratio o f 1 : 4 . Ratio o f their radii is?
i)2:l
b) 4 : 1
c) 16:1
d) Data inadequate
n the ratio o f 16 :25. Ratio o f their radii is?
|4:5
b)5:4
c)3:2
d)2:3
the ratio o f 4 : 9. Ratio o f their radii is?
i2:3
b) 1:2
c)2:l
d)3:2
heights
.-. Ratio o f curved surface areas = yj\ = 1 : ^ 2
ers
2.c

heights in the ratio o f 1 : 2. Find the ratio o f their
curved surface areas.
3.c
4.a
Rule 47
Theorem: If the ratio of radii of two circular cylinders of
equal volume are given, then the ratio of their curved surface areas are given by the following result.
Ratio of curved surface areas = inverse ratio of radii.
Ex.:
Two circular cylinders o f equal volume have their rad i i in the ratio o f 1 : 2. Find the ratio o f their curved
surface areas.
Soln:

the ratio o f curved surface areas
= inverse ratio o f radii = 2 : 1
Note: I f in place o f cylinders, cones are given, this formula
is applicable.
Exercise
1.
Two circular cylinders o f equal volume have their radii in the

ratio o f 1:3. Find the ratio o f their curved surface areas.
a)3:l
b) 1 :3
c)l:2
d) 9 : 1
2.
Two circular cylinders o f equal volume have their radii in

the ratio o f 2 : 5. Find the ratio o f their curved surface
areas.
P R A C T I C E B O O K ON Q U I C K E R M A
606
3.
a)5:2
b)25:4
d ) 4 : 2 5 d) Data inadequate
Two circular cylinders o f equal volume have their radii in
areas.
a)9:4
b)2:3
c)3:2
2.
d)4:9
Answers
1.
areas.
a) 1 :3
b) 3 : 1
c) 1 : 9
d) Data inad
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their he
the ratio o f 1 : 4. Find the ratio o f their curved s
areas.
a)4:l
b)2:l
c)l:2
d) 1 :4
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their he
the ratio o f 4 : 9. Find the ratio o f their curved =
areas.
3.
2.a
3.a
B. When radii are equal

a)2:3
Rule 48
Theorem: If the ratio of heights of two circular cylinders of
equal radii are given then the ratio of their volumes are
given by the following result.
Ratio of volumes = Ratio of heights.
Ex.:
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their height

in the ratio o f 1 : 2. Find the ratio o f their volumes.
Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have
the ratio o f volumes f ratio o f heights
.-, required answer = 1 : 2
is applicable.
1.
2.
3.
w o circular cylinders o f equal radii have their height in

the ratio o f 1 : 3. Find the ratio o f their volumes.
a)3:l
b) 1:9
c)9:l
d) 1 :3
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their height in
a)4:5
b)16:25
c)25:16
d)5:4
a)7:3
b)3:7
c)9:49
d)49:9
l.c
2.d
l.d
2. a
Ex.:
Ex.:
Soln:
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their height

surface areas.
ratio o f curved surface areas = 1 : 2 .

is applicable.
Exercise
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have the

umes in the ratio o f 3 : 1. Find the ratio o f their
surface areas.
ratio o f curved surface areas = Ratio o f volume
1.
Note:
I f in place o f cylinders, cones are given, this fc

is applicable.
Exercise
1.
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their \

. in the ratio o f 2 : 1. Find the ratio o f their curvec s.
areas.
a) 1:2
b) 1:4
c)4:l
d)2:l
2.
Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their
Rule 49
3.d
Theorem: If the ratio of volumes of two circular cy

of equal radii are given then the ratio of their cu
face areas are given by the following result.
Ratio of volumes = Ratio of curved surface areas.
3.b
Theorem: If the ratio of heights of two circuldr cylinders of

equal radii are given then the ratio of their curved surface
areas are given by the following result.
Ratio of curved surface areas = Ratio of heights.
3.
in the ratio o f 9 : 4. Find the ratio o f their curved s

areas.
a)3:2
b)2:3
c)36:81
d)9:Two circular cylinders o f equal radii have their
in the ratio o f 4 : 7. Find the ratio o f their cur\c
areas.
a)16:49
b)4:7
c)2:
d)Datairr
Answers
l.d
2.d
3.b
C . When heights are equal
Rule 51
Theorem: If the ratio of radii of two circular cylin
equal heights are given, then the ratio of their v
given by the following result.
Ratio of volumes = (Ratio of radii)
2
1.

d)4:9
Rule 50
Answers
c)9:4
Answers
Soln:
Exercise
b)3:2
:entary Mensuration - I I
607
Answers
trative Example
Two circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii in the ratio o f 2 : 3 . Ratio o f their volumes is
.
ratio o f volumes = (Ratio o f radii) = (2 : 3 ) = 4 : 9
If in place o f cylinders, cones are given, this formula
is applicable.
2
2.b
l.c
3.d
Rule 53
Theorem: If the ratio of curved surface areas of two circular cylinders of equal heights are given, then the ratio of
their volumes is given by the following results.
Ratio of volumes = (Ratio of curved surface areas)
2
cise
so circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii
the ratio o f 1 : 3. Ratio o f their volumes is
13:1
b) 1 : 73
)
) l
n circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii
r the ratio o f 4 : 5. Ratio o f their volumes is
.
c
i 5:4
b) 2 : ^5
c) 16:25
Ex.:
Two circular cylinders o f equal heights have their

curved surface areas in the ratio o f 2 : 3. Find the ratio
d) Data inadequate
Soln:
o f their volumes.
A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we have,
Ratio o f volumes = (Ratio o f curved surface areas)
= (2:3) = 4:9
is applicable.
2
circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii

r the ratio o f 2 : 1. Ratio o f their volumes is
1)4:1
'
c) l : ^
d)72":l
"o circular cylinders o f equal heights . . . . . their radii

r. the ratio o f 3 : 4 . Ratio o f their volumes i
.
9: 16
b) 1 6 : 9
c\i:
d) J~
Exercise
1.
Two circular cylinders o f equal heights have their curved

surface areas in the ratio o f 1 : 2. Find the ratio o f their
volumes.
a^
ers
2.c
3.a
4.a
2.
Rule 52
m: If the ratio of radii of two circular cylinders of
heights are given, then the ratio of their curved surreas is given by the following results,
of curved surface areas = ratio of radii
3.
c)4:l
d) 1 :
b)5:2
c)4:25
d)25:4
Two circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii in the ratio o f 2 : 3. Find the ratio o f their curved
surface areas.
Answers

ratio o f curved surface areas = ratio o f radii = 2 : 3
is applicable.
D. When curved surface areas are equal.
rcise
Two circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii
r. the ratio o f 1 : 4. Find the ratio o f their curved surface
L-eas.
i)l:2
b)2:l
c)I:4
d)4:l
Two circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii
n the ratio o f 2 : 5. Find the ratio o f their curved surface
reas.
i-5:2
b)2:5
c)3:2
d)4:25
I wo circular cylinders o f equal heights have their radii
n the ratio o f 4 : 9. Find the ratio o f their curved surface
reas.
i)2:3
b)3:2
c)9:4
d)4:9

volumes.
a) 1: 81
b) 1 : 3
c) 3 : 1 d) Data inadequate
volumes.
a)2:5
trative Example
b)2: 1
l.a
2.a
3.c
Rule 54
Theorem: If the ratio of radii of two circular cylinders of
equal curved surface areas are given, then the ratio of volumes is calculated from the following result.
Ratio of volumes = Ratio of radii
Ex.:
Two circular cylinders o f equal curved surface areas

have their radii in the ratio o f 3 : 4. Find the ratio o f
their volumes.
Soln: A p p l y i n g the above theorem.
Ratio o f volumes = Ratio o f radii = 3 : 4
is applicable.
Exercise
1.
Two circular cylinders o f equal curved surface areas have

their radii in the ratio o f 3 : 5. Find the ratio o f their
P R A C T I C E B O O K ON Q U I C K E R MA
608
2.
3.
volumes.
a)5:3
b)9:25
c)25:9
d)3:5
volumes.
a)l:4
b)2:l
c)4:l
d) 1:16
volumes.
a) 4 : 9
b) ^ 2
V3
2 :
inadequate
Ex.:
T w o circular cylinders o f equal curved surface

have their heights in the ratio o f 3 : 4 . Find the
their radii.
Soln:
Ratio o f radii = Inverse ratio o f heights = : =
Exercise
1.

their heights in the ratio o f 2 : 3. Find the ratio c '
-
Answers
l.d
2. a
radii.
a)3:2
3.c
2.
Rule 55
equal curved surface areas are given, then the ratio of their
volumes is calculated from the following result.
Ratio of volumes = inverse ratio of heights.
3.
Ex.:
Soln:

have their heights in the ratio o f 3 : 4 . Find the ratio o f
their volumes.
Answers
A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we have,

Ratio o f volumes
l.a
I I . ,
is applicable.
Exercise
1.
2.

their heights in the ratio o f 2 : 3. Find the ratio o f their
volumes.
a)3:2
b)4:9
c)9:4
d) Data inadequate
volumes.
a)2:l
3.
b)l:4
c)4:l
d) 1 :
a)5:2
Ex.:
3.a
Soln:
d) Data inadequate
= Inverse ratio o f slant heights = ' = 4 I
3.b
Rule 56
of two right err,

given, then tkt
result.
heights.
Two right circular cones o f equal curved su-r

eas have their heights in the ratio o f 3 : 4. F
ratio o f their radii.
A p p l y i n g the above theorem.
Ratio o f radii
1.
2.

equal curved surface areas is given, then the ratio of their
radii is given by the following
d)
a) 7 5 : 2
2.a
: %
Rule 57
Answers
l.a
c)4:25
Theorem: If the ratio of slant heights

cones of equal curves surface areas is
of their radii is given by the following
Ratio of radii = inverse ratio of slant
Exercise
c) 2 : 7 5
d)72
c) 2 : 1
d) Data inac-e
equal curved surface ares
o f 2 : 5. Find the ratio
2.a

volumes.
b) 4 : 5
b)2:5
c) 73:72
equal curved surface areas

o f 1 : 4. Find the ratio c"
Two Cones
= Inverse ratio o f heights = ' - 4 : 3

Note:
b)4:9
Two circular cylinders o f

their heights in the ratio
radii.
a) 4 : 1
b) 1 :2
Two circular cylinders o f
their heights in the ratio
radii.
Two right
have their
their radii.
a)2:l
Two right
have their
their radii.
Ratio of radii = Inverse ratio of heights.
3.
) 73 : V
b)4:l
c) 1 : ^
d) 1 2
circular cones o f equal curved surface
heights in the ratio o f 2 : 3. Find the
b)3:l
a)3:2
result.
circular cones o f equal curved surface

heights in the ratio o f 1 : 2. Find the
d) Data inadequate
Two right circular cones o f equal curved suracs
<ER MA
>ed surf;::
609
have their heights in the ratio o f 4 : 9. Find the ratio o f
{Ratio of sides)
their radii.
T(
. Find the-
a)2:3
b)9:4
c)3:2
d)4:9
ive
l.a
',
2.a
d)
2.
Two Cubes
Rule 58
urface an
the ratio
Theorem: If the ratio of sides of two cubes is given, then the

ratio of their volumes is calculated from the following result.
Sides o f two cubes are in the ratio o f 1 : 2. Find the ratio

o f their surface areas.
a)l:72~
3.b
ts
3
Exercise
1.
Answers
= (2:3) = 4:9
3.
b) 1 : 4
d) 2: 1
c)4:l

a)9:25
b)25:9
c)5:3
d) Data inadequate
a) 16:49
b)2:
c)
:2
d)49:16
Ratio of volumes = (Ratio of sides)
surface ar
Ex.:
I) Data in
surface ai
the ratio
Answers
the rati'
Soln:
Sides o f two cubes are in the ratio 2 : 3 . Find the ratio

o f their volumes.
Ratio o f volumes
- {Ratio of sidesf
d)
2.
two right cr
en, then thi
3.
suit.
\ghts.
curved s u n
o f 3 : 4. Fr
4.
T h e o r e m : Ifthe ratio of volumes of two cubes is given, then

the ratio of their surface areas is given from the following
{ratio of surface
I f the volumes o f two cubes are in the

o f their edges is:
a)8:1
b)4:l
c) 2:1
I f the volumes o f t w o cubes are in the
o f their edges is:
a) 1:4
b)4:l
c)8:l
Ifthe volumes o f two cubes are in the
o f their edges is:
a) 9 : 1 6
b) 2 7 : 6 4
c) ^3 :2
I f the volumes o f two cubes are in the
o f their edges is:
a) 1:27
Rule 60
result.
= ( 2 : 3 ) = 8: 27
Exercise
1.
b)27:l
ratio 8 : 1, the ratio
Soln:
d) Data inadequate
ratio 1 : 3 , the ratio
d) 1 :9
'8
3.b
/ed surfac
1.
nadequate
urved surface
Surface areas o f two cubes are in the ratio o f 1 : 5. Find

a) 1 : 5^5
b) Vs : 1
c)5:l
d) 125:1
ratio o f their surface areas.
2: 1
4. a
3.
a) 1:3
b)3:l
c) 1 : 3 ( 3 ) ' '
d) 3 ( 3 ) ' ' I 1
Volumes o f two cubes are in the ratio o f 1 : 4. Find the

a) 1:2
b)2:l
d) 1 : 2(2)'=
sides)
Soln:
Volumes o f two cubes are in the ratio o f 1 : 9. Find the
c) 1 : 2 ( 2 )
Ex.:
the ratio o f their volumes.
d) 1 :2
Ratio of surface areas = {Ratio of
volumes)
Exercise
Theorem: Ifthe ratio of sides of two cubes is given, then the

ratio of their surface areas is given by the following result.
êd surface
Find the ran
= {Ratio of
.-. Ratio o f surface areas = ^ 1 : 6 4 = 1:4
2.
Rule 59
Find the
Volumes o f two cubes are in the ratio o f 1 : 8 . Find the

= ( l : 8 ) = 1:64
"
volumes)'
1. c; H i n t : Ratio o f volumes = (Ratio o f sides)

_
= {ratio of
{Ratio of surface areasf
d) I : 8
Answers
Ratio o f sides
areasf
Ex.:
d)3:l
c) 9 : 1
8: 1 = (Ratio o f sides)
3.a
2. a
l b
Sides o f two cubes are in the ratio o f 2 : 3. Find the

Ratio o f surface areas
Answers
1. a; H i n t : (ratio o f volumes) = ( 1 : 5 ) = 1:125
2
.-. ratio o f volumes = ^ 1 : 1 2 5 = 1: 5-J$

2.c
j. c
610
Rule 61
Note: This formula also holds for cylinders.
Theorem: / / the ratio of heights (not slant height) and the

ratio of diameters or radii of two right circular cones are
given, then the ratio of their volumes can he calculated by
the given formula.
Ratio of volumes = (Ratio of radiif
x (ratio of
Soln:
1.
heights)
2.
Ex.:
Exercise
I f the heights o f two cones are in the ratio 1 : 4 and

their diameters in the ratio 4 : 5, what is the ratio o f
their volumes?
Ratio o f volumes = (4 : 5 ) ( l : 4 ) = i - x -
3.
= 4 :25
[ v ratio of diameters = ratio o f radii]

Note: This formula also holds good for cylinders.
a)8:5
2.
3.
4.
a) 16:3
b) 3 : 16
c)5:3
2.c
3.c
Rule 63
Theorem: Ifthe ratio of volumes and the ratio of heights of
two right circular cones are given, then the ratio of their
radii is given by the following result,
ratio of radii
= y](ratio of volumes\inverse
3.b
Ex.:
Soln:
Note:
:64:5
This formula also holds good for cylinders.
Ifthe volumes o f the two cones are in the ratio 1 6 : 9 and

their heights in the ratio 4 : 9, what is the ratio o f their
radii?
3.
2.
If the radii of two cones are in the ratio 1 : 4 and their
lV(4:5)=16xl
' ) 1 4 l = # ^ : 4 ) = 3:l
Ifthe volumes o f the two cones are in the ratio 9 : 1 and

their heights in the ratio 9 : 1 6 , what is the ratio o f their
radii?
a)5:l
b) 3 : I
c)4:l
d)4:3
volumes in the ratio 4 : 5, what is the ratio of their

4 :
1.
heights?
=J(
Exercise
heights)
I f the volumes o f the two cones are in the ratio 4 : 1

and their heights in the ratio 4 : 9, what is the ratio o f
their radii?
4.a
Theorem: Ifthe ratio of radii and the ratio of volumes of

two right circular cones are given, then the ratio of their
heights can he calculated by the following result.
Ratio of heights = (inverse ratio of radii) (ratio of volumes)
Ratio o f heights
ratio of
Ratio o f radii
2.c
x - =25:64.
4
.-. required answer =
d) Data inadequate
Rule 62
Soln:
d)7:8
1. d; H i n t : Ratio o f diameters = Ratio o f radii.
Answers
Ex.:
c)8:7
(5
The radii o f two cylinders are in the ratio o f 2 :3 and their

heights are in the ratio 5 : 3 . The ratio of their volumes is:
a)27:20
b)20:27
c)4:9
d)9:4
(Hotel Management 1991)
The radii o f two cylinders are in ratio 2 :3 and teir heights
in ratio 5 : 3. Their volumes w i l l be in ratio:
a)4:9
b)27:20
c)20:27
d)9:4
(Clerks' Grade Exam 1991)
I f the heights o f two cones are in the ratio 1 : 2 and their
diameters in the ratio 2 : 3, what is the ratio of their v o l umes?
a)4:15
b)2:9
c) 1 : 5
d) Data inadequate
Ifthe heights o f two cones are in the ratio 3 : 4 and their
diameters in the ratio 8 : 3, what is the ratio of their v o l umes?
l.b
b) 1 6 : 9
Answers
Exercise
1.
I f the volumes o f two cones are in ratio 1 : 4 and their

diameters are in ratio 4: 5, then the ratio o f their heights
is:
a) 1 :5
b)5:4
c ) 5 : 16
d)25:64
(NDA Exam 1990)
I f the radii o f t w o cones are in the ratio 1 : 2 and their
volumes in the ratio 2 : 3 , what is the ratio o f their heights?
a) 1:3
b) 4 : 3
c) 8 :3
d) Data inadequate
I f the radii o f two cones are in the ratio 3 : 4 and their
volumes in the ratio 9 : 1 4 , what is the ratio o f their
heights?
a)2:l
b)3:2
c)4:3
d) Data inadequate
I f the volumes o f the t w o cones are in the ratio 25 : 16
and their heights in the ratio 4 : 9, what is the ratio o f
their radii?
a) 15:8
b)5:3
c) 7 :4
d) Can' t be determ i ned
611
Exercise
Answers
1.
3.a
2.a
l.c
Rule 64
Theorem: Ifthe ratio of heights and the ratio of radii of two
circular cylinders are given, then the ratio of their curved
surface areas is given by (ratio of radii) (ratio of heights)
2.
Ex.:
I f the heights and the radii o f two circular cylinders

are in the ratio 2 : 3 and 1 : 2 respectively. Find the
ratio o f their curved surface areas.
Soln: A p p l y i n g the above theorem, we have
required ratio = (2 : 3 ) (1 : 2 ) = 1 : 3
Note: This formula also holds good for cones, just change
to slant height instead o f height.
3.
I f the radii and the curved

cylinders are in the ratio 2
the ratio o f their heights.
a)6:5
b)5:6
I f the radii and the curved
cylinders are in the ratio 3
the ratio o f their heights,
a) 10:9
b)9:10
I f the heights and the radii o f two circular cylinders are

in the ratio 3 : 4 and
4 : 5 respectively. Find the ratio o f their curved surface
3.
areas.
a) 4 : 5
b) 3 : 5
c) 3 : 4
d) Data inadequate
Ifthe heights and the radii o f two circular cylinders are
areas.
a)8:15
b)5:6
c)5:8
d)2:5
I f the heights and the radii o f two circular cylinders are
areas.
a) 1:15
b)3:5
c) 1 :3
d) 1 : 5
Answers
Answers
l.a
2. a
Rule 66
T h e o r e m : If the ratio of heights and the ratio of curved
surface areas of two circular cylinders are given, then the
ratio of their radii is given by (Ratio of curved
areas) (Inverse ratio of heights)
2.a
Ex.:
Soln:
Note:
2.
of their heights are given by (Ratio of curved surface areas)

(Inverse ratio of radii).
Soln:
3.
I f the radii and the curved surface areas o f two circular cylinders are in the ratio 3 : 5 and 6 : 7 respectively.
Find the ratio o f their heights.
the required ratio
30
(6:7)
I f the heights and the curved surface areas o f two circular cylinders are in the ratio 1 : 2 and 4 : 7 respectively.
Find the ratio o f their radii.
a)7:8
b)8:7
c)2:7
d)7:2
a)3:4
Ev:
This formula also holds good for cones, just change

to slant heights instead o f heights.
Exercise
Rule 65
face areas of two circular cylinders are given then the ratio
I f the heights and the curved surface areas o f two

circular cylinders are in the ratio 1 : 3 and 4 : 5 respectively. Find the ratio o f their radii.
required ratio = (4 : 5 ^ 1 : i j = ( 4 : 5X3: l ) = 12:5
3.a
Theorem: If the ratio of radii and the ratio of curved sur-
( 6 : 7) ( 5 : 3)
Note: This formula also holds good for right circular cones,
b)4:3
c)5:6
d) 16:9
a)5:6
b)5:8
c)6:5
d)15:32
Answers
l.b
2.b
3.a
Rule 67
10:7
21
surface
1.
l.b
c) 3 : 5
d) 5 :3
surface areas o f two circular
4 and 5 : 6 respectively. Find
c)5:8
d)8:5
I f the radii and the curved surface areas o f two circular
cylinders are in the ratio 4 5 and 6 : 7 respectively. Find
the ratio o f their heights,
c)35:24
d)24:35
a) 14:15
b) 15 :14
Exercise
1.
surface areas o f two circular

3 and 4 : 5 respectively. Find
T h e o r e m : x units of rain has fallen on ay square units of

land. Assuming
that R% of the raindrops could have been
just change to slant heights instead o f heights.

collected and contained in a pool having a x , units * _y,
612
units base, the level, by which the water level in the pool
R
would have increased, is given by TQ~Q~
Ex:
If the radius of a cylinder is doubled and the height is

halved, what is the ratio between the new volume and
the previous volume?
Soln:
Detail Method: Let the initial radius and height of the

cylinder be r cm and h cm respectively.
xy
units.
Two cm of rain has fallen on a square km of land.
Assuming that 50% ofthe raindrops could have been
collected and contained in a pool having a 100 m x 10
m base, by what level would the water level in the
pool have increased?
Ex.:
Soln:
Then V, =
New
Detail Method: Volume of rain water = Area n height

= a km f x 2 cm = (1000 m) x 0.02 m = 20,000 m
Quantity of collected water
2
and V = n(2r)
2
volume
2nr h
2
2%r h
2 _ ,
r = - = 2:1
nr h
1
2
Previous volume
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we

have
= 50% of20,000 m = - x 20000 = 10000 m

2
3
x = 2 and
y=
.-. increased level in pool

Volume collected
Base area of pool
10000 = 10
m
10 x 100
.-. required ratio = ( 2 ) x = 2:1

2
.-. the water level would be increased by 10 m.

have the required answer
(l000) x0.02
2
50
100
1.
1 ,
x = 10 m.
1000
2
2.
Exercise
1.
3.
One cm of rain has fallen on 2 square km of land. Assuming that 25% of the raindrops could have been collected
and contained in a pool having a 50 m * 5 m base, by
what level would the water level in the pool have increased?
a) 20 m
b)40m
c)25m
d) Data inadequate
Two cm of rain has fallen on a square km of land. Assuming that 40% of the raindrops could have been collected
and contained in a pool having a 200 m x 20 m base, by
what level would the water level in the pool have increased?
a) 2 m
b) 1 m
c) 4 m
d) 1.5 m
4 cm of rain has fallen on 2 square km of land. Assuming
that 50% of the raindrops could have been collected and
contained in a pool having a 100 m x 10 m base, by what
level would the water level in the pool have increased?
a) 40 m
b)60m
c)80m
d) None of these
Answers
l.b
3.
I f the radius of a cylinder is trebled and the height is

doubled, what is the ratio between the new volume and
a)8:l
b)9:l
-a c ) 9 : 2
d) 18:1
Ifthe radius of a cylinder becomes 4 times and the height
3
~ times, what is the ratio between the new volume and
o
a)6:l
b)5:l
c)4:l
d) 3: 1
If the radius of a circular cone is halved and the height is
doubled, what is the ratio between the new volume and
a)2:l
l.d
'y' times, then the ratio between the
new volume and the previous
volume is given by
[x yj.
2
d) 1:4
2.a
3.b
Theorem: Ifthe radius of a circular cylinder becomes x

times and the height becomes y times, then the ratio between the new curved surface area and the previous curved
surface area of the cylinder is given by (xy).
Rule 68
the height becomes
c)4:l
Rule 69
3.c
Theorem: Ifthe radius of a cylinder becomes 'x' times and
b)l:2
Answers
Ex:
2.a
This theorem also holds good for right circular cones.
Exercise
20000
=
100x10
Note:
Soln:
Ifthe radius of a cylinder is doubled and the height i s

halved, what is the ratio between the new curved surface area and the previous curved surface area of the
cylinder.
Detail Method: Let the initial radius and height of the
cylinder be r cm and h cm respectively.
Then, curved surface area of the original cylinder
= 2nrh and
Elementary Mensuration - II
613
curved surface area of the new cylinder

= 2TC(2/-)X ^ = 2nrh
Soln:
taken out has been spread all round it to a width of 7

m to form a circular embankment. Find the height of
this embankment.
Detail Method: Volume of earth dug out
:. required ratio
New curved surface area
2rcrh
Previous curved surface area
27rrh
-j, = i - f l H l x8 = x5.6x5.6x8 = 788.48

2
Area of embankment = TC(5.6 + 7 ) - T C ( 5 . 6 )

2
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem,
Here, x = 2 and y =
2
.-. Required ratio = 2 y
= 1:1
2
=7c[(5.6 + 7 ) - ( 5 . 6 ) ]
2
- TC[(5.6 + 7 - 5.6X5.6 + 5.6 + 7)]

=1:1
= x 7 x l 8 . 2 = 400.4 m
7
788.48 . _
2
Note:
This formula also hold&good for right circular cones.

Just change to slant height instead of height.
.-. height of the embankment =
Exercise
1.
~ l . / metres
have
If the radius of a cylinder becomes 3 times and the height
the height of embankment
5.6x5.6x8 _ 6.4x5.6
times,what is the ratio between the new curved sur=
7(7 + 11.2) ~
18.2
-1.97 metres.
face area and the previous curved surface area of the
Exercise
cylinder?
2.
3.
1.
a) 1:1
b) 1:2
c) 2 :1
I f the radius of a cylinder is halved and the height is
halved, what is the ratio between the new curved surface area and the previous curved surface area of the
cylinder.
a)4:l
b) 1:4
c)l:2
d) 2:1
I f the radius of a right circular cone becomes 4 times and
1
2.
the slant height becomes times, what is the ratio be-
A well with 14 metres inside diameter is dug 8 metres

deep. Earth taken out of it has been evenly spread all
around it to a width of 21 metres to form an embankment.
The height of embankment is:
a) 43 cm
b) 47.6 cm
c) 53.3 cm
d)41cm
A well with 10 metres inside diameter is dug 14 metres
deep. Earth taken out of it has been spread all-round it to
a width of 5 metres to form an embankment. Find the
height of the embankment.
a) 4 metres
.1
b) 4- metres
c) 5 metres
d) 5 metres
tween the new curved surface area and the previous

curved surface area of the cone?
a)3:4
b)2:3
c)3:2
d)4:3
Answers
l.a
2.b
3.
3.d
Rule 70
Theorem: A wellof'D'm
A well of 10 m diameter is dug 12 m deep. The earth taken

out has been spread all round it to a width of 6 m to form
a circular embankment. Find the height of this embankment.
1
diameter or radius V metre (here,
a) 3
r = ) is dug 7 i ' m deep. Ifthe earth taken out has been
Answers
spread all round it to a width of'w'm
l.c
to form a circular
embankment, then the height of this embankment is given

-h
2
by
w(w + D)
metres.
Ex:
A well of 11.2 m diameter is dug 8 m deep. The earth
1
b) 3 m
4
3
d) 3 - m
o
c) 3 m
j
3.a
2. a
Rule 71
Theorem: A right-angled triangle having base x metres
and height equal toy metres is turned around the height, a
right circular cone is formed. Then,
(i) the volume of the cone =
n
I *
2
7
cubic metres and
614
(ii) the surface area ofthe
Find the volume o f the cone thus formed. Also find
cone
the surface area.

x
sq metres.
Soln:
Ex.:

Volume o f the cone = y x 3 x 4 x 4 = 16TC C U . m.
A right-angled triangle having base 3 metres and

Surface area o f the cone = TC X 4 x 5 = 20rc sq m.
height equal to 4 metres, is turned around the height.

Find the volume o f the cone thus formed. Also find
Soln:
Note:
The cone thus formed has height = the base o f the
the surface area.
triangle
Radius = Height o f the triangle
Required volume
Siant height = Hypotenuse o f the triangle.
7 1
= x y = x 3 x 3 x 4 12xc cubic m.
3
3
Required surface area =
Exercise
1.
A right-angled triangle having base 6 metres and height

equal to 8 metres, is turned around the base. Find the
volume o f the cone thus formed. Also find the surface

= T C X 3x
V3 + 4
2
area.
= 1 5TC sq metres.
Exercise
1.
2.
d) 128 TC,48 TC
equal to 8 metres, is turned around the height. Find the

area.
a ) 9 6 r c , 6 0 7i
b ) 4 8 r c , 6 0 7t
a)432 TC, 180 TC
b)462 TC, 190 TC
C)96TC,120TC
d ) 4 8 7c,30Tt
c) 432 TC , 150 TC
d) None o f these
3.



area.
area.
3.
b) 182 TC,90 TI
C)128TC,84TC
area.
2.
a ) 1 2 8 T c , 8 0 7c
a) 324 TC , 135 xt
b) 192 71,120 TC
a) 1024 TC , 320 TC
b) 1044 TC , 320 TC
c) 342 TC , 145 TC
d) None o f these
c) 1024 TC,420 TC
d ) N o n e o f these

Answers
l.a
2.a
3.a
Rule 73
area.
a) 768 7c, 240
71
b) 678 TC , 240 TC
c) 668 TC , 250 TC
T h e o r e m : If length, breadth and height of a cuboid is in-
d) None o f these
creased by x%, y% and z% respectively, then its volume is
Answers
l.a
2.a
3.a
increased by
Rule 72
T h e o r e m : A right-angled
Ex:
and height equal to y metres is turned around the base, a
(I) the volume of the cone =
+ (100)
The length, breadth and height o f a cuboid are i n creased by 5%, 10% and 15% respectively. Find the
Then,
TC
100
xy:
triangle having base x metres
right circular cone is formed.
xy + xz + yz
x+y+z+
percentage increase in its volume.

Soln:
cubic metres and

Here, x = 5%, y = 10%, and z = 15%
Percentage increase i n volume
(ii) the surface area ofthe cone = ny^jx
+y
j q metres.
S
,
5+
'-
(5xlO)+(5xl5)+(lOxl5)
5x10x15
100
(ioo)
10 + 15 +
Ex:
A right-angled triangle having base 3 metres and

height equal to 4 metres, is turned around the base.
30 +
+
100
750
(100)
--
-H
= 30 + 2.75 + 0.075 = 32.825%

2
Elementary Mensuration - II
615
Rule 75
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
The length, breadth and height o f a cuboid are increased

by 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. Find the percentage
increase in its volume.
T h e o r e m : If side of a cube is made x times, then
a) 45%
and
(ii) the percentage
b)45.8%
c)51.5%
d)51.8%

a) 38.6%
b)36.8%
c)35%
d) None o f these
a) 40%
b)45%
c)45.2%
d)40.2%
(i) the percentage
2.a
Ex:
Soln:
Each edge o f a cube is made 2 times. Find

( i ) the percentage increase in its volume and
( i i ) the percentage increase in its total surface area.
the percentage increase in its volume
- ( 2 - l ) 0 0 = 700% and
3.c
the percentage increase in its total surface area
made x, y, and z times respectively, then its volume is increased by [(xyz - l)x 100] per cent.
= ( 2 - l ) 0 0 = 300%.
2
Exercise
1.

( i i ) the percentage increase in its total surface area,
a) 6300%, 1700%
b) 6400%, 1500%
c) 6300%, 1500%
d ) None o f these
( i i ) the percentage increase in its total surface area,
a) 2600%, 800%
b) 2700%, 900%
c) 260%, 80%
d) Data inadequate
The length, breadth and height o f a cuboid are made
3,4 and 5 times respectively. Find the percentage i n crease in its volume.
Percentage increase in volume
2.
= (3x4x5-1)100 = 5900%
Note: 1. I f any o f the sides o f a cuboid is made x times, then
the percentage increase in its volume is (x - l ) x l 0 0 .
2. I f any t w o o f the sides o f a cuboid are made x and y
times, then the percentage increase in its volume is
3.
Each edge o f a cube is made times. Find

( i i ) the percentage increase in its total surface area.
[(xy-l)xlOO].
Exercise
1.
2.
The length, breadth and height o f a cuboid are made 2,3

and 4 times respectively. Find the percentage increase in
its volume.
a) 230%
b)23%
c)2300% d) Data inadequate
The length, breadth and height o f a cuboid are made 2,4
and 6 times respectively. Find the percentage increase in
its volume.
a) 4700%
3.
4.
b)47%
c)470%
b)1700%
c)170%
l.c
b)
3700
700
c)
%, %
370
70
d) % , %
3. c; H i n t : See Note -1
4.b
%,300%
3.c
2. a
l.c
Rule 76
T h e o r e m : If side of a cube is increased by x%, then its
3x
volume
1+
100
2. a
27
Answers
increases
d) 190%
Answers
6400
3700
800
a)-^-~%, %
d)4800%
I f only length o f a cuboid is made 4 times then, find the

a) 6300%
b)640%
c)300%
d) None o f these
I f the length and breadth o f a cuboid are made 3 and 6
times respectively then, find the percentage increase in
its volume.
a) 1900%
in its total surface area is
Rule 74
Soln:
increase
T h e o r e m : If length, breadth and height of a cuboid are
Ex.:
(x -l)xl00
Answers
l.d
increase in its volume is {x - l ) x l 0 0
x100%
by
3x +
100
100
%
2
or
PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS
616
Answers
Ex:
l.b
Each edge of a cube is increased by 50%. What is the
3.c
2.a
percentage increase in its volume?

Soln:
4.b
Rule 78
From the theorem:
Theorem: Ifthe radius (or diameter) of a sphere or a hemi3{50f
(50f
+
,
100
% increase in volume = 3 x 50 +
100
sphere
3x +
= 150 + 75 + 12.5 = 237.5%

Note:
is changed
by x% then its volume
3x'
100
For decrease put the - v e value of x.
100
1.
Ex:
3.

a) 95.3%
b)75%
c)90%
d) 75.312%
Soln:
The diameter of a sphere is increased by 25 per cent.

What is the per cent increase in its volume?
Percentage increase in volume
1+
a) 300%
b)600%
c)650%
d)700%
a) 60%
b)72.8%
c)60.8%
3.b
Note:
Theorem: If side of a cube is increased by x%, then its

i \
2x + per cent
100
5
1.
2.
3.
2. For decrease, put the - v e value of x.
Exercise
2.
3.
4.
Each edge
percentage
a)20%
Each edge
percentage
a) 44%
Each edge
percentage
a) 50%
c) 56.25%
Each edge
percentage
a) 80%
x 100 = 95.31%
We have used the word 'change' in place of increase

or decrease in some cases. By this we conclude that if
there is increase use the +ve value and if there is
decrease then use the - v e value. I f we get the answers +ve or - v e then there is respectively increase
or decrease in the volume.
Exercise
1 O C 0 ,
% increase in area = 2 x 50 + ~
= 1.0/0
Note: 1. For the area, we see that only two measuring sides
are involved (as area has 2-dimensions). So, we use
the above formula,
1.
xl00
64
Rule 77
Soln:
1 xl00
4x4x4
125-64
surface area increases by
5x5x5-4x4x4
d)78.2%
I d
Ex:
25
100J
Answers
l.a
by
xl00%
1+100 )
%or
2
Exercise
2.
changes

a)95.3%
b)75%
c)90%
d)75.312%
a) 60%
b)72.8%
c)60.8%
d)78.2%
a) 160%
b) 145.6%
c) 174.4%
d) None of these
Answers
of a cube is increased by 10%. What is the
b)21%
c)20.5%
d)22%
b)44.5%
c)40%
d) None of these
b) 31.25%
d) Data inadequate
b)96%
c)88%
d) 100.5%
l.a
2.b
Rule 79
3.c
Theorem: Ifthe radius (or diameter) of a sphere or a hemisphere is changed by x% then its curved surface area
changes by
2x+100
per cent.
Ex:
The diameter of a hemisphere is increased by 25%.

What is the percentage increase in its curved surface
area.
Soln:
617
ing its radius unchanged. What is the % change in its

% increase in surface area
volume?
2y
2 x 25 + = 50 + 6.25 = 56.25%
100
Note: We have used the w o r d 'change' in place o f increase
or decrease in some cases. By this we conclude that i f
there is increase use the +ve value and i f there is
decrease then use the - v e value. I f we get the answers +ve or - v e then there is respectively increase
or decrease in the volume.
Exercise
i.
3.
The diameter o f a hemisphere is increased by 5%. What

is the percentage increase in its curved surface area.
a) 10%
b)10.5%
c) 10.75%
d) 10.25%
a) 6%
b)6.9%
c)6.09%
a) 30%
b) 32.25%
c)34%
d)32.5%
Answers
l.d
2.c
a) 4.8%
l.a
Note:

percentage decrease in volume = 25%.
1. This theorem also holds good for right-circular
cones.
2. We have used the w o r d 'change' in place o f i n crease or decrease. B y this we conclude that i f there
is increase use +ve value and i f there is decrease
then use the - v e value. I f we get the answer +ve or
- v e then there is respectively increase or decrease
in the volume.
Exercise
I.
3.
The height o f a cylinder is decreased by 4%. Keeping its

radius unchanged. What is the % change in its volume?
a) 4 %
b)2%
c)8%
d) Data inadequate
The height o f a cylinder is decreased by 8%. Keeping its
radius unchanged. What is the % change in its volume?
a) 8%
b)4%
c)16%
d) Data inadequate
'
The height o f a cylinder is decreased by
.4 y % Keep-
2
_
X
2x+ 100 %
3.a
Or,
1+
\J
2
r >
I - 1 xl00%
00 j
Ex:
Soln:
The radius o f a cylinder is increased by 25%. Keeping its height unchanged. What is the percentage
increase in its volume?
required answer
Soln:
2.a
T h e o r e m : If radius of a right circular cylinder is changed

by x% and height remains the same the volume changes by
Theorem: If height of a right circular cylinder is changed

byx% and radius remains the same then its volume changes
byx%.
The height o f a cylinder is decreased by 25%. Keeping its radius unchanged. What is the % change in its
volume?
d)9.2%
Rule 81
Rule 80
Ex:
c)9.6%
Answers
Note:
3.b
b)4.6%
2x25 +
25^
100 ,
= 50 + = 56.25%
100
cones.
2. We have used the word 'change' in place o f i n crease or decrease. B y this we conclude that i f there
in the volume.
Exercise
1.
2.
3.
The radius o f a cylinder is increased by 30%. Keeping

its height unchanged. What is the percentage increase
in its volume?
a) 60%
b)69%
c)68.5% c) Data inadequate
in its volume?
a) 82.5%
b) 82.25%
c)70%
d)80.5%
in its volume?
a) 110.25% b) 110.5%
c)90%
d) 105.25%
Answers
3.a
2.b
l.b
Rule 82
T h e o r e m : If radius of a right circular cylinder is changed
by x% and height is changed byy% then volume changes
by
2x + y +
+2xy
100
x v
2
100
618
Rule 83
Ex:
Soln:
The radius of a right circular cylinder is decreased by

10% but its height is increased by 15%. What is the
percentage change in its volume?
Here, radius decreases by 10%.
x = - 1 0 [we put - v e sign because o f the decrease
in radius]
y=15
Percentage change in volume
'
ioo
(ioo) .
Theorem: If height and radius of a right circular cylinder

both changes
by x% then volume
changes
by
i
3x +
Each o f the radius and the height o f a right circular

cylinder is both increased by 10%. Find the % by
which the volume increases.
Soln:
Since all the three ( t w o radius + one height) measuring sides increase by the same value, we use the formula
2.
3.
3(10)
(10)
r~ +
100
100
2
% increase in volume = 3 x 1 0 +
Note:
= 30 + 3 + 0.1 = 3 3 . 1 %
1. This theorem also holds for right-circular cones.
2. We have used the word 'change' in place o f increase or decrease. B y this we conclude that i f there
in the volume.
Exercise
1.
a) 0.725% increase in volume

b) Remains unchanged
c) 0.725% decrease in volume
d) Data inadequate
The radius o f a right circular cylinder is decreased by
10% but its height is increased by 20%. What is the
percentage change in its volume?
a) 2.8% decrease in volume b) 3.2% increase in volume
c) Remains unchanged
d) Data inadequate
The radius o f a right-circular cone is increased by 15%
but its height is decreased by 20%. What is the percentage change in its volume?
a) 5.8% increase in volume
b) 5.8% decrease in volume
c) Volume remains unchanged
d) None o f these
Ex:
Exercise
The radius o f a right circular cylinder is decreased by
5% but its height is increased by 10%. What is the percentage change in its volume?
ioo
= - 2 0 + 5 - 2 + 0.15 = - 6 . 8 5 %
1.
x
+
100
-ve sign means decrease in volume

.-. Percentage decrease in volume = 6.85%
Note: 1. This theorem also holds good for right-circular
cones.
2. We have used the word 'change' in place o f i n crease or decrease. B y this we conclude that i f there
in the volume.
3x
2.
3.
Each o f the radius and the height o f a right circular cylinder is both increased by 1 % . Find the % by which the
volume increases.
a) 3%
b)3.03%
c ) 3 . 3 % d) Data inadequate
Each o f the radius and the height o f a right circular cylinder is both increased by 20%. Find the % by which the
volume increases.
a) 62.8%
b)72.8%
c)72%
d)60%
Each o f the radius and the height o f a right circular cylinder is both increased by 12%. Find the % by which the
volume increases.
a) 40.45%
b)40%
c) 36.45%
d) 45.45%
Answers
l.b
2.b
3.a
Rule 84
Theorem: Ifthe radius of a right circular cylinder is changed
by x% and height is changed by y% then curved surface
Answers
l.c
2.a
area changes by
3. a; Hint: Change in volume

- 2xl5 + ( - 2 0 ) +
( 1 5 ) 2
100
(IOO)
= 3 0 - 2 0 - 3 . 7 5 - 0 . 7 5 = 5.8%
Since sign is +ve, hence there is a increase in its volume.
x+ y +
xy_
100
per cent.
Ex:
The radius and height o f a cylinder are increased b>

10% and 2 0 % respectively. Find the per cent increase
in its curved surface area.
*-ementary Mensuration - I I
619
Note:
> n: Applying the above theorem,

Per cent increase in surface area
10 + 20 +
10x20
= 32%
100
*we:

cones. Just change to slant height instead o f height.
2. We have used the w o r d 'change' in place o f i n crease or decrease. B y this we conclude that i f there
in the volume.
I \ercise
Exercise
1.
a) 15%
b)20.5%
c) 15.5%
d) None o f these
The radius and height o f a cylinder are increased by
15% and 2 0 % respectively. Find the per cent increase in
its curved surface area.
a) 35%
b)38%
c)38.5%
d)35.8%
The radius and height o f a cylinder are increased by
20% and 2 5 % respectively. Find the per cent increase in
its curved surface area.
a) 45%
b)50%
c)56.5% d) Data inadequate
The radius o f a right circular cone is increased by 25%
and slant height is decreased by 30%. Find the change
in curved surface area o f the cone.
a) 12.5% increase
b) 12.5% decrease
c) 62.5% increase
\nswers
Each o f the radius and the height o f a cone is increased

by 2%. Then find the % increase in volume.
a) 6.1208%
2.
The radius and height o f a cylinder are increased by 5%

and 10% respectively. Find the per cent increase in its
curved surface area.
3.
3.b
- b: H i n t : See Note
Required change in surface area
25-30--
25x30
-12.5% = decrease in surface area.
100
Rule 85
b) 6.1028%
c) 6.0128%
d) None o f these
a) 168.4%
b) 168% c) 174.4% d) Data inadequate
a) 237.5%
b)250%
c) 225.25%
d) 150%
Answers
l.a
3.a
2.c
Rule 86
T h e o r e m : If two cubes each of edge a metres are joined to
form a single cuboid, then the surface area of the new cuboid
so formed is given by (l Qa ) sq metres.
2
Ex:
Soln:
2.b

cylinders.
i
2. We have used the w o r d 'change' in place o f increase or decrease. By this we conclude that i f there
in the volume.
Two cubes each o f edge 10 cm are joined to form a

single cuboid. What is the surface area o f the new
cuboid so formed?
Detail M e t h o d : Breadth and height ofthe new cuboid
w i l l remain as the edge ofthe cube but length o f the
cuboid w i l l be doubled. Then for the cuboid;
length (/) = 2 x 10 = 20 cm.
breadth ( b ) = 10 cm
height ( h ) = 10 cm
.-. surface area o f cuboid = 2[/b + bh + Ih]
= 2[20x 10+lOx 10 + 20* 10]

= 2[500]= 1000 cm
2
Th eorem: If height and radius of a right-circular cone both

change
by
x%
then
volume
changes
by
,
3x
>x +
ioo
ioo
%
2
! 1 lustrative Example
Ex.:
>oln:
Each o f the radius and the height o f a cone is i n creased by 20%. Then find the % increase in volume.
3(20)
/(20)
% increase in volume = 3 20 +
+
x100
100
= 6 0 + 1 2 + 0.8 = 72.8%
2
Quicker M e t h o d (Direct F o r m u l a ) :
Two cubes have 6 x 2 = 12 faces. When they are
joined to form a cuboid, the two faces which are joined,
vanish. A n d hence, we may say that the new cuboid
has the same surface area as the total surface area o f
two cubes minus the two faces' area. That is, the
formula comes as:
Surface area o f new cuboid = ] Q
a2
where a is the side o f the cubes.

.-. in this case the total surface area o f cuboid
= 10 x(10) = 1000 cm
2
620
.-. Smaller side = 60 cm.
Exercise
1.
Two cubes each of edge 2 cm are joined to form a single
Exercise
cuboid. What is the surface area of the new cuboid so
1.
A circular wire of radius 7 cm is cut and bent in the f o -
formed?
2.
ot a rectangle whose sides are in the ratio of 4 : 7. Find
a) 40 sq cm
b) 48 sq cm
c) 36 sqcm
the larger side of the rectangle.
Two cubes each of edge 4 cm are joined to form a single
b)8cm
c)12cm
d)6cm
A circular wire of radius 14 cm is cut and bent in the fom
of a rectangle whose sides are in the ratio of 9 : 2. Find
formed?
the smaller side of the rectangle.
a)160sqcm b)192sqcm c)180sqcm

3.
a) 14 cm
2.
d)152sqcm
Two cubes each of edge 9 cm are j oined to form a single
a)8cm
3.
b)36cm
c)24cm
d)18cm
A circular wire of radius 21 cm is cut and bent in the fom
of a rectangle whose sides are in the ratio of 8 : 3. Fine
formed?
the sides of the rectangle.
a)972sqcm b)810sqcm c)910sqcm
d)820sqcm
Answers
l.a
2.a
a)48cm, 18cm
b)56cm,21cm
c) 40 cm, 15 cm
d) Data inadequate
Answers
3.b
l.a
Rule 87
2.a
3.a
Theorem: If a circular wire of radius x units is cut and bent
Rule 88
in theform of a rectangle whose sides are in the ratio of a:
Theorem: A right circular cone is exactly fitted inside 1

cube in such a way that the edges of the base ofthe cone a-i
b, then the sides of the rectangle are given by
TCX
a + b
touching the edges of one of the faces of the cube and tin
vertex is on the opposite face of the cube. Ifthe volume tr
the cube is given, then the volume of the cone is given to
7UC
units and
units.
a + b,
x volume of the cube

12
Ex:
Soln:
A circular wire of radius 42 cm is cut and bent in the
form of a rectangle whose sides are in the ratio of 6 : 5 .
Ex:
A right circular cone is exactly fitted inside a cube rr
Find the smaller side of the rectangle.
such a way that the edges of the base of the cone -n
Detail Method: Length of the wire = circumference of
touching the edges of one of the faces of the c_nt
the circle
and the vertex is on the opposite face of the cube if

the volume of the cube is 343 cc, what approximate*"
= 2TCX42 =
2x22x42
is the volume of the cone?
'
= 264 cm
(GuwahatiPO-199*
Now, perimeter of the rectangle = 264 cm
Soln:
Detail Method: Edge ofthe cube = ^343 = 7 err
Since, perimeter includes double the length and

.-. radius of cone = 3.5 cm and height = 7 cm
breadth, while finding the sides we divide by double

the sum of ratio.
.-. volume of the cone = w "

264
Therefore, length
2(6 + 5)
x 6 = 72 cm
= - x x3.5x3.5x7=-x22xl2.25*90
3
7
3
264
and breadth =
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, a e
-x5 = 60 cm
2(6 + 5 ) '
have the required answer
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem,
TC . . .
22x343
49x11
= x343 =
=
9 0 cc
12
7x12
6
n
(6 )
22 6
..,
Sides = T C X 4 2 X _
= x 4 2 x = 72 cm
11
11
5
22 5
.
and 7tx42x- = x 4 2 x = 60 m
m n
Exercise
1.
A right circular cone is exactly fitted inside a cube

such a way that the edges of the base of the cone an
621
Miscellaneous
touching the edges o f one o f the faces o f the cube and

the vertex is on the opposite face o f the cube. I f the
A hemisphere o f lead o f radius 7 cm is cast into a right
volume o f the cube is 336 cc, what is the volume o f the
circular cone o f height 49 cm. Find the radius o f the
cone?
a)88cc
base.
b)90cc
c)66cc
d)82cc
a) 3.74 cm
A right circular cone is exactly fitted inside a cube in
b) 3.47 cm
c) 4.74 cm
d) None o f these
The radii o f two cylinders are in the ratio 2 : 3 and their
such a way that tl.s edges o f the base o f the cone are
heights are in the ratio 5 : 3 . Calculate the ratio o f their
volumes and the ratio o f their curved surfaces.
a) 1 0 : 9 , 6 : 5
b)20:27,10:9
c) 1 5 : 1 4 , 5 : 3
cone?
d) None o f these
A cone, a hemisphere and a cylinder stand on equal
a)30cc
b)27cc
c) 33 cc
d) 44 cc
base and have the same height. Find the ratio o f their
volumes.
a)2:3:4
such a way that the edges o f the base o f the cone are
b)4:3:2
c)l:2:3
Sum o f the length, w i d t h and depth o f a cuboid is s and
its diagonal is d. Its surface area is:
volume o f the cube is 470.4 cc, what is the volume o f the

a)s
cone?
b)d
c)s -d
2
b)123.2cc
c) 125.3 cc
d) None o f these
5.
A cylinder and a cone have same height and same ra-
dius o f the base. The ratio between the volumes o f the
cylinder and cone is:
8)1:3
A right cylinder and a right circular cone have same
radius and same volume. The ratio o f height o f the cylin-
cone?
der o f that o f the cone is:

b)270cc
c)440cc
a)3:5
d)400cc
b)3:l
b)2:5
c)l:2
c)3:l
d)2:l
d) 1 :3
( C D S Exam 1991)

7.
A right circular cone is cut o f f at the middle o f its height
and parallel to'base. Call smaller cone thus formed A and
remaining part B . Then:
volume ofthe cube is 1176 cc, what is the volume ofthe
a)VolA<VolB
b)VolA = VolB
c)VolA>VolB
d)VolA=
cone?
a)308cc
VolB
b)803cc
c)380cc
d)830cc
Answers
2.c
( C D S E x a m 1991)
4. a
3.b
5. a
A solid consists o f a circular cylinder with exact
If a cylinder,
a hemisphere
(i) the ratio of their volumes
cone is h. I f total volume o f the solid is 3 times and
and a cone stand on the
same base and have the same heights,
fitting
right circular cone placed on the top. The height o f the
Important Points to Remember

1.
( C D S Exam 1989)
a) 132.2 cc
a)330cc
d)s +d
volume o f cone, then the height o f circular cylinder is:
then
- 3 : 2 : 1
and
a)2h
b)4h
3h
c) -
2h
d ) T
(ii) the ratio of their curve surface areas = ^ 2 : -Jl: 1

2.
The ratio ofthe
volumes
of a cube to that ofthe
( C D S Exam 1991)
sphere
The number o f solid spheres, each o f diameter 6 cm, that

which will fit inside the cube is (6 : TC).
3.
If a cube of maximum volume (each corner touching

surface from inside is cut from
could be moulded to form a solid metal cylinder o f height

the
a sphere, then the ratio
of the volumes of the cube and the sphere is ^2 : -\/3TC)4.
The curved surface area of a sphere and that of a cylinder which circumscribes
45 cm and diameter 4 cm, is:

a)3
b)4
c)5
d)6
(NDA Exam 1990)
10. The areas o f two spheres are in the ratio 1 : 4 . The ratio o f
their volumes is:
the sphere is the same.

a) 1:4
b) 1 : 2 / 2
c)l:8
d ) l :64
622
( C D S Exam 1991)
11.
For a given volume, which o f the following has minimum

surface area?
a) cube
'
b) cone
c) sphere
H I
rtr h = - 7 t r H :
2
H ~3'
7. a; Hint: Let h be the height o f the cone and r be the radi.
o f its base.
d) cylinder
Answers
1. a; Hint: Volume o f hemisphere
. 1
Radius o f base o f A = r, Height o f A = h.
(I
4 *22
J)
2150
-2x r 3
- ^ 7- x 7 x 7 x 7 = 3 cu cm
Volume o f A =
Let the radius o f the base o f cone be r cm.

1 22
- * xr
Then
men,
r r
( ^
Volume o f B
-7tr h - r c r h
3
24
2
rcr h
24
.-. Vol A < Vol B

8. d; Hint: Let r be the radius o f the base o f each.
1
.-. Radius = ^(14) = 3 . 7 4 cm
V\ 7t(2/-) x(5/) _ 20
2
n(3r) x(3h)
&
_ 2nx2rx5h
27
2u
Then, volume o f the cone = nr h
2. b; Hint: Let their radii be 2r, 3r and heights be 5h, 3h.

Then,
~~9
: nr
Total volume =
_ 10
~ 2nx3rx3h
3. c, Hint: Ratio o f volumes = t r
.-. Volume o f cylinder = ^ n r h - j r c r h j = ^-rcr h

2
So,(l +b +h )=d
2
.-. (l + b + h ) = s
2
+b
+h
2
Then, T t r H = -rcrh
2
=> H y b .
=1:2:3.
d.
=36rt
+ b + h ) + 2 ( l b + bh + lh) = s
2
180TC
.-. Number o f spheres = = 5.
36TC
10. c; Hint: Let r and R be the radii o f the spheres. Then.
=>2(!b + bh + lh) = ( s - d )
4m_
.-. Surface area = ( s - d ) [Also See Rule - 5]
4rcR
u r n e
Volume o f 1 cylinder = n x ( 2 ) x 45 = 180rr
= > d + 2 ( l b + b h + lh) = s
5 b- Hint- ^ *
. >1
9. c; Hint: Volume o f 1 sphere = y n x ( 3 )
r>(l
Let H be the height o f the cylinder.
:-rcr
T t r 2
4
4. c; Hint: I + b + h = sand Vi
2
24
2 _ 2156x7x3
"
3x22x49
(I
,
2156
x49 =
f the cylinder _
Volume o f the cone
rcr h
1
_ 3 _
4
3:1.
Ratio o f v o l u m e s
3
3
11.c
j
=
*_
1 ^
rcr h
3
6. d; Hint: Let r be radius o f each. Let h and H be the heights
ofthe cylinder and cone respectively. Then,
R~2

Chapter 23

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 23

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Elementary Mensuration - I I

maximum number o f boxes that can be carried in the

A rectangular tank measuring internally 37 metres in

length, 12 metres in breadth and 8 metres in depth, is full

costs Rs. 2.80 per cubic metre.

find the depth.

.-. breadth = 8 m and length = 12 m

7. c; Hint: Number o f boxes =

9. a; Hint: volume o f water = 37 x 12x8 cub metres

.-. depth = - m = j x l O O =20 cm.

" . c; Hint: Volumeofthetimber = 7 x 0.1 *0.1 = 0 . 0 7 c u m

Volume of the cuboid=

a; Hint: Let the initial height be h and the height after

area o f base or top x area o f one face x

= area of one side face

Ex. 1: Area o f the base o f a cuboid is 9 sq metres, area o f

area o f base x area o f one facex

= V l 8 0 x 9 6 x 1 2 0 = 1440 cu. cm.

2. d; Hint: Let the no. o f men be n. N o w , from the question,

The area o f a side o f a box is 120 sq cm. The area o f the

Ay = area of other side face.

c; Hint: Cost o f covering the playground = 4800 x 0.01 x

Where, A = area of base or top,

The area o f a side o f a box is 32 sq cm. The area o f the

The area o f a side o f a box is 30 sq cm. The area o f the

surface o f the box is 15 sq cm then find the volume o f the

is 2 cm, find the cost o f painting the box inside at the

rate o f Rs 2 per square dm.

Theorem: To find the whole surface area of a cuboid if its

3. c; Hint: Area needed = 2 (lb + bh + Ih)

Where, I = length, b = breadth and It = height of the cuboid.

4. d; Hint: Let the length, breadth and height be 6x, 5x and 4x

= 2 [(25 x 15) + (15 x 8) + (25 * 8 ) ] = 1390

Find the surface area o f a slab o f stone measuring 4

metres in length, 2 metres in width and metre in

So, length = 90 m, breadth = 75 m and height = 60 m

7. d; Hint: Internal length = 45 - - x 2 = 40 cm

Find the surface area o f a cuboid 22 cm by 12 cm by 7.5

Find the length o f diagonal o f a cuboid 12 m long. I

A p p l y i n g the above formula, we have

broad and 8 m high.

surface area and volume.

of a cuboid if its length

Find the diagonal o f a cuboid 22 cm, by 12 cm by 7.5 c m

a)684.25cm b)26.15cm c)25.14cm d)25.16cm

(Hi) diagonal of the cube - (V3a) units.

2. c; Hint: Length o f longest pole

(ii) whole surface of the cube = ( 6 a ) sq units.

T h e o r e m : If each edge (or side) of a cube is 'a' units then

Find the volume, surface area and the diagonal o f a

The sum o f length, breadth and height o f a cuboid is

The sum o f length, breadth and height o f a cuboid is 5

The sum o f length, breadth and height o f a cuboid is 26

Find the volume o f a cube each o f whose sides measure

b) 1844 sq cm, 18^3

c) 1644 sq cm, 12^3

Theorem: To find total surface area of a cuboid if the sunt

A p p l y i n g the above theorem,

A cube has a diagonal 17.32 cm long. Find the volume o f

surface area o f the cube is:

10. The surface area o f a cube is 600 cm , The length o f its

length o f each edge

= (512000)^ = (80x80x80)^' =80 cm